CN116903150A - Method for neutral leaching uranium groundwater by virtue of reduction mineralization treatment of indigenous microorganisms - Google Patents
Method for neutral leaching uranium groundwater by virtue of reduction mineralization treatment of indigenous microorganisms Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 241001156739 Actinobacteria <phylum> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000606125 Bacteroides Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000243205 Candidatus Parcubacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000372691 Candidatus Saccharibacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192125 Firmicutes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000736262 Microbiota Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192142 Proteobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M sodium ascorbate Substances [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960005055 sodium ascorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
- G21D1/003—Nuclear facilities decommissioning arrangements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention provides a method for neutral leaching uranium groundwater by utilizing indigenous microorganisms to reduce and mineralize. According to the invention, the indigenous functional microorganisms in the sandstone-groundwater system in the neutral leaching area are specifically enriched, the reduction metabolism capability of the indigenous functional microorganisms in the sandstone groundwater solution is improved by utilizing a gradient static domestication mode, an anaerobic reduction environment suitable for long-term growth and propagation of microorganisms in groundwater is constructed, and the water quality of the uranium groundwater in neutral leaching can be improved on the basis of basically not changing the pH value. The result shows that the neutral uranium ore is immersed into the U in the groundwater at the low temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the pH value of 7.5-9.0 6+ The removal rate reaches more than 94 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of in-situ leaching uranium mining groundwater remediation, in particular to a method for neutral in-situ leaching uranium mining groundwater by utilizing indigenous microorganisms to reduce and mineralize.
Background
Neutral leaching uranium by CO injection 2 +O 2 The mode of the method constructs the groundwater environment with high carbonate and strong oxidability, the mobility of U in the groundwater is increased under the action of carbonate and dissolved oxygen, and the free state is releasedU 6+ Can have adverse effects on the surrounding groundwater environment. At present, the neutral in-situ uranium ore generally adopts an ex-situ treatment mode of extraction treatment and reinjection, and requires higher construction cost and long-term groundwater quality monitoring task, so that the further development of the in-situ uranium ore is greatly restricted.
The microbial remediation technology is rapidly developed in recent years, so that the economical and efficient in-situ treatment process of the underground water is feasible. The uranium-containing groundwater is treated by using microorganisms with the functions of reductive mineralization, and is a research hotspot at home and abroad. Ding Dexin and the like can realize that the uranium concentration in the underground water reaches below 0.05mg/L of national emission standard (CN 103093847B), and Zheng Chunli and the like obtain a strain of carbonate mineralized bacteria by means of separation, screening, domestication and the like under the condition of 30 ℃ when the high-reducibility indigenous functional microbial community is utilized to repair the high-sulfate background acid uranium mining underground water, thereby realizing the underground water repair (CN 110328224A) containing radioactive element strontium. However, a microorganism treatment method for neutral leaching uranium mining groundwater has not been reported yet.
In fact, the water quality characteristics of the neutral in-situ leaching uranium groundwater are significantly different from those of the acidic in-situ leaching uranium. The pH value of the neutral ground leaching uranium mining groundwater is controlled to be 7.5-9.0, the release of heavy metal ions is less, and the main interference factor is CO 3 The free complex of U, in the presence of a strong oxidizing environment, is more unstable in uranium and cannot solve this environmental problem simply by means of neutralization or direct dosing of the stabilizing agent. In addition, the neutral leaching uranium mining area is usually deep groundwater with deeper burial depth and is distributed in northern areas with higher latitude in China, the temperature in the groundwater is lower, the highest temperature is 15-17 ℃, however, the low temperature is widely considered to have an inhibiting effect on the microorganism repairing technology, so that the screening of microorganism strains (groups) resistant to low temperature growth is an urgent problem to be solved by microorganism repairing of the neutral leaching groundwater.
In combination with the above reasons, it is highly desirable to find a microbial strain (group) which can adapt to high-carbonate and strong-oxidization uranium-containing conditions and has strong tolerance, so that efficient in-situ microbial treatment of neutral leaching uranium-bearing groundwater can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for neutral leaching uranium mining groundwater by utilizing indigenous microorganisms for reductive mineralization treatment, and the method can be used for removing uranium in the neutral leaching uranium mining groundwater with low cost and high efficiency, and the removal rate is more than 94%.
The invention is realized in the following way:
according to the invention, drilling construction is carried out on a neutral in-situ leaching uranium mining area, specificity enrichment of indigenous functional microorganisms is carried out on a collected sandstone sample and a groundwater sample, static domestication of indigenous functional microorganisms is carried out, normal propagation of functional strains in uranium-containing, high-carbonate, strong-oxidation and low-temperature environments is realized, and the domesticated microbial flora can realize removal of U in the neutral in-situ leaching uranium mining groundwater, wherein the removal rate is more than 94%.
Specifically, the method for neutral leaching uranium groundwater by utilizing indigenous microorganism reductive mineralization treatment provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
and (1) specifically enriching indigenous functional microorganisms in sandstone-groundwater in a neutral leaching uranium mining area to obtain indigenous functional microorganism flora.
And (2) performing neutral low-temperature strain domestication by utilizing the indigenous functional microbial flora obtained in the step (1).
And (3) treating the neutral leaching uranium groundwater by utilizing the indigenous functional microbial flora domesticated in the step (2).
In the step (1), the specific enrichment of indigenous functional microorganisms can be directly carried out under the groundwater of which dissolved oxygen is 8-10 mg/L neutral leaching uranium, and pretreatment such as deoxidization, acid addition and the like is not needed for the groundwater.
In the step (1), the indigenous functional microorganisms are enriched, which is obtained by mixing and culturing sandstone particles, groundwater and a culture medium in an external anaerobic environment.
Wherein the sandstone particles are not limited to any sandstone particles of neutral-leaching uranium ores, preferably currently mined sandstone particles of neutral-leaching subsurface ore-bearing aquifers. Groundwater is not limited to any groundwater that neutral-leaches uranium ores, but is preferably groundwater at the boundaries of the mined uranium mining area.
The culture medium in the step (1) contains nutrient substances required for growth and metabolism of indigenous functional microorganisms, preferably a self-made reduction functional microorganism culture medium.
The self-made reduction function microorganism culture medium comprises the following components: ρ (KH) 2 PO 4 )＝0.5g/L，ρ(CaCl 2 )＝0.2g/L，ρ(NH 4 Cl)＝1.0g/L，ρ(FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O)＝0.05g/L，ρ(Na 2 SO 4 )＝4.5g/L，ρ(MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O) =0.06 g/L, ρ (yeast extract) =0.5 g/L, ρ (absolute ethanol) =20 mL/L, ρ (ascorbic acid) =0.05 g/L, ph=7.2 to 7.4, deionized water 1000mL.
In the invention, when the weight ratio of sandstone particles, groundwater and culture medium is (0.05-0.5): (0.1-0.5): (1-10), the propagation of indigenous functional microbial flora can be satisfied.
According to the invention, the growth temperature of the indigenous functional microbial flora before acclimation is 20 to 37 ℃, preferably 25 to 30 ℃.
According to the invention, the indigenous functional microbial flora can be applied to the treatment of complex neutral leaching uranium groundwater after being subjected to adaptive domestication, and the subsequent domestication requirement can be met by using low microbial biomass, so that the enrichment time in the step (1) is 5-14 days, preferably 5-7 days.
According to the present invention, after the enrichment culture is completed, the obtained indigenous functional microorganism flora can be inoculated into a large-capacity anaerobic tank at a ratio of 1% to 10% for the expanded culture for 3 to 14 days, preferably 3 to 7 days.
In the step (2), the neutral low-temperature strain domestication of indigenous functional microbial flora is beneficial to realizing that the microbial flora screened out by separation has higher environment adaptability in a gradient domestication mode, and the tolerance to high carbonate, strong oxidation and uranium-containing environments is enhanced. The domestication of neutral low-temperature strain refers to the sequential passing of uranium concentration, temperature and HCO 3 - Concentration, pH value gradient static domestication.
According to the invention, the microbial flora is absentCan only be used for uranium concentration of less than 1mg/L, HCO before domestication 3 - The concentration is lower than 1g/L, and the growth and the reduction metabolism are carried out under the conditions of the temperature of 25-37 ℃ and the pH value of 6.5-7.5.
In order to improve the adaptability of indigenous functional microbial flora in neutral leaching uranium groundwater, the static domestication is preferably gradient static domestication in the invention, comprising uranium concentration and HCO 3 - Gradient static domestication of concentration, temperature and pH, according to the results of indoor test, the U concentration has the greatest effect on the growth and metabolism of microbial flora, the temperature is inferior, and the pH has the least effect, so that the uranium concentration, the temperature and the HCO are preferably sequentially passed through 3 - Concentration, pH gradient static acclimation.
According to the invention, the initial concentration of the uranium concentration gradient static domestication is 0.5-1.0 mg/L, the domestication concentration is gradually increased by 0.5-2.0 mg/L, and preferably, the domestication uranium concentration is gradually increased by 1mg/L.
The method is characterized in that the antagonism capability of the microbial cells is required to be combined when the domestication gradient is set due to the toxic effect of the physicochemical characteristics of uranium on the microbial cells, so that the functional bacteria cannot be stagnant in growth due to the overlarge domestication gradient, the passage times cannot be greatly increased due to the overlarge domestication gradient, and the domestication period is prolonged. The domesticated indigenous functional microbial flora can adapt to the uranium concentration range of 0.5-5.0 mg/L.
In the invention, black precipitation in solution is taken as one domestication period in the gradient static domestication process of indigenous functional microorganisms, and at the moment, the next static domestication process is carried out according to 1% -20%, preferably 10% of inoculum size.
According to the invention, the initial temperature of the static domestication of the temperature gradient is 25-37 ℃, preferably 25-30 ℃; the domestication temperature is gradually reduced by 1-5 ℃, preferably 2-3 ℃.
The inventor finds that the influence of temperature on indigenous functional microorganisms in neutral ground water is mainly divided into two aspects, namely, the influence on the reproductive capacity of microorganism strains is firstly, and the microorganism quantity is obviously stressed under the low-temperature condition; secondly, the low temperature condition inhibits the respiratory metabolism of the microorganism, so that the microorganism supplies energy to the propagation direction, and the functional metabolite is reduced.
According to the invention, the temperature has a great influence on the growth rate and metabolic activity of the microbial flora, but the microbial flora can be adapted to a temperature range of 12-25 ℃, preferably 15-20 ℃ by static acclimation with a temperature gradient.
According to the invention, HCO 3 - The initial concentration of the static domestication of the concentration gradient is 0.5-1.0 g/L; domestication of HCO 3 - The concentration is gradually increased by 0.2 to 1.0g/L, preferably 0.2 to 0.5g/L.
In the present invention, the initial HCO 3 - The influence of the concentration on the microbial flora is mainly reflected in the inhibition of the respiration of microorganisms when the concentration of the carbonate is increased, so that the metabolism of biological pathways such as sulfate reduction, iron reduction and the like is weakened, and the carbonate reduction process is diverted. Through high HCO 3 - Domestication of concentration environment, the microbial flora for HCO 3 - The concentration has stronger adaptability, and the domesticated microbial flora can adapt to HCO of 1-5.5 g/L 3 - Concentration range.
According to the invention, the microbial flora subjected to multiple gradient domestication is simultaneously affected by pH value change, when the initial pH exceeds 8, the growth and reproduction capacity of the microbial flora is obviously inhibited, and the growth activity cannot be restored again by optimizing other conditions. Thus, the initial pH of the pH gradient static acclimation is 6.5 to 7.5, preferably 7.0 to 7.5.
Further, the pH is gradually raised by 0.2 to 1, preferably 0.2 to 0.5. Wherein, the single domestication pH value threshold value in the pH value gradient static domestication is too large, the growth of microorganism flora is inactive, the downward deposition phenomenon is obvious, and the single pH value change is too slow, so that the domestication period is prolonged.
According to the invention, the microbial flora is adapted to a cultivation range of pH 7.0-9.5, preferably 7.5-9.0, by static acclimation with a pH gradient.
In the present invention, the domestication period of the microbial flora is doubly influenced by the growth temperature and the pH value. As the temperature decreases, its ability to withstand the initial pH gradually decreases, and the domestication period increases; as the temperature increases, its ability to withstand the initial pH gradually expands and the acclimation period shortens.
According to the invention, the tolerance of indigenous functional microbial flora to neutral leaching uranium mining groundwater is obviously enhanced through gradient static domestication, and the uranium concentration can be 0.5-5 mg/L, HCO 3 - The growth metabolism is carried out under the conditions that the concentration is 1.0-5.5 g/L, the temperature is 15-37 ℃ and the pH value is 7.0-9.5; preferably at uranium concentration of 2-5 mg/L, HCO 3 - The growth and metabolism are carried out under the conditions that the concentration is 2-3 g/L, the temperature is 15-20 ℃ and the pH value is 7.5-9.0.
According to the invention, the use requirement of treating neutral leaching uranium groundwater has been basically met by adopting domesticated microbial flora.
In the step (2), the culture medium is preferably prepared by adopting groundwater during gradient static domestication, and the culture medium comprises the following components: ρ (KH) 2 PO 4 )＝0.5g/L，ρ(CaCl 2 )＝0.2g/L，ρ(NH 4 Cl)＝1.0g/L，ρ(FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O)＝0.05g/L，ρ(Na 2 SO 4 )＝4.5g/L，ρ(MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O) =0.06 g/L, ρ (yeast extract) =0.5 g/L, ρ (absolute ethanol) =20 mL/L, ρ (ascorbic acid) =0.05 g/L, ph=7.2 to 7.4, groundwater 1000mL. Uranium concentration and HCO concentration in groundwater in each medium 3 - The concentration, the temperature and the pH value meet the corresponding requirements. If groundwater is not adopted, the water solution can be prepared by self for use. The aqueous solution can be prepared from U standard solution and NaHCO 3 To configure to meet the target U concentration and HCO 3 - A concentrated aqueous solution.
In the step (3), the neutral leaching uranium groundwater treated by indigenous functional microbial flora is prepared by mixing microbial flora, a carbon source reagent and groundwater, and then standing for culture, and after the microbial flora grows and metabolizes normally, the treatment target can be achieved.
In the step (3), the carbon source reagent refers to carbon source nutrient substances of microorganisms such as ethanol, glucose and sodium lactate, and the growth and metabolism time of the microorganisms are different from each other by different carbon source reagents, so that ethanol is preferred for accelerating the reduction and mineralization effects of the microorganisms.
According to the invention, the volume ratio of the microbial flora, the carbon source reagent and the neutral leaching uranium mining groundwater is (0.05-0.5): (0.02-0.05): (1 to 10), preferably (0.1 to 0.2): (0.02-0.03): (5-8).
The inventor finds that in the process of carrying out the groundwater treatment of neutral uranium ore in the volume ratio, HCO in water is in a relatively anaerobic environment due to the growth metabolism of microbial flora 3 - The concentration will gradually increase when HCO 3 - At concentrations exceeding 5.5g/L, the long term effectiveness of the microbiological treatment effect can be challenging and, therefore, the HCO in groundwater should be treated every month 3 - Concentration is monitored according to real-time HCO 3 - The concentration is reduced by the addition amount of the carbon source in the proportion range.
According to the invention, the pH value of the neutral leaching uranium mining groundwater is alkalescent, and the pH value is 7.5-9.0 under most conditions; the temperature of the neutral ground leaching uranium mining groundwater is 12-25 ℃, and is generally 15-20 ℃; the uranium concentration in the neutral ground leaching uranium mining groundwater is lower than 5mg/L.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the method for neutral leaching uranium groundwater by virtue of reduction mineralization treatment of indigenous microorganisms, provided by the invention, U in the neutral leaching uranium groundwater can be removed efficiently at low cost, the removal rate is more than 94%, the stabilized restoration effect can be maintained for a long time, and the diffusion risk of pollutants in the groundwater is effectively reduced.
(2) According to the microbial flora metagenome information provided by the invention, uranium-resistant microbial strains under the same high-carbonate and strong-oxidization background are identified, so that construction of microbial germplasm resource libraries applicable to different uranium-containing environments is facilitated.
(3) According to the method for neutral leaching uranium groundwater by utilizing indigenous microorganism reduction mineralization treatment, provided by the invention, bioremediation of uranium pollution is realized under the condition that the pH value of the neutral leaching uranium groundwater is not changed, so that pretreatment procedures in engineering application can be effectively reduced, and the process cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison of microbial community structure differences before and after acclimation in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the reduction mineralization treatment of the indigenous microorganisms on the long-term restoration of the neutral leaching uranium mining groundwater in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Microorganisms are one of important components for maintaining ecological balance in nature, and are abundant in soil, groundwater and other environments. In the extreme environments of glacier frozen soil, saline-alkali soil, volcanic lakes and the like in the traditional sense, the growth of microorganisms after long-term environmental adaptation also exists.
After many years of microbiology research, it was found that pure culture techniques of a single strain can only obtain the expected results in the laboratory, but in the process of amplification in the natural environment, the dominant bacteria are easily crowded into the ecological space by the dominant bacteria, and thus the continuous proliferation capability is lost. In fact, the tolerance of exogenous bacteria in natural environment is challenged in many ways, so the invention can excite the sustainable metabolic capability of functional microorganisms by enriching indigenous microorganism flora and constructing a system closer to the original living environment of microorganisms, realize the long-term treatment of pollutants, and make the biological effect more obvious in the underground environment due to the obvious difference between the groundwater environment and the overground environment.
The invention is further described below by means of specific examples, which are however only exemplary and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the invention.
Example 1
(1) Enrichment of indigenous functional microbial flora.
Collecting sandstone samples and underground water samples from the uranium mine site, wherein the sandstone samples, the underground water samples and the culture medium are mixed according to the weight ratio of 0.5:0.5:10, mixing, placing the mixture into a 250mL blue cap anaerobic bottle for culturing at 25 ℃, taking bacterial liquid of the blue cap anaerobic bottle with obviously suspended microorganisms after 7 days, continuously culturing the bacterial liquid in a new 250mL blue cap anaerobic bottle according to 10% of inoculation amount, and repeating the steps for three times to obtain indigenous functional microbial flora with strong functions.
The culture medium is a self-made reduction function microorganism culture medium, and comprises the following components: ρ (KH) 2 PO 4 )＝0.5g/L，ρ(CaCl 2 )＝0.2g/L，ρ(NH 4 Cl)＝1.0g/L，ρ(FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O)＝0.05g/L，ρ(Na 2 SO4)＝4.5g/L，ρ(MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O) =0.06 g/L, ρ (yeast extract) =0.5 g/L, ρ (absolute ethanol) =20 mL/L, ρ (sodium ascorbate) =0.05 g/L, ph=7.2 to 7.4, deionized water 1000mL.
(2) Domestication of indigenous functional microbial flora.
Placing the indigenous functional microorganism flora in uranium with a concentration of 1mg/L, HCO 3 - The concentration is 0.5g/L, the temperature is 25 ℃, the pH value is 7.5, real groundwater is adopted to replace the domestication in a reduction function culture medium prepared by deionized water, when obvious black precipitates are generated in the culture medium, the indigenous function microbial flora is proved to realize normal metabolism, the microbial flora is transferred to a culture medium with the uranium concentration of 2mg/L (the other conditions are unchanged) according to the inoculation amount of 10 percent, the domestication is repeated for a plurality of times, the uranium concentration is increased by 1mg/L each time, and the uranium concentration of the last static domestication is 5mg/L.
Then, the indigenous functional microbial flora subjected to the final static domestication of uranium concentration is transferred to the uranium concentration of 5mg/L, HCO according to the inoculation amount of 10 percent 3 - The same culture medium with the concentration of 0.5g/L, the temperature of 23 ℃ and the pH value of 7.5 (the same culture medium refers to the preparation by adopting real groundwater to replace deionized water in the step (1), and the difference between the real groundwater and the real groundwater in the previous stage is shown by uranium concentration and HCO 3 - The concentration, the temperature and the pH value are equivalent to that in the step (2), a plurality of gradients of real groundwater are preset, the real groundwater is directly used for application when the corresponding groundwater is needed, when obvious black sediment is generated in the culture medium, the culture medium is transferred to the culture medium with the temperature of 21 ℃ according to the inoculation quantity of 10 percent, the domestication is repeated for a plurality of times, the temperature is reduced by 2 ℃ each time, and the temperature of the last static domestication is 15 ℃.
The microbial flora subjected to the final temperature static domestication is further transferred to the uranium concentration of 5mg/L, HCO according to the inoculation amount of 10 percent 3 - Domestication in the same culture medium with concentration of 1.5g/L, temperature of 15deg.C and pH value of 7.5, transferring to HCO according to 10% inoculation amount when obvious black precipitate is generated in the culture medium 3 - Domestication in the same culture medium with concentration of 2.5g/L (the rest conditions are unchanged) is repeated for multiple times, each time HCO 3 - The concentration rises by 1g/L, and the last static domestication of HCO 3 - The concentration was 5.5g/L.
Further complete the last HCO 3 - The microbial flora with static domestication concentration is transferred to uranium with concentration of 5mg/L, HCO according to 10 percent of inoculation amount 3 - Domestication in the same culture medium with concentration of 5.5g/L, temperature of 15 ℃ and pH value of 8.0, switching to the same culture medium with pH value of 8.5 (the rest conditions are unchanged) according to 10% of inoculation amount when obvious black precipitate is generated in the culture medium, repeating the domestication for a plurality of times, wherein each time the pH value is increased by 0.5, and the pH value of the final static domestication is 9.5.
Wherein, the culture medium used in the gradient static domestication process is a self-made reduction function microorganism culture medium, and specifically comprises the following steps: adopting U standard solution and NaHCO 3 Configuring target U concentration and HCO 3 - The deionized water in the step (1) is replaced by the water solution with the concentration, preferably real groundwater, and the uranium concentration and HCO concentration in the real groundwater are improved 3 - The concentration, the temperature and the pH value all meet the corresponding requirements, and the proportion of other material components is the same as that of the culture medium prepared in the step (1).
According to the invention, the microbial community structure is obviously improved after static domestication, as shown in fig. 1, metagenomic information obtained through 16s rRNA sequencing shows that the relative abundance of microorganisms Bacteroides, firmicutes with strong tolerance in the uranium-neutral leaching groundwater dominant flora is respectively increased by 28.18% and 8.62%, the relative abundance of microorganisms Proteobacteria, candidatus _ Saccharibacteria, actinobacteria, verrucomic, parcubacteria with weak tolerance is respectively reduced by 19.66%, 5.75%, 3.79%, 4.16% and 3.69%, and the microbial community structure is obviously changed.
(3) And (3) treating neutral ground leaching uranium groundwater by adopting domesticated indigenous functional microorganism flora.
Collecting U concentration of 4.1mg/L, pH value of 8.2, and HCO 3 - Uranium underground water is extracted from uranium ores of TONGLiao with the concentration of 2.0g/L in a neutral manner, and the water is directly used as a wastewater treatment target.
20mL of absolute ethanol solution is firstly dissolved in 1000mL of collected neutral ground leaching uranium groundwater, then 100mL of domesticated indigenous functional microorganism flora is added, the mixture is placed in a low-temperature constant-temperature incubator and is kept at a low temperature of 15 ℃ for 180 days, wherein the uranium concentration in the solution is tested by ICP-MS on 21 st day when the solution starts to be blackened and on 42 th day when the solution is completely blackened and the solution after 180 days of reaction, the uranium concentration in the solution is reduced to 3.2mg/L from the first 4.1mg/L on 21 st day, the uranium concentration is reduced to 0.3mg/L on 42 th day, and 0.2mg/L can still be kept on 180 days, as shown in figure 2, and the removal rate reaches over 94%.
Example 2
The indigenous functional microbiota was enriched and acclimatized in exactly the same manner as in example 1 and the neutral uranium-depleted groundwater was treated in a similar manner to example 1, except that:
selecting neutral ground leaching uranium mining groundwater with lighter pollution, wherein the U concentration is 1.2mg/L, the pH value is 7.8, and the HCO is 3 - The concentration was 1.6g/L.
After the indigenous functional microbial flora is inoculated, obvious suspended black particles exist in the solution at the 14 th day of the reaction, the uranium concentration in the groundwater at the 14 th day is measured to be 0.1mg/L, the final uranium concentration is controlled to be 0.05+/-0.01 mg/L, and the U removal rate is over 99 percent.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments and illustrative examples. It should be noted, however, that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Various improvements, equivalent substitutions or modifications can be made to the technical content of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which all fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The method for neutral leaching uranium mining groundwater by utilizing indigenous microorganism reduction mineralization treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Enriching indigenous functional microorganisms in sandstone-groundwater in a neutral leaching uranium mining area to obtain indigenous functional microorganism flora; the enrichment process specifically comprises the following steps: mixing sandstone particles, groundwater and a culture medium for culture in an external anaerobic environment;
(2) Performing neutral low-temperature strain domestication by utilizing indigenous functional microbial flora obtained in the step (1); the domestication of neutral low-temperature strain refers to the sequential passing of uranium concentration, temperature and HCO 3 - Static domestication of concentration and pH value gradient;
(3) And (3) treating the neutral leaching uranium-extracted groundwater by utilizing the indigenous functional microorganism flora domesticated in the step (2).
2. The method for neutral leaching of uranium groundwater by means of reduction mineralization treatment of indigenous microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), initial concentration of uranium concentration gradient static domestication is 0.5-1.0 mg/L, and concentration of domesticated uranium is gradually increased by 0.5-2.0 mg/L; the initial temperature of the temperature gradient static domestication is 25-37 ℃, and the domestication temperature is gradually reduced by 1-5 ℃; HCO (hydrogen chloride) 3 - Initial concentration of concentration gradient static domestication is 0.5-1.0 g/L, and HCO is domesticated 3 - The concentration is gradually increased by 0.2 to 1.0g/L; the initial value of static pH value gradient domestication is 6.5-7.5, and the domestication pH value is gradually increased by 0.2-0.5.
3. The method for neutral leaching uranium groundwater by reductive mineralization treatment using indigenous microorganisms according to claim 2, wherein in step (2), when black precipitation occurs in the solution during domestication, normal metabolism of indigenous functional microorganism flora is indicated, and the next static domestication process is continued according to 1% -20% of inoculation amount.
4. The method for neutral leaching of uranium groundwater by reductive mineralization treatment of indigenous microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the culture medium in step (1) is as follows: ρ (KH) 2 PO 4 )＝0.5g/L，ρ(CaCl 2 )＝0.2g/L，ρ(NH 4 Cl)＝1.0g/L，ρ(FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O)＝0.05g/L，ρ(Na 2 SO 4 )＝4.5g/L，ρ(MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O) =0.06 g/L, ρ (yeast extract) =0.5 g/L, ρ (absolute ethanol) =20 mL/L, ρ (ascorbic acid) =0.05 g/L, ph=7.2 to 7.4, deionized water 1000mL.
5. The method for neutral leaching uranium mining groundwater by using indigenous microorganism reductive mineralization treatment according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), weight ratio of sandstone particles, groundwater and culture medium is (0.05-0.5): (0.1-0.5): (1-10).
6. The method for neutral leaching uranium groundwater by using indigenous microorganism reductive mineralization treatment according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding culture medium is prepared by using groundwater or prepared aqueous solution in the step (2) during gradient static domestication, and the composition of the culture medium is as follows: ρ (KH) 2 PO 4 )＝0.5g/L，ρ(CaCl 2 )＝0.2g/L，ρ(NH 4 Cl)＝1.0g/L，ρ(FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O)＝0.05g/L，ρ(Na 2 SO 4 )＝4.5g/L，ρ(MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O) =0.06 g/L, ρ (yeast extract) =0.5 g/L, ρ (absolute ethanol) =20 mL/L, ρ (ascorbic acid) =0.05 g/L, ph=7.2 to 7.4, groundwater or 1000mL of formulated aqueous solution.
7. The method for neutral leaching uranium groundwater by using a reduction mineralization treatment of indigenous microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the neutral leaching uranium groundwater by using indigenous functional microorganism flora is obtained by mixing the indigenous functional microorganism flora, a carbon source reagent and groundwater, and then performing stationary culture, and after the microorganism flora grows and metabolizes normally.
8. The method for neutral leaching of uranium groundwater by reductive mineralization treatment of indigenous microorganisms according to claim 7, wherein the carbon source reagent is a microbial carbon source nutrient formed from ethanol, glucose or sodium lactate.
9. The method for neutral leaching uranium mining groundwater by reductive mineralization treatment using indigenous microorganisms according to claim 7, wherein a volume ratio of indigenous functional microorganism flora, a carbon source reagent and the neutral leaching uranium mining groundwater is (0.05-0.5): (0.02-0.05): (1-10).
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| CN117438124B (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-04-09 | 中核第四研究设计工程有限公司 | Method for long-term stable treatment of uranium-containing waste residues |
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