CN1169254C - Lithium battery with self-viscosity high-molecular electrolyte and its preparing process - Google Patents

Lithium battery with self-viscosity high-molecular electrolyte and its preparing process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1169254C
CN1169254C CNB011155310A CN01115531A CN1169254C CN 1169254 C CN1169254 C CN 1169254C CN B011155310 A CNB011155310 A CN B011155310A CN 01115531 A CN01115531 A CN 01115531A CN 1169254 C CN1169254 C CN 1169254C
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battery
carbonate
lithium
solution
barrier film
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CN1383228A (en
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詹益松
吴盛丰
杨长荣
陈鉴昌
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Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a lithium battery with an auto adhesion high molecular polymer electrolyte, and a manufacturing method for the lithium battery, which is characterized in that solution containing polyacrylonitrile is filled into pole plates and isolating films of a battery, and then organic solvent is filled to enable gelatinoid the solution containing polyacrylonitrile to generate phase separation, so that the pole plates and the isolating films are stuck together to obtain a lithium cell.

Description

Have electrolytical lithium battery of self-viscosity high-molecular and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rechargeable type lithium battery, particularly have electrolytical lithium battery of self-viscosity high-molecular and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, rechargeable secondary battery is after releasing, because it is manufacturing sure that its performance is subjected to portable type electronic product, for this reason, the application product specification of this battery and quantity all increase fast, the product that adds electronics, information and communications industry etc. all strides forward towards more frivolous, short and small practical design aspect, and the characteristic of the power supply that every required by electronic product is asked---secondary cell and function have become the decisive key factor of product competition advantage.
General TunePower just/coating and the assembling mode of negative plates be with just/negative electrode active material with just becoming/negative material after polymeric adhesive, assistant director of a film or play's agent etc. mixes, coat on the collector plate with coating machine again, its coating pattern as shown in Figures 1 and 2.Fig. 1 is the interruption coating method of homogenous material, Fig. 2 then is the continuous coating method of homogenous material, coating after finishing just/negative plates 10a, 10b through roll, behind the itemize, by the macromolecule barrier film it is separated, carry out again circular roll around with the ellipse electrode roll around after, after through other postorder actions of putting into circle or square metal shell 21 etc., pour into liquid electrolyte again, promptly finished making circular and rectangular cell.
Owing at present electronic product is required to compact, so the design of rechargeable secondary battery is promptly more harsh than in the past with the requirement in the space utilization to battery weight, energy density.Development with secondary cell, early stage secondary cell be configured to circular structure, as shown in Figure 3, above-mentioned anode plate/macromolecule barrier film/negative plates is carried out circle and square pole plate reels after 20, put into circle or square metal shell 21, this kind circular structure comparative maturity on engineering, but, will cause the weight of battery to increase because shell is a metal can.Therefore development in future trend will be the package casing of battery with the aluminum foil material, to reduce the weight of battery.
For these reasons, the packaging technology of battery mainly contains piles up and the coiling dual mode, the cell stacks mode of promptly so-called similar present stage macromolecule battery (U.S.'s Bell Laboratory), as shown in Figure 5.The battery that is formed by the mode that laminates pole plate 30 can reach closest packing in theory, and just its space availability ratio maximum adds and utilizes aluminium foil shell 31 packings, can reduce overall battery weight, can reach the purpose that improves energy content of battery density in theory.But because in the design of current battery, without any cementability, therefore present rechargeable battery (Ni-MH battery, lithium ion battery) all can't be prepared to pile up the pressing mode between electrode pad and the macromolecule barrier film (PE, PP or nonwoven fabrics).
Macromolecule battery then because its polyelectrolyte membrane (similar barrier film) has bigger adherence, therefore can pile up pressing.But pole plate needs and polyelectrolyte (film) pressing is piled up, therefore just need be increased in/polymeric adhesive consumption on the negative plates, and just make/ratio of active material on the negative plates reduces, the weight energy density that causes macromolecule battery is on the contrary less than lithium ion battery, and since just/after polymeric adhesion agent content on the negative plates increases, just/the electron conduction degree of negative plates decreases, and causes the charge/discharge of macromolecule battery to be difficult for carrying out.Therefore, need not increase under the prerequisite of polymeric adhesive, how can just carry out in the closeest in theory pressing mode of piling up/negative plates and macromolecule barrier film are superimposed, are the current required major issues that overcomes.
As everyone knows, attempted adhesive application professional technique on battery pole plates, it can make the problems referred to above be resolved, but because the macromolecule battery processing procedure of stack, more inequality with the process design of present lithium ion battery, and the production of the macromolecule battery processing procedure of stack and the techniques of mass production popularize as yet ripe, so be badly in need of on the market a kind ofly can and making the new processing procedure of compact battery with existing process-compatible.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacture method with the electrolytical lithium battery of self-viscosity high-molecular, it makes the making of battery not single close with existing coiling processing procedure, and the macromolecule battery processing procedure that can contain stack, and this manufacture method can with existing battery process-compatible.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of macromolecule battery that had not only had viscosity but also high-energy-density can be provided.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention mainly is after the solution perfusion that will contain polyacrylonitrile (PAN) enters in the pole plate of battery and the barrier film, pours into organic solvent again and the polyacrylonitrile solution that is gluey is originally produced be separated and obtain pole plate and the bonding battery of barrier film.
The invention is characterized in macromolecule polypropylene nitrile heating for dissolving in solution, be in molten condition or mobile big when liquid at the solution of pbz polymer polyacrylonitrile, it is quantitatively poured into the battery pole coil of coiling or the battery pole plates that piles up in; After treating its cooling, add organic solvent again, originally the polyacrylonitrile solution that be colloidal state this moment will produce phenomenon of phase separation, polyacrylonitrile will be separated out with polymeric membrane or bulk, therefore can allow battery pole coil or push away folded battery pole plates and be bonded together, and this bonding program is very high with present lithium ion battery process-compatible, thereby can reach above-mentioned purpose of the present invention.
Solution of the present invention is ethylene carbonate (EC) or propene carbonate (PC), or above-mentioned two kinds mixed solution.
And described organic solvent is a kind of diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate, butylene, γ-Ding lactones, dimethoxy ethane, oxolane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and vinylene carbonate (ViayleneCarbouate) solvent or above-mentioned two or more at least mixed solvent of being selected from.
Because the electrochemical reaction of battery itself need contain a large amount of ions and finish, thus described solution and organic solvent both one of or above-mentioned both contain lithium salts, for example LiPF simultaneously 6, LiCIO 4And LiBF 4Deng, with the reaction that discharges and recharges, its concentration is preferably 0.5moll -1-3moll -1
According to the manufacture method with self-viscosity high-molecular electrolyte lithium battery of the present invention, it not only can give cementability good between electrode and the barrier film, also can have simultaneously and satisfy the required ion concentration of battery itself, just can obtain the battery of high-energy-density.
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, below in conjunction with preferred embodiment, and conjunction with figs., describe the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 have shown the coating method of the both positive and negative polarity pole plate of general battery;
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 have shown the mode of coiling circular batteries and elliptical cells respectively;
Fig. 5 has shown the stack manner of battery;
Fig. 6 has shown the charging and discharging curve figure according to embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 7 has shown the charging and discharging curve figure according to embodiments of the invention 2.
Embodiment
At first, preparation both positive and negative polarity coiling stack of cells.LiCoO with 85% 2, 10% assistant director of a film or play's agent KS 6(product of Sweden TIMCAL company) and 5% bonding agent the PVdF product of company (Belgian Solvay) mix, and coat on the aluminium foil, form anode plate through rolling steps such as itemize again.The 90%MCMB product of company (Japanese Osakagas) powder mixed with 10%PVdF and be dissolved in and form coating among the NMP (products of Japanese three Acer chemical companies), coat above-mentioned coating on the Copper Foil and similarly form negative plates through rolling steps such as itemize.Utilize barrier film PP or PE (Colgard) to reel at last and be stacked into battery with above-mentioned both positive and negative polarity.
Embodiment 1
After the PC of the EC of 20g and 20g dewatered with molecular sieve, add the LiPF of 7g 6Behind the solution mixed dissolution, add the PAN of 6g and be heated to 120 ℃ and make the PAN dissolving.This solution for vacuum is poured into both positive and negative polarity coiling stack of cells, add again and contain 1moll -1LiPF 6DEC solution, seal the back and measure the impedance of this battery under 1kHz, the results are shown in table 1, its charging and discharging curve is as shown in Figure 6.Take battery apart, observe the bonding situation of pole plate and barrier film.
Embodiment 2
The 1moll that contains at 40g -1LiPF 6EC solution in, the PAN of heating for dissolving 6g.
This solution for vacuum is poured into after the both positive and negative polarity coiling stack of cells, add again and contain 1M LiPF 6DEC and the mixed solution of PC (60: 40), seal the back and measure the impedance of this battery under 1kHz, the results are shown in table 1, its charging and discharging curve is as shown in Figure 7.
Take battery apart, observe the bonding situation of pole plate and barrier film.
Embodiment 3
The 2moll that contains at 40g -1LiPF 6PC solution in, the PAN of heating for dissolving 6g.
This solution for vacuum is poured into after the both positive and negative polarity coiling stack of cells, add the mixed solution of DEC and PC (60: 40) again, seal the back and measure the impedance of this battery under 1kHz, the results are shown in table 1.
Take battery apart, observe the bonding situation of pole plate and barrier film.
Embodiment 4
The 1moll that contains at 40g -1LiPF 6EC and the PC mixed solution in, the PAN of heating for dissolving 6g.This solution 2g vacuum is poured into after the both positive and negative polarity coiling stack of cells, add DMC solution 2g again, seal the back and measure the impedance of this battery under 1kHz, the results are shown in table 1.
Take battery apart, observe the bonding situation of pole plate and barrier film.
Comparative example 1
After the PC of the EC of 20g and 20g dewatered with molecular sieve, again with the LiPF of 7g 6Behind the solution mixed dissolution, add the PAN of 6g and be heated to 120 ℃ and make the PAN dissolving.This solution for vacuum is poured into both positive and negative polarity coiling stack of cells, seal the back and measure the impedance of this battery under 1kHz, the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
The 1moll that contains at 40g -1LiPF 6EC solution in, the PAN of heating for dissolving 6g.
This solution for vacuum is poured into both positive and negative polarity coiling stack of cells, seal the back and measure the impedance of this battery under 1kHz, the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1
Impedance The bonding situation of pole plate and barrier film
Embodiment 1 35m Bonding
Embodiment 2 30m Bonding
Embodiment 3 40m Bonding
Embodiment 4 35m Bonding
Embodiment 5 38m Bonding
Comparative example 1 3M Not bonding
Comparative example 2 4M Not bonding
Result by table 1 can find out the battery that embodiment 1-5 is made, not only can reach required electric power, and cementability is good between pole plate and the barrier film.And the made battery impedance of comparative example 1-2 is excessive, can't discharge and recharge experiment, bonding and not enough between this external polar plate and barrier film.
The above results fully shows the manufacture method according to high-polymer lithium battery of the present invention, can make to satisfy simultaneously to discharge and recharge the battery that has good cementability between required energy density and pole plate and barrier film.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not in order to limiting the present invention, anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; any change and the retouching done are all within the protection range of claims that the present invention encloses.

Claims (14)

1. manufacture method with self-viscosity high-molecular electrolyte lithium battery, it comprises:
Polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in a solution; Wherein said solution is ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate or the mixed solution of the two;
Above-mentioned solution perfusion is entered in the pole plate and barrier film of battery;
Pour into an organic solvent again, originally the polyacrylonitrile solution that is gluey is produced to be separated, and obtain this pole plate and the bonding lithium battery of this barrier film, wherein said organic solvent for separately a kind of or at least two kinds be selected from following material: dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate, butylene, gamma-butyrolacton, dimethoxy ethane, oxolane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, methyl ethyl carbonate and vinylene carbonate.
2. the method for claim 1, the pole plate of wherein said battery and the structure of barrier film are for reeling or stacked structure.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein said solution further comprises lithium salts.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein said organic solvent further comprises lithium salts.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein said solution and organic solvent all comprise lithium salts.
6. as claim 3,4 or 5 described methods, the concentration of wherein said lithium salts is 0.5-3moll -1
7. as claim 3,4 or 5 described methods, wherein said lithium salts is LiPF 6, LiClO 4And LiBF 4
8. one kind has self-viscosity high-molecular electrolyte lithium battery, and it comprises:
One battery pole plates;
One barrier film;
Bonding described battery pole plates of polyacrylonitrile and barrier film, wherein said polyacrylonitrile originally was dissolved in ethylene carbonate, in propene carbonate or the mixed solution of the two, be subjected to the effect of an organic solvent and be separated, make described battery pole plates and barrier film bonding, wherein said organic solvent for separately a kind of or at least two kinds be selected from following material: dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate, butylene, gamma-butyrolacton, dimethoxy ethane, oxolane, the 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, methyl ethyl carbonate and vinylene carbonate.
9. lithium battery as claimed in claim 8, the pole plate of wherein said battery and the structure of barrier film are for reeling or stacked structure.
10. lithium battery as claimed in claim 8, wherein said ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate or the mixed liquor of the two further comprise lithium salts.
11. lithium battery as claimed in claim 8, wherein said organic solvent further comprises lithium salts.
12. lithium battery as claimed in claim 8, wherein said ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate or the mixed liquor of the two and organic solvent all comprise lithium salts.
13. as claim 10,11 or 12 described lithium batteries, the concentration of wherein said lithium salts is 0.5-3moll -1
14. as claim 10,11 or 12 described lithium batteries, wherein said lithium salts is LiPF 6, LiClO 4And LiBF 4
CNB011155310A 2001-04-27 2001-04-27 Lithium battery with self-viscosity high-molecular electrolyte and its preparing process Expired - Lifetime CN1169254C (en)

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