CN116906444A - Processing method of micro-damage-resistant bearing - Google Patents
Processing method of micro-damage-resistant bearing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116906444A CN116906444A CN202310875612.4A CN202310875612A CN116906444A CN 116906444 A CN116906444 A CN 116906444A CN 202310875612 A CN202310875612 A CN 202310875612A CN 116906444 A CN116906444 A CN 116906444A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- roller
- bearing
- oil
- pit
- rollers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 168
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004215 lattice model Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006679 Mentha X verticillata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002899 Mentha suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000001636 Mentha x rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C8/52—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/54—Carbo-nitriding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/72—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/74—Carbo-nitriding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/34—Rollers; Needles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method of a bearing resistant to fretting damage, which belongs to the technical field of bearings, and comprises a roller and a rollaway nest, and comprises the following procedures: firstly, designing a bearing roller into a hollow roller, and obtaining the geometric dimension of the roller after three-dimensional simulation optimization through a mathematical model and a physical model; secondly, carrying out a special heat treatment process on the surface of the roller, and improving the smoothness of the contact surface of the roller by grinding; thirdly), establishing a composite physical model of a sliding parallel liquid film mixed lattice liquid film rolling group with oil pit bearing rollers and rollaway nest working motions, and establishing an optimal physical model and an optimal mathematical model for continuous stable lubrication of lattice rolling liquid film groups arranged in a lattice of the oil pit, and optimizing the arrangement and the size of the oil pit on the surface of the bearing rollers; fourthly, carrying out surface special heat treatment on the raceways of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing. The invention optimizes and improves the bearing roller and the bearing roller way, and improves the micro-motion damage resistance of the bearing, the limit rotating speed of the bearing and the service life of the bearing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearings, in particular to a processing method of a bearing resistant to fretting damage.
Background
For the gear transmission device which is frequently started and stopped, is not stable in operation, has poor concentricity of bearing holes and is positioned after bearing arrangement; such as bearings of wind power gearboxes and marine gearboxes, early fretting damage phenomenon often occurs in early operation, and the service life of the whole gear transmission device is seriously influenced. For example, some designs make excellent marine gearboxes that can run through the entire design life, even longer; however, some marine gearboxes require major repairs, and some even shorter, from 2 to 3 years of use.
Bearing micro-motion damage of multi-bearing support shafting: shafting bearings are statically indeterminate, such as certain gear boxes and ship stern shaft bearings, GWC high-power marine gear box clutch component bearings, and certain industrial gear boxes. Micro-motion damage caused by unbalanced load of bearings (rolling bearing and sliding bearing): the tapered roller bearing and the cylindrical roller bearing cause micro-motion damage of the bearing due to overlarge coaxiality among bearing holes.
In order to solve the problem, besides avoiding the problem in the whole design, the bearing itself needs to be improved, and innovations are made in the bearing rollers and the bearing raceways.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a processing method of a bearing for resisting fretting damage, which optimizes and improves a bearing roller and a bearing raceway and improves the fretting damage resistance of the bearing.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a processing method of a bearing resistant to fretting damage comprises the following steps: firstly, designing a bearing roller into a hollow roller, and obtaining the geometric dimension of the roller after three-dimensional simulation optimization through a mathematical model I and a physical model I; secondly), carrying out a surface heat treatment process on the roller, and improving the smoothness of the contact surface of the roller by grinding; thirdly), establishing a physical model and a mathematical model about the oil pit, and optimizing the oil pit on the surface of the bearing roller; fourthly, uniformly distributing crossed oil pits on the surface of the bearing roller, and digging pits by adopting laser; fifth), carrying out surface heat treatment on the raceways of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing.
The roller surface heat treatment process comprises three modes of surface carburization, surface nitridation or surface carbonitriding, wherein the carburization and carbonitriding are subjected to quenching treatment, and then the surface of the bearing roller is ground.
The heat treatment process of the bearing raceway comprises the following steps: and carrying out heat treatment or surface engineering in one of four modes of surface nitriding, surface carburizing, surface carbonitriding and surface spraying ceramic materials on the inner and outer ring raceways of the bearing, wherein the carburizing and carbonitriding are required to be quenched, and then grinding the inner and outer ring raceways of the bearing.
The rollers are cylindrical rollers or tapered rollers or aligning rollers.
Establishing a hollow roller physical model, and optimizing the geometric dimension of the roller: the bearing roller is designed to be hollow in the middle, the elasticity of the bearing is increased, the elastic modulus E of the bearing roller is reduced, and the optimal inner hole diameter d is optimized 1 Bearing reductionThe impact of the roller, the inching damage, the gap between the roller and the roller path, the bearing roller slip, the overall temperature of the roller, the surface cooling area and the overall temperature are increased by the hollow center, the limit rotating speed is increased, the cooling area M is increased, the temperature drop value delta T is increased, and the limit rotating speed is increased.
Establishing a mathematical model of the hollow roller, optimizing the outer diameter and the inner hole diameter of the hollow roller,
maximum compression of bearing roller: Δd 2 ；
Cooling oil amount entering the rolling bearing: q is a group;
minimum amount of cooling oil into the rolling bearing: q (Q) 1 ；
Maximum amount of cooling oil into the rolling bearing: q (Q) 2 ；
Setting the diameter of an inner hole of a roller: d, d 1 ；
Setting the outer diameter of a roller: d, d 2 ；
Outer diameter of roller after stress deformation: d' 2 ；
Total surface area of roller
Heat exchange coefficient: c, performing operation;
temperature drop value: delta T;
maximum force of solid roller: f (F) m 。
Establishing a bearing roller oil pit lattice model, and optimizing an oil pit arrangement mode: when the oil pits are arranged in a crossing way, the lattice is arranged as the intersection of equidistant spiral lines and equidistant lines parallel to the end faces of the rollers.
Establishing a roller raceway motion physical model, and optimizing the size of an oil storage pit: when the bearing runs, the bearing rollers roll, the joint points of the bearing rollers and the inner ring roller paths and the outer ring roller paths of the bearing elastically deform, and a narrow band of high-pressure oil film with the width of H and high pressure are generatedThe narrow band of oil film is a non-Newtonian fluid and can be regarded as a rolling long and narrow plane; except for an oil inlet of the meshing point, an oil outlet of the meshing point and the wide end parts B of the two rollers generate oil sealing protrusions to form a high-pressure closed space; the thickness of an oil film between the roller and the rollaway nest is h min The thickness of the oil film between the oil sealing protrusions is h mint ；
The oil storage pit depth in the non-working state is K, and the oil storage pit depth in the working state is K t Assuming that the surface diameters of the non-working state and the working state of the oil pit are unchanged, the compression quantity K of the oil pit during working Δ ＝K-K t Oil quantity Q of overflowed lubrication Δ ＝(K-K t )πd 2 The surface of the roller has a large number of oil pits, the surface lubricating oil is increased, the friction force between the roller and the roller path is reduced, and the fretting damage is reduced.
Establishing a roller surface oil pit lattice mathematical model, optimizing the arrangement of oil pits,
roller length: b, a step of preparing a composite material;
contact width of roller and raceway: h is formed;
contact area of roller and raceway: s, S;
the diameter of the oil pit is as follows: d, a step of;
non-working state oil pit depth: k, performing K;
depth of oil pit after compression: k (K) t ；
Compression height of oil pit during operation: k (K) Δ ；K Δ ＝K-K t ；
The amount of oil spilled (i.e. the increase in oil film volume): q'. Δ ；
Total amount of oil spilled (i.e. total oil film volume increase): q (Q) Δ ；
Number of oil pits in contact area: n;
oil pit area ratio: psi;
the pitch angle of the oil pit arrangement: beta;
pitch of oil pit distribution: t is;
oil pit arrangement pitch: x;
raceway coefficient of friction: mu.
The roller is a hollow roller, a physical model and a mathematical model are established, the roller size is optimized, special heat treatment is carried out on the roller surface and the inner ring roller path, the hardness and the strength of the roller surface and the roller path surface are improved, a sliding parallel liquid film mixed lattice liquid film rolling group composite physical model for working movement of the roller and the roller path with oil storage pits is established, an optimal physical model and an optimal mathematical model for continuous stable lubrication of a lattice rolling liquid film arranged in a lattice of the oil storage pits are established, the arrangement and the size of the oil storage pits on the roller surface are optimized, and the capacity of the bearing for resisting micro-motion damage, the limit rotating speed of the bearing and the service life of the bearing are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a bearing roller design and manufacturing process;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a process for manufacturing inner and outer race raceways of a bearing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rolling bearing (physical model I);
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of three rollers (physical model I);
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the deformation of a roller under force (physical model I);
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a roller pit lattice model (physical model II) (for example, a cylindrical bearing);
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a part of a bearing roller lubrication sump roller (physical model III) (in the case of a cylindrical bearing);
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a part of a bearing roller lubrication sump roller (physical model III) (for example, a cylindrical bearing);
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a part of a carbonitriding sump roller (physical model III) (for example, a cylindrical bearing);
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a part of a carbonitriding sump roller (physical model iii) (for example, a cylindrical bearing).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
On the basis of the existing cylindrical roller bearing, tapered roller bearing, aligning roller bearing and the like, the method for solving the micro-damage of the bearing comprises the following steps: a. the bearing rollers are designed into hollow rollers, so that the rigidity of the bearing rollers is reduced, the impact force between the rollers and the roller path is reduced, and the limit rotating speed of the bearing is improved; and (3) the micro-motion injury is resisted. b. The hardness and the strength of the surface of the roller and the surface of the raceway are improved, the surface of the bearing roller is carburized, nitrided or carbonitriding, the carburization and the carbonitriding are required to be subjected to quenching treatment, and the smoothness of the contact surface of the roller is improved through grinding; can increase the limit rotation speed and resist fretting damage. c. The lubrication and bearing capacity of the roller surface and the raceway surface are improved, the thickness of the lubricating oil film between the roller surface and the raceway surface is improved, laser pit punching is adopted, crossed oil pits are uniformly distributed on the bearing roller surface, the oil pits uniformly distributed on the roller are suitable for repeated starting, the bearing is vibrated, the oil pits are elastic, lubricating oil can be extruded, the oil film volume between the roller and the raceway is increased, the lubrication of the bearing roller and the raceway can be improved, the limit rotating speed can be improved, and the fretting damage is prevented. d. Nitriding, carburizing and carbonitriding (carburizing and quenching) the inner race and the outer race, spraying ceramic materials (such as silicon carbide mirror spraying), increasing the hardness and strength of the friction surface of the bearing race, and resisting fretting damage. e. And (3) establishing a physical model and a mathematical model of the roller geometric dimension and the oil pit on the surface of the roller, and optimizing the roller geometric dimension and the arrangement and the size of the oil pit on the surface of the roller.
Establishing a mathematical model I, and optimizing the roller size: for cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, self-aligning roller bearings; the bearing roller is designed into a hollow middle (see the attached drawing), so that the bearing elasticity can be increased, the elastic modulus E of the bearing roller is reduced, and the optimal inner hole diameter d is optimized 1 The impact of the bearing roller is reduced, and the micro-motion damage is reduced. The clearance between the rollers and the raceways can be reduced, and the possibility of bearing roller slip is reduced. The total temperature of the roller can be reduced, the surface cooling area is increased by the hollow center, the total temperature is reduced, and the limit rotating speed can be increased. The cooling area M increases, the temperature drop value deltat increases,the limit rotation speed increases; the diameter of the inner hole of the roller is related to the outer diameter and bearing capacity of the roller, more heat can be taken away under the condition that the working temperature of the bearing roller is fixed (related to the limit rotating speed V), F is the bearing capacity of the bearing, and F is the vector 1 、F 2 、…F m 、…F n The acting forces of the bearing rollers to the bearing inner ring are respectively. By taking a cylindrical roller bearing as an example, see the attached drawing, the micro-damage of the bearing can be reduced.
The surface of the bearing roller is subjected to carburizing quenching or carbonitriding quenching, or is directly subjected to nitriding, then grinding is carried out according to design requirements, then oil pits are formed on the surface of the bearing roller by laser, the bearing roller is put into tiny abrasive grain sand grains for vibration, and burrs and sharp corners of the surface of the bearing roller after laser processing are ground.
As shown in fig. 1, the flow of the bearing roller design and manufacturing process is described: the cylindrical roller, the tapered roller and the aligning roller are subjected to three-dimensional simulation optimization through a mathematical model I and a physical model I to obtain the geometric dimension of the roller, and the roller has three heat treatment modes: surface carburization, surface nitriding and carbonitriding, wherein the surface carburization and the carbonitriding are subjected to quenching treatment, then surface grinding is carried out, then the geometric arrangement mode and the size of an oil pit are optimized through a mathematical model II, a physical model II (through lattice optimization) and a physical model III (through three-dimensional simulation and fluid simulation), then laser pit punching and roller finishing are carried out, and peak tips after laser machining are eliminated.
As shown in fig. 2, the characteristics of the inner and outer raceway friction surfaces of the bearing are changed: (1) Quenching after nitriding, carburizing and carbonitriding the surface of the bearing roller, and grinding the surface of the bearing roller; because the hardness of the alloy nitride layer and the carbide layer is greater than that of the bearing steel. (2) Nitriding, carburizing and carbonitriding (carburizing and quenching) the inner race and the outer race, spraying ceramic materials (such as silicon carbide mirror spraying), increasing the hardness and strength of the friction surface of the bearing race, and grinding the bearing inner race and the bearing outer race. This reduces fretting damage.
Physical model i (hollow roller bearing model):
as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the cylindrical roller bearing, tapered roller bearing and self-aligning roller shaft areA bearing; the bearing roller is designed into a hollow middle (see the attached drawing), so that the bearing elasticity can be increased, the elastic modulus E of the bearing roller is reduced, and the optimal inner hole diameter d is optimized 1 The impact of the bearing roller is reduced, and the micro-motion damage is reduced. The clearance between the rollers and the raceways can be reduced, and the possibility of bearing roller slip is reduced. The total temperature of the roller can be reduced, the surface cooling area is increased by the hollow center, the total temperature is reduced, and the limit rotating speed can be increased. The cooling area M is increased, the temperature drop value delta T is increased, and the limit rotation speed is increased; the diameter of the inner hole of the roller is related to the outer diameter and bearing capacity of the roller, more heat can be taken away under the condition that the working temperature of the bearing roller is fixed (related to the limit rotating speed V), F is the bearing capacity of the bearing, and F is the vector 1 、F 2 、…F m 、…F n The acting forces of the bearing rollers to the bearing inner ring are respectively.
Physical model II (oil pit lattice model):
as shown in fig. 6, the bearing roller oil pit lattice model, oil pit arrangement: when the oil pits are arranged in a crossing (helix angle beta), the oil pit distance x and the oil pit depth t have optimal values, and the oil pits are arranged in a lattice (the crossing points of equidistant spiral lines and equidistant lines parallel to the end faces of the rollers) because the oil pits are uniformly distributed and continuous when the rollers are contacted with the roller paths; the comprehensive load bearing, antifriction and lubrication performance of the rolling bearing are optimized; and is related to the width H of the contact between the bearing roller and the raceway (calculated using the hertz stress formula).
Physical model iii (roller race motion model):
as shown in fig. 7, 8, 9 and 10, when the bearing is in operation, the bearing rollers roll, the joint points of the bearing rollers and the inner ring raceways and the outer ring raceways of the bearing are elastically deformed, a narrow band of high-pressure oil film with the width of H is generated, and the narrow band of the high-pressure oil film is a non-newtonian fluid and can be regarded as a long and narrow rolling plane. Except for an oil inlet of the meshing point, an oil outlet of the meshing point and the wide end parts B of the two rollers generate oil sealing protrusions to form a high-pressure closed space; the thickness of an oil film between the roller and the rollaway nest is h min The thickness of the oil film between the oil sealing protrusions is h mint 。
Because the surface of the bearing roller is provided with optimal oil pit and oil pit diameter and depth in an arrangement mode, high-pressure oil storage points are generated when the bearing operates. Through laser processing, tiny oil pits are distributed on the surface of the roller, the joint surface deforms when the roller runs to form a long and narrow plane, the depth of the tiny oil pits becomes shallow, lubricating oil in the oil pits overflows the oil pits, high pressure is generated by the lubricating oil in the oil pits, the bearing roller rolls to generate a high pressure oil film, the bearing roller is a non-Newtonian fluid, the bearing roller can be regarded as a rolling long and narrow plane, and a rotating high pressure oil mass can be generated in the oil pits and can be regarded as a rolling steel ball, so that the gluing resistance and the pitting resistance of the joint surface are improved; especially when the bearing is running at low speed.
The oil storage pit depth in the non-working state is K, and the oil storage pit depth in the working state is K t Assuming that the surface diameters of the oil sump in the non-working state and the working state are d unchanged (the oil sump diameter is related to the diameter of the bearing roller), the compression quantity K of the oil sump is calculated during working Δ ＝K-K t Oil quantity Q of overflowed lubrication Δ ＝(K-K t )πd 2 The amount of lubrication oil on the surface of the roller increases, i.e. the oil film volume increases and the friction coefficient mu decreases. The surface of the roller is provided with a plurality of oil pits, the surface lubricating oil is increased, the friction force between the roller and the roller path is reduced, and the fretting damage can be reduced. The surface temperature of the roller is reduced during operation, so that the limit rotation speed can be increased.
Mathematical model i:
maximum compression of bearing roller: Δd 2 ；
Cooling oil amount entering the rolling bearing: q is a group;
minimum amount of cooling oil into the rolling bearing: q (Q) 1 ；
Maximum amount of cooling oil into the rolling bearing: q (Q) 2 ；
Setting the diameter of an inner hole of a roller: d, d 1 ；
Setting the outer diameter of a roller: d, d 2 ；
Outer diameter of roller after stress deformation:d’ 2 ；
total surface area of roller
Heat exchange coefficient: c, performing operation;
temperature drop value: delta T;
maximum force of solid roller: f (F) m 。
Design, efficiency and mathematical model of oil pit on surface of bearing roller: oil storage pits are uniformly distributed on the surface of the roller according to design requirements by means of laser and the like, the oil storage pits are uniformly distributed on the roller according to the following design requirements, the oil storage pits are suitable for repeated starting, the bearing is vibrated, the oil storage pits are elastic, and lubricating oil can be extruded. The lubrication of the bearing rollers and the roller paths can be improved, and the fretting damage can be reduced. The fatigue life of the bearing can be prolonged, the service life of the bearing can be prolonged, and the limit rotating speed of the bearing can be improved.
The shape, density, size and depth of the oil storage pits are determined, and according to a mathematical model II, the oil storage hole depth and the distance of the cylindrical micro pits have great influence on the oil film pressure distribution and the bearing capacity friction force of the rolling bearing roller (as shown in figure 5). The arrangement mode of the oil storage pit is as follows: when the oil pits are arranged in a crossing (helix angle beta) (as shown in fig. 6), the oil pit distance x and the oil pit depth t have optimal values, and the oil pits are arranged in a lattice (the crossing points of equidistant spiral lines and equidistant lines parallel to the end faces of the rollers) because the oil pits are uniformly distributed and continuous when the rollers are contacted with the roller paths; the comprehensive load bearing, antifriction and lubrication performance of the rolling bearing are optimized; and is related to the width H of the contact between the bearing roller and the raceway (calculated using the hertz stress formula).
The oil storage pit depth in the non-working state is K, and the oil storage pit depth in the working state is K t Assuming that the surface diameters of the oil sump in the non-working state and the working state are d unchanged (the oil sump diameter is related to the diameter of the bearing roller), the compression quantity K of the oil sump is calculated during working Δ ＝K-K t Oil quantity Q of overflowed lubrication Δ ＝(K-K t )πd 2 The surface of the roller having an increased amount of lubrication, i.e. increased oil film volume, coefficient of frictionMu drop. The surface of the roller is provided with a plurality of oil pits, the surface lubricating oil is increased, the friction force between the roller and the roller path is reduced, and the fretting damage can be reduced. The surface temperature of the roller is reduced during operation, so that the limit rotation speed can be increased.
Mathematical model II:
roller length: b, a step of preparing a composite material;
contact width of roller and raceway: h is formed;
contact area of roller and raceway: s, S;
the diameter of the oil pit is as follows: d, a step of;
non-working state oil pit depth: k, performing K;
depth of oil pit after compression: k (K) t ；
Compression height of oil pit during operation: k (K) Δ ；K Δ ＝K-K t
The amount of oil spilled (i.e. the increase in oil film volume): q'. Δ ；
Total amount of oil spilled (i.e. total oil film volume increase): q (Q) Δ ；
Number of oil pits in contact area: n;
oil pit area ratio: psi;
the pitch angle of the oil pit arrangement: beta; the optimum value is that the friction coefficient of the rollaway nest reaches the minimum value, and the pitch of the oil pit distribution is as follows: t is; the distribution continuity of the oil storage holes during contact is related;
oil pit arrangement pitch: x; the optimal value, namely the friction coefficient of the roller path reaches the minimum value, is related to the uniform distribution continuity of oil pits during contact;
raceway coefficient of friction: mu.
The roller is a hollow roller, a physical model and a mathematical model are established, the roller size is optimized, special heat treatment is carried out on the roller surface and the inner ring roller path and the outer ring roller path, the hardness and the strength of the roller surface and the roller path surface are improved, a sliding parallel liquid film mixed dot matrix liquid film rolling group composite physical model (physical model II and III) for working movement of the roller and the roller path with oil storage pits is established, an optimal physical model and an optimal mathematical model (mathematical model II) for continuous and stable lubrication of dot matrix rolling liquid films arranged in a dot matrix of the oil storage pits are established, the arrangement and the size of the oil storage pits on the roller surface are optimized, and the capacity of the bearing for resisting micro-motion damage and the limit rotating speed and the service life of the bearing are improved.
Claims (9)
1. A processing method of a bearing resistant to fretting damage comprises roller processing and raceway processing, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: firstly, designing a bearing roller into a hollow roller, and obtaining the geometric dimension of the roller after three-dimensional simulation optimization through a mathematical model I and a physical model I; secondly), carrying out a surface heat treatment process on the roller, and improving the smoothness of the contact surface of the roller by grinding; thirdly), establishing a physical model and a mathematical model about the oil pit, and optimizing the oil pit on the surface of the bearing roller; fourthly, uniformly distributing crossed oil pits on the surface of the bearing roller, and digging pits by adopting laser; fifth), carrying out surface heat treatment on the raceways of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing.
2. The method for machining the bearing resistant to fretting damage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the roller surface heat treatment process comprises three modes of surface carburization, surface nitridation or surface carbonitriding, wherein the carburization and carbonitriding are subjected to quenching treatment, and then the surface of the bearing roller is ground.
3. The method for machining the bearing resistant to fretting damage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heat treatment process of the bearing raceway comprises the following steps: and carrying out heat treatment or surface engineering in one of four modes of surface nitriding, surface carburizing, surface carbonitriding and surface spraying ceramic materials on the inner and outer ring raceways of the bearing, wherein the carburizing and carbonitriding are required to be quenched, and then grinding the inner and outer ring raceways of the bearing.
4. An anti-fretting bearing as in claim 1The processing method of (2) is characterized in that: establishing a hollow roller physical model, and optimizing the geometric dimension of the roller: the bearing roller is designed to be hollow in the middle, the elasticity of the bearing is increased, the elastic modulus E of the bearing roller is reduced, and the optimal inner hole diameter d is optimized 1 The impact of the bearing roller is reduced, the micro-motion damage is reduced, the gap between the roller and the roller path is reduced, the slippage of the bearing roller is reduced, the total temperature of the roller is reduced, the surface cooling area is increased by the hollow center, the total temperature is reduced, the limit rotating speed is improved, the cooling area M is increased, the temperature drop value delta T is increased, and the limit rotating speed is increased.
5. The method for machining the bearing resistant to fretting damage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a mathematical model of the hollow roller, optimizing the outer diameter and the inner hole diameter of the hollow roller,
maximum compression of bearing roller: Δd 2 ；
Cooling oil amount entering the rolling bearing: q is a group;
minimum amount of cooling oil into the rolling bearing: q (Q) 1 ；
Maximum amount of cooling oil into the rolling bearing: q (Q) 2 ；
Setting the diameter of an inner hole of a roller: d, d 1 ；
Setting the outer diameter of a roller: d, d 2 ；
Outer diameter of roller after stress deformation: d' 2 ；
Total surface area of roller
Heat exchange coefficient: c, performing operation;
temperature drop value: delta T;
maximum force of solid roller: f (F) m 。
6. The method for machining the bearing resistant to fretting damage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a bearing roller oil pit lattice model, and optimizing an oil pit arrangement mode: when the oil pits are arranged in a crossing way, the lattice is arranged as the intersection of equidistant spiral lines and equidistant lines parallel to the end faces of the rollers.
7. The method for machining the bearing resistant to fretting damage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a roller raceway motion physical model, and optimizing the size of an oil storage pit: when the bearing is in operation, the bearing rollers roll, the joint points of the bearing rollers and the inner ring roller paths and the outer ring roller paths of the bearing are elastically deformed, a narrow band of high-pressure oil film with the width of H is generated, and the narrow band of the high-pressure oil film is non-Newtonian fluid and can be regarded as a rolling long and narrow plane; except for an oil inlet of the meshing point, an oil outlet of the meshing point and the wide end parts B of the two rollers generate oil sealing protrusions to form a high-pressure closed space; the thickness of an oil film between the roller and the rollaway nest is h min The thickness of the oil film between the oil sealing protrusions is h mint ；
The oil storage pit depth in the non-working state is K, and the oil storage pit depth in the working state is K t Assuming that the surface diameters of the non-working state and the working state of the oil pit are unchanged, the compression quantity K of the oil pit during working Δ ＝K-K t Oil quantity Q of overflowed lubrication Δ ＝(K-K t )πd 2 The surface of the roller has a large number of oil pits, the surface lubricating oil is increased, the friction force between the roller and the roller path is reduced, and the fretting damage is reduced.
8. The method for machining the bearing resistant to fretting damage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a roller surface oil pit lattice mathematical model, optimizing the arrangement of oil pits,
roller length: b, a step of preparing a composite material;
contact width of roller and raceway: h is formed;
contact area of roller and raceway: s, S;
the diameter of the oil pit is as follows: d, a step of;
non-working state oil pit depth: k, performing K;
depth of oil pit after compression: k (K) t ；
Compression height of oil pit during operation: k (K) Δ ；K Δ ＝K-K t ；
The amount of oil spilled (i.e. the increase in oil film volume): q'. Δ ；
Total amount of oil spilled (i.e. total oil film volume increase): q (Q) Δ ；
Number of oil pits in contact area: n;
oil pit area ratio: psi;
the pitch angle of the oil pit arrangement: beta;
pitch of oil pit distribution: t is;
oil pit arrangement pitch: x;
raceway coefficient of friction: mu.
9. The method for machining the bearing resistant to fretting damage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the rollers are cylindrical rollers or tapered rollers or aligning rollers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310875612.4A CN116906444A (en) | 2023-07-17 | 2023-07-17 | Processing method of micro-damage-resistant bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310875612.4A CN116906444A (en) | 2023-07-17 | 2023-07-17 | Processing method of micro-damage-resistant bearing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116906444A true CN116906444A (en) | 2023-10-20 |
Family
ID=88350571
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310875612.4A Pending CN116906444A (en) | 2023-07-17 | 2023-07-17 | Processing method of micro-damage-resistant bearing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116906444A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-07-17 CN CN202310875612.4A patent/CN116906444A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7090405B2 (en) | Tapered roller bearings and gear shaft support devices | |
| US6524212B2 (en) | Toroidal-type continuously variable transmission for automobiles | |
| US8955225B2 (en) | Method for producing an actuator | |
| CN111919040B (en) | Tapered roller bearing | |
| JP2009185943A (en) | Thrust roller bearing | |
| CN112112888B (en) | Micro-texture self-driven oil drop grease lubrication ball bearing and micro-texture processing method thereof | |
| KR101271788B1 (en) | Pulley support structure for belt-drive continuously variable transmission and belt-drive continuously variable transmission | |
| CN105864285A (en) | Microtextured aero joint bearing and manufacture method thereof | |
| JP6934728B2 (en) | Tapered roller bearing | |
| CN100472079C (en) | Roller thrust bearing | |
| CN116906444A (en) | Processing method of micro-damage-resistant bearing | |
| JP3956514B2 (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| US7484894B2 (en) | Tapered roller bearing an automotive pinion shaft supporting apparatus utilizing same tapered roller bearing | |
| JP2023155324A (en) | tapered roller bearing | |
| JP2008151236A (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| JP7449059B2 (en) | tapered roller bearing | |
| WO2021054279A1 (en) | Tapered roller bearing | |
| US20040132579A1 (en) | Roller bearing and method of making the same | |
| JP2006105323A (en) | Ball bearing | |
| JP4114422B2 (en) | Rolling bearing for belt type continuously variable transmission | |
| JP7405544B2 (en) | tapered roller bearing | |
| JP7449058B2 (en) | tapered roller bearing | |
| CN109989996A (en) | Particularly for the mixing ball bearing of coolant compressor | |
| TWI833113B (en) | Angled ball bearings | |
| JPH09264328A (en) | Rolling bearing |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |