CN116893146A - Method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining phosphorus concentration of water body particles - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining phosphorus concentration of water body particles Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and related equipment for determining the phosphorus concentration of water particles, which can quickly and accurately determine the phosphorus concentration of water particles. The method comprises the following steps: determining the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to a target water body, wherein the target water body is a water body with the concentration of the granular phosphorus to be determined; determining the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body; determining a target classification of the target water body according to the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient; and determining the concentration of the particulate phosphorus in the target water body according to the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body and the target classification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of data processing, in particular to a method for determining the phosphorus concentration of water particles and related equipment.
Background
The reservoir utilizes water storage bodies formed by river valleys, plain depressions and gaps of underground rock stratum. The dam is shut off to change the water body from river phase to reservoir phase, the water body is relatively static, and pollutants in different forms are enriched in the water body, so that the water body pollution is aggravated. Reservoir eutrophication is a water pollution phenomenon caused by excessive content of nutrient salts such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water, wherein phosphorus is considered as a main limiting factor. Phosphorus is the most important nutrient salt in reservoir eutrophication conditions and cyanobacteria bloom situation change, and the source and migration transformation of the nutrient salt are directly related to the planktonic algae biomass in water and the bloom outbreak intensity of cyanobacteria. Therefore, the total phosphorus concentration of the reservoir water body becomes an important index for evaluating the eutrophication of the water area and the treatment effect of the cyanobacteria bloom.
The phosphorus in the water body of the reservoir comprises two forms of dissolution and particles, wherein one form is a particle form and the other form is a dissolution form. The pollution and monitoring of different forms of phosphorus emission and cyanobacterial bloom are all the time the hot spot leading edge problems of the research of the environmental academy. Wherein the granular phosphorus is the main form of the existence of the phosphorus in the water body, and the content of the granular phosphorus in a part area exceeds eighty percent. The granular phosphorus is an important reservoir for the biological availability of phosphorus, and the degradation of the granular phosphorus is a key process for regulating the biological availability and biological growth of phosphorus in water bodies, and finally the lake eutrophication is caused, so that the monitoring of the concentration of the granular phosphorus provides support for exploring the circulation of the phosphorus in the reservoir and controlling the eutrophication of the reservoir.
Currently, the measurement of the phosphorus concentration of water particles is mainly carried out in a laboratory by adopting a digestion method, and the method needs to bring a sample back to the site and has complex analysis and test steps. And determining the total phosphorus by adopting a molybdenum-antimony salt solution-spectrophotometry. Firstly adding a potassium sulfate solution to digest a water sample, then dripping 1 ml of an antioxidant, uniformly shaking for 30s, then dripping 2 ml of a molybdenum-antimony solution, uniformly mixing, standing indoors for 15min, using a cuvette with an optical path of 30mm, taking pure water as a reference, measuring absorbance by using a spectrophotometer, subtracting the absorbance of a blank experiment from the absorbance, and obtaining the total phosphorus concentration according to a working curve. Secondly, the concentration of the dissolved phosphorus needs to be measured, and the principle and the steps are similar to those of a method for measuring the total phosphorus concentration in a laboratory, and the main difference is that the GF/F filter membrane is used for filtering out the particulate matters in the water body. Finally, after the total phosphorus concentration and the dissolved phosphorus concentration are obtained, the particle phosphorus concentration can be obtained by subtracting the total phosphorus concentration and the dissolved phosphorus concentration. The method needs to be based on a large amount of laboratory pretreatment, is complex in steps, has extremely high requirement on timeliness of samples, and is low in efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and related equipment for determining the phosphorus concentration of water particles, which can quickly and accurately determine the phosphorus concentration of water particles.
The invention provides a method for determining the phosphorus concentration of water particles, which comprises the following steps:
determining the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to a target water body, wherein the target water body is a water body with the concentration of the granular phosphorus to be determined;
determining the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body;
determining a target classification of the target water body according to the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient;
and determining the concentration of the particulate phosphorus in the target water body according to the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body and the target classification.
The second aspect of the invention provides a device for determining the phosphorus concentration of water particles, which comprises:
the first determining unit is used for determining the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body, wherein the target water body is the water body with the concentration of the granular phosphorus to be determined;
the second determining unit is used for determining the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body;
the classification unit is used for determining target classification of the target water body according to the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient;
And the third determining unit is used for determining the concentration of the granular phosphorus in the target water body according to the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body and the target classification.
A third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, and a processor, where the processor is configured to implement the steps of the method for determining a phosphorus concentration of water particles according to the first aspect when executing a computer management program stored in the memory.
A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer-management-class program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for determining a phosphorus concentration of water particles as described in the first aspect above.
In summary, it can be seen that in the embodiment provided by the present invention, the device for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles can determine the hyperspectral reflectivity and the water particle absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water, and determine the target classification of the target water according to the water particle absorption coefficient; and then the particle phosphorus concentration of the target water body can be determined according to the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body and the target classification. Therefore, the method can greatly simplify the step of measuring the granular phosphorus, improve the effectiveness of measuring the granular phosphorus in the water body of the reservoir, and greatly save the time and labor cost of analyzing and testing the granular phosphorus.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an in-situ measured reflectance spectrum of a body of water according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of analysis of reflectivity and particulate phosphorus concentration sensitivity of water bodies of different reservoirs according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of analysis of correlation between the reflectivity of a classified water body and the concentration of particulate phosphorus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the concentration of Chl-a in a pigment-dominated water body and the concentration of particulate phosphorus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the concentration of Chl-a in a non-pigment dominant water body and the concentration of particulate phosphorus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the concentration of inorganic suspended matters in a pigment-dominated water body and the concentration of particulate phosphorus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the concentration of inorganic suspended matters in a non-pigment dominant water body and the concentration of particulate phosphorus according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of a pigment-dominated water body C according to an embodiment of the invention PP Inverting a modeling schematic;
FIG. 10 shows a non-pigment dominant water C provided by an embodiment of the present invention PP Inverting a modeling schematic;
FIG. 11 shows a non-pigment dominant water C provided in the present busy embodiment PP Inverting the accuracy verification schematic diagram;
FIG. 12 is a diagram of a pigment-dominated water C provided by an embodiment of the invention PP Inverting the accuracy verification schematic diagram;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a virtual structure of a device for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic hardware structure of a device for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a computer readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The method for determining the phosphorus concentration of the water body particles is described below by using a device for determining the phosphorus concentration of the water body particles, and the device for determining the phosphorus concentration of the water body particles can be a server or a service unit in the server, and is not particularly limited.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:
101. and determining the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body.
In this embodiment, the device for determining the concentration of particulate phosphorus in a water body may determine a hyperspectral reflectance corresponding to a target water body, where the target water body is a water body whose concentration of particulate phosphorus is to be determined. Specifically, the device for determining the phosphorus concentration of the water body particles can determine the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body through the following formula:
wherein R is rs Hyperspectral inversion corresponding to the target water bodyEmissivity, r is reflectivity of a layering interface of a target water body to skylight, L p Is the radiance of a standard gray plate, L sw For the total radiation brightness value of the target water body, d is the azimuth angle between the instrument and the incident plane of the sun when the target water body is tested, L sky The diffuse scattering radiation brightness value corresponding to the target water body is obtained, wherein,L p1 the first standard gray plate radiation brightness value corresponding to the target water body, L p2 And the second standard gray plate radiation brightness value corresponding to the target water body.
In practical application, the device for determining the phosphorus concentration of the water body can be measured by a water-borne measurement method, for example, in-situ measurement of remote sensing reflectivity can be adopted, and a portable spectrum radiometer (model: ASD FieldSpec Pro) is adopted for measurement. The spectral resolution of the instrument was 2nm and the measurement range was 350nm to 1050nm. Each measurement is preceded by a dark current correction. During measurement, the influence of hull shadows and peripheral stray light on an input signal is avoided. Ten radiance spectra were measured each time, and then the average value was calculated after eliminating outliers. The measuring steps of the instrument are as follows:
First, in order to avoid the damage of direct sunlight, reflection and ship shadows to the light field, the experimental measurer needs to face away from the sun, and the included angle (Φ) between the sunlight incident plane and the instrument measurement plane is between 90 ° and 135 °. The angle (theta) between the measuring plane and the normal direction is controlled to be between 30 DEG and 45 DEG, and the following operations are sequentially carried out by using the angle:
1. optimizing the integration time of the white board;
2. measuring the first standard gray plate radiation brightness value L p1 ；
3. Measuring the total radiation brightness value L of the target water body sw ；
4. The instrument is kept at an azimuth angle d unchanged from the incident plane of the sun, and the diffuse scattering radiation brightness value L of the sky (avoiding cloud layer) is measured by rotating vertically to the sky sky ；
5. Repeating step 2 to obtain the radiation of the gray plate againBrightness value L p2 。
After measuring a plurality of parameters corresponding to the target water body, the remote sensing reflectivity of the target water body can be calculated by the following modes:
1) In order to avoid errors caused by light field variation in the measuring process, the radiation brightness value of the standard gray plate measured in front and back times is averaged and used as the radiation brightness L of the standard gray plate p ：
2) The hyperspectral remote sensing reflectivity R corresponding to the target water body through the following formula rs ：
In the formula, the molecular term is the radiance of water, the denominator term is the total incident irradiance of the water surface, r represents the reflectivity of the water body layering interface to skylight, and the value of the reflectivity is related to the sun position, wind speed, observation geometry, water surface roughness, wind direction and other factors. The research center has calm horizontal surface in the sampling period, wind speed less than 5 m/s, r value of 0.022 and ρ p Is the reflectivity of a known standard gray plate.
102. And determining the water body particle absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body.
In this embodiment, the device for determining the phosphorus concentration of the water particles may determine the water particle absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water, where the water particle absorption coefficient includes a pigment particle absorption coefficient and a non-pigment particle absorption coefficient, and the device for determining the phosphorus concentration of the water particles may determine the absorption coefficient of suspended particles corresponding to the water by using a quantitative filtration membrane technology (QFT).
In one embodiment, the determining device for determining the phosphorus concentration of the water body particles determines the absorption coefficient of the water body particles corresponding to the target water body, including:
determining the total particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body;
measuring the absorption coefficient of pigment particles corresponding to the target water body;
and determining a non-pigment particle absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body according to the total particle absorption coefficient and the pigment particle absorption coefficient, wherein the pigment particle absorption coefficient and the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient are both water body particle absorption coefficients corresponding to the target water body.
In the embodiment, the determination device of the phosphorus concentration of the water particles measures 50-500 ml of water samples for filtering (the filtering volume is marked as v) according to the difference of the turbidity of the target water, and the used filter membrane has a GF/F membrane with the diameter of 25 mm;
And absorbance measurement is carried out on the filtered water sample, and meanwhile, a blank filter membrane is used as a blank parallel sample, zero point correction is carried out on absorbance at 750nm of an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, so that the total particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body can be determined through the following formula:
wherein a is p (lambda) is the total particle absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body, v is the filtration volume, lambda is the reflectivity value corresponding to the target water body, and the absorbance of the corrected total suspended matter is recorded as OD s And (lambda), the effective area covered by the total suspended matters on the GF/F membrane is denoted as s, the GF/F membrane after filtration is soaked in sodium hypochlorite solution (the concentration is 1%) for 15-20 min until pigment matters on the membrane are completely bleached, and non-pigment particles can be obtained.
Then measuring the target water body to obtain the pigment particle absorption coefficient a in the target water body ph Because the sum of the pigment particle absorption and the non-pigment particle absorption is equal to the total particle absorption, the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient a in the target water body can be obtained by the following formula nap (lambda) value.
a nap (λ)＝a p -a np 。
It should be noted that, the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body may be determined through the step 101, and the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body may be determined through the step 102, however, there is no limitation of the sequence of performing the steps, and the step 101 may be performed first, the step 102 may be performed first, or the steps may be performed simultaneously, which is not limited in particular.
103. And determining target classification of the target water body according to the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient.
In this embodiment, after determining the water particle absorption coefficient, the determining device for the phosphorus concentration of the water particle may determine the target classification of the target water body according to the water particle absorption coefficient, where the water particle absorption coefficient includes a pigment particle absorption coefficient and a non-pigment particle absorption coefficient, and specifically, the determining device for the phosphorus concentration of the water particle may determine whether the ratio of the pigment particle absorption coefficient to the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient is greater than a preset value; if the ratio of the pigment particle absorption coefficient to the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient is larger than a preset value, determining that the target classification of the target water body is pigment dominant; if the ratio of the pigment particle absorption coefficient to the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient is smaller than a preset value, determining that the target classification of the target water body is non-pigment dominant.
That is, the water body is divided into two main categories of pigment dominant and non-pigment dominant by combining the sensibility analysis result and the optical characteristics of the water body, and the absorption coefficient a of pigment particles ph (lambda) and non-pigment particulate matter absorption coefficient a nap (lambda) adopts an index decreasing trend, so that the absorption characteristics of different types of water bodies can be characterized by adopting 440nm, and the specific steps are as follows:
The judgment mode of pigment dominance is as follows:
the non-pigment dominant judgment mode is as follows:
104. and determining the particle phosphorus concentration of the target water body according to the hyperspectral reflectivity and the target classification.
In this embodiment, the device for determining the phosphorus concentration of the water body particles may determine the phosphorus concentration of the target water body particles according to the hyperspectral reflectivity and the target classification, specifically:
if the target is classified as pigment dominant, the device for determining the phosphorus concentration of the water body particles can calculate the phosphorus concentration of the particles corresponding to the target water body according to the following formula:
C PP ＝2.76639*[R rs (665) -1 -R rs (709) -1 ]*R rs (731)+0.0287011；
wherein C is PP The concentration of the granular phosphorus when the target water body is pigment dominant, R rs The lambda is the reflectivity value corresponding to the target water body.
If the target is classified as non-pigment dominant, the determining device for the particle phosphorus concentration of the water body determines the particle phosphorus concentration of the target water body through the following formula:
C PP ＝3.0931*[LnR rs (709)/R rs (678)]-0.1422；
wherein C is PP For the concentration of the granular phosphorus when the target water body is non-pigment dominant, R rs The lambda is the reflectivity value corresponding to the target water body.
Two formulas for determining the particulate phosphorus concentration of a target body of water are described below:
the determination device of the phosphorus concentration of the water body particles can construct C based on hyperspectral data PP Inverting the model, constructing C PP In inverting the model, it is necessary to collect part C P And combining the data with the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the water body to construct a model. And currently there is no C PP Therefore, the in-situ water body particle state phosphorus concentration is measured by adopting a total phosphorus and dissolved state phosphorus concentration difference algorithm, and the method is concretely as follows:
1) And determining the total phosphorus by adopting a molybdenum-antimony salt solution-spectrophotometry. Adding potassium sulfate solution to digest in-situ water sample collected from laboratory, adding 1 ml of antioxidant, shaking for 30s, adding 2 ml of molybdenum-antimony solution, mixing, standing for 15min, and purifying with cuvette with optical path of 30mmTaking water as a control, measuring absorbance by using a spectrophotometer, subtracting the absorbance of a blank experiment from the absorbance, and obtaining total phosphorus (C) according to a working curve P ) Concentration.
2) And filtering out the granular impurities in the water body by adopting a GF/F filter membrane to obtain a dissolved in-situ water sample. Repeating the step 1) on the dissolved in-situ water sample to obtain the concentration (C) of the dissolved phosphorus TDP )。
3) The granular phosphorus concentration in the water body is determined by adopting the following formula:
C PP ＝C P -C TDP ；
wherein C is PP C is the particle phosphorus concentration of the in-situ water body sample P Is the total phosphorus concentration, C TDP Is the concentration of phosphorus in the dissolved state.
(4) Based on ground hyperspectral data C PP Constructing an inversion model;
in the invention, C is carried out by using various data of water samples in three reservoirs PP The inversion model is illustrated (of course, liquefaction may be performed by other water samples, such as three lakes, four rivers, etc., but is not limited to this embodiment), wherein the three reservoirs exhibit a large overlap in the reflectance spectrum characteristics (refer to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of in-situ measured water reflectance spectrum curves of the three reservoirs according to an embodiment of the present invention). The sensitivity analysis shows that the correlation coefficient between the water body reflectivity of three reservoirs and the total phosphorus concentration of the particle state is between-0.05 and 0.57, and the maximum determination coefficient R is in the range of 400nm to 900nm (xx provided by the embodiment of the invention in FIG. 3) 2 0.32, which does not meet the requirement of single-band direct modeling, the following is a specific explanation:
referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of sensitivity analysis of reflectivity and concentration of particulate phosphorus of different water bodies provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and it is found by sensitivity analysis that three main overlapped sensitive areas exist between the reflectivity and the particulate phosphorus of different water bodies of reservoirs in different wavelength ranges, the sensitive area 1 is 510nm to 600nm, the sensitive area 2 is 655nm to 730nm, and the sensitive area 3 is 780nm to 860nm. The reservoir 2 and the reservoir 3 are influenced by the spectral characteristics of chlorophyll, which are water components, and have a reflection peak in the range of 510 nm-600 nm, the reflection peak in the interval is related to the water pigment composition, and is mainly influenced by the weak absorption of chlorophyll and carotene and the scattering effect of cells, and the reservoir 1 does not have the phenomenon in the sensitive interval 1. This means that reservoir 1 is distinct from the dominant pigment and non-pigment materials of reservoirs 2 and 3, wherein reservoir 3 has a distinct fluorescence peak around wavelength 685nm due to raman effect caused by re-emission after absorption of light by phytoplankton molecules, i.e. photosynthesis of water molecule rupture and oxygen molecule formation, and the absorption coefficient of chlorophyll a is minimized there as a result of the excited energy fluorescence, thus forming a reflection peak. The reflectivity of the reservoir 1, the reservoir 2 and the reservoir 3 tends to be saturated between 780nm and 860nm under the influence of the back scattering of suspended matters.
Combining sensitivity analysis results and water optical characteristics, dividing the water into two main categories of pigment dominant and non-pigment dominant. Due to absorption coefficient a of pigment particles ph (lambda), non-pigment particle absorption coefficient a nap The index decrease trend is adopted by the lambda, so that the absorption characteristics of different types of water bodies can be characterized by 440 nm.
Through two formulas in the step 102, the 123 actually measured water bodies are divided into two data sets of pigment dominant and non-pigment dominant, after classification, the non-pigment dominant points are 61, and the pigment dominant points are 63.
Pigment-dominant and non-pigment-dominant reflectivities and C PP The correlation coefficient is shown in fig. 4. Non-pigment dominant reflectance and corresponding C PP The correlation coefficient is between 0.57 and 0.78, and the pigment dominant reflectivity corresponds to C PP The correlation coefficient is between-0.09 and 0.77. After classification, the highest correlation coefficient (r) is 21 percent and 20 percent higher than that before classification.
Analysis of the relationship between pigment-dominated and non-pigment-dominated particle phosphorus concentration and water color factor shows that pigment-dominated water C PP The chlorophyll concentration (Chl-a) showed a very significant positive correlation with a determination coefficient as high as 0.71 (as shown in fig. 5), which was not significant with the inorganic suspended matter concentration, and the determination coefficient was only 0.33. This indicates that in pigment-dominated water, C PP Mainly adsorbed in organic suspended matters or utilized by phytoplankton. The other water bodies are just opposite, namely, non-pigment dominant C PP Has a significant and extremely significant positive correlation with the concentration of inorganic suspended matters, and has a determination coefficient of 0.67 (shown in figure 6), C PP The correlation with chlorophyll concentration (Chl-a) was not significant. In the description, C in non-pigment dominant PP Mainly adsorbed to inorganic suspended matters, referring to fig. 7 and 8, the relationship between the concentration of inorganic suspended matters in pigment-dominated water and the concentration of particulate phosphorus and the relationship between the concentration of inorganic suspended matters in non-pigment-dominated water and the concentration of particulate phosphorus are shown. The highest decision coefficients of both satisfy C PP The modeling requirements are inverted, so that the two types of water optical characteristics can be utilized to respectively construct models, refer to fig. 9, and fig. 9 is a pigment dominant water C provided by the embodiment of the invention PP Is a schematic of inversion modeling of (a).
Pigment dominant C PP The inversion model refers to the Chl-a inversion mode and adopts the following modes for iterative analysis:
mode one, linear regression method: c (C) PP ＝aR rs (λ)+b；
Mode two, band ratio method: c (C) PP ＝aR rs (λ 1 )/bR rs (λ 2 )；
Mode three, normalized exponential method: c (C) PP ＝a[bR rs (λ 1 )-cbR rs (λ 2 )]/[dR rs (λ 1 )-ebR rs (λ 2 )]；
Mode four, three-band method: c (C) PP ＝a[bR rs (λ 1 ) -1 -cbR rs (λ 2 ) -2 ]*dR rs (λ 3 )；
In the above formula, R rs (λ 1 )、R rs (λ 2 )、R rs (λ 3 ) The reflectance value of the water body with any wavelength is a, b, c, d, e, and the reflectance value is a coefficient to be rated.
Non-pigment dominant particulate water C PP Inversion reference suspension inversion mode, iterative analysis was performed using the following modes:
mode five, band ratioThe method comprises the following steps: c (C) PP ＝aR rs (λ 1 )/bR rs (λ 2 )；
Mode six, three-band method: c (C) PP ＝a[bR rs (λ 1 ) -1 -cR rs (λ 2 ) -1 ]*dR rs (λ 3 )；
Mode seven, baseline method: c (C) PP ＝a|bR rs (λ 2 )-c{R rs (λ 1 )+e(λ 2 -λ 1 )/(λ 3 -λ 1 )[fR rs (λ 3 )-gR rs (λ 1 )]}；
In the above formula, R rs (λ 1 )、R rs (λ 2 )、R rs (λ 3 ) The reflectance value of the water body with any wavelength is a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and the reflectance value is a coefficient to be rated.
The pigment is led to lead the measured spectrum data of 63 points in the range of 400nm to 900nm and C PP Substituting the model into the first mode to the fourth mode for iterative analysis, and outputting the model or model combination with the highest R2 under all modes. As a result, the mode four precision is highest, and the specific model is as follows:
C PP ＝2.76639*[R rs (665) -1 -R rs (709) -1 ]*R rs (731)+0.0287011；
r2 is 0.79 and P <0.01, as shown in FIG. 9.
The non-pigment dominant 61 points are measured spectrum data and C in the range of 400 nm-900 nm PP Substituting the model into the modes five to seven for iterative analysis, and outputting the model or model combination with the highest R2 under all modes.
As a result, the mode five precision is highest, and the specific model is as follows:
C PP ＝3.0931*[LnR rs (709)/R rs (678)]-0.1422；
r2 is 0.83 and P <0.01, as shown in FIG. 10.
(5) C based on ground hyperspectral data PP And (3) verifying inversion accuracy:
c determined by the above formula using hyperspectral dataset PP And (5) carrying out result verification on the inversion concentration. The verification indexes are average absolute percentage error (Mean Absolute Percentage Error, MAPE) and root mean square error (Root Mean Square Error, RMSE), wherein the calculation formula of MAPE is as follows:
Wherein y' i For model predictive value, y i In the invention, a correlation coefficient R (also called a Pearson coefficient) is selected to evaluate the correlation degree of two variables, wherein R is positive number and negative correlation, respectively, and R2 is a determining coefficient between the two variables.
Inversion C based on the above formula pair PP And actually measure C PP Verification (as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12), actual measurement C of non-pigment particle main water guide body PP And inversion C PP Exhibits very significant positive correlation with r2=0.79, p<0.01, mape=19.02%; pigment particle dominant water body actual measurement C PP And inversion C PP Exhibits very significant positive correlation with r2=0.76, p<0.01, mape=19.65%, both of which meet the demands of practical applications.
In summary, it can be seen that in the embodiment provided by the present invention, the device for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles can determine the hyperspectral reflectivity and the water particle absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water, and determine the target classification of the target water according to the water particle absorption coefficient; and then the particle phosphorus concentration of the target water body can be determined according to the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body and the target classification. Therefore, the method can greatly simplify the step of measuring the granular phosphorus, improve the effectiveness of measuring the granular phosphorus in the water body of the reservoir, and greatly save the time and labor cost of analyzing and testing the granular phosphorus.
The embodiment of the invention is described above from the determination method of the phosphorus concentration of the water body particles, and the embodiment of the invention is described below from the determination device of the phosphorus concentration of the water body particles.
Referring to fig. 13, a schematic diagram of a virtual structure of a device for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles according to an embodiment of the present invention, the device 1300 for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles includes:
a first determining unit 1301, configured to determine a hyperspectral reflectance corresponding to a target water body, where the target water body is a water body with a concentration of particulate phosphorus to be determined;
a second determining unit 1302, configured to determine a water body particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body;
a classification unit 1303, configured to determine a target classification of the target water body according to the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient;
and a third determining unit 1304, configured to determine a concentration of particulate phosphorus in the target water body according to the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body and the target classification.
In a possible design, the target is classified as pigment dominant, and the third determining unit 1304 is specifically configured to:
determining the particulate phosphorus concentration of the target water body by the following formula:
C PP ＝2.76639*[R rs (665) -1 -R rs (709) -1 ]*R rs (731)+0.0287011；
wherein C is PP For the concentration of the granular phosphorus when the target water body is dominated by the pigment, R rs And lambda is the reflectivity value corresponding to the target water body, wherein lambda is the hyperspectral reflectivity of the target water body.
In a possible design, the target is classified as non-pigment dominant, and the third determining unit 1304 is further specifically configured to:
determining the particulate phosphorus concentration of the target water body by the following formula:
C PP ＝3.0931*[LnR rs (709)/R rs (678)]-0.1422；
wherein C is PP R is the concentration of the granular phosphorus when the target water body is non-pigment dominant rs And lambda is the reflectivity value corresponding to the target water body, wherein lambda is the hyperspectral reflectivity of the target water body.
In one possible design, the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient includes a pigment particle absorption coefficient and a non-pigment particle absorption coefficient, and the classification unit 1303 is specifically configured to:
judging whether the ratio of the pigment particle absorption coefficient to the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient is larger than a preset value or not;
if the ratio of the pigment particle absorption coefficient to the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient is larger than the preset value, determining that the target classification of the target water body is pigment dominant;
and if the ratio of the pigment particle absorption coefficient to the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient is smaller than the preset value, determining that the target classification of the target water body is non-pigment dominant.
In one possible design, the second determining unit 1302 is specifically configured to:
determining the total particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body;
measuring the absorption coefficient of pigment particles corresponding to the target water body;
and determining a non-pigment particle absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body according to the total particle absorption coefficient and the pigment particle absorption coefficient, wherein the pigment particle absorption coefficient and the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient are both water body particle absorption coefficients corresponding to the target water body.
In one possible design, the determining, by the second determining unit 1302, the total particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body includes:
determining the total particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body through the following formula:
wherein a is p (lambda) is the total particle absorption coefficient, OD, corresponding to the target water body s (lambda) is the absorbance of the total suspended matter corresponding to the target water body, s is the effective area of the total suspended matter, v is the filtration volume, lambda is the target water bodyReflectivity value corresponding to the target body.
In one possible design, the first determining unit 1301 is specifically configured to:
And determining the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body through the following formula:
wherein R is rs For the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body, r is the reflectivity of the layering interface of the target water body to skylight, L p Is the radiance of a standard gray plate, L sw D is the azimuth angle between the instrument and the incident plane of the sun when the target water body is tested, and ρ is the total radiation brightness value of the target water body p For the reflectivity of the standard gray plate, L sky And the diffuse scattering radiation brightness value corresponding to the target water body is obtained, wherein,L p1 the first standard gray plate radiation brightness value corresponding to the target water body, L p2 And the second standard gray plate radiation brightness value corresponding to the target water body.
Fig. 13 above describes a device for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles in an embodiment of the present invention from the perspective of a modularized functional entity, and the following describes the device for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles in an embodiment of the present invention from the perspective of hardware processing in detail, referring to fig. 14, an embodiment of a device 1400 for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles in an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the device 1400 for determining phosphorus concentration of water particles includes:
Input device 1401, output device 1402, processor 1403 and memory 1404 (where the number of processors 1403 may be one or more, one processor 1403 is illustrated in fig. 14). In some embodiments of the invention, the input device 1401, the output device 1402, the processor 1403, and the memory 1404 may be connected by a communication bus or other means, with the communication bus connection being exemplified in fig. 14.
Wherein, by calling the operation instruction stored in the memory 1404, the processor 1403 is configured to execute the following steps:
determining the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to a target water body, wherein the target water body is a water body with the concentration of the granular phosphorus to be determined;
determining the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body;
determining a target classification of the target water body according to the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient;
and determining the concentration of the particulate phosphorus in the target water body according to the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body and the target classification.
The processor 1403 is further configured to execute any one of the embodiments corresponding to fig. 1 by invoking the operation instructions stored in the memory 1404.
Referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 15, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory 1510, a processor 1520, and a computer program 1511 stored on the memory 1510 and executable on the processor 1520, wherein the processor 1520 executes the computer program 1511 to perform the steps of:
determining the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to a target water body, wherein the target water body is a water body with the concentration of the granular phosphorus to be determined;
determining the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body;
determining a target classification of the target water body according to the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient;
and determining the concentration of the particulate phosphorus in the target water body according to the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body and the target classification.
In a specific implementation, when the processor 1520 executes the computer program 1511, any implementation of the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1 may be implemented.
Since the electronic device described in this embodiment is a device for implementing the apparatus for determining the phosphorus concentration of a water body particle in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the method described in this embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand the specific implementation manner of the electronic device in this embodiment and various modifications thereof, so how the electronic device implements the method in this embodiment of the present invention will not be described in detail herein, and only those devices employed by those skilled in the art to implement the method in this embodiment of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention to be protected.
Referring to fig. 16, fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a computer readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 16, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium 1600 having stored thereon a computer program 1611, which computer program 1611, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
determining the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to a target water body, wherein the target water body is a water body with the concentration of the granular phosphorus to be determined;
determining the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body;
determining a target classification of the target water body according to the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient;
and determining the concentration of the particulate phosphorus in the target water body according to the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body and the target classification.
In a specific implementation, the computer program 1611 is executed by a processor to implement any implementation of the corresponding embodiment of fig. 1.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are focused on, and for those portions of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product comprising computer software instructions which, when run on a processing device, cause the processing device to perform the flow as in the corresponding embodiment of fig. 2.
The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, produces a flow or function in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a Solid State Disk (SSD)), or the like.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
In the several embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the elements is merely a logical functional division, and the actual implementation time may be in other manners, e.g., multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in part or all of the technical solution or in part in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced equivalently; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for determining the phosphorus concentration of water particles, comprising the steps of:
determining the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to a target water body, wherein the target water body is a water body with the concentration of the granular phosphorus to be determined;
determining the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body;
determining a target classification of the target water body according to the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient;
and determining the concentration of the particulate phosphorus in the target water body according to the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body and the target classification.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the target classification is pigment dominant, and wherein determining the particulate phosphorus concentration of the target body of water based on the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target body of water and the target classification comprises:
Determining the particulate phosphorus concentration of the target water body by the following formula:
C PP ＝2.76639*[R rs (665) -1 -R rs (709) -1 ]*R rs (731)+0.0287011；
wherein C is PP For the concentration of the granular phosphorus when the target water body is dominated by the pigment, R rs And lambda is the reflectivity value corresponding to the target water body, wherein lambda is the hyperspectral reflectivity of the target water body.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the target classification is non-pigment dominant, and wherein determining the particulate phosphorus concentration of the target body of water based on the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target body of water and the target classification comprises:
determining the particulate phosphorus concentration of the target water body by the following formula:
C PP ＝3.0931*[LnR rs (709)/R rs (678)]-0.1422；
wherein C is PP R is the concentration of the granular phosphorus when the target water body is non-pigment dominant rs And lambda is the reflectivity value corresponding to the target water body, wherein lambda is the hyperspectral reflectivity of the target water body.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water particle absorption coefficient comprises a pigment particle absorption coefficient and a non-pigment particle absorption coefficient, the determining the target classification of the target water body from the water particle absorption coefficient comprising:
judging whether the ratio of the pigment particle absorption coefficient to the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient is larger than a preset value or not;
If the ratio of the pigment particle absorption coefficient to the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient is larger than the preset value, determining that the target classification of the target water body is pigment dominant;
and if the ratio of the pigment particle absorption coefficient to the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient is smaller than the preset value, determining that the target classification of the target water body is non-pigment dominant.
5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said determining a water body particulate matter absorption coefficient for the target water body comprises:
determining the total particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body;
measuring the absorption coefficient of pigment particles corresponding to the target water body;
and determining a non-pigment particle absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body according to the total particle absorption coefficient and the pigment particle absorption coefficient, wherein the pigment particle absorption coefficient and the non-pigment particle absorption coefficient are both water body particle absorption coefficients corresponding to the target water body.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the total particulate absorption coefficient for the target body of water comprises:
Determining the total particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body through the following formula:
wherein a is p (lambda) is the total particle absorption coefficient, OD, corresponding to the target water body s And (lambda) is the absorbance of the total suspended matter corresponding to the target water body, s is the effective area of the total suspended matter, v is the filtering volume, and lambda is the reflectivity value corresponding to the target water body.
7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein determining the hyperspectral reflectance for the target body of water comprises:
and determining the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body through the following formula:
wherein R is rs For the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body, r is the reflectivity of the layering interface of the target water body to skylight, L p Is the radiance of a standard gray plate, L sw D is the azimuth angle between the instrument and the incident plane of the sun when the target water body is tested, and ρ is the total radiation brightness value of the target water body p For the reflectivity of the standard gray plate, L sky And the diffuse scattering radiation brightness value corresponding to the target water body is obtained, wherein,L p1 the first standard gray plate radiation brightness value corresponding to the target water body, L p2 The second standard gray plate radiation brightness corresponding to the target water bodyValues.
8. A device for determining the phosphorus concentration of water particles, comprising:
the first determining unit is used for determining the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body, wherein the target water body is the water body with the concentration of the granular phosphorus to be determined;
the second determining unit is used for determining the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient corresponding to the target water body;
the classification unit is used for determining target classification of the target water body according to the water body particulate matter absorption coefficient;
and the third determining unit is used for determining the concentration of the granular phosphorus in the target water body according to the hyperspectral reflectivity corresponding to the target water body and the target classification.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
memory, processor, the processor is used for realizing the method for determining the phosphorus concentration of the water body particles according to any one of the claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer management class program stored in the memory.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer management class program, characterized in that: the computer management program when executed by a processor implements the method for determining the phosphorus concentration of water particles according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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