CN116927349A - Concave-convex elevation module in modularized building and design method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a concave-convex elevation module in a modularized building and a design method thereof, belonging to the technical field of assembled building modules, aiming at solving the defect that the existing modularized outer wall is more pursued for rapid production and lacks a method for designing a complex concave-convex elevation.

Description

Concave-convex facade module in modular building and its design method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of assembled building modules, and specifically relates to a concave and convex facade module in a modular building and a design method thereof.

Background technique

The modular integrated building technology system is the core construction technology in the current prefabricated 4.0 era. It is a three-dimensional space integrated building unit with building functions. MiC modular buildings are prefabricated in the factory with hexahedral modules and 80% of equipment integration. The modules are assembled at the construction site to build a house "like building blocks", with fast, efficient and smart integration;

The basic building blocks of modular buildings are modules. In order to ensure the high integration level of the module, the module is generally hexahedral. In order to ensure the rapid production of modules, exterior walls generally use exterior wall panels that can be quickly installed, such as light steel keel walls. Since modular exterior wall practices mostly pursue rapid production, when there are complex facade design requirements, there is a lack of a concave-convex facade design method suitable for modular buildings.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that existing modular exterior wall practices mostly pursue rapid production and lack of complex concave and convex facade design methods, the present invention further provides a concave and convex facade module in a modular building and a design method thereof;

A concave-convex facade module in a modular building. The concave-convex facade module is a hexahedral module. The outer wall side of the hexahedral module is provided with a concave-convex facade outer wall. The concave-convex facade outer wall includes N convex molds. Exterior wall support units, N concave mold exterior wall support units and external concave and convex facade panels, N is a positive integer, N concave mold exterior wall support units and N concave mold exterior wall support units along the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module The length extension direction is staggered, each male mold exterior wall support unit is fixedly connected to the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module, each concave mold exterior wall support unit is fixedly connected to the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module, and the external concave and convex facade panels are staggered There are N convex formwork shells and N concave formwork shells. Each convex formwork shell in the external concave and convex facade panels is provided correspondingly with a convex formwork exterior wall support unit. Each concave formwork shell in the external concave and convex facade panels is provided. The shell is provided correspondingly with a concave mold exterior wall support unit, the external concave and convex facade panels are buckled on the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module, and the external concave and convex facade panels are detachably connected to the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module;

Further, the male mold exterior wall support unit includes a plurality of support components, the plurality of support components are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the male mold shell, and each support component includes an inner keel, an outer keel and a plurality of support keels, The inner keel is vertically fixed to the outer wall side of the hexahedral module along the height direction of the hexahedral module, the outer keel and the inner keel are arranged oppositely, and a plurality of supporting keels are equidistantly arranged between the inner keel and the outer keel along the height direction of the inner keel. space, and multiple supporting keels are arranged parallel to each other, one end of each supporting keel is fixedly connected to the inner keel, and the other end of each supporting keel is fixedly connected to the outer keel;

Further, the concave mold exterior wall support unit includes a plurality of concave mold keels, the plurality of concave mold keels are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the concave mold shell, and each concave mold keel is vertically fixed along the height direction of the hexahedral module. on the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module;

Further, the structural form of the concave mold keel is the same as the structural form of the inner keel;

Further, an L-shaped keel is provided at the connection between the outer vertical plate and each side vertical plate in the convex formwork shell. One side of the L-shaped keel is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer vertical plate, and the other side of the L-shaped keel is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer vertical plate. One side is fixedly connected to the side riser;

Further, the bottom end of the ratchet sleeve is processed with a connecting thread hole, the top outer circumferential surface of the No. 1 connecting arm is processed with a connecting external thread, and the connecting external thread is matched with the internal thread in the connecting thread hole, and the No. 1 connecting arm is provided with a connecting thread. The connecting arm and the ratchet sleeve are threadedly disassembled and connected;

Further, the material of the external concave and convex facade panels is cement fiber board;

A design method for concave and convex facade modules in modular buildings. The method is implemented through the following steps:

Step 1: Cut the cement fiber board: Carry out standardized cutting design according to the standard size of the cement fiber board (1220*2440). Let n0 be the cutting multiple of the board. To facilitate calculation, ensure that the width and height directions are all cut at the same multiple according to the facade effect. Cut, the vertical dimension of the plate is Lb/n0, and the horizontal dimension is La/n0;

Step 2: Construct the side support unit of the module exterior wall: select a light steel keel wall that is lightweight, high-strength, and easy to install and suitable for modular buildings as the exterior wall, and position the inner keel according to the location of the exterior wall. , then position the outer keel according to the concave and convex requirements of the facade, and use support keels to fix the inner and outer keels;

Step 3: Determine the size of the external concave and convex facade panels: According to the module limited module size and the specified size of the cement fiber board, the modulus relationship between the two is coordinated, and the general formula for the height and width of the panel facade is derived. Set up a piece of cement The length of the fiber board is La=2440, the height is Lb=1220, the seam width of the cement fiber board is g (1mm≤g≤10mm), the plate cutting multiple is n0, the number of commonly used cement fiber boards is n1, and the single concave and convex facade module The thickness is e and the width is f. The design formula of the plate facade height h and the plate facade width d can be obtained:

h＝La/n0+g(n0-1)*n1+g(n1-1); (1)

d＝(Lb/n0-e)*n0+g(n0-1)+g(n1-1); (2)

Among them, Lb/n0=e+f, f=xe (the value of x is set according to the facade effect)

The splicing method of the panels will also cause differences in the design methods. Direct splicing needs to be bonded with caulking glue. The width of the facade needs to consider the width of the gap. Incision splicing can be ignored, but the process is more complicated. The direct handover of panels uses L Connect them with L-shaped keels, where the vertical spacing between L-shaped keels is 600mm;

Step 4: Finally, consider that a wide gap G will appear after the modules are stacked. The modular building facade design requires the use of boards to cover the joints. Therefore, the gap between modules is set to G (5mm≤G≤20mm), and the width of the cement fiber board gap is g (1mm≤g≤10mm), we can get the module facade design height H and module facade design width D, and get the general formula for the modular concave and convex facade design method:

H＝h+G-g; (3)

D=d+G-g. (4)

The beneficial effects produced by this application compared with the existing technology:

This application provides a concave and convex facade module in a modular building and its design method. By coordinating the relationship between the plate modulus and the module size, it can create complex concave and convex facade forms while taking into account the rapid production requirements of modular buildings. , in terms of structure, the concave and convex facade can achieve the passive energy-saving effect of self-shading of the facade and guiding air flow. In hot summer and warm winter areas, the cooling effect can be achieved through the passive design of the module itself. The design method provided by this application can Adjust x and n in the formula to obtain a variety of modular building concave and convex facade design forms. While the wall thickness is controllable, it saves materials compared with other concave and convex facade methods. The wall thickness of modular buildings is controllable and can be adjusted according to the building facade and interior. The exterior walls are adjusted according to the requirements of the panel modulus, making the exterior walls more changeable and saving materials at the same time.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the cutting size of the cement fiber board used for the external concave and convex facade panels in this application;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the two board jointing handover methods and their width calculation formulas in this application;

Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of the method for designing the dimensions of the concave and convex facade modules in this application;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the keel arrangement of the concave and convex facade of the modular building in this application;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of concave and convex facade panels of the modular building in this application;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the concave and convex facade effects and dimensions of the steel structure modular integrated building in this application;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the L keel of the concave and convex facade of the steel structure modular integrated building in this application.

In the picture, there are 1 external concave and convex facade panels, 2 inner keels, 3 outer keels, 4 support keels and 5 concave mold keels.

Detailed ways

Specific Embodiment 1: This embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 7. This embodiment provides a concave-convex facade module in a modular building. The concave-convex facade module is a hexahedral module. The outer surface of the hexahedral module is There is a concave and convex facade exterior wall on the side of the wall. The concave and convex facade exterior wall includes N convex mold exterior wall support units, N concave mold exterior wall support units and external concave and convex facade panels 1, N is a positive integer, N The male exterior wall support units and N concave exterior wall support units are staggered along the length extension direction of the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module. Each male exterior wall support unit is fixedly connected to the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module. Each concave exterior wall support unit is fixedly connected to the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module. The formwork exterior wall support unit is fixedly connected to the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module. N convex formwork shells and N concave formwork shells are staggered on the exterior concave-convex facade panel 1. Each convex formwork shell in the exterior concave-convex facade panel 1 is The formwork shell is arranged correspondingly to a convex mold exterior wall support unit. Each concave formwork shell in the external concave and convex facade panels 1 is configured correspondingly to a concave mold exterior wall support unit. The external concave and convex facade panels 1 are buckled in the hexahedral module. on the exterior wall side, and the external concave and convex facade panels 1 are detached and connected to the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module.

This embodiment provides a concave and convex facade module in a modular building. The concave and convex facade can achieve the passive energy-saving effect of self-shading of the facade and guiding air flow. In hot summer and warm winter areas, the passive design of the module itself can achieve cooling effect. Effect.

Specific Embodiment 2: This implementation will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 7. The difference between this implementation and Specific Embodiment 1 is that the male mold exterior wall support unit includes a plurality of support components, and the multiple support components are along the convex formwork shell. are arranged equidistantly in the width direction. Each support component includes an inner keel 2, an outer keel 3 and multiple support keels 4. The inner keel 2 is vertically fixed on the outer wall side of the hexahedral module along the height direction of the hexahedral module. , the outer keel 3 and the inner keel 2 are arranged oppositely, a plurality of support keels 4 are equidistantly arranged between the inner keel 2 and the outer keel 3 along the height direction of the inner keel 2, and the plurality of support keels 4 are arranged parallel to each other, each support One end of the keel 4 is fixedly connected to the inner keel 2, and the other end of each supporting keel 4 is fixedly connected to the outer keel 3. Other components and connection methods are the same as in the first embodiment.

Specific Embodiment Three: This embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 7. The difference between this embodiment and the Second Specific Embodiment is that the concave mold exterior wall support unit includes a plurality of concave mold keels 5, and a plurality of concave mold keels 5. The concave mold keels 5 are arranged equidistantly along the width direction of the concave formwork shell, and each concave mold keel 5 is vertically fixed on the outer wall side of the hexahedral module along the height direction of the hexahedral module. Other compositions and connection methods are the same as the second embodiment.

Specific Embodiment 4: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 . The third difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment is that the structural form of the die keel 5 is the same as the structural form of the inner keel 2 . Other compositions and connection methods are the same as those in the third embodiment.

Specific Embodiment 5: This embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 7. The difference between this implementation and the fourth specific embodiment is that the connection between the outer vertical plate and each side vertical plate in the raised formwork shell is respectively provided with An L-shaped keel, one side of the L-shaped keel is fixedly connected to the inner side of the exterior riser, and the other side of the L-shaped keel is fixedly connected to the side riser. Other components and connection methods are the same as the fourth embodiment.

Specific Embodiment 6: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 . The difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that the material of the external concave and convex facade panel 1 is cement fiber board. Other components and connection methods are the same as the fifth embodiment.

Specific Embodiment 7: This embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 7. This embodiment provides a design method for concave and convex facade modules in modular buildings. The method is implemented through the following steps:

Step 1: Cut the cement fiber board: Carry out standardized cutting design according to the standard size of the cement fiber board. Let n0 be the cutting multiple of the board. To facilitate calculation, ensure that the width and height directions are cut according to the same cutting multiple according to the facade effect. The board The vertical dimension is Lb/n0 and the horizontal dimension is La/n0;

Step 2: Construct the side support unit of the module exterior wall: select a light steel keel wall that is lightweight, high-strength, and easy to install and suitable for modular buildings as the exterior wall, and position the inner keel according to the location of the exterior wall. , then position the outer keel according to the concave and convex requirements of the facade, and use support keels to fix the inner and outer keels;

Step 3: Determine the size of the external concave and convex facade panels: According to the module limited module size and the specified size of the cement fiber board, the modulus relationship between the two is coordinated, and the general formula for the height and width of the panel facade is derived. Set up a piece of cement The length of the fiberboard is La=2440, the height is Lb=1220, the seam width of the cement fiber board is g, the plate cutting multiple is n0, the number of commonly used cement fiber boards is n1, the thickness of a single concave and convex facade module is e, and the width is f , the design formula of the plate facade height h and plate facade width d can be obtained:

h＝La/n0+g(n0-1)*n1+g(n1-1); (1)

d＝(Lb/n0-e)*n0+g(n0-1)+g(n1-1); (2)

Among them, Lb/n0=e+f, f=xe (the value of x is set according to the facade effect)

The splicing method of the panels will also cause differences in the design methods. Direct splicing needs to be bonded with caulking glue. The width of the facade needs to consider the width of the gap. Incision splicing can be ignored. When splicing with incisions, d = (Lb/n0-e )*n0, but the cutting process is more complicated. The plates are directly connected using L-shaped keels, where the vertical spacing of the L-shaped keels is 600mm;

Step 4: Finally, consider that a wide gap G will appear after the modules are stacked. The modular building facade design requires the use of boards to cover the joints. Therefore, assuming that the gap between modules is G and the width of the cement fiber board gap is g, the module facade is obtained. The design height H and the module facade design width D lead to a general formula for the design method of modular concave and convex facades:

H＝h+G-g; (3)

D=d+G-g. (4)

The present invention has been disclosed above with preferred implementation examples, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any skilled person familiar with the art can make use of the structure and technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. The changes or modifications are equivalent implementation examples of equivalent changes. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above implementation examples based on the technical essence of the present invention that do not deviate from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still deemed to be equivalent changes or modifications. The technical solution scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A concave-convex facade module in a modular building. The concave-convex facade module is a hexahedral module. It is characterized in that: the outer wall side of the hexahedral module is provided with a concave-convex facade outer wall. The wall includes N convex mold exterior wall support units, N concave mold exterior wall support units and external concave and convex facade panels (1), N is a positive integer, N convex mold exterior wall support units and N concave mold exterior walls The support units are staggered along the length extension direction of the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module. Each convex mold exterior wall support unit is fixedly connected to the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module, and each concave mold exterior wall support unit is fixedly connected to the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module. , N convex formwork shells and N concave formwork shells are staggered on the external concave and convex facade panels (1), and each convex formwork shell in the external concave and convex facade panels (1) has a convex formwork exterior wall support unit Accordingly, each concave mold shell in the external concave and convex facade panels (1) is configured correspondingly to a concave mold exterior wall support unit, and the external concave and convex facade panels (1) are buckled on the exterior wall side of the hexahedral module. And the external concave and convex facade panels (1) are detached and connected to the outer wall side of the hexahedral module. 2. A concave-convex facade module in a modular building according to claim 1, characterized in that: the convex formwork exterior wall support unit includes a plurality of support components, and the plurality of support components are along the width direction of the convex formwork shell. Arranged equidistantly, each support component includes an inner keel (2), an outer keel (3) and multiple support keels (4). The inner keel (2) is vertically fixed on the hexahedral module along the height direction of the hexahedral module. On the outer wall side of the module, the outer keel (3) and the inner keel (2) are arranged oppositely, and a plurality of supporting keels (4) are arranged equidistantly between the inner keel (2) and the outer keel (3) along the height direction of the inner keel (2). ), and multiple supporting keels (4) are arranged parallel to each other, one end of each supporting keel (4) is fixedly connected to the inner keel (2), and the other end of each supporting keel (4) is connected to the outer keel (3) Fixed connection. 3. A concave-convex facade module in a modular building according to claim 2, characterized in that: the concave mold exterior wall support unit includes a plurality of concave mold keels (5), and a plurality of concave mold keels (5 ) are arranged equidistantly along the width direction of the concave formwork shell, and each concave mold keel (5) is vertically fixed on the outer wall side of the hexahedral module along the height direction of the hexahedral module. 4. A concave-convex facade module in a modular building according to claim 3, characterized in that the structural form of the concave mold keel (5) is the same as the structural form of the inner keel (2). 5. A concave-convex facade module in a modular building according to claim 1, characterized in that: an L-shaped connection is provided between the outer vertical board in the convex formwork shell and each side vertical board. Keel, one side of the L-shaped keel is fixedly connected to the inside of the exterior riser, and the other side of the L-shaped keel is fixedly connected to the side riser. 6. A concave-convex facade module in a modular building according to claim 1, characterized in that: the external concave-convex facade panel (1) is made of cement fiber board. 7. A method for designing concave and convex facade modules in any modular building according to claim 1 to claim 6, characterized in that the method is implemented through the following steps: Step 1: Cut the cement fiber board: Carry out standardized cutting design according to the standard size of the cement fiber board. Let n0 be the cutting multiple of the board. To facilitate calculation, ensure that the width and height directions are cut according to the same cutting multiple according to the facade effect. The board The vertical dimension is Lb/n0 and the horizontal dimension is La/n0; Step 2: Construct the side support unit of the module exterior wall: select a light steel keel wall that is lightweight, high-strength, and easy to install and suitable for modular buildings as the exterior wall, and position the inner keel according to the location of the exterior wall. , then position the outer keel according to the concave and convex requirements of the facade, and use support keels to fix the inner and outer keels; Step 3: Determine the size of the external concave and convex facade panels: According to the module limited module size and the specified size of the cement fiber board, the modulus relationship between the two is coordinated, and the general formula for the height and width of the panel facade is derived. Set up a piece of cement The length of the fiberboard is La=2440, the height is Lb=1220, the seam width of the cement fiber board is g, the plate cutting multiple is n0, the number of commonly used cement fiber boards is n1, the thickness of a single concave and convex facade module is e, and the width is f , the design formula of the plate facade height h and plate facade width d can be obtained: h＝La/n0+g(n0-1)*n1+g(n1-1); (1) d＝(Lb/n0-e)*n0+g(n0-1)+g(n1-1); (2) Among them, Lb/n0=e+f, f=xe (the value of x is set according to the facade effect) The splicing method of the panels will also cause differences in the design methods. Direct splicing needs to be bonded with caulking glue. The width of the facade needs to consider the width of the gap. Incision splicing can be ignored. When splicing with incisions, d = (Lb/n0-e )*n0, but the cutting process is more complicated. The plates are directly connected using L-shaped keels, where the vertical spacing of the L-shaped keels is 600mm; Step 4: Finally, consider that a wide gap G will appear after the modules are stacked. The modular building facade design requires the use of boards to cover the joints. Therefore, assuming that the gap between modules is G and the width of the cement fiber board gap is g, the module facade is obtained. The design height H and the module facade design width D lead to a general formula for the design method of modular concave and convex facades: H＝h+G-g; (3) D=d+G-g. (4)