CN116906892A - Satisfy SO 2 Gas blending method and system for meeting emission standard and heat value requirements - Google Patents
Satisfy SO 2 Gas blending method and system for meeting emission standard and heat value requirements Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 242
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000738 capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
- F27D7/02—Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for meeting SO 2 Gas blending method and system meeting emission standard and heat value requirements, and relates to SO 2 The technical field of standard discharge is to solve the problem of SO of the existing heating furnace gas 2 The problem of insufficient economy of the standard discharge method; the invention comprises the steps of according to the components of the gas to be burned and the flue gas SO after burning 2 Measuring and calculating the actual total sulfur content and the maximum allowable value of the gas to be burned according to the actual value and the theoretical discharge limitThe burnt gas is divided into two types of gas with standard exceeding sulfur and low sulfur, at least one of the two types of gas is mixed, and the mixed gas SO is 2 Not exceeding theoretical discharge limit, and obtaining various mixed gas proportions; classifying the mixed gas into a heat value standard-reaching group and a heat value non-standard-reaching group, mixing and blending at least one mixed gas in the two groups until the heat value requirement is met, and supplying each gas to be burned to a heating furnace according to the blending result in proportion; the invention has the advantages of simple steps, convenient operation, low cost, good economy and easy realization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to SO 2 The technical field of standard emission, in particular to a method for meeting SO 2 Gas blending method for meeting emission standard and heat value requirementsThe system.
Background
The heating furnace is the main energy consumption and pollutant discharge device of the steel rolling process. On the premise of meeting the heating quality requirement, the method is required to pursue the extremely effective energy efficiency and achieve the standard emission of pollutants. The treatment of the flue gas pollutants is mainly divided into two approaches of source treatment and tail end treatment. Generating source head analysis from heating furnace flue gas pollutants: SO (SO) 2 Mainly carried in from the combustion gas. Because the steel rolling heating furnace is matched with the rolling mill and is related to the product structure, the steel rolling heating furnace has the characteristics of multiple points and wide range, and has various problems in technical reliability, economy and feasibility (overall diagram, desulfurization and denitrification product treatment) no matter the source treatment of fine desulfurization is adopted for coal gas or the way of terminal treatment is adopted for flue gas with volume expansion of several times.
The invention patent with the publication number of CN106435077A and the name of a blast furnace gas dry purification method and system adopts a chemical looping combustion reactor and two adsorption towers, the carrier gas is heated through the heat release of the chemical looping combustion reaction, then the high-temperature carrier gas is used for desorbing and regenerating the adsorbent, NH3 after the desorption is introduced into the chemical looping combustion reactor to carry out reduction reaction with an oxidation state oxygen carrier, after the desorption of the adsorbent in the adsorption towers is completed, air is introduced into the chemical looping combustion reactor to carry out the oxidation regeneration process of the reduction state oxygen carrier, and two adsorption towers connected in parallel are used for alternately adsorbing and regenerating, so that the blast furnace gas high-efficiency dry purification is realized; the method adsorbs S element in the blast furnace gas by a chemical method, and relates to heating, the use of a desulfurizing agent, the addition of treatment equipment and the like, and although harmful impurities such as ammonia, chlorine, sulfur and the like in the blast furnace gas can be thoroughly removed, the method has the advantages of high energy consumption, high investment cost, poor economy, complex equipment maintenance and operation and high development cost. Thus, there is a need for a solution to SO 2 The gas blending method and system meeting the requirements of standard emission and heat value solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for meeting SO 2 Gas blending method and system meeting emission standard and heat value requirements so as to solve the problems of the existing heating furnaceGas SO 2 The economic efficiency of the standard discharge method is insufficient.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: satisfy SO 2 The gas blending method meeting the requirements of standard emission and heat value comprises the following specific steps:
1) According to the components of each gas to be burned and the SO gas after burning 2 The actual value and the theoretical emission limit are respectively measured and calculated to obtain the actual total sulfur content and the maximum allowable value of various gases to be burned;
2) According to the actual total sulfur content and the maximum allowable value of each gas to be burned, dividing each gas to be burned into two types of gas with exceeding sulfur standard and low sulfur, and mixing at least one of the two types of gas, and then mixing the gas to obtain flue gas SO 2 Not exceeding theoretical discharge limit, and obtaining various mixed gas proportions;
3) According to the heat value requirement, classifying the mixed gas into a heat value standard-reaching group and a heat value non-standard-reaching group, supposing that at least one mixed gas in the two groups is mixed and blended until the heat value requirement is met, and finally, supplying each gas to be burned to a heating furnace according to the mixing and blending result in proportion.
Preferably, the components of the gas to be burned are analyzed by a gas analyzer in real time on line or off line; flue gas SO after burning 2 The actual value is obtained by CEMS on-line monitoring conversion.
Preferably, the actual total sulfur content and the maximum allowable value of the gas to be burned are calculated as follows: dry flue gas SO 2 Theoretical emission allowance x 21/(21-reference oxygen), SO in wet flue gas 2 =dry flue gas SO 2 X (100-moisture content of wet flue gas)/100, elemental S in wet flue gas = SO in wet flue gas 2 X 32/64, maximum allowable value = S element in wet flue gas x theoretical wet flue gas amount; actual total sulfur content of gas to be burned = post-combustion flue gas SO 2 Actual value x maximum allowable value/theoretical emission allowance.
Preferably, in step 2), the mixed flue gas SO 2 The set emission limit is not exceeded, and the set emission limit is less than the theoretical emission limit.
Preferably, the emission allowance=theoretical emission allowance×90% is set.
Preferably, the gas to be burned comprises coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, converter gas and natural gas.
Preferably, if no sulfur exceeds standard gas in the step 2), no mixed gas is needed to be obtained, and the step 3) directly replaces the mixed gas with the gas to be burned, and then the mixed gas is prepared according to the method in the step 3); if the heat value of the gas to be burned meets the standard, the gas to be burned does not need to be prepared or prepared in any mode.
The invention provides another technical scheme that: the gas allocation system for realizing the method comprises a combustion reaction furnace, a chimney, a gas tank, a flue gas analyzer and a gas analyzer, wherein the combustion reaction furnace is provided with a burner which is connected with a gas branch pipe and an air branch pipe for providing combustion and combustion-supporting gas, the gas inlet end of the gas branch pipe is connected to the gas tank, the gas inlet end of the gas tank is connected with a gas inlet pipe network, and the middle part of the gas branch pipe is also provided with a gas pressurizing machine; the gas outlet of the combustion reaction furnace is connected to a chimney through a flue gas main pipe; the gas branch pipe is connected with a gas taking pipe and connected to a gas analyzer, and the middle part of the chimney is connected with a smoke taking pipe and connected to the smoke analyzer for gas taking detection.
Preferably, the air inlet pipe network comprises a plurality of to-be-burned gas branch pipes, and each branch pipe is provided with a flow regulating valve respectively.
Preferably, the gas analyzer detects H in the gas to be burned 2 、CH 4 、CO、C n H m 、CO 2 、O 2 、N 2 、H 2 O content; the flue gas analyzer employs CEMS.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the satisfaction of SO 2 The gas blending method meeting the emission standard and the heat value requirement has the advantages of simple steps, convenient operation, no need of new and increased equipment, low cost, good economy and easy realization, and can simultaneously meet the heat value requirement and SO after blending, and can be realized by simple modification on the basis of the original heating furnace equipment 2 Meets the discharge requirement.
2. The satisfaction of SO 2 Gas allocation method and system meeting emission standards and heat value requirements can realize flue gas pollution of heating furnaces through allocation meansThe dye is discharged up to standard, is particularly suitable for coping with the characteristics of wide heat treatment furnace points such as a steel rolling heating furnace and the like, has high feasibility and good economy, and meets the actual requirements of 'carbon peak, carbon neutralization' and 'ultra-low emission of iron and steel enterprises' and the like on green low-carbon development requirements and also meets the requirements of enterprises on cost reduction and synergy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas distribution system according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a combustion reaction furnace; 2. a burner; 3. a gas branch pipe; 4. an air branch pipe; 5. a flue gas main pipe; 6. a chimney; 7. a flue gas taking pipe; 8. a flue gas analyzer; 9. a gas taking pipe; 10. a gas analyzer; 11. a gas pressurizing machine; 12. a gas cabinet; 13. and (5) an air inlet pipe network.
Detailed Description
Satisfy SO 2 The gas blending method meeting the requirements of standard emission and heat value comprises the following specific steps:
1) According to the components of each gas to be burned and the SO gas after burning 2 The actual value and the theoretical emission limit are respectively measured and calculated for the actual total sulfur content and the maximum allowable value of various gases to be burned, and the specific calculation mode can be referred to as follows: dry flue gas SO 2 Theoretical emission allowance x 21/(21-reference oxygen), SO in wet flue gas 2 =dry flue gas SO 2 X (100-moisture content of wet flue gas)/100, elemental S in wet flue gas = SO in wet flue gas 2 X 32/64, maximum allowable value = S element in wet flue gas x theoretical wet flue gas amount; actual total sulfur content of gas to be burned = post-combustion flue gas SO 2 Actual value x maximum allowable value/theoretical emission allowance; wherein the components of the gas to be burned can be analyzed by a gas analyzer in real time on line or off line; flue gas SO after burning 2 The actual value is obtained by CEMS on-line monitoring and conversion;
2) According to the actual total sulfur content and the maximum allowable value of each gas to be burned, dividing each gas to be burned into two types of gas with exceeding sulfur standard and low sulfur, and mixing at least one of the two types of gas, and then mixing the gas to obtain flue gas SO 2 Not exceeding theoretical discharge limit, and obtaining various mixed gas proportions; in addition, to ensure that there is no excess, it is generally ranked below theoryThe set emission limits of the emission limits are mixed, for example set emission limit = theoretical emission limit x 90%, or set emission limit = theoretical emission limit-5 mg/Nm 3 Etc.;
3) According to the heat value requirement, classifying the mixed gas into a heat value standard-reaching group and a heat value non-standard-reaching group, supposing that at least one mixed gas in the two groups is mixed and blended until the heat value requirement is met, and finally, supplying each gas to be burned to a heating furnace according to the mixing and blending result in proportion.
In a preferred embodiment, the gas to be burned comprises coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, converter gas and natural gas.
In addition, if no sulfur exceeding standard gas exists in the step 2), the mixed gas does not need to be obtained, and the step 3) is directly carried out by replacing the mixed gas with the gas to be burned, and then the mixed gas is prepared according to the method in the step 3); if the heat value of the gas to be burned meets the standard, the gas to be burned does not need to be blended or can be blended in any mode.
As shown in fig. 1, one satisfies SO 2 The gas allocation system meeting the emission standards and the heat value requirements comprises a combustion reaction furnace 1, a chimney 6, a gas cabinet 12, a flue gas analyzer 8 and a gas analyzer 10, wherein the combustion reaction furnace 1 is provided with a burner 2 which is connected with a gas branch pipe 3 and an air branch pipe 4 for providing combustion and combustion-supporting gas, the gas inlet end of the gas branch pipe 3 is connected to the gas cabinet 12, the gas inlet end of the gas cabinet 12 is connected with a gas inlet pipe network 13, and the middle part of the gas branch pipe 3 is also provided with a gas pressurizing machine 11; the gas outlet of the combustion reaction furnace 1 is connected to a chimney 6 through a flue gas main pipe 5; the gas branch pipe 3 is connected with a gas taking pipe 9 and connected to a gas analyzer 10, and the middle part of the chimney 6 is connected with a flue gas taking pipe 7 and connected to a flue gas analyzer 8 for gas taking detection.
The combustion reaction furnace 1 can be a heating furnace and mainly comprises a furnace body, an air supply system, a combustion system (a plurality of air burners are arranged in a hearth), a smoke exhaust system and the like. The main purpose is to ensure that coal gas is fully combusted in the furnace, the material in the furnace is heated, the temperature of the hearth is controlled to be between 800 and 1300 ℃, and the material does not influence the smoke components in the heating process; of course, the combustion reaction furnace 1 may be a steel rolling heating furnace, a heat treatment furnace, or the like;
the burner 2 is used for proportionally mixing the coal gas and the air which are sent through the coal gas branch pipe and the air branch pipe, and sending the mixture into a combustion reaction furnace for combustion, so as to heat materials;
the chimney 6 is only used for exhausting, so that an induced draft fan can be used instead;
the smoke taking pipe 7 is used for collecting smoke from a chimney and conveying the smoke to a smoke analyzer, and corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel, polytetrafluoroethylene and the like are adopted, so that the smoke taking pipe is suitable for having an electric tracing function, meets the related CEMS analysis sampling requirement, and ensures that the components of the smoke are not changed in the conveying process;
the flue gas analyzer 8 may employ a CEMS on-line monitoring system for detecting the composition of flue gas (SO 2 、O 2 ) The technical requirements of the extraction type cold dry method are met with the requirements of related CEMS, and the technical performance is suitable for meeting the requirements that the repeatability error Cv is less than or equal to 1% and the linearity error is less than or equal to 1% FS;
the gas taking pipe 9 is used for collecting gas from the gas branch pipe and conveying the gas to the gas analyzer, and corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel, polytetrafluoroethylene and the like are preferably adopted;
the gas analyzer 10 is used for detecting H in the gas to be burned in real time or off-line 2 、CH 4 、CO、C n H m 、CO 2 、O 2 、N 2 、H 2 The O content and the technical performance are suitable for meeting the requirements that the repeatability error Cv is less than or equal to 1 percent and the linearity error is less than or equal to 1 percent FS;
the gas pressurizing machine 11 is used for pressurizing mixed gas to about 10kpa and then sending the mixed gas into the combustion reaction furnace so as to meet the combustion control requirement;
the gas tank 12 is used for mixing and buffering the gases to be burned;
in an alternative structure, the air inlet pipe network 13 includes a plurality of to-be-burned gas branch pipes, and each branch pipe is provided with a flow regulating valve for realizing the allocation, and of course, the mixed gas according to the calculated proportion can also be realized by adopting other existing modes.
Examples:
the fuel for the horse steel rolling heating furnace mainly comprises blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, converter gas and natural gas; the actual value and the maximum allowable value of the total sulfur content of various fuels are calculated as follows:
the measuring and calculating principle is as follows: by back-pushing combustion flue gas, i.e. based on the gas composition and SO of the flue gas after combustion 2 The actual value (the calculated value in the line cems) and the emission limit, and the actual value and the maximum allowable value of the total sulfur content in the gas are deduced through the related combustion and material balance calculation.
Table 1: summary of four fuel components and heating value
Taking coke oven gas as an example:
according to GBT13338-2018, "basic rules for determination and calculation of Heat balance of Industrial Fuel ovens", related combustion substance balance calculation model:
theoretical dry air amount l0g=0.0238 (H 2 s +CO s )+0.0952×CH 4 s +0.0476×3×CmHn s -0.0476×O 2 s
Theoretical smoke volume v0=0.01 (CO s +3CH 4 s +3CmHn s +CO 2 s +H 2 s +N 2 s +H 2 O s )+0.79×L0g
Theoretical wet smoke volume v0s=v0+0.00124×gk×l0g
Moisture content H of wet flue gas 2 O 、s ＝0.01((2CH 4 s +H 2 s +CmHn s +H 2 O s )+0.00124×gk×a×L0g)/Vns×100
Substitution calculation results in:
table 2: coke oven gas composition and combustion parameter summary table (%), V/V)
Note that: water content H of gas 2 O s The volume water content is 3.79% under the saturated state according to the gas temperature of 30 ℃. Dry airMoisture content gk: 20.09g/Nm 3 The temperature of the wet bulb is calculated by showing the temperature of the dry bulb at 30 ℃ and the temperature of the wet bulb at 25 ℃ by a hygrometer.
Estimating the maximum allowable value of total sulfur of coke oven gas: according to 4 months 2019, the opinion about ultra-low emission of the steel industry of propulsion implementation issued by the ecological environment department is expressed by oxygen-folding 8% (GB 28665-2012 specifies that under 8% of reference oxygen), dry flue gas SO 2 Discharge limit 50mg/Nm 3 Calculating; at the oxygen of 0 percent, dry flue gas SO 2 ＝50×21/(21-8)＝81mg/Nm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the SO in wet flue gas 2 =81× (100-wet flue gas moisture content)/100=60.35 mg/Nm 3 Where S element = SO in wet flue gas 2 ×32/64＝30mg/Nm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S element in gas = S element in wet flue gas x theoretical wet flue gas volume = 30 x 4.438 = 134mg/Nm 3 That is, the gas should meet the requirement of flue gas SO 2 Less than 50mg/Nm 3 Is required to have a total sulfur content of less than 134mg/Nm 3 。
Calculating the total sulfur actual value of the coke oven gas: if flue gas SO 2 The actual value (conversion reference value in on-line CEMS) was 93mg/Nm 3 The actual value of total sulfur in the gas=134/50×93=250 mg/Nm 3 。
SO in flue gas generated by blast furnace gas, converter gas and natural gas 2 The actual values are respectively: blast furnace gas 37mg/Nm 3 19mg/Nm of converter gas 3 3mg/Nm of natural gas 3 The summary table obtained by the above method for calculating coke oven gas is as follows:
table 3: total sulfur actual value and maximum allowable value summary table
From the aspect of actual production environment-friendly safety control, SO is adopted 2 The discharge limit was 45mg/Nm 3 And taking the calculated total sulfur assurance value of each gas as a reference to carry out production control.
Control logic: if the total sulfur actual value of each single gas is smaller than the guaranteed value, the smoke generated by heating the single gas or the mixed gas can reach the emission standard;
table 4: total sulfur actual value and guaranteed value summary table
The total sulfur actual value of the coke oven gas is larger than the guaranteed value, and the standard discharge can be realized by adjusting the gas proportion, and the specific proportion is calculated as follows:
adding blast furnace gas, 1 unit volume of coke oven gas into the furnace gas
=129/10=12.94 unit volume, coke oven/blast furnace mixture heat value 1060kcal/Nm 3 ；
Adding converter gas, wherein the converter gas quantity required to be added for 1 unit volume of coke oven gas is 129/41=3.15 unit volume, and the heat value of the coke oven/converter mixed gas is 2126kcal/Nm 3 ；
Natural gas is added, the natural gas quantity required to be added for 1 unit volume of coke oven gas is 129/271=0.48 unit volume, and the heat value of the coke oven/natural gas mixture is 5078kcal/Nm 3 。
Table 5: gas blending summary table meeting standard emission requirements
Meet the gas calorific value allocation strategy under standard discharge
The combustion heat value requirement is 2400kcal/Nm 3 It can be seen that the above coke oven/blast furnace and coke oven/converter gas mixtures have lower heat values, and the coke oven/natural gas mixtures with higher heat values need to be added to meet the heat value requirements.
1 unit volume of coke oven/blast furnace gas mixture to be added in the coke oven/natural gas mixture amount= (2400-1060)/(5078-2400) = 0.5004 unit volume, and the ratio of various gases in the gas mixture is as follows: 27.35% of coke oven gas, 61.87% of blast furnace gas and 10.79% of natural gas.
1 unit volume of coke oven/converter gas mixture to be added in the coke oven/natural gas mixture = (2400-2126)/(5078-2400) =0.1025 unit volume, and the ratio of various gases in the gas mixture is as follows: 28.15 percent of coke oven gas, 68.84 percent of converter gas and 3.01 percent of natural gas.
Table 6: formulation summary table meeting heat value requirement
The two proportions can meet the heat value requirement and SO simultaneously 2 The standard emission is achieved by simply modifying the blending equipment directly on the original heating furnace, as shown in fig. 1, mainly adding a gas tank 12, a branch pipe capable of respectively adjusting flow, and a gas analyzer 10 with a sampling pipeline (the original heating furnace also has the analyzing equipment).
At present, the method has been successfully tried in a horse steel four-steel rolling 2250 heating furnace, and the scientificity, accuracy and applicability effects of the method are verified, and SO is realized in a very economical way on the premise of meeting the heat value requirement 2 And (5) discharging after reaching the standard.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. Satisfy SO 2 The gas blending method meeting the requirements of standard emission and heat value is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
1) According to the components of each gas to be burned and the SO gas after burning 2 The actual value and the theoretical emission limit are respectively measured and calculated to obtain the actual total sulfur content and the maximum allowable value of various gases to be burned;
2) According to the actual total sulfur content and the maximum allowable value of each gas to be burned, dividing each gas to be burned into two types of gas with exceeding sulfur standard and low sulfur, and mixing at least one of the two types of gas, and then mixing the gas to obtain flue gas SO 2 Not exceeding theoretical discharge limit, and obtaining various mixed gas proportions;
3) According to the heat value requirement, classifying the mixed gas into a heat value standard-reaching group and a heat value non-standard-reaching group, supposing that at least one mixed gas in the two groups is mixed and blended until the heat value requirement is met, and finally, supplying each gas to be burned to a heating furnace according to the mixing and blending result in proportion.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of 2 The gas blending method meeting the requirements of standard emission and heat value is characterized in that: the components of the gas to be burned are analyzed by a gas analyzer in real time on line or off line; flue gas SO after burning 2 The actual value is obtained by CEMS on-line monitoring conversion.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of 2 The gas allocation method meeting the requirements of standard emission and heat value is characterized in that the measurement and calculation modes of the actual total sulfur content and the maximum allowable value of the gas to be burned are as follows: dry flue gas SO 2 Theoretical emission allowance x 21/(21-reference oxygen), SO in wet flue gas 2 =dry flue gas SO 2 X (100-moisture content of wet flue gas)/100, elemental S in wet flue gas = SO in wet flue gas 2 X 32/64, maximum allowable value = S element in wet flue gas x theoretical wet flue gas amount; actual total sulfur content of gas to be burned = post-combustion flue gas SO 2 Actual value x maximum allowable value/theoretical emission allowance.
4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of 2 The gas blending method meeting the requirements of standard emission and heat value is characterized in that: in the step 2), the mixed flue gas SO 2 The set emission limit is not exceeded, and the set emission limit is less than the theoretical emission limit.
5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the step of 2 The gas blending method meeting the requirements of standard emission and heat value is characterized in that: the set emission limit = theoretical emission limit x 90%.
6. A method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of 2 The gas blending method meeting the requirements of standard emission and heat value is characterized in that: the gas to be burned comprises coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, converter gas and natural gas.
7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises the step of 2 The gas blending method meeting the requirements of standard emission and heat value is characterized in that: if no sulfur exceeding gas exists in the step 2), the mixed gas does not need to be obtained, and the step 3) directly replaces the mixed gas with the gas to be burned, and then the mixed gas is prepared according to the method in the step 3); if the heat value of the gas to be burned meets the standard, the gas to be burned does not need to be prepared or prepared in any mode.
8. A gas blending system for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the gas combustion device comprises a combustion reaction furnace (1), a chimney (6), a gas cabinet (12), a flue gas analyzer (8) and a gas analyzer (10), wherein the combustion reaction furnace (1) is provided with a burner (2) which is connected with a gas branch pipe (3) and an air branch pipe (4) for providing combustion and combustion-supporting gas, the gas inlet end of the gas branch pipe (3) is connected to the gas cabinet (12), the gas inlet end of the gas cabinet (12) is connected to a gas inlet pipe network (13), and the middle part of the gas branch pipe (3) is also provided with a gas pressurizing machine (11); the gas outlet of the combustion reaction furnace (1) is connected to a chimney (6) through a flue gas main pipe (5); the gas branch pipe (3) is connected with a gas taking pipe (9) and connected to a gas analyzer (10), and the middle part of the chimney (6) is connected with a smoke taking pipe (7) and connected to a smoke analyzer (8) for gas taking detection.
9. The gas blending system of claim 8, wherein: the air inlet pipe network (13) comprises a plurality of to-be-burned gas branch pipes, and each branch pipe is provided with a flow regulating valve respectively.
10. Root of Chinese characterThe gas blending system of claim 8, wherein: the gas analyzer (10) detects H in the gas to be burned 2 、CH 4 、CO、C n H m 、CO 2 、O 2 、N 2 、H 2 O content; the flue gas analyzer (8) employs CEMS.
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| CN202310872254.1A CN116906892A (en) | 2023-07-17 | 2023-07-17 | Satisfy SO 2 Gas blending method and system for meeting emission standard and heat value requirements |
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