CN116903190A - Efficient purification treatment method for printing and dyeing wastewater - Google Patents
Efficient purification treatment method for printing and dyeing wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013076 target substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for efficiently purifying printing and dyeing wastewater, which comprises the following steps: preliminary treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater, including removal of suspended matters, adjustment of pH value of wastewater and the like, wherein the pretreatment can be performed by precipitation, filtration and the like; performing advanced oxidation treatment on the pretreated printing and dyeing wastewater to remove organic dye and heavy metal ions in the wastewater, wherein the advanced oxidation treatment can be performed in the modes of ozone oxidation, ultraviolet catalytic oxidation and the like; after advanced oxidation treatment, the wastewater is precipitated and filtered to remove sediment and residual suspended matters generated after oxidation; the invention can efficiently remove the organic dye and heavy metal ions in the printing and dyeing wastewater through the combination of the steps of pretreatment, advanced oxidation, precipitation, filtration, adsorption treatment and the like, so that the wastewater reaches the discharge standard. Meanwhile, the method is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost and suitable for large-scale printing and dyeing wastewater treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of efficient purification of printing and dyeing wastewater, and particularly relates to a method for efficient purification treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater.
Background
The printing and dyeing wastewater refers to wastewater generated in the production process of dyes, assistants and other chemicals used in the printing and dyeing process. The main pollutants of the printing and dyeing wastewater comprise organic dye, heavy metal ions, suspended matters, pH value and the like.
Conventional printing and dyeing wastewater treatment methods include physical treatment (e.g., precipitation, filtration), chemical treatment (e.g., neutralization, oxidation), and biological treatment (e.g., activated sludge process, biofilm process). However, these conventional methods have problems of low treatment efficiency, long treatment cycle, complicated operation, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for efficiently purifying printing and dyeing wastewater, which aims to solve the problems of low treatment efficiency, long treatment period and complex operation of the traditional method in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method for efficiently purifying printing and dyeing wastewater comprises the following steps:
step one: pretreatment of
Preliminary treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater, including removal of suspended matters, adjustment of pH value of wastewater and the like, wherein the pretreatment can be performed by precipitation, filtration and the like;
step two: advanced oxidation treatment
Performing advanced oxidation treatment on the pretreated printing and dyeing wastewater to remove organic dye and heavy metal ions in the wastewater, wherein the advanced oxidation treatment can be performed in the modes of ozone oxidation, ultraviolet catalytic oxidation and the like;
step three: precipitation and filtration
After advanced oxidation treatment, the wastewater is precipitated and filtered to remove sediment and residual suspended matters generated after oxidation;
step four: adsorption treatment
Carrying out adsorption treatment on the wastewater subjected to precipitation and filtration to remove residual organic dye and heavy metal ions in the wastewater, wherein the adsorption treatment can be carried out in the modes of activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange resin adsorption and the like;
step five: neutralization and adjustment
After adsorption treatment, the wastewater is neutralized and adjusted to ensure that the pH value and chemical components of the wastewater meet the discharge standard.
The pretreatment flow is as follows:
precipitation: the suspended matters and the colloid substances in the wastewater are coagulated and precipitated by adding chemical coagulants such as ferric salt, aluminum salt and the like, so that solid-liquid separation is realized, and the precipitation can be performed by equipment such as a static sedimentation tank, a coagulating sedimentation tank and the like;
and (3) filtering: filtering suspended matters in the wastewater by using filtering equipment such as a filter screen, a filter cloth, a filter plate and the like to ensure that the suspended matters are left on the filter material, and clean water flows out through the filter material;
adjusting the pH value: according to the specific condition of the printing and dyeing wastewater, the pH value of the wastewater can be adjusted by adding an acid-base regulator, and if the wastewater is slightly acidic, alkaline substances such as sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and the like can be added to neutralize the acidity; if the wastewater is more alkaline, acidic substances such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc. may be added to neutralize the alkalinity.
The specific steps of the advanced oxidation treatment are as follows:
ozone oxidation: ozone oxidation is a strong oxidant, and can convert organic dyes and heavy metal ions into easily degradable inorganic products or precipitates, and in the ozone oxidation process, wastewater can be contacted with ozone to form active oxygen free radicals. These free radicals are highly reactive, capable of oxidizing and decomposing organic dyes, and simultaneously precipitating heavy metal ions;
ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation: the ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation utilizes the effect of ultraviolet light and a catalyst to generate highly active free radicals and oxides, the free radicals and oxides have stronger oxidizing capacity, organic dyes can be degraded, heavy metal ions are precipitated, the catalyst generally adopted comprises titanium dioxide and the like, when the ultraviolet light irradiates the surface of the catalyst, electron-hole pairs can be excited, free radical reactions are generated, and therefore the organic dyes are degraded, and the heavy metal ions are removed.
After advanced oxidation treatment of the wastewater, oxidation products and residual suspended matters can be further removed through precipitation and filtration steps, and the specific operation is as follows:
precipitation: placing the wastewater subjected to advanced oxidation treatment in a vertical or inclined tube precipitator, and allowing the wastewater to stay for a period of time to enable sediment to be precipitated to the bottom, wherein in the process, most of solid particles are precipitated downwards under the action of gravity to form a denser precipitation layer;
and (3) filtering: the wastewater is removed from the settler and physically filtered through a filter means, such as filter paper, screen or filter media, to filter the remaining suspended matter from the wastewater, making the wastewater more clear.
The specific steps of the adsorption treatment are as follows:
s1, activated carbon adsorption: activated carbon is a material with high porosity and adsorption capacity, can be used for removing organic dye and heavy metal ions in wastewater, and can adhere target substances in solution to the surface of the activated carbon by physical adsorption, so that the wastewater is purified, and the method comprises the following steps of:
fully contacting the wastewater with the activated carbon to enable the surface of the activated carbon to have adsorption effect on target substances in the wastewater;
in the process, the conditions such as pH value, temperature, contact time and the like can be properly adjusted so as to improve the adsorption effect;
after the adsorption is finished, separating the activated carbon in the wastewater from the adsorption target substances through solid-liquid separation;
the separated activated carbon may be regenerated or disposed of.
S2, ion exchange resin adsorption: the ion exchange resin is a polymer material with specific functional groups, can selectively adsorb or release specific ions or compounds, can be used for removing organic dyes and heavy metal ions in wastewater, and performs the steps of:
the wastewater is contacted with ion exchange resin which selectively adsorbs target substances, so that the target substances and the resin surface are adsorbed.
The wastewater after adsorption treatment may need to be subjected to neutralization adjustment to ensure that the pH value and chemical components thereof meet the discharge standard, and the adjustment method is as follows:
pH value adjustment:
if the pH value of the wastewater is too high, an acidic substance can be added to reduce the pH value;
if the pH value of the wastewater is too low, alkaline substances can be added to increase the pH value;
the adding amount should be carefully controlled to gradually go on when adjusting the pH value, and the target pH value is ensured to be reached;
and (3) chemical component adjustment:
if certain chemical components in the wastewater still exceed the emission standard, further treatment can be performed by adopting methods of chemical precipitation, complexing agents, oil demulsifiers and the like to remove or reduce the chemical components;
the choice of the various treatment methods depends on the specific conditions of the target chemical components in the wastewater, and needs to be chosen according to the actual conditions and to comply with relevant regulations and standards.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for efficiently purifying printing and dyeing wastewater, which has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can efficiently remove the organic dye and heavy metal ions in the printing and dyeing wastewater through the combination of the steps of pretreatment, advanced oxidation, precipitation, filtration, adsorption treatment and the like, so that the wastewater reaches the discharge standard. Meanwhile, the method is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost and suitable for large-scale printing and dyeing wastewater treatment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
a method for efficiently purifying printing and dyeing wastewater comprises the following steps:
step one: pretreatment of
Preliminary treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater, including removal of suspended matters, adjustment of pH value of wastewater and the like, wherein the pretreatment can be performed by precipitation, filtration and the like;
step two: advanced oxidation treatment
Performing advanced oxidation treatment on the pretreated printing and dyeing wastewater to remove organic dye and heavy metal ions in the wastewater, wherein the advanced oxidation treatment can be performed in the modes of ozone oxidation, ultraviolet catalytic oxidation and the like;
step three: precipitation and filtration
After advanced oxidation treatment, the wastewater is precipitated and filtered to remove sediment and residual suspended matters generated after oxidation;
step four: adsorption treatment
Carrying out adsorption treatment on the wastewater subjected to precipitation and filtration to remove residual organic dye and heavy metal ions in the wastewater, wherein the adsorption treatment can be carried out in the modes of activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange resin adsorption and the like;
step five: neutralization and adjustment
After adsorption treatment, the wastewater is neutralized and adjusted to ensure that the pH value and chemical components of the wastewater meet the discharge standard.
The pretreatment flow is as follows:
precipitation: the suspended matters and the colloid substances in the wastewater are coagulated and precipitated by adding chemical coagulants such as ferric salt, aluminum salt and the like, so that solid-liquid separation is realized, and the precipitation can be performed by equipment such as a static sedimentation tank, a coagulating sedimentation tank and the like;
and (3) filtering: filtering suspended matters in the wastewater by using filtering equipment such as a filter screen, a filter cloth, a filter plate and the like to ensure that the suspended matters are left on the filter material, and clean water flows out through the filter material;
adjusting the pH value: according to the specific condition of the printing and dyeing wastewater, the pH value of the wastewater can be adjusted by adding an acid-base regulator, and if the wastewater is slightly acidic, alkaline substances such as sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and the like can be added to neutralize the acidity; if the wastewater is more alkaline, acidic substances such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc. may be added to neutralize the alkalinity.
The specific steps of the advanced oxidation treatment are as follows:
ozone oxidation: ozone oxidation is a strong oxidant, and can convert organic dyes and heavy metal ions into easily degradable inorganic products or precipitates, and in the ozone oxidation process, wastewater can be contacted with ozone to form active oxygen free radicals. These free radicals are highly reactive, capable of oxidizing and decomposing organic dyes, and simultaneously precipitating heavy metal ions;
ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation: the ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation utilizes the effect of ultraviolet light and a catalyst to generate highly active free radicals and oxides, the free radicals and oxides have stronger oxidizing capacity, organic dyes can be degraded, heavy metal ions are precipitated, the catalyst generally adopted comprises titanium dioxide and the like, when the ultraviolet light irradiates the surface of the catalyst, electron-hole pairs can be excited, free radical reactions are generated, and therefore the organic dyes are degraded, and the heavy metal ions are removed.
After advanced oxidation treatment of the wastewater, oxidation products and residual suspended matters can be further removed through precipitation and filtration steps, and the specific operation is as follows:
precipitation: placing the wastewater subjected to advanced oxidation treatment in a vertical or inclined tube precipitator, and allowing the wastewater to stay for a period of time to enable sediment to be precipitated to the bottom, wherein in the process, most of solid particles are precipitated downwards under the action of gravity to form a denser precipitation layer;
and (3) filtering: the wastewater is removed from the settler and physically filtered through a filter means, such as filter paper, screen or filter media, to filter the remaining suspended matter from the wastewater, making the wastewater more clear.
The specific steps of the adsorption treatment are as follows:
s1, activated carbon adsorption: activated carbon is a material with high porosity and adsorption capacity, can be used for removing organic dye and heavy metal ions in wastewater, and can adhere target substances in solution to the surface of the activated carbon by physical adsorption, so that the wastewater is purified, and the method comprises the following steps of:
fully contacting the wastewater with the activated carbon to enable the surface of the activated carbon to have adsorption effect on target substances in the wastewater;
in the process, the conditions such as pH value, temperature, contact time and the like can be properly adjusted so as to improve the adsorption effect;
after the adsorption is finished, separating the activated carbon in the wastewater from the adsorption target substances through solid-liquid separation;
the separated activated carbon may be regenerated or disposed of.
S2, ion exchange resin adsorption: the ion exchange resin is a polymer material with specific functional groups, can selectively adsorb or release specific ions or compounds, can be used for removing organic dyes and heavy metal ions in wastewater, and performs the steps of:
the wastewater is contacted with ion exchange resin which selectively adsorbs target substances, so that the target substances and the resin surface are adsorbed.
The wastewater after adsorption treatment may need to be subjected to neutralization adjustment to ensure that the pH value and chemical components thereof meet the discharge standard, and the adjustment method is as follows:
pH value adjustment:
if the pH value of the wastewater is too high, an acidic substance can be added to reduce the pH value;
if the pH value of the wastewater is too low, alkaline substances can be added to increase the pH value;
the adding amount should be carefully controlled to gradually go on when adjusting the pH value, and the target pH value is ensured to be reached;
and (3) chemical component adjustment:
if certain chemical components in the wastewater still exceed the emission standard, further treatment can be performed by adopting methods of chemical precipitation, complexing agents, oil demulsifiers and the like to remove or reduce the chemical components;
the choice of the various treatment methods depends on the specific conditions of the target chemical components in the wastewater, and needs to be chosen according to the actual conditions and to comply with relevant regulations and standards.
And (3) verifying experimental data:
to verify the effectiveness of the above method, the following experimental steps and data recording were performed:
the purpose of the experiment is as follows: and verifying the removal effect of the high-efficiency purification treatment method of the printing and dyeing wastewater and the standard condition of the treated water quality.
The experimental steps are as follows:
a certain amount of printing and dyeing wastewater samples are prepared.
Pretreatment is carried out, including removal of suspended matter and adjustment of the pH value of the wastewater. Can be carried out by precipitation, filtration and the like.
Advanced oxidation treatment is carried out to remove organic dye and heavy metal ions in the wastewater. Can be carried out by ozone oxidation, ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation and the like.
The treated wastewater is precipitated and filtered to remove the precipitate and residual suspended matter generated after oxidation.
And (3) performing adsorption treatment to remove residual organic dye and heavy metal ions in the wastewater. The method can be carried out by adopting the modes of activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange resin adsorption and the like.
And neutralizing and adjusting the treated wastewater to ensure that the pH value and chemical components of the wastewater meet the discharge standard.
Experimental data recording:
the concentrations of organic dye and heavy metal ions in the initial printing and dyeing wastewater are recorded.
Recording the concentration of organic dye and heavy metal ions in the wastewater after advanced oxidation treatment.
The concentration of suspended matter in the wastewater after precipitation and filtration was recorded.
Recording the concentration of organic dye and heavy metal ions in the wastewater after adsorption treatment.
The pH value and chemical composition of the wastewater after neutralization and adjustment are recorded.
Analysis of experimental results: through analysis of experimental data, the method can evaluate the removal effect of the method on organic dye and heavy metal ions and the water quality of the treated wastewater reaches the standard. The removal rate of the method can be evaluated by comparing the concentrations of organic dye and heavy metal ions in the initial wastewater and the treated wastewater. Meanwhile, the pH value and chemical composition of the treated wastewater are compared with the requirements of the discharge standard to evaluate whether the treated wastewater meets the requirements.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A method for efficiently purifying printing and dyeing wastewater is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: pretreatment of
Preliminary treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater, including removal of suspended matters, adjustment of pH value of wastewater and the like, wherein the pretreatment can be performed by precipitation, filtration and the like;
step two: advanced oxidation treatment
Performing advanced oxidation treatment on the pretreated printing and dyeing wastewater to remove organic dye and heavy metal ions in the wastewater, wherein the advanced oxidation treatment can be performed in the modes of ozone oxidation, ultraviolet catalytic oxidation and the like;
step three: precipitation and filtration
After advanced oxidation treatment, the wastewater is precipitated and filtered to remove sediment and residual suspended matters generated after oxidation;
step four: adsorption treatment
Carrying out adsorption treatment on the wastewater subjected to precipitation and filtration to remove residual organic dye and heavy metal ions in the wastewater, wherein the adsorption treatment can be carried out in the modes of activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange resin adsorption and the like;
step five: neutralization and adjustment
After adsorption treatment, the wastewater is neutralized and adjusted to ensure that the pH value and chemical components of the wastewater meet the discharge standard.
2. The method for efficiently purifying printing and dyeing wastewater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pretreatment flow is as follows:
precipitation: the suspended matters and the colloid substances in the wastewater are coagulated and precipitated by adding chemical coagulants such as ferric salt, aluminum salt and the like, so that solid-liquid separation is realized, and the precipitation can be performed by equipment such as a static sedimentation tank, a coagulating sedimentation tank and the like;
and (3) filtering: filtering suspended matters in the wastewater by using filtering equipment such as a filter screen, a filter cloth, a filter plate and the like to ensure that the suspended matters are left on the filter material, and clean water flows out through the filter material;
adjusting the pH value: according to the specific condition of the printing and dyeing wastewater, the pH value of the wastewater can be adjusted by adding an acid-base regulator, and if the wastewater is slightly acidic, alkaline substances such as sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and the like can be added to neutralize the acidity; if the wastewater is more alkaline, acidic substances such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc. may be added to neutralize the alkalinity.
3. The method for efficiently purifying printing and dyeing wastewater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific steps of the advanced oxidation treatment are as follows:
ozone oxidation: ozone oxidation is a strong oxidant, and can convert organic dyes and heavy metal ions into easily degradable inorganic products or precipitates, and in the ozone oxidation process, wastewater can be contacted with ozone to form active oxygen free radicals. These free radicals are highly reactive, capable of oxidizing and decomposing organic dyes, and simultaneously precipitating heavy metal ions;
ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation: the ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation utilizes the effect of ultraviolet light and a catalyst to generate highly active free radicals and oxides, the free radicals and oxides have stronger oxidizing capacity, organic dyes can be degraded, heavy metal ions are precipitated, the catalyst generally adopted comprises titanium dioxide and the like, when the ultraviolet light irradiates the surface of the catalyst, electron-hole pairs can be excited, free radical reactions are generated, and therefore the organic dyes are degraded, and the heavy metal ions are removed.
4. The method for efficiently purifying printing and dyeing wastewater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: after advanced oxidation treatment of the wastewater, oxidation products and residual suspended matters can be further removed through precipitation and filtration steps, and the specific operation is as follows:
precipitation: placing the wastewater subjected to advanced oxidation treatment in a vertical or inclined tube precipitator, and allowing the wastewater to stay for a period of time to enable sediment to be precipitated to the bottom, wherein in the process, most of solid particles are precipitated downwards under the action of gravity to form a denser precipitation layer;
and (3) filtering: the wastewater is removed from the settler and physically filtered through a filter means, such as filter paper, screen or filter media, to filter the remaining suspended matter from the wastewater, making the wastewater more clear.
5. The method for efficiently purifying printing and dyeing wastewater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific steps of the adsorption treatment are as follows:
s1, activated carbon adsorption: activated carbon is a material with high porosity and adsorption capacity, can be used for removing organic dye and heavy metal ions in wastewater, and can adhere target substances in solution to the surface of the activated carbon by physical adsorption, so that the wastewater is purified, and the method comprises the following steps of:
fully contacting the wastewater with the activated carbon to enable the surface of the activated carbon to have adsorption effect on target substances in the wastewater;
in the process, the conditions such as pH value, temperature, contact time and the like can be properly adjusted so as to improve the adsorption effect;
after the adsorption is finished, separating the activated carbon in the wastewater from the adsorption target substances through solid-liquid separation;
the separated activated carbon may be regenerated or disposed of.
S2, ion exchange resin adsorption: the ion exchange resin is a polymer material with specific functional groups, can selectively adsorb or release specific ions or compounds, can be used for removing organic dyes and heavy metal ions in wastewater, and performs the steps of:
the wastewater is contacted with ion exchange resin which selectively adsorbs target substances, so that the target substances and the resin surface are adsorbed.
6. The method for efficiently purifying printing and dyeing wastewater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the wastewater after adsorption treatment may need to be subjected to neutralization adjustment to ensure that the pH value and chemical components thereof meet the discharge standard, and the adjustment method is as follows:
pH value adjustment:
if the pH value of the wastewater is too high, an acidic substance can be added to reduce the pH value;
if the pH value of the wastewater is too low, alkaline substances can be added to increase the pH value;
the adding amount should be carefully controlled to gradually go on when adjusting the pH value, and the target pH value is ensured to be reached;
and (3) chemical component adjustment:
if certain chemical components in the wastewater still exceed the emission standard, further treatment can be performed by adopting methods of chemical precipitation, complexing agents, oil demulsifiers and the like to remove or reduce the chemical components;
the choice of the various treatment methods depends on the specific conditions of the target chemical components in the wastewater, and needs to be chosen according to the actual conditions and to comply with relevant regulations and standards.
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