CN116907343A - Visual detection instrument and detection method for mechanism movement precision - Google Patents
Visual detection instrument and detection method for mechanism movement precision Download PDFInfo
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- CN116907343A CN116907343A CN202310911766.4A CN202310911766A CN116907343A CN 116907343 A CN116907343 A CN 116907343A CN 202310911766 A CN202310911766 A CN 202310911766A CN 116907343 A CN116907343 A CN 116907343A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
Abstract
The invention discloses a visual detection instrument and a visual detection method for mechanism movement precision, and relates to the technical field of visual detection. The visual detection instrument and the detection method for the motion precision of the mechanism are high in detection efficiency and precision, so that the practicability is greatly improved, and the instrument is compatible with the testing of products such as an alignment platform, a linear rotary fine adjustment platform, a hollow rotary platform and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of visual detection, in particular to a visual detection instrument and a visual detection method for mechanism movement precision.
Background
The existing motor and speed reducer rotation precision detection adopts high-precision encoder detection, the traditional alignment platform motion precision detection is laser interferometer detection, two dimensions cannot be detected simultaneously, and most of the two dimensions are detected in a contact mode, the detection precision is high, the defect is low in detection efficiency, and the two dimensions are different and the detection practicability is low, so that a mechanism motion precision visual detection instrument and a detection method are provided by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a visual detection instrument and a detection method for the motion precision of a mechanism, and solves the problems of the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a visual detection instrument for motion precision of a mechanism, which comprises a control cabinet, wherein a workbench surface is arranged at the top end of the control cabinet, and the visual detection instrument further comprises:
the visual bracket is fixedly arranged at the top end of the working table surface;
the industrial camera is arranged at the front part of the visual support, can finely adjust the position on the visual support and is used for shooting images of products to be detected;
the aperture is arranged at the front part of the visual bracket and is positioned below the industrial camera and used for improving the brightness and definition of the shot image when the industrial camera shoots the image;
the industrial touch screen is arranged at the top end of the working table and used for displaying image information shot by the industrial camera;
and the programmable control system is used for regulating and controlling the visual detection instrument.
Further, the visual inspection apparatus further includes:
the alignment platform, the linear type fine tuning platform and the rotary type fine tuning platform are arranged at the top end of the workbench surface, and are fixed below the industrial camera when the alignment platform, the linear type fine tuning platform and the rotary type fine tuning platform need to be detected.
Further, the linear type fine tuning table and the rotary type fine tuning table need to use a measuring rod or a measuring block during detection.
Further, the programmable control system includes:
the industrial personal computer is used for receiving the data of the visual acquisition coordinate points;
the PLC is in communication connection with the industrial personal computer and the industrial touch screen and is used for controlling the product to execute corresponding detection actions;
the driver is provided with a plurality of, supplies different product test to use, and every driver all is connected with the PLC communication.
Further, the driver is specifically a motor or an operating mechanism, and the product to be detected is driven by the motor or the operating mechanism to make corresponding actions during detection.
Further, the industrial personal computer, the industrial touch screen, the PLC and the industrial personal computer are connected through Ethernet communication, and the PLC is connected with each driver through Ethercat communication.
Further, the industrial camera shoots images of the motor or the running mechanism with the product execution action and transmits the images to the industrial personal computer.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a detection method of the visual detection instrument for the motion precision of the mechanism, which comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing an alignment platform or a linear fine tuning table or a rotary fine tuning table on a workbench surface, and connecting the alignment platform or the linear fine tuning table or the rotary fine tuning table with a driving end of a corresponding motor or a driving end of a driving mechanism;
s2, opening VM vision software on the industrial personal computer, opening the industrial camera and the aperture, and adjusting the focal length and the brightness of the industrial camera;
s3, driving a motor or an operating mechanism by a PLC controller to drive a contraposition platform or a linear fine tuning table or a rotary fine tuning table to execute corresponding detection actions, and shooting the actions by an industrial camera;
s4, a standard circle and a standard straight line are arranged on the alignment platform or the linear fine tuning platform or the rotary fine tuning platform, the industrial camera acquires coordinates through the angle of the standard circle and the angle of the straight line, data are fed back to the industrial personal computer, the industrial personal computer performs coordinate transmission with the PLC, and the PLC performs data analysis and calculation on the fed back coordinates to display and store the motion precision of the alignment platform or the linear fine tuning platform or the rotary fine tuning platform to the computer.
The invention provides a visual detection instrument and a detection method for mechanism movement precision. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the visual detection instrument and the detection method for the motion precision of the mechanism are high in detection efficiency and precision, so that the practicability is greatly improved, and the instrument is compatible with the testing of products such as an alignment platform, a linear rotary fine adjustment platform, a hollow rotary platform and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a visual inspection apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a programmable control system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a test method;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of jitter value=rmax-Rmin;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of testing the repetition accuracy, positioning accuracy, linear linearity and verticality of two axes of a linear product;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the linearity of Δx and Δy, i.e., the X-axis and Y-axis, after the rotation of the coordinates.
In the figure: 1. an industrial touch screen; 2. a visual support; 3. an industrial camera; 4. an aperture; 5. an alignment platform; 6. a work table; 7. a control cabinet; 8. a linear fine tuning stage; 9. a rotary fine tuning table; 10. a measuring rod; 11. a programmable control system; 111. an industrial personal computer; 112. a PLC controller; 113. a driver; 114. a motor or an operating mechanism.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a mechanism motion precision visual inspection instrument, including switch board 7, table surface 6 is installed on the top of switch board 7, still include visual support 2, industry camera 3, light ring 4, industry touch-sensitive screen 1, programmable control system 11, counterpoint platform 5, linear type fine setting platform 8, rotary-type fine setting platform 9 and measuring stick 10, wherein, visual support 2 fixed mounting is at the top of table surface 6, industry camera 3 installs in the front portion of visual support 2, can carry out the fine setting of position on visual support 2, be used for shooing the image of product to be measured, light ring 4 installs in the front portion of visual support 2, and be located the below of industry camera 3, be used for industry camera 3 to improve the luminance and the definition of shooing the image when shooing the image, industry touch-sensitive screen 1 installs at the top of table surface 6, be used for showing the image information that industry camera 3 shot, programmable control system 11 is used for regulating and controlling visual inspection instrument, setting up counterpoint platform 5 at the top of table surface 6, linear type fine setting platform 8, fine setting platform 9, counterpoint platform 5, linear type fine setting platform 8, rotary-type fine setting platform 9 need detect when detecting, fixed below industry camera 3, linear type fine setting platform 8, when 9 need detect fine setting platform 10, use fine setting when measuring the rotary-type fine setting platform needs to be used for fine setting at rotary-type fine setting platform 10.
Referring to fig. 2, the programmable control system 11 includes an industrial personal computer 111, a PLC controller 112 and drivers 113, wherein the industrial personal computer 111 is configured to receive data of a visual acquisition coordinate point, the PLC controller 112 is communicatively connected with the industrial personal computer 111 and the industrial touch screen 1, and is configured to control a product to perform a corresponding detection action, the drivers 113 are provided with a plurality of drivers for testing different products, each driver 113 is communicatively connected with the PLC controller 112, the drivers 113 are specifically a motor or an operating mechanism 114, the product to be tested is driven by the motor or the operating mechanism 114 to perform a corresponding action during detection, the industrial personal computer 111, the industrial touch screen 1 and the PLC controller 112, and the PLC controller 112 are all connected through Ethernet communication, and the industrial camera 3 photographs images of the motor or the operating mechanism 114 with the product to perform the action and transmits the images to the industrial personal computer 111.
Examples
A detection method of a visual detection instrument for mechanism motion precision comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing an alignment platform 5 or a linear fine tuning table 8 or a rotary fine tuning table 9 on a workbench surface 6, and connecting the alignment platform 5 or the linear fine tuning table 8 or the rotary fine tuning table 9 with a driving end of a corresponding motor or a driving end of a driving mechanism 114;
s2, opening VM vision software on the industrial personal computer 111, opening the industrial camera 3 and the aperture 4, and adjusting the focal length of the industrial camera 3 and the brightness of the aperture 4;
s3, the PLC 112 drives a motor or an operating mechanism 114 to drive the alignment platform 5 or the linear fine adjustment platform 8 or the rotary fine adjustment platform 9 to execute corresponding detection actions, and the actions are shot through the industrial camera 3;
s4, a standard circle and a standard straight line are arranged on the alignment platform 5 or the linear type fine tuning table 8 or the rotary type fine tuning table 9, the industrial camera 3 acquires coordinates through the angle of the standard circle and the angle of the straight line, data are fed back to the industrial personal computer 111, the industrial personal computer 111 and the PLC 112 conduct coordinate transmission, and the PLC 112 displays the motion precision of the alignment platform 5 or the linear type fine tuning table 8 or the rotary type fine tuning table 9 through data analysis and calculation on the fed back coordinates and stores the motion precision in a computer.
Examples
The testing method comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 3, the rotation class: in the left graph, a camera collects a mark point, usually a circle plus a straight line, expressed as XY theta in a plane, the collection point is set to be N points, the total angle is theta (0-360 degrees), and forward and reverse rotation circulation is carried out at equal intervals for measurement. The right image is a series of points collected by the camera, each point has corresponding XY coordinates, wherein the coordinates can be an arc or a complete circle, and the right image is a scatter diagram for collecting the coordinates.
In order to test the rotation runout and angle repetition precision and angle positioning precision of a rotary product, firstly, carrying out circle fitting on scattered points; calculating the virtual center and the virtual radius (least square method);
after the circle center is found, the jump value=Rmax-Rmin can be obtained, as shown in fig. 4:
plane straight line coordinates: the right image, which is a scatter diagram for collecting actual coordinates, is obtained by collecting a mark point, usually a circle plus a straight line, in a product by a camera, representing the mark point as XY theta in a plane, setting the collection point as N points, and collecting the interval x.
In order to test the repetition precision, the positioning precision, the linear linearity and the verticality of two axes of a linear product, firstly, carrying out linear fitting on scattered points; the running track (least square method) is obtained;
let the functional relationship between X and Y be:
Y=aX+b;
there are two undetermined parameters in the formula, a represents intercept, and b represents slope. For N sets of data (Xi, yi) obtained from the equal precision measurements, i=l, 2. The observation data is fitted to a straight line using the least square method.
When estimating the parameters by the least square method, the weighted square sum of the deviations of the observed values Yi is required to be minimum. For a straight line fit of equal accuracy observations, the value of the following equation can be minimized:
after straight line fitting, two straight line equations can be obtained:
A1X+B1Y+C1=0........(1)
A2X+B2Y+C2=0........(2)
two straight line included angles: cos phi=a1a2+b1b2/[ v (a1≡2+b1ζ2)/(a2ζ2+b2ζ2) ]
The digital magnitude of phi can represent the verticality of two lines and also represents the verticality error.
After the coordinates are acquired, the coordinates are rotated, wherein Δx and Δy are the linearities of the X axis and the Y axis (as shown in fig. 6):
repeat accuracy and positioning accuracy reference GB/T17421:
Claims (8)
1. the utility model provides a mechanism motion precision visual inspection instrument, includes switch board (7), table surface (6) are installed on the top of switch board (7), its characterized in that still includes:
the visual bracket (2) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the working table surface (6);
the industrial camera (3) is arranged at the front part of the visual support (2), can finely adjust the position on the visual support (2) and is used for shooting images of products to be detected;
the aperture (4) is arranged at the front part of the visual bracket (2) and is positioned below the industrial camera (3) and is used for improving the brightness and definition of the shot image when the industrial camera (3) shoots the image;
the industrial touch screen (1) is arranged at the top end of the workbench surface (6) and is used for displaying image information shot by the industrial camera (3);
and the programmable control system (11) is used for regulating and controlling the visual detection instrument.
2. The visual inspection apparatus for precision of motion of a mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising:
the alignment platform (5), the linear type fine tuning table (8) and the rotary type fine tuning table (9) are arranged at the top end of the workbench surface (6), and the alignment platform (5), the linear type fine tuning table (8) and the rotary type fine tuning table (9) are fixed below the industrial camera (3) when detection is needed.
3. The visual inspection apparatus for motion precision of mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the linear type fine adjustment table (8) and the rotary type fine adjustment table (9) require the use of a measuring rod (10) for inspection.
4. A machine motion precision vision inspection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the programmable control system (11) comprises:
the industrial personal computer (111) is used for receiving the vision acquisition coordinate point data;
the PLC (112) is in communication connection with the industrial personal computer (111) and the industrial touch screen (1) and is used for controlling the product to execute corresponding detection actions;
the driver (113) is provided with a plurality of drivers for testing different products, and each driver (113) is in communication connection with the PLC (112).
5. The visual inspection apparatus for precision of motion of mechanism according to claim 4, wherein said driver (113) is a motor or an operating mechanism (114), and the product to be inspected is driven by the motor or the operating mechanism (114) to perform a corresponding action during inspection.
6. The visual inspection apparatus for motion accuracy of mechanism according to claim 4, wherein the industrial personal computer (111), the industrial touch screen (1) and the PLC controller (112) and each driver (113) are all connected by Ethernet communication.
7. The visual inspection apparatus for motion accuracy of mechanism according to claim 4, wherein said industrial camera (3) captures images of the motor or the motion mechanism (114) with the product executing action and transmits them to the industrial personal computer (111).
8. A visual inspection apparatus for precision of motion of a mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inspection method comprises the steps of:
s1, fixing an alignment platform (5) or a linear fine tuning table (8) or a rotary fine tuning table (9) on a workbench surface (6), and connecting the alignment platform (5) or the linear fine tuning table (8) or the rotary fine tuning table (9) with the driving end of a corresponding motor or a driving mechanism (114);
s2, opening VM vision software on an industrial personal computer (111), opening an industrial camera (3), an aperture (4) and adjusting the focal length of the industrial camera (3) and the brightness of the aperture (4);
s3, a PLC (112) drives a motor or an operating mechanism (114) to drive a positioning platform (5) or a linear fine tuning table (8) or a rotary fine tuning table (9) to execute corresponding detection actions, and the actions are shot through an industrial camera (3);
s4, a standard circle and a standard straight line are arranged on the alignment platform (5) or the linear fine tuning table (8) or the rotary fine tuning table (9), the industrial camera (3) performs coordinate acquisition on the standard circle and the straight line angle, data are fed back to the industrial personal computer (111), the industrial personal computer (111) performs coordinate transmission with the PLC (112), and the PLC (112) performs data analysis and calculation on the fed back coordinates to display and store the motion precision of the alignment platform (5) or the linear fine tuning table (8) or the rotary fine tuning table (9) in a computer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310911766.4A CN116907343A (en) | 2023-07-25 | 2023-07-25 | Visual detection instrument and detection method for mechanism movement precision |
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| CN103197599A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2013-07-10 | 东华大学 | System and method for numerical control (NC) workbench error self correction based on machine vision |
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