CN116914414A - Slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna - Google Patents
Slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN116914414A CN116914414A CN202310827328.XA CN202310827328A CN116914414A CN 116914414 A CN116914414 A CN 116914414A CN 202310827328 A CN202310827328 A CN 202310827328A CN 116914414 A CN116914414 A CN 116914414A
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna. The method comprises the following steps of sequentially arranging from top to bottom: the signal layer consists of 7 antenna units, the 7 antenna units are arranged in a linear array form in the horizontal direction of the x axis, wherein each antenna unit consists of 3 microstrip patch antennas with the same size, and the 3 microstrip patch antennas are arranged in a linear array form in the vertical direction of the y axis; an upper dielectric substrate; the grounding layer is provided with 21 rectangular slots, and the center position of each slot is consistent with the center position of the microstrip patch antenna at the same position in the horizontal direction of the x-axis on the signal layer; a lower dielectric substrate; and a feed layer. The invention feeds the radiation patch through the rectangular slot on the grounding layer, thereby ensuring that the antenna has a certain bandwidth, meeting the requirement of the working frequency band of the antenna, obviously reducing the whole size of the antenna, and having low section, easy processing and convenient assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a MIMO radar antenna working in a 5.2-5.6GHz frequency band, and particularly relates to a slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of radio technology, array antennas are increasingly used in communication systems and radar systems. The array antenna after the array is assembled not only can realize low side lobe, high gain, multi-beam, strong directivity and other radiation performances, but also can be suitable for antenna beam forming, phased scanning and the like, and the advantages enable the array antenna to play an important role in a wireless communication system. In recent years, spectrum resources of a communication system are increasingly tensed, and MIMO antennas become an important choice for improving the utilization rate of spectrum resources. The microstrip antenna has small volume and low profile, is convenient to be conformal with a carrier, is easy to integrate with other devices, and is convenient to realize miniaturization of the antenna.
However, the microstrip antenna still has the defects of narrow working bandwidth, larger loss, small power capacity of a single antenna and the like, and meanwhile, the traditional array antenna also has the problems of complex feed network design structure and larger impedance matching difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna, which adopts a slot coupling feed mode, and the microstrip array antenna and a feed network are respectively arranged on different medium substrates, and the radiating patch is fed through rectangular slots on a grounding layer, so that the antenna has a certain bandwidth, the requirement of an antenna working frequency band can be met, the overall size of the antenna is obviously reduced, the antenna section is low, the processing is easy, and the assembly is convenient.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna, which comprises the following components sequentially arranged from top to bottom:
the signal layer consists of 7 antenna units, the 7 antenna units are arranged in a linear array form in the horizontal direction of the x axis, wherein each antenna unit consists of 3 microstrip patch antennas with the same size, and the 3 microstrip patch antennas are arranged in a linear array form in the vertical direction of the y axis;
an upper dielectric substrate;
the grounding layer is provided with 21 rectangular slots, and the center position of each slot is consistent with the center position of the microstrip patch antenna at the same position in the horizontal direction of the x-axis on the signal layer;
a lower dielectric substrate;
the feed layer is composed of 7 feed networks, the 7 feed networks are arranged in a linear array mode in the horizontal direction of the x axis, each feed network corresponds to antenna units with the same position in the horizontal direction of the x axis on the signal layer one by one, and each feed network and the corresponding antenna units are combined to form 1 subarray.
Preferably, the feed network consists of a microstrip transmission line, a microstrip open branch, an impedance matching feeder line and a microstrip feeder line; the microstrip transmission line consists of a microstrip line I, a microstrip line II, a microstrip line III, a microstrip line IV and a microstrip line V; the microstrip open-circuit branch joint consists of a microstrip line six, a microstrip line seven and a microstrip line eight; the impedance matching feeder line consists of a microstrip line nine and a microstrip line ten.
Preferably, the length l1=8mm of the microstrip line one; the length L2=6mm of the microstrip line II; the length l3=8mm of the microstrip line three; the length l4=6mm of the microstrip line four; the length l5=8mm of the microstrip line five; the length l6=5.2 mm of the microstrip line six; the length l7=4.5 mm of the microstrip line seven; the length l8=4mm of the microstrip line eight; the length l9=3mm of the microstrip line nine; the length l10=4.5 mm of the microstrip line ten; the length l11=29.59 mm of the microstrip feed line.
Preferably, the length lsub=188 mm and the width wsub=86.5 mm of the array antenna; the thickness H1 = 2.93mm of the upper dielectric substrate; the thickness H2 = 0.508mm of the lower dielectric substrate; the distance between the subarrays was 25.8mm.
Preferably, the microstrip patch antenna has a length l=12.5 mm and a width w=11.5 mm.
Preferably, the length ls=9 mm and the width ws=1 mm of the rectangular slit.
Preferably, the working frequency band of the array antenna is 5.2GHz-5.6GHz.
Preferably, the azimuth beam pointing angle of the array antenna is about 0 ℃, the half power beam width of the azimuth plane E surface is within the range of 100 DEG + -10 DEG, the half power beam width of the elevation plane H surface is within the range of 32 DEG + -5 DEG, the elevation side lobe level is less than-10 dB, and the antenna gain is about 9dB.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna adopts a slot coupling feed mode, the microstrip array antenna and the feed network are respectively arranged on different medium substrates, and the radiating patch is fed through the rectangular slots on the grounding layer, so that the antenna has a certain bandwidth, the requirement of an antenna working frequency band can be met, the overall size of the antenna is obviously reduced, the antenna section is low, the processing is easy, and the assembly is convenient.
2. The feed network designed by the invention adopts a mode of slot coupling feed and microstrip feed lines, is designed into a one-to-three trisection power divider in a parallel feed mode, and adds a section of impedance matching feed line before the microstrip feed line where the input port is positioned in order to realize impedance matching of the input port, so that the microstrip feed line where the input port is positioned can be realized to be 50 omega characteristic impedance.
3. The working frequency band of the antenna designed by the invention is 5.2GHz-5.6GHz, and the working frequency band of the antenna can be expanded to other frequency bands by changing the size and shape of the radiation patch.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a planar layered structure diagram of a slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a signal layer according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of a ground plane provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a feeding layer provided by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a feed network structure provided in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a simulation diagram of return loss S11 of subarrays (1) to (7) provided by the invention at a center frequency of 5.4 GHz.
Fig. 8 is a standing wave ratio VSWR simulation diagram of subarrays (1) - (7) provided by the invention at a center frequency of 5.4 GHz.
Fig. 9 is a simulation diagram of the isolation of subarrays (1) to (7) provided by the invention at a center frequency of 5.4 GHz.
Fig. 10 is a diagram of the operation of the subarray (1) according to the present invention at a frequency of 5.2 GHz.
Fig. 11 is a diagram of the operation of the subarray (1) according to the present invention at a frequency of 5.4 GHz.
Fig. 12 is a diagram of the operation of the subarray (1) according to the present invention at a frequency of 5.6GHz.
Fig. 13 is a diagram of the pattern simulation of the subarray (4) provided by the invention at the frequency of 5.2GHz during operation.
Fig. 14 is a diagram of the pattern simulation of the subarray (4) provided by the invention at the frequency of 5.4GHz during operation.
Fig. 15 is a diagram of the pattern simulation of the subarray (4) provided by the invention at the frequency of 5.6GHz during operation.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 below, the embodiment of the invention specifically provides a slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna, which comprises an upper dielectric substrate 1, a lower dielectric substrate 2, a signal layer 3, a ground layer 4 and a feed layer 5. The signal layer 3 is above the upper substrate, the ground layer 4 is between the upper dielectric substrate 1 and the lower dielectric substrate 2, and the feed layer 5 is below the lower substrate.
The upper dielectric substrate 1 and the lower dielectric substrate 2 are made of RogersRO4350B plates (dielectric constant 3.66, loss tangent 0.0037); the RogersRO4350B plate has the advantages of low dielectric constant, low radio frequency loss, stable electric property under different frequencies, low dielectric constant fluctuation along with temperature, easiness in mass production, multilayer plate superposition and the like, so that the designed antenna can meet the requirements of wider bandwidth, good stability, low loss and the like.
The signal layer 3 is composed of 7 antenna elements 31, the 7 antenna elements 31 are arranged in a linear array in a horizontal direction (x-axis), wherein each antenna element 31 is composed of 3 microstrip patch antennas 32 having the same size, and the 3 microstrip patch antennas 32 are arranged in a linear array in a vertical direction (y-axis). The ground layer 4 has 21 rectangular slots 41, and the center position of each slot coincides with the center position of the microstrip patch antenna 32 at the same position in the horizontal direction (x-axis) on the signal layer 3. The feeding layer 5 is composed of 7 paths of feeding networks 51, the 7 paths of feeding networks 51 are arranged in a linear array mode in the horizontal direction (x-axis), wherein each path of feeding network 51 corresponds to the antenna units 31 with the same position in the horizontal direction (x-axis) on the signal layer 3 one by one, each path of feeding network 51 and the corresponding antenna unit 31 are combined to form 1 subarray, and the feeding network 51 and the antenna units 31 are positioned on the upper layer and the lower layer of different medium substrates and are mutually independent, so that the feeding network 51 has a larger design space and a more free design mode. And the double-layer substrate design and the slot coupling feed mode are adopted, so that the size of the antenna is reduced, the section of the antenna is low, the processing is easy, the assembly is convenient, and the antenna can be widely applied to various MIMO radar products.
As shown in fig. 1, the slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention is formed by arranging 7 1×3 microstrip patch antenna 32 arrays along a straight line. In fig. 1, 7 subarrays are closely arranged at an equidistant pitch of about one half wavelength of 25.8mm, wherein each subarray is a 1×3 microstrip patch antenna 32 array formed by combining an antenna element 31 on a signal layer 3, a ground layer 4 with 3 rectangular slots 41, and a feed network 51 on a feed layer 5. The antenna unit 31 is formed by arranging 3 microstrip patch antennas 32 at equal intervals along the y direction, 3 rectangular slots 41 are respectively positioned under the 3 microstrip patch antennas 32, a feed network 51 formed by trisecting power dividers is positioned on the lowest feed layer 5, and energy is coupled to the microstrip patch antennas 32 on the signal layer 3 through the rectangular slots 41 on the ground layer 4, so that the microstrip patch antennas 32 are excited to radiate.
As shown in fig. 6, the feed network 51 is composed of a microstrip transmission line 51-1, a microstrip open stub 51-2, an impedance matching feed line 51-3 and a microstrip feed line 51-4; the microstrip transmission line 51-1 is composed of a first microstrip line 51-11, a second microstrip line 51-12, a third microstrip line 51-13, a fourth microstrip line 51-14 and a fifth microstrip line 51-15; the microstrip open branch 51-2 consists of a microstrip line six 51-21, a microstrip line seven 51-22 and a microstrip line eight 51-23; the impedance matching feeder 51-3 is composed of a microstrip line nine 51-31 and a microstrip line ten 51-32.
As shown in fig. 6, the length l1=8mm of the microstrip line one 51-11; the length l2=6mm of the microstrip line two 51-12; the length l3=8mm of microstrip line three 51-13; the length l4=6mm of the microstrip line four 51-14; the length l5=8mm of the microstrip line five 51-15; the length l6=5.2 mm of the microstrip line six 51-21; the length l7=4.5 mm of the microstrip line seven 51-22; the length l8=4mm of the microstrip line eight 51-23; the length l9=3mm of the microstrip line nine 51-31; the length l10=4.5 mm of the microstrip line ten 51-32; the length l11=29.59 mm of the microstrip feed line 51-4.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the length lsub=188 mm, the width wsub=86.5 mm, and the thickness h1=2.93 mm of the upper dielectric substrate 1 of the array antenna; the thickness h2=0.508 mm of the lower dielectric substrate 2; the distance between the subarrays was 25.8mm. The microstrip patch antenna 32 has a length l=12.5 mm and a width w=11.5 mm. The rectangular slit 41 has a length ls=9 mm and a width ws=1 mm.
Fig. 7 and 8 are simulation results of return loss S11 and standing wave ratio VSWR of 7 subarrays in the slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna at a center frequency of 5.4GHz, respectively. From fig. 7 and 8, it can be seen that the S11 and VSWR of 7 subarrays in the operating frequency band 5.2GHz-5.6GHz are substantially identical, and S11 is less than-10 db, and VSWR is less than 2, and that the S11 and VSWR of the edge subarrays (1) and subarrays (7) are slightly lower than those of the middle subarray. From the simulation result, the slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna has good transmission performance, and the 7 subarrays can work normally.
Fig. 9 is a simulation result of isolation of 7 subarrays in a slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna at a center frequency of 5.4 GHz. As can be seen from fig. 9, the isolation between adjacent subarrays in the operating frequency band 5.2GHz-5.6GHz is substantially above 15 dB. Therefore, the coupling influence between the subarrays is small, namely, when all subarrays work simultaneously, the interference to adjacent subarrays is small, and the 7 subarrays can meet the requirement of the simultaneous work of the subarrays.
Fig. 10 to 15 are diagrams of the edge subarray (1) and the subarray (4) at the center operating at three positions of 5.2GHz, 5.4GHz and 5.6GHz, respectively. From the directional diagrams of fig. 10 to 15, it can be seen that the azimuth beam pointing angle of the slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna is about 0 °, the half power beam width of the azimuth plane E is within the range of 100 ° ± 10 °, the half power beam width of the nodical plane H is within the range of 32 ° ± 5 °, the pitching side lobe level is less than-10 dB, the antenna gain is about 9dB, and the performance index requirement of the array antenna subarray design is satisfied.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any alterations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna is characterized by comprising the following components sequentially arranged from top to bottom:
the antenna comprises a signal layer (3), wherein the signal layer (3) is composed of 7 antenna units (31), the 7 antenna units (31) are arranged in a linear array form in the horizontal direction of an x-axis, each antenna unit (31) is composed of 3 microstrip patch antennas (32) with the same size, and the 3 microstrip patch antennas (32) are arranged in a linear array form in the vertical direction of a y-axis;
an upper dielectric substrate (1);
the grounding layer (4), 21 rectangular slots (41) are arranged on the grounding layer (4), and the center position of each slot is consistent with the center position of the microstrip patch antenna (32) at the same position in the horizontal direction of the x-axis on the signal layer (3);
a lower dielectric substrate (2);
the feed layer (5), feed layer (5) comprises 7 feed networks (51), and 7 feed networks (51) are arranged in the form of linear array in the horizontal direction of x-axis, and wherein each feed network (51) corresponds with antenna unit (31) that the horizontal direction position of x-axis is unanimous on signal layer (3) one by one, and each feed network (51) and corresponding antenna unit (31) combination constitute 1 subarray.
2. A slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna according to claim 1, wherein said feed network (51) is comprised of a microstrip transmission line (51-1), a microstrip open stub (51-2), an impedance matching feed line (51-3) and a microstrip feed line (51-4); the microstrip transmission line (51-1) consists of a microstrip line I (51-11), a microstrip line II (51-12), a microstrip line III (51-13), a microstrip line IV (51-14) and a microstrip line V (51-15); the microstrip open-circuit branch (51-2) consists of a microstrip line six (51-21), a microstrip line seven (51-22) and a microstrip line eight (51-23); the impedance matching feeder line (51-3) is composed of a microstrip line nine (51-31) and a microstrip line ten (51-32).
3. A slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna according to claim 2, wherein said microstrip line one (51-11) has a length l1=8 mm; the length L2=6mm of the microstrip line II (51-12); the length l3=8mm of the microstrip line three (51-13); the length l4=6mm of the microstrip line four (51-14); the length l5=8mm of the microstrip line five (51-15); the length l6=5.2 mm of the microstrip line six (51-21); the length l7=4.5 mm of the microstrip line seven (51-22); the length l8=4mm of the microstrip line eight (51-23); the length l9=3 mm of the microstrip line nine (51-31); the length l10=4.5 mm of the microstrip line ten (51-32); the microstrip feed line (51-4) has a length l11=29.59 mm.
4. A slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said array antenna has a length Lsub = 188mm and a width Wsub = 86.5mm; the thickness H1=2.93 mm of the upper medium substrate (1); the thickness H2=0.508 mm of the lower dielectric substrate (2); the distance between the subarrays was 25.8mm.
5. A slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna according to claim 1, wherein said microstrip patch antenna (32) has a length L = 12.5mm and a width W = 11.5mm.
6. A slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna according to claim 1, wherein said rectangular slot (41) has a length Ls = 9mm and a width Ws = 1mm.
7. A slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said array antenna has an operating frequency range of 5.2GHz-5.6GHz.
8. A slot-coupled microstrip patch array antenna according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said array antenna has an azimuth beam pointing angle of 0 °, an azimuth plane E-plane half power beam width of 100 ° ± 10 °, a nodding plane H-plane half power beam width of 32 ° ± 5 °, a pitching side lobe level of less than-10 dB, and an antenna gain of 9dB.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310827328.XA CN116914414A (en) | 2023-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | Slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310827328.XA CN116914414A (en) | 2023-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | Slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna |
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| CN116914414A true CN116914414A (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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| CN202310827328.XA Pending CN116914414A (en) | 2023-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | Slot coupling microstrip patch array antenna |
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- 2023-07-07 CN CN202310827328.XA patent/CN116914414A/en active Pending
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