CN116903627B - 一种咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/53—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有通式(I)的咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物,其结构式为:本发明还提供了上述咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物的制备方法及其上述衍生物或其异构体、或其可药用盐、或其前药分子在制备用于治疗癌症的药物中的用途。本发明的咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物为具有高抗肿瘤活性的新化合物,该类化合物单用或与其他药物联用可用于抗肿瘤治疗。与具有类似结构的衍生物相比,本发明的衍生物具有更低的毒性、更好的c‑MET激酶活性和更强的抗肿瘤活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,涉及用于治疗癌症的咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物及其制备和应用。
背景技术
用于癌症治疗的药物中含有硫代酰胺结构的化合物实例很少。这是因为硫原子比氧原子多一个电子层,原子核对最外层的电子的引力较弱,因此在共振结构中硫的电子离域能力更强,容易发生极化变形,使得硫代羰基键C=S比羰基键C=O长、硫代酰胺中的C-N键比酰胺短。与酰胺相比,硫代酰胺是弱的氢键受体,因此用硫代酰胺作为酰胺的生物电子等排体会降低其氢键受体的能力,加之硫原子的体积远大于氧原子,往往使得硫代酰胺结构的分子和靶点结合时容易脱靶,失去相应酰胺化合物具有的抗肿瘤活性。和氧原子相比,硫原子具有更好的供电子特性,因此处于碳-硫双键中的硫原子容易和具有空轨道的金属离子配位结合或在其他缺电子基团作用下,降低C=S键的键能,发生C=S键的断裂,相同条件下C=O则难以发生这样的反应。硫比较容易被氧化,在酸性、碱性或高温条件下,硫代酰胺的稳定性弱于相应的酰胺。因此罕有文献报道在抗肿瘤药物研发过程中用硫代酰胺取代酰胺的实例。一般来说,用硫代酰胺替换酰胺所得到的药物分子大概率会降低其抗肿瘤活性。
2005年,科学家发现了第三种内源性气体信号分子硫化氢,是继一氧化氮和一氧化碳之后的第3种内源性气体信使分子,对人类的健康具有极其重要的作用,它可以在短时间内迅速地跨越细胞膜,不仅具有舒张血管、保护心脏、抗炎、抗氧化的生理学作用,还具有抗肿瘤的功能(PLoS One,2011,6(6):e21077;Antioxid Redox Signal,2014,20(5):831-846),其抗肿瘤细胞的钟状模型(bell-shapled model)已被广泛证实(Nat Rev DrugDiscov,2016,15(3):185-203;Antioxid Redox Signal,2019,31(1):1-38)。含有硫化氢供体结构的化合物在水解后释放的硫化氢,不仅可以抑制NF-κB的激活,降低NF-κB靶向蛋白表达而诱导黑色素瘤B6F10细胞凋亡,还可以上调Fas相关死亡域蛋白(FADD)的表达而抑制体内黑色素瘤生长(Cell Death Dis.2020,11(1),33)。也有报道认为,硫化氢可以通过促进肿瘤细胞摄取葡萄糖而加快糖酵解并产生乳酸,扰乱细胞内的酸外排,引起肿瘤细胞内的酸化,从而抑制肿瘤细胞生长。其还可以抑制线粒体功能,激活细胞凋亡通路,阻滞细胞周期于G1/S期而发挥抗肿瘤效果(Br.J.Pharmacol.,2014,171(18),4322-36)。通过靶向递送硫化氢到肿瘤微环境进行抗肿瘤免疫治疗已被开发为新的肿瘤免疫治疗策略【Progressin Biomedical Engineering,2022,4(2),art.no.022001】。内源性的硫化氢还可以协同增强药物的抗肿瘤活性【CN105168241B】。
上世纪早期科学家已证实在酸性或碱性条件下硫代酰胺水解能释放出硫化氢【Journal of the American Chemical Society,1957,79:2684–2690】。本发明的硫代酰胺衍生物在酶的作用下发生水解释放出硫化氢分子,具备硫化氢分子供体的特性,有可能具有协同抗肿瘤活性。
c-Met信号通路在多种类型的实体瘤,如肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、乳腺癌等中均存在异常表达或突变,在多种肿瘤的发生发展中发挥了重要的作用。c-Met目前作为一个有潜力的肿瘤治疗靶点,c-Met抑制剂的研究现已成抗肿瘤药物研究发展的热点领域。而小分子c-Met抑制剂抗肿瘤药物以其作用机制清晰,合成简便易于修饰等优点成为最具潜力的抗肿瘤药物。小分子c-Met抑制剂通过作用于c-Met受体,抑制c-Met结合域磷酸化,阻止酪氨酸激酶活化从而达到抑制下游信号传导产生抗肿瘤作用。c-Met抑制剂类药物较传统抗肿瘤药物具有的毒副作用性低,疗效确切等优点,使得c-Met抑制剂类抗肿瘤药物的不断推陈出新。
2020年5月6日FDA批准c-MET抑制剂卡玛替尼(Capmatinib)上市,用于治疗携带异常的间质上皮转化(c-MET)基因外显子14跳跃突变的、已扩散转移且无法通过手术移除的非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者。但卡玛替尼的毒性偏大,有一些不可忽视的副作用,比如间质性肺病/肺炎、肝毒性、外周水肿、肾毒性等。
卡玛替尼(Capmatinib)结构式为:
通过对卡玛替尼进行结构改造后,我们意外发现其硫代酰胺衍生物在激酶抑制和体外肿瘤细胞增殖抑制方面具有更好的活性,随后经过优选的硫代酰胺衍生物在小鼠移植瘤模型上也体现出更强的治疗效果和更低的毒性。
半数致死剂量LD50可用于评价药物的毒性大小,其值越小,相应的药物毒性就越高。此外,测试化合物对Vero细胞的体外增值抑制活性,也可以反映出化合物的细胞毒性,试验测定的IC50值越大,说明化合物的细胞毒性就越低。半数致死剂量LD50以及体外Vero细胞增殖抑制活性测试证明,本发明所述的硫代酰胺衍生物和卡玛替尼相比较毒性明显降低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于治疗癌症的咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物,所述的这种咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物及其制备方法和应用要解决现有技术中的c-MET抑制剂卡玛替尼毒性作用和副作用比较大、对于癌症的治疗效果不佳的技术问题,具体为:
本发明提供了一种用于治疗癌症的咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物,具有通式(I)的咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物或其异构体、或其可药用盐、或其前药分子的化学结构为:
通式(I)中,咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物的特征为含有硫代苯甲酰胺官能团。
通式(I)中,R1和R2可分别为氢、1-15个碳的烃基;3-8个碳的环烷基;含1-6个卤素的1-15碳的卤代烃基;6-20个碳原子的芳基、卤代芳基、酚或多元酚或其衍生物;1-15个碳原子的酰基或其衍生物;含有1-4个杂原子的5-8元的杂环或并杂环或其衍生物;此外,也包括R1和R2形成的环状结构。
通式(I)中,R3为苯环上的取代基,x代表R3的个数,x=0,1,2,3,4;x=2,3,4的时候每个取代基可以相同也可以不相同。R3可为卤素F,Cl,Br,I;羟基或羟基衍生物;硝基,氰基;氨基或胺衍生物;1-15个碳的羧酸或其衍生物;1-15个碳原子的酰基或其衍生物;1-15个碳的亚磺酰基或其衍生物;1-15个碳的磺酰基或其衍生物;磺酸基或其盐,或磺酸酯;磷酸基或其盐,或其酯;1-15个碳的烷基、烯基、炔基;3-8个碳的环烷基;含1-6个卤素的1-15碳的卤代烷基、卤代烯基或卤代炔基;6-20个碳原子的芳基、卤代芳基、酚或多元酚或其衍生物;含有1-4个杂原子的5-8元的杂环或并杂环或其衍生物。
通式(I)中,R4为苯环上的取代基,y代表R4的个数,y=0,1,2,3;y=2,3的时候每个取代基可以相同也可以不相同。R4可为卤素F,Cl,Br,I;羟基或羟基衍生物;硝基,氰基;氨基或胺基的衍生物;1-15个碳的羧酸或其衍生物;1-15个碳原子的酰基或其衍生物;1-15个碳的亚磺酰基或其衍生物;1-15个碳的磺酰基或其衍生物;磺酸基或其盐,或其酯;磷酸基或其盐,或其酯;1-15个碳的烷基、烯基、炔基或其衍生物;3-8个碳的环烷基或其衍生物;含1-6个卤素的1-15碳的卤代烷基、卤代烯基或卤代炔基;6-20个碳原子的芳基、卤代芳基、酚或多元酚或其衍生物;含有1-4个杂原子的5-8元的杂环或并杂环或其衍生物。
通式(I)中,A环是和苯环骈连的4-8元环状共轭或不共轭的、含杂原子或不含杂原子的芳环和杂环,或芳环和杂环的衍生物。
通式(I)中,L为CR5R6,羰基,亚胺或亚胺的衍生物;
当L为CR5R6时,R5或R6分别为氢、1-15个碳的烃基;羟基或其衍生物;氨基或其衍生物;卤原子;氰基;羧基或其衍生物;3-8个碳的环烷基;含1-6个卤素的1-15碳的卤代烃基;6-20个碳原子的芳基、卤代芳基、酚或多元酚或其衍生物;1-15个碳原子的酰基或其衍生物;含有1-4个杂原子的5-8元的杂环或并杂环或其衍生物;此外,也包括R5和R6形成的环状结构。
所述的一种用于治疗癌症的咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物,其优选化合物包括以下结构:
本发明所述的一种药物或药物组合物,其特征在于含有治疗有效剂量的上述咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物或其异构体、或其可药用盐、或其前药分子。进一步地,所述的一种药物或药物组合物还包括含有一种或多种药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂的情况。
本发明所述的一种用于治疗癌症的咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物的制备可以按下图所示路线进行合成:
硫代试剂可以为五硫化二磷、劳森试剂、2,4-二(甲硫基)-1,3,2,4-二噻二磷杂丁环-2,4-二硫醚、2,4-双(苯基硫基)-1,3-二硫-2,4-二磷杂环丁烷-2,4二硫化物、或者2,4-双(4-苯氧基苯基)-1,3,2,4-二硫代二磷杂环丁烷-2,4-二硫化物中的任意一种或者两种的混合;硫代反应所使用的溶剂为质子溶剂或者非质子溶剂中的任意一种或者两种的混合;硫代反应温度在-78℃~180℃范围内。
进一步地,硫代反应所使用的溶剂为二氯甲烷,二氯乙烷,四氢呋喃,乙腈,乙二醇二甲醚,1,4-二氧六环,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或者二甲亚砜中的一种或几种的混合物。
本发明所述咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物或其异构体、或其可药用盐、或其前药分子或所述药物组合物在制备治疗癌症的药物中的应用。该应用的特征在于所述癌症包括脑癌、脑胶质瘤、子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌、肺癌、前列腺癌、肝癌、白血病、淋巴癌、皮肤癌、基底细胞瘤、血管瘤、子宫癌、喉癌、胃癌、唇癌、食道癌、鼻咽癌、胆囊癌、胰腺癌、肾癌、舌癌、膀胱癌、黑素瘤、脂肪瘤、甲状腺癌、胸腺癌、骨癌。
本发明所述的一种咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物的应用,其特征在于所述衍生物或其异构体、或其可药用盐、或其前药分子与至少一种另外的抗癌药物联用在制备治疗癌症的药物中的应用。该应用的特征在于:所述另外的抗癌剂包括阿霉素类、博莱霉素、长春碱类、紫杉烷类、依托泊苷、5-氟尿嘧啶、环磷酰胺、甲氨蝶呤、顺铂、维甲酸、替莫唑胺、放线菌素、伊马替尼、吉非替尼、索拉非尼、厄洛替尼、舒尼替尼、阿法替尼、卡博替尼、奥希替尼、达拉非尼、利妥昔单抗、西妥昔单抗、曲妥珠单抗、尼伏单抗、潘利珠单抗、阿替珠单抗、度伐单抗、阿维单抗。
本发明具有以下有益效果:与卡玛替尼(capmatinib)相比较,本发明的咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物不但具有更高c-Met激酶活性和更强的抗肿瘤活性,而且其还是一种硫化氢供体分子,对抗肿瘤药物具有减毒增效的作用,使得该类化合物毒性更低,因而应用前景非常广阔。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例13所述的动物试验小鼠体重变化曲线图;
图2为本发明实施例13所述的动物试验小鼠肿瘤体积变化曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:化合物1的制备
(1).化合物1a的合成:
氮气保护下,反应瓶中依次加入6-溴-[1,2,4]三嗪基-3-胺(14.0g,80.0mmol)、4-氰基-3-氟苯硼酸频哪醇酯(23.7g,95.9mmol)、K2CO3(49.8g,360.0mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl2(2.9g,4.0mmol),170ml 1,4-二氧六环和85ml纯水,然后该混合物在80℃下加热搅拌反应3.5小时。反应结束后,反应液降温至室温,硅藻土助滤过滤,用250ml乙酸乙酯洗涤滤饼。滤液用2M的稀盐酸调pH至1~2。分液,有机相继续用250ml的稀盐酸萃取两次。合并水相且搅拌下缓慢加入NaOH固体调节pH至11~13,然后用250ml乙酸乙酯萃取三次。合并有机相,依次用饱和食盐水洗涤、无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩得8.2g灰色固体产品1a,收率:47.6%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:8.93(s,1H),8.12(dd,J=11.1,1.1Hz,1H),8.07–7.99(m,2H),7.70(brs,2H).
MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+216.1.
(2).化合物1b的合成:
氮气保护下,向反应瓶中依次加入化合物1a(2.5g,11.62mmol)、2-氯-3-喹啉-6-丙醛(5.3g,16.61mmol)和50ml乙二醇,然后在140℃加热搅拌5小时。反应完毕后,反应液用300ml二氯甲烷稀释,然后用100毫升水洗涤2次。有机相依次用饱和食盐水洗涤、无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,残余物经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:DCM/MeOH=50/1~10/1),得2.23g黄色固体产品1b,收率50.6%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:9.26(s,1H),8.85(dd,J=4.2,1.7Hz,1H),8.34–8.24(m,1H),8.22–8.13(m,1H),8.04(s,1H),8.01–7.94(m,1H),7.79(dd,J=8.6,2.1Hz,1H),7.50(dd,J=8.3,4.2Hz,1H),4.65(s,1H).
MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+381.1.
(3).化合物1c的合成:
氮气保护下,在耐压玻璃反应管中依次加入化合物1b(450.mg,1.19mmol)、4.5ml浓盐酸和0.45ml纯水,密封后在100℃下搅拌过夜。反应液冷至室温后,加入5ml水,大量灰黄色固体析出,混合物继续在0℃冷却30分钟,减压抽滤,收集滤饼并减压干燥,得到407mg黄色固体产品1c,收率:85.7%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.36ppm:9.36(s,1H),9.25(dd,J=5.3,1.5Hz,1H),9.11(dd,J=8.5,1.4Hz,1H),8.42(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),8.34(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),8.21(dd,J=8.8,1.9Hz,1H),8.15(s,1H),8.11–7.98(m,4H),4.78(s,2H).
(4).化合物1d的合成:
氮气保护下,向反应瓶中依次加入化合物1c(497.6mg,1.25mmol)、HOBT(506.7mg,3.75mmol)和25ml干燥二氯甲烷,室温搅拌溶解后再加入EDCI(718.8mg,3.75mmol),加毕,继续搅拌10分钟。最后加入甲胺盐酸盐(253mg,3.75mmol)和三乙胺(380mg,3.75mmol)。反应液室温搅拌30分钟后,薄层硅胶色谱显示反应完毕。反应液用20ml纯水洗涤两次,有机相依次用饱和食盐水洗涤、无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,得423mg黄色固体产品1d,收率:76.9%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:9.32(s,1H),9.22(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),9.04(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.44(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),8.34(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.16(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.00-8.12(m,4H),7.82(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.77(s,2H),2.81(d,J=4.4Hz,3H).MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+:413.1.
(5).化合物1的合成:
氮气保护下,向50ml耐压玻璃反应管中加入化合物1d(256mg,0.62mmol)、五硫化二磷吡啶(376.6mg,1.25mmol)和10ml吡啶,密封后在110℃加热搅拌反应12小时。反应液冷至室温,加入100ml二氯甲烷稀释,然后用50ml饱和柠檬酸水溶液洗涤四次。有机相依次用饱和食盐水洗涤、无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩所得残余物用中性氧化铝柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:DCM/MeOH=200/1~100/1),得168mg黄色固体化合物1,收率63.2%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:10.62(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),9.21(s,1H),8.84(dd,J=1.6,8.4Hz,1H),8.30(dd,J=1.6,8.4Hz,1H),7.92-8.03(m,5H),7.79(dd,J=2.0,8.8Hz,1H),7.71(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.50(dd,J=4.0,8.0Hz,1H),4.63(s,2H),3.16(d,J=4.4Hz,3H).
MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+:429.1.
实施例2:化合物2~28的制备
参考实施例1合成化合物1的方法,可以合成得到其他化合物2~20:
实施例3:化合物21、22的制备
(1).化合物21的合成:
氮气保护下,将化合物1(7.8g,18.9mmol)溶于500ml二氯甲烷和100ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,缓慢滴加磺酰氯(9.2g,68.1mmol)。滴加完毕后,反应液室温搅拌24小时。搅拌下分批加入500ml水,然后室温搅拌1小时。缓慢加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液,至pH至8左右。分液,水相用300ml二氯甲烷萃取两次。合并有机相,用饱和食盐水洗涤、无水硫酸钠干燥,随后减压浓缩。所得残余物经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:DCM/MeOH=40/1),得到1.5g黄色固体产品21,收率:21.0%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:10.63(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),9.21(s,1H),8.87(dd,J=1.6,8.4Hz,1H),8.34(dd,J=1.6,8.4Hz,1H),7.95-8.06(m,5H),7.89(dd,J=2.0,8.8Hz,1H),7.83(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.50(dd,J=4.0,8.0Hz,1H),6.57(dd,J=4.8,9.6Hz,2H),3.16(d,J=4.8Hz,3H).
MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+:445.1.
(2).化合物22的合成:
氮气保护下,将化合物21(351mg,0.82mmol)溶于300ml无水DCM中,加入Dess-Martin试剂(3.48g,8.2mmol),室温搅拌3小时。薄层硅胶色谱检测显示原料反应完毕后,加入200ml冰水淬灭反应。分液,水相用150毫升二氯甲烷萃取两次。合并有机相,依次用饱和食盐水洗涤、无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩。残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:DCM/MeOH=50/1),得200mg黄色固体化合物22,收率57.2%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:10.68(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),9.26(s,1H),8.35-8.56(m,3H),8.00-8.17(m,4H),7.98-8.14(m,2H),7.76(dd,J=4.0,8.0Hz,1H),3.15(d,J=4.8Hz,3H).
MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+:443.1.
实施例4:化合物23的制备
氮气保护下,将化合物21(100mg,0.225mmol)溶于10ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,然后加入碳酸铯(152mg,0.467mmol)和硫酸二甲酯(58.8mg,0.467mmol)。反应液在80℃搅拌8小时。反应结束后,停止搅拌,向反应液中加入50ml饱和氯化铵水溶液,然后用50ml二氯甲烷萃取三次。合并有机相,依次用饱和食盐水洗涤、无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩所得残余物用中性氧化铝柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:DCM/MeOH=100/1~50/1),得到27mg黄色固体产品23,收率:26.2%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:10.53(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),9.17(s,1H),8.45-8.56(m,2H),8.31-8.36(m,1H),8.20-8.27(m,3H),7.99(s,1H),7.94(dd,J=2.0,8.8Hz,1H),7.87-7.94(m,1H),7.66(dd,J=4.0,8.0Hz,1H),6.35(s,1H),3.47(s,3H),3.24(d,J=4.4Hz,3H).
MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+:459.1.
实施例5:化合物24的制备
氮气保护下,将化合物21(1.0g,2.33mmol)溶解在100毫升干燥二氯甲烷中,加入二氯亚砜(0.417g,3.504mmol)室温搅拌2小时。氮气保护下滴加三甲基硅氰(0.232g,2.30mmol)和四氯化钛(0.443g,2.33mmol),反应液继续搅拌2小时。反应液冷却到室温后减压浓缩,残余物中加入50毫升水,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次50毫升)。合并的有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后减压浓缩,残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:DCM/MeOH=100/1~50/1),得到148mg白色固体产物收率:14.4%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:10.65(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),9.14(s,1H),8.45-8.56(m,2H),8.31-8.36(m,1H),8.20-8.27(m,3H),7.99(s,1H),7.91(dd,J=2.0,8.8Hz,1H),7.78-7.85(m,1H),7.65(dd,J=4.0,8.0Hz,1H),6.95(s,1H),3.16(d,J=4.4Hz,3H).MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+:454.1
实施例6:化合物25的制备
将化合物22(1.0g,2.26mmol)溶解在20毫升甲醇中,加入甲胺盐酸盐(0.153g,2.26mmol)后在室温下搅拌4小时。加入氰基硼氢化钠(0.142g,2.26mmol)继续搅拌1小时。反应液用50毫升乙酸乙酯稀释后,用10%的氟化钾水溶液洗涤两次(每次50毫升),有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后浓缩,残余物经中性氧化铝柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:DCM/MeOH=100/1~50/1),得到482毫克白色固体化合物25,收率45.2%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:10.63(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),9.15(s,1H),8.36-8.50(m,3H),8.21-8.28(m,3H),7.98(s,1H),7.95(dd,J=2.0,8.8Hz,1H),7.81-7.88(m,1H),7.57(dd,J=4.0,8.0Hz,1H),6.75(s,1H),3.18(d,J=4.4Hz,3H),2.36(s,6H).
MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+:472.2
实施例7:化合物26的制备
将化合物22(1.0g,2.26mmol)溶解在20毫升甲醇中,加入氯化铵(0.121g,2.26mmol)后在室温下搅拌4小时。加入氰基硼氢化钠(0.142g,2.26mmol)继续搅拌1小时。反应液用50毫升乙酸乙酯稀释后,用10%的氟化钾水溶液洗涤两次(每次50毫升),有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后浓缩,残余物经中性氧化铝柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:DCM/MeOH=100/1~40/1),得到350毫克白色固体化合物25,收率34.9%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:10.54(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),9.16(s,1H),8.84(dd,J=1.6,8.4Hz,1H),8.31(dd,J=1.6,8.4Hz,1H),7.93-8.04(m,5H),7.83(dd,J=2.0,8.8Hz,1H),7.73(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.50(dd,J=4.0,8.0Hz,1H),5.20(s,2H),6.15-6.20(m,1H),3.24(d,J=4.4Hz,3H).
MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+:444.1
实施例8:化合物27的制备
将化合物22(1.0g,2.26mmol),甲氧胺盐酸盐(0.468g,5.60mmol),无水醋酸钠(1.23g,9.04mmol),20毫升甲醇和20毫升水的混合物置于耐压密封玻璃管中搅拌回流4小时。冷却到室温后,反应液用二氯甲烷萃取三次(每次40毫升)。合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥后浓缩,残余物经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:DCM/MeOH=50/1),得到799毫克白色固体化合物27,收率75.0%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:10.64(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),9.26(s,1H),8.32-8.53(m,3H),8.01-8.08(m,3H),7.98(s,1H),7.91(dd,J=2.0,8.8Hz,1H),7.71-7.79(m,2H),3.88(s,3H),3.14(d,J=4.8Hz,3H).
MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+:472.1
实施例9:化合物28的制备
氮气保护下,将化合物22(1.0g,2.26mmol)溶解在50毫升DCM中,然后0℃下滴加DAST(806mg,5.0mmol)。滴加完毕,反应在室温下反应12小时。当薄层硅胶色谱显示原料消耗完毕后,向溶液中小心加入水(50毫升)淬灭反应,分液。水层用二氯甲烷萃取二次(每次30毫升)。合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥后浓缩,残余物经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:DCM/MeOH=50/1),得到640毫克白色固体化合物28,收率61.0%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:10.84(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),9.33(s,1H),8.32-8.53(m,3H),8.01-8.28(m,3H),8.01(s,1H),7.95-8.01(m,2H),7.68(dd,J=4.0,8.0Hz,1H),3.32(d,J=4.4Hz,3H).
MS(+ESI):m/z[M+H]+:465.1.
实施例10:化合物的小鼠半数致死剂量(LD50)的测定
实验目的:通过对化合物1~28半数致死剂量(LD50)的测定,评估化合物的毒性。
实验方法:选取SPF级昆明种小鼠,远交封闭系,体重20±2g,雌雄各半。首先通过预实验探索各化合物的剂量范围。随后进行正式试验,在预试验所获得的0%和100%致死剂量量范围内,选用5个剂量按等比级数增减;使半数组的死亡率都在50%以上,另半数组的死亡率都在50%以下。完成动物分组和剂量计算后按组灌胃给药。记录从给药到开始出现毒性反应的时间;中毒现象及出现的先后顺序,开始出现死亡的时间;死亡集中时间;末只死亡时间。逐日记录各组死亡只数。根据试验结果数据,采用Blisss计算法计算LD50。实验结果如下:
结果显示,化合物1~28的半数致死剂量LD50均高于卡玛替尼的LD50,即化合物1~28的毒性低于卡玛替尼。
实施例11:化合物c-MET酶活性抑制评价试验
实验目的:通过激酶活性测试评估化合物的对c-MET的抑制活性;
实验方法:酶反应底物多聚谷氨酸酪氨酸钠盐(Glu:Tyr=4:1)用无钾离子的PBS(10mM磷酸钠缓冲液,150mM NaCl,pH=7.2-7.4)稀释成20μg/mL,125μL/孔包被酶标板,在37℃反应12小时后,弃去孔中液体,然后用200μL/孔的T-PBS(含0.1%Tween-20的无钾离子PBS)洗板三次,每次5分钟。然后在37℃下在烘箱中干燥酶标板2小时。
化合物最高浓度设置为3.0μM,用DMSO向下3倍稀释,一共10个浓度:3.0μM,1.0μM,0.33μM,0.11μM,0.037μM,0.012μM,0.0041μM,0.0014μM,0.00045μM,0.00015μΜ,按照三复孔方式测试。每孔先加入用反应缓冲液稀释的ATP溶液80μL,然后加入10μL各浓度的化合物(阴性对照孔加入10μL空白DMSO溶液),最后加入10μL用缓冲溶液稀释的酶溶液,在37℃的摇床上处理1小时。反应缓冲液的终浓度为HEPES(pH=7.4)50mM,MgCl2 50mM,MnCl2 0.5mM,Na3VO4 0.2mM,DTT 1mM;ATP的终浓度为4μM,酶量为1μL/孔。T-PBS洗板三次。
加入100μL/孔的抗体PY99(抗体用含BSA 5mg/mL的T-PBS稀释,浓度为0.4μg/mL),37℃下在摇床上处理0.5小时。T-PBS洗板三次。
加入100μL/孔的辣根过氧化物酶标记羊抗鼠IgG(抗体用含BSA5mg/mL的T-PBS稀释,浓度为0.5μg/mL),37℃下在摇床上处理0.5小时。T-PBS洗板三次。
加入100μL/孔的2mg/mL的OPD显色液(用含有0.03% H2O2的0.1M、pH=5.4的柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液稀释),在25℃下避光反应5分钟。
加入50μL/孔的2M H2SO4溶液终止反应,用酶标仪VERSAmax读数,波长为490nM。
样品的抑制率通过下列公式计算:
样品抑制率(%)=(1-(化合物OD值-无酶对照孔OD值)/(阴性对照孔OD值-无酶对照孔OD值))×100
结果如表1所示:
表1.化合物c-MET酶活性抑制IC50数据
结果显示,化合物1~28作为c-MET抑制剂,其激酶抑制活性与卡玛替尼相当或者更好。
实施例12:化合物对肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制作用
实验目的:利用CTG法检测化合物对MKN-45细胞、EBC-1细胞、Hs746T细胞及Vero细胞的增殖抑制活性。
实验方法:
培养肿瘤细胞系并定期传代,取处于对数生长期的细胞用于铺板。用台盼兰进行细胞染色并计数,将细胞调整至合适密度。在培养板中每孔加入50μL的细胞悬浮液,在空白对照孔中加入50μL不含细胞的培养液。然后在培养箱中预培养24小时(37℃,5%CO2,100%相对湿度)。
将样品用DMSO配成储备液,用Tecan D300e稀释化合物并加药。化合物的最高浓度为0.50μM,用DMSO进行4倍梯度稀释,每个化合物7个浓度,即:0.50μM,0.125μM,0.031μM,0.0078μM,0.0020μM,0.00049μM,0.00012μM。采用三复孔方式进行试验。
向每个孔中分别添加50μL上述各浓度的样品溶液,培养板放回培养箱中继续培养48小时后,向每孔中加入50μL的CellTiter-Glo工作液。用铝箔纸包裹细胞板以避光。将培养板在轨道摇床上振摇2分钟以诱导细胞裂解。培养板在室温放置10分钟以稳定发光信号,在2014EnVision读板器上检测发光信号。用GraphPad Prism 7处理数据以计算IC50。
实验结果如表2所示。
表2.化合物对各种肿瘤细胞增殖抑制的IC50数据
结果显示,对于MKN-45细胞、EBC-1细胞、Hs746T细胞三个肿瘤细胞,化合物1~28在体外肿瘤细胞增殖抑制活性是阳性对照卡玛替尼的2倍以上。对于Vero细胞,卡玛替尼的IC50比化合物1~28小2~3倍,说明卡玛替尼的毒性高于化合物1~28。
实施例13:化合物体内抗肿瘤实验
实验目的:研究优选化合物对人EBC-1细胞(人肺鳞癌细胞)皮下异种移植瘤小鼠模型的体内药效。
实验方法:采用人EBC-1细胞异种移植瘤模型,通过测量瘤径,计算肿瘤体积(Tumor Volume,TV)、相对肿瘤体积(Relative Tumor Volume,RTV)和相对肿瘤增殖率T/C(%)、化合物的抑瘤疗效TGI(%),评价供试品灌胃给药对人肺鳞癌细胞EBC-1异种移植瘤生长的抑制作用。实验分组及给药方案如表3所示:
表3.分组及给药方案
化合物在每天10mg/kg的剂量下,连续灌胃给药15天后,小鼠体重变化如图1所示。
如图1显示,试验终点时卡玛替尼组体重降低幅度明显高于其他组,说明卡玛替尼的毒副作用高于化合物1、16、17。
化合物的抑瘤疗效用TGI(%)或相对肿瘤增殖率T/C(%)评价。TGI(%),反映肿瘤生长抑制率。TGI(%)的计算:TGI(%)=【1-(某处理组给药结束时平均瘤体积-该处理组开始给药时平均瘤体积)/(溶剂对照组治疗结束时平均瘤体积-溶剂对照组开始治疗时平均瘤体积)】×100%。
相对肿瘤增殖率T/C(%):计算公式如下:T/C%=TRTV/CRTV×100%(TRTV:治疗组RTV;CRTV:阴性对照组RTV)。根据肿瘤测量的结果计算出相对肿瘤体积(relative tumorvolume,RTV),计算公式为RTV=Vt/V0,其中V0是分组给药时(即d0)测量所得平均肿瘤体积,Vt为某一次测量时的平均肿瘤体积,TRTV与CRTV取同一天数据。
卡玛替尼及化合物1、16、17对人肺鳞癌细胞EBC-1异种移植瘤模型的抑瘤药效评价如表4所示:
表4.抑瘤药效评价
小鼠肿瘤体积变化如图2所示。
如图2显示,试验终点时卡玛替尼组和化合物1、16、17均能有效抑制小鼠肿瘤的增长,但化合物1、16、17的抑制效果更好。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (7)
1.一种咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物,其特征在于:其化学结构为下述任意一种结构、或其可药用盐:
2.一种药物或药物组合物,其特征在于:含有治疗有效剂量的权利要求1所述的咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物、或其可药用盐。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种药物或药物组合物,其特征在于:含有一种或多种药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
4.权利要求1所述的咪唑并三嗪硫代苯甲酰胺衍生物、或者权利要求2所述的一种药物或所述药物组合物在制备治疗癌症的药物中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于:所述癌症包括脑癌、脑胶质瘤、子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌、肺癌、前列腺癌、肝癌、白血病、淋巴癌、皮肤癌、基底细胞瘤、血管瘤、子宫癌、喉癌、胃癌、唇癌、食道癌、鼻咽癌、胆囊癌、胰腺癌、肾癌、舌癌、膀胱癌、黑素瘤、脂肪瘤、甲状腺癌、胸腺癌、骨癌。
6.根据权利要求4-5中任意一项所述的应用,其特征在于:所述衍生物、或其可药用盐与至少一种另外的抗癌药物联用在制备治疗癌症的药物中的应用。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于:所述另外的抗癌剂为阿霉素类、博莱霉素、长春碱类、紫杉烷类、依托泊苷、5-氟尿嘧啶、环磷酰胺、甲氨蝶呤、顺铂、维甲酸、替莫唑胺、放线菌素、伊马替尼、吉非替尼、索拉非尼、厄洛替尼、舒尼替尼、阿法替尼、卡博替尼、奥希替尼、达拉非尼、利妥昔单抗、西妥昔单抗、曲妥珠单抗、尼伏单抗、潘利珠单抗、阿替珠单抗、度伐单抗、阿维单抗中的任意一种或者两种以上的组合。
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