CN116911496A - Water level flow relation determination method under influence of multiple factors - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water level flow relation determination method under the influence of multiple factors; the method comprises the following steps: judging the affected factors of the hydrological test section by natural and artificial affected factors, and determining the withered period and the flood period by utilizing the characteristics of the withered period of the river and the ratio of the measured flow to the water level; and (3) selecting the actual measurement flow in a certain dispersion of the flood season and the corresponding water level to establish a water level-flow relation of the flood season, and selecting the actual measurement flow in a certain dispersion of the withering season and the corresponding water level to establish a water level-flow relation of the withering season. And then the water level-flow relation of the annual hydrologic station is determined.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrologic water resource engineering, in particular to a water level flow relation determination method under the influence of multiple factors.
Background
The river reservoirs in China are numerous, and hydrological data is a basic guarantee for flood prevention, drought resistance, water resource protection and utilization and comprehensive efficacy exertion of reservoirs. The downstream hydrologic station of the dam body of the hydropower station can be influenced by the adjustment human factors of the hydropower station, can also be influenced by natural factors such as terrains near the section of the hydrologic station, has complex water level-flow relationship of the hydrologic station, and brings a plurality of inconveniences for hydrologic test observation arrangement and data structuring. At present, the hydrologic station is influenced by the adjustment of the hydropower station, the relation between the water level and the flow is determined by adopting a continuous time sequence method, the flow test is arranged for a plurality of times, the data is organized and organized in a complicated way, and the accuracy of the deduction is low and the difficulty is high. The invention judges the withered period and the flood period by measuring the flow data for many years, respectively determines the water level-flow relation, and has good practical value for hydrologic test observation arrangement, data reorganization and flow estimation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a water level flow relation determination method under the influence of multiple factors.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a water level flow relation determining method under the influence of multiple factors, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a withered period and a flood period through river withered period characteristics and measured flow and water level ratio;
s2, selecting the actual measured flow and the corresponding water level of the flood season in the specified dispersion of the flood season, and establishing the relationship between the water level and the flow of the flood season;
s3, selecting actual measured flow and corresponding water level in the withering period specified dispersion, and establishing a relationship between the withering period water level and the flow.
Further, let the measured flow velocity dataset be:
wherein ,S1 Is a first vertical measuring line;the method comprises the steps that a first vertical line corresponds to a first water depth point and the flow velocity corresponding to the first water depth point; />The flow velocity corresponding to the P water depth point is the m vertical line;
the reflux discrimination is as follows:
in the case of the case 1, the process is carried out,any flow rate is set, and if the flow rate at any point is greater than zero, the flow rate at any point is a non-reflux test section;
in the case of the case 2 where the number of the cells is,maximum test vertical line for average flow velocity in test section; s is S R+t Sequentially increasing the vertical line to the vertical line starting point distance; s is S U-w Sequentially reducing the distance from the vertical line to the vertical line; r, U is the increasing and decreasing directions of the vertical lines, and t and u are the number of the increasing and decreasing directions of the vertical lines; when the average flow velocity of the vertical lines is the maximum vertical line number, sequentially increasing the vertical line lifting distance to the vertical line lifting distance and sequentially decreasing the vertical line lifting distance to the vertical line lifting distance, and then the vertical line lifting distance and the vertical line lifting distance are sequentially decreasing, and the vertical line lifting distance is a non-backflow test section;
in the case of the case 3, the process is performed,is any perpendicular line->Corresponding to the flow velocity, when the flow velocity is sequentially reduced from the surface layer to the bottom layer, the non-reflux test section is obtained.
Further, let the hydrologic test section morphology dataset be:
E＝{(d 1 ,h 1 ),(d 2 ,h 2 ),…,(d m ,h m )}
wherein m is the number of vertical lines; d, d m ,h m The m-th vertical line corresponds to the starting point distance and the river bottom elevation;
the discriminant of the human factor is:
wherein ,hmin The lowest point of the elevation of the river bottom of the cross section is tested; z is Z Lower water level of water storage When the hydraulic engineering is at the downstream of the section, the water level of the reservoir is stored; z is the water level of the section during test; z is Z Upper water level When the hydraulic engineering is at the upstream of the section, the water level of the reservoir is discharged; x is river ratio drop; y is the distance between the test section and the upstream water project.
Further, the measured flow data is collected all the year round, and the measured flow data set is set as follows:
wherein, Q is the actual measurement flow data set;the nth measured flow rate is 1 month; />Respectively, the measured date, the measured flow and the corresponding water level.
Further, in the step S1, the dead flood period discriminant is:
wherein ,DHydrology Is the date of the measured flow; d (D) Flood season Is the flood period and the monthParts, D Dried cake Is month of dead period.
Further, the annual withered flood season is determined according to the water level and flow ratio, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein ,a water level flow rate which is the nth measured flow rate of 1 month;
calculating each measured flow rate ratio as follows:
wherein ,DRatio of The flow rate ratio was measured throughout the year.
The method for determining the flood season through the annual actually measured flow rate ratio comprises the following steps:
wherein ,the ratio corresponding to the data of the j-th measured flow rate in the ith month.
Further, the annual withered season is:
D＝D hydrology ∩D Ratio of 。
Further, in the step S2, a relationship between the water level and the flow rate in the flood season is established as follows:
A 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 、A 5 、A 6 、B 1 、B 2 、B 3 、Z 01 、Z 02 、Z 03 is a coefficient to be solved;
in the step S3, the relation between the water level and the flow rate in the dead period is established as follows:
A 7 、A 8 、Z 04 、Z 05 is the coefficient to be solved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: determining a withering period and a flood period according to characteristics of the withering period of the river and the ratio of the measured flow rate to the water level; and (3) selecting the actual measurement flow in a certain dispersion of the flood season and the corresponding water level to establish a water level-flow relation of the flood season, and selecting the actual measurement flow in a certain dispersion of the withering season and the corresponding water level to establish a water level-flow relation of the withering season. Further determining the water level-flow relation of the annual hydrologic station;
the method utilizes the analysis of the measured flow and water level data to determine the withering period and the flood period, establishes the annual water level-flow relation, can effectively solve the problem of determining the water level-flow relation of the hydrologic station under the influence of artificial factors such as hydraulic engineering adjustment and the like, section backwater and other natural factors, has high precision and good numerical simulation effect, and provides a beneficial reference value for hydrologic station flow test arrangement and data reorganization under the influence of multiple factors such as manpower, nature and the like. The invention has good economic and social benefits and is suitable for popularization and use
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining water level flow relationship under the influence of multiple factors according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is the data of the aquacultural flood season of the white crane beach;
FIG. 3 is a graph of flood season water level versus flow rate for a flood season;
FIG. 4 is a plot of water level versus flow rate for a withered period;
fig. 5 is a model diagram of the relationship between measured flow rate and water level and flow rate from 2015 to 2022.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for determining a water level flow relationship under the influence of multiple factors includes the following steps:
s1, determining a withered period and a flood period through river withered period characteristics and measured flow and water level ratio;
s2, selecting the actual measured flow and the corresponding water level of the flood season in the specified dispersion of the flood season, and establishing the relationship between the water level and the flow of the flood season;
s3, selecting actual measured flow and corresponding water level in the withering period specified dispersion, and establishing a relationship between the withering period water level and the flow.
Let the measured flow velocity dataset be:
wherein ,S1 Is a first vertical measuring line;the method comprises the steps that a first vertical line corresponds to a first water depth point and the flow velocity corresponding to the first water depth point; />The flow velocity corresponding to the P water depth point is the m vertical line;
the reflux discrimination is as follows:
in the case of the case 1, the process is carried out,any flow rate is set, and if the flow rate at any point is greater than zero, the flow rate at any point is a non-reflux test section;
case 2，Maximum test vertical line for average flow velocity in test section; s is S R+t Sequentially increasing the vertical line to the vertical line starting point distance; s is S U-w Sequentially reducing the distance from the vertical line to the vertical line; r, U is the increasing and decreasing directions of the vertical lines, and t and u are the number of the increasing and decreasing directions of the vertical lines; when the average flow velocity of the vertical lines is the maximum vertical line number, sequentially increasing the vertical line lifting distance to the vertical line lifting distance and sequentially decreasing the vertical line lifting distance to the vertical line lifting distance, and then the vertical line lifting distance and the vertical line lifting distance are sequentially decreasing, and the vertical line lifting distance is a non-backflow test section;
in the case of the case 3, the process is performed,is any perpendicular line->Corresponding to the flow velocity, when the flow velocity is sequentially reduced from the surface layer to the bottom layer, the non-reflux test section is obtained.
The discriminant of the artificial factors can be used for judging whether the artificial factors are influenced by natural factors or not;
taking the aquatics station of the white crane beach as an example
The flow data measured at a certain time at the hydrological station of the white crane beach are shown in Table 1 and are the sections of the reflux test
Let the hydrologic test section morphology dataset be:
E＝{(d 1 ,h 1 ),(d 2 ,h 2 ),…,(d m ,h m )}
wherein m is the number of vertical lines; d, d m ,h m The m-th vertical line corresponds to the starting point distance and the river bottom elevation;
the discriminant of the human factor is:
wherein ,hmin The lowest point of the elevation of the river bottom of the cross section is tested; z is Z Lower water level of water storage When the hydraulic engineering is at the downstream of the section, the water level of the reservoir is stored; z is the water level of the section during test; z is Z Upper water level When the hydraulic engineering is at the upstream of the section, the water level of the reservoir is discharged; x is river ratio drop; y is the distance between the test section and the upstream water project.
Collecting measured flow data all the year round, and setting a measured flow data set as follows:
wherein, Q is the actual measurement flow data set;the nth measured flow rate is 1 month; />Respectively, the measured date, the measured flow and the corresponding water level.
Whether the human factor is affected can be judged by the discriminant of the human factor. The measured flow data of the white crane beach hydrologic station 2015-2022 are shown in Table 2
In the step S1, the judging formula of the withered flood period is as follows:
wherein ,DHydrology Is the date of the measured flow; d (D) Flood season For the month of flood season, D Dried cake The month of the withering period is overlapped and crossed with the season of the withering period.
The data of the water flood season of the white crane beach are shown in figure 2. The rest measured data are withered period.
The annual dry flood period is determined according to the water level and flow rate ratio, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein ,the ratio of the flow to the water level is measured for the nth time of 1 month;
calculating each measured flow rate ratio as follows:
wherein ,DRatio of The flow rate ratio was measured throughout the year.
The method for determining the flood season through the annual actually measured flow rate ratio comprises the following steps:
wherein ,the ratio corresponding to the data of the j-th measured flow rate in the ith month.
The annual withered flood period is as follows:
D＝D hydrology ∩D Ratio of 。
In the step S2, the relation between the water level and the flow in the flood period is established as follows:
A 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 、A 5 、A 6 、B 1 、B 2 、B 3 、Z 01 、Z 02 、Z 03 is a coefficient to be solved;
in the step S3, the relation between the water level and the flow rate in the dead period is established as follows:
A 7 、A 8 、Z 04 、Z 05 is the coefficient to be solved.
The water level and flow relationship of the water station of the white crane beach in the flood period are as follows:
the water level-flow relation curve in the flood season is shown in figure 3;
the water level and flow relationship of the water station of the white crane beach in the flood period are as follows:
the relation curve of the water level and the flow rate in the dead period is shown in figure 4; the model of the relationship between measured flow and water level and flow in 2015-2022 is shown in fig. 5.
The foregoing examples merely illustrate embodiments of the invention and are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present patent is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The water level flow relation determining method under the influence of multiple factors is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, determining a withered period and a flood period through river withered period characteristics and measured flow and water level ratio;
s2, selecting the actual measured flow and the corresponding water level of the flood season in the specified dispersion of the flood season, and establishing the relationship between the water level and the flow of the flood season;
s3, selecting actual measured flow and corresponding water level in the withering period specified dispersion, and establishing a relationship between the withering period water level and the flow.
2. The method of determining a water level flow relationship under the influence of multiple factors as recited in claim 1 wherein said measured flow rate data set is set to:
wherein ,S1 Is a first vertical measuring line;V 1 1 the method comprises the steps that a first vertical line corresponds to a first water depth point and the flow velocity corresponding to the first water depth point; />The flow velocity corresponding to the P water depth point is the m vertical line;
the reflux discrimination is as follows:
in the case of the case 1, the process is carried out,any flow rate is set, and if the flow rate at any point is greater than zero, the flow rate at any point is a non-reflux test section;
in the case of the case 2 where the number of the cells is,maximum test vertical line for average flow velocity in test section; s is S R+t Sequentially increasing the vertical line to the vertical line starting point distance; s is S U-w Sequentially reducing the distance from the vertical line to the vertical line; r, U is the increasing and decreasing directions of the vertical lines, and t and u are the number of the increasing and decreasing directions of the vertical lines; when the average flow velocity of the vertical lines is the maximum vertical line number, sequentially increasing the vertical line lifting distance to the vertical line lifting distance and sequentially decreasing the vertical line lifting distance to the vertical line lifting distance, and then the vertical line lifting distance and the vertical line lifting distance are sequentially decreasing, and the vertical line lifting distance is a non-backflow test section;
in the case of the case 3, the process is performed,is any perpendicular line->Corresponding to the flow velocity, when the flow velocity is sequentially reduced from the surface layer to the bottom layer, the non-reflux test section is obtained.
3. The method for determining the water level flow relation under the influence of multiple factors according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: let the hydrologic test section morphology dataset be:
E＝{(d 1 ,h 1 ),(d 2 ,h 2 ),…,(d m ,h m )}
wherein m is the number of vertical lines; d, d m ,h m The m-th vertical line corresponds to the starting point distance and the river bottom elevation;
the discriminant of the human factor is:
wherein ,hmin The lowest point of the elevation of the river bottom of the cross section is tested; z is Z Lower water level of water storage When the hydraulic engineering is at the downstream of the section, the water level of the reservoir is stored; z is the water level of the section during test; z is Z Upper water level When the hydraulic engineering is at the upstream of the section, the water level of the reservoir is discharged; x is river ratio drop; y is the distance between the test section and the upstream water project.
4. A method of determining a water level flow relationship under the influence of multiple factors as set forth in claim 3, wherein: collecting measured flow data all the year round, and setting a measured flow data set as follows:
wherein, Q is the actual measurement flow data set;the nth measured flow rate is 1 month; />Respectively, the measured date, the measured flow and the corresponding water level.
5. The method for determining the water level flow relation under the influence of multiple factors according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the step S1, the judging formula of the withered flood period is as follows:
wherein ,DHydrology Is the date of the measured flow; d (D) Flood season For the month of flood season, D Dried cake Is month of dead period.
6. The method for determining the water level flow relation under the influence of multiple factors according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the annual dry flood period is determined according to the water level and flow rate ratio, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein ,for 1 month nth measured flowWater level ratio.
Calculating each measured flow rate ratio as follows:
wherein ,DRatio of The flow rate ratio was measured throughout the year.
The method for determining the flood season through the annual actually measured flow rate ratio comprises the following steps:
wherein ,the ratio corresponding to the data of the j-th measured flow rate in the ith month.
7. The method for determining the water level flow relation under the influence of multiple factors according to claim 6, wherein the annual withered season is:
D＝D hydrology ∩D Ratio of 。
8. The method for determining a water level and flow rate relationship under the influence of multiple factors according to claim 7, wherein in S2, the relationship between the water level and the flow rate in the flood season is established as follows:
A 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 、A 5 、A 6 、B 1 、B 2 、B 3 、Z 01 、Z 02 、Z 03 is a coefficient to be solved;
in the step S3, the relation between the water level and the flow rate in the dead period is established as follows:
A 7 、A 8 、Z 04 、Z 05 is the coefficient to be solved.
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