CN116892468A - Fuel supply and control system of ammonia engine - Google Patents
Fuel supply and control system of ammonia engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116892468A CN116892468A CN202310442863.3A CN202310442863A CN116892468A CN 116892468 A CN116892468 A CN 116892468A CN 202310442863 A CN202310442863 A CN 202310442863A CN 116892468 A CN116892468 A CN 116892468A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- ammonia
- engine
- fuel
- control system
- cracker
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 487
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 226
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0206—Non-hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0227—Means to treat or clean gaseous fuels or fuel systems, e.g. removal of tar, cracking, reforming or enriching
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0248—Injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fuel supply and control system of an ammonia engine, which belongs to the technical field of engines and comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank, an ammonia heater, an ammonia stop valve, an ammonia cracker, a radiator, an ammonia mixer, a fuel injection valve and an ammonia engine which are connected in sequence; the system also comprises an engine electric control unit and an ammonia cracker controller; the fuel injection valve, the ammonia stop valve, the hydrogen concentration sensor, the ammonia temperature sensor and the ammonia cracker controller are respectively connected with the engine electronic control unit; the ammonia cracker controller is connected with the ammonia cracker. The invention uses the hydrogen generated by ammonia pyrolysis as the ignition gas to ignite ammonia to burn in the cylinder; compared with the ignition mode of diesel oil or natural gas, the fuel supply and control system provided by the invention has a simple and reliable structure, and can realize the accurate control of ammonia and hydrogen through closed-loop adjustment by the oxygen sensor and the hydrogen concentration sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel supply and control system of an ammonia engine, and belongs to the technical field of engines.
Background
In order to reduce carbon emissions and achieve the "two carbon" goal, various carbon-free energy researches are being conducted all over the world, and currently the mainstream carbon-free energy includes hydrogen and ammonia. Ammonia is an energy source with various advantages, and on one hand, ammonia can be synthesized by hydrogen and nitrogen; on the other hand, ammonia gas can be liquefied by pressurization at normal temperature, is convenient to store and transport, and has higher energy density than liquid hydrogen, so ammonia gas has the potential of being an optimal carbon-free energy source. With the increasing maturity of technologies such as the production and storage of ammonia, engines using ammonia as fuel are attracting attention again in the field of internal combustion engines, wherein the fuel supply system of ammonia becomes a key core technology of ammonia engines. Because of the difficulty in igniting ammonia, in the prior art, the combustion of ammonia after ignition of diesel oil or natural gas in a cylinder is more studied, but an engine is provided with two independent fuel supply systems of ammonia and diesel oil or ammonia and natural gas, and the engine is more complicated. How to realize a set of single ammonia fuel supply and control system becomes a technical problem to be solved in the technical field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to realize a set of single ammonia fuel supply and control system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides an ammonia engine fuel supply and control system, which comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank, an ammonia heater, an ammonia stop valve, an ammonia cracker, a radiator, an ammonia mixer, a fuel injection valve and an ammonia engine which are connected in sequence; the system also comprises an engine electric control unit and an ammonia cracker controller; the fuel injection valve, the ammonia stop valve, the hydrogen concentration sensor, the ammonia temperature sensor and the ammonia cracker controller are respectively connected with the engine electronic control unit; the ammonia cracker controller is connected with the ammonia cracker.
Preferably, a circulating medium pipeline for heat exchange is arranged between the ammonia heater and the ammonia engine, an electric control water valve is arranged in the circulating medium pipeline, and the electric control water valve is connected with an engine electric control unit.
Preferably, a circulating medium pipeline for heat exchange is arranged between the radiator and the ammonia engine.
Preferably, the fuel injection valve is provided with a fuel temperature sensor and a fuel pressure sensor; the fuel temperature sensor and the fuel pressure sensor are respectively connected with the engine electronic control unit.
Preferably, an ammonia pressure regulating valve is arranged between the ammonia stop valve and the ammonia cracker.
Preferably, the ammonia mixer is arranged between the radiator and the fuel injection valve.
Preferably, the hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged between the ammonia mixer and the fuel injection valve; the hydrogen concentration sensor is connected with the engine electronic control unit.
Preferably, the ammonia engine is provided with an exhaust pipe; an oxygen sensor is arranged in the exhaust pipe and is connected with the engine electronic control unit.
Preferably, an ammonia filter is arranged between the ammonia temperature sensor and the ammonia stop valve.
Preferably, the fuel temperature sensor and the fuel pressure sensor are installed in the fuel injection valve or the pipe.
Preferably, the fuel injection valve is composed of one main valve or a combination of a plurality of sub-valves.
Preferably, the fuel injection valve is arranged in a cylinder head air inlet channel of the ammonia engine, fuel is injected into the cylinder air inlet channel of the ammonia engine and mixed with air to enter the engine cylinder, or the fuel injection valve is arranged on an air inlet main pipeline, and fuel is injected into an air inlet main pipeline and mixed with air to enter the cylinder of the ammonia engine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a single fuel supply and control system of an ammonia engine, which uses hydrogen generated by ammonia pyrolysis as ignition gas to ignite ammonia gas in a cylinder for combustion, and is simple and reliable in structure relative to a diesel or natural gas ignition mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a liquid ammonia gas storage tank; 2. an ammonia heater; 3. an ammonia gas temperature sensor; 4. an ammonia gas filter; 5. an ammonia stop valve; 6. an ammonia gas pressure regulating valve; 7. an ammonia cracker; 8. a heat sink; 9. a radiator inlet pipe; 10. a radiator outlet pipe; 11. a hydrogen concentration sensor; 12. a fuel temperature sensor; 13. a fuel pressure sensor; 14. a fuel injection valve; 15. an ammonia engine; 16. a water inlet of the water pump; 17. a water outlet of the water pump; 18. an exhaust pipe; 19. an oxygen sensor; 20. a water intake of an ammonia heater; 21. a water return port of the ammonia heater; 22. an ammonia heater water inlet pipe; 23. an ammonia heater water outlet pipe; 24. an electric control water valve; 25. an engine electronic control unit; 26. a wire harness; 27. an ammonia cracker controller; 28. CAN line; 29. an ammonia mixer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide an ammonia engine fuel supply and control system, which comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank 1, an ammonia heater 2, an ammonia filter 4, an ammonia stop valve 5, an ammonia pressure regulating valve 6, an ammonia cracker 7, a radiator 8, an ammonia mixer 29, a fuel injection valve 14 and an ammonia engine 15 which are connected in sequence; the system also comprises an engine electronic control unit 25 and an ammonia cracker controller 27. The fuel injection valve 14, the ammonia stop valve 5 and the ammonia cracker controller 27 are respectively connected with the engine electronic control unit 25; an ammonia cracker controller 27 is connected to the ammonia cracker 7. A circulating medium pipeline for heat exchange is arranged between the ammonia heater 2 and the ammonia engine 15, an electric control water valve 24 is arranged in the circulating medium pipeline, and the electric control water valve 24 is connected with an engine electric control unit 25. A circulating medium pipeline for heat exchange is arranged between the radiator 8 and the ammonia engine 15. The fuel injection valve 14 is provided therein with a fuel temperature sensor 12 and a fuel pressure sensor 13; the fuel temperature sensor 12 and the fuel pressure sensor 13 are connected to an engine electronic control unit 25, respectively. An ammonia temperature sensor 3 is arranged between the ammonia heater 2 and the ammonia stop valve 5, and the ammonia temperature sensor 3 is connected with an engine electronic control unit 25; a hydrogen concentration sensor 11 is provided between the ammonia mixer 29 and the fuel injection valve 14; the hydrogen concentration sensor 11 is connected to an engine electronic control unit 25. An exhaust pipe 18 is arranged on the ammonia engine 15; an oxygen sensor 19 is provided in the exhaust pipe 18, and the oxygen sensor 19 is connected to an engine electronic control unit 25.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the ammonia in the liquid ammonia storage tank 1 is split into two parts after sequentially passing through an ammonia heater 2, an ammonia filter 4, an ammonia stop valve 5 and an ammonia pressure regulating valve 6: part of ammonia gas enters an ammonia cracker 7 to be completely cracked and converted into high-temperature hydrogen and high-temperature nitrogen, the high-temperature hydrogen and the high-temperature nitrogen after being cracked are cooled to proper temperatures through a radiator 8 and then enter an ammonia gas mixer 29, and the other part of ammonia gas directly enters the ammonia gas mixer 29. The three gases of hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia enter an ammonia mixer 29 to be uniformly mixed, and the mixed gas enters an ammonia engine 15 through a fuel injection valve 14 to be mixed with air and then is combusted in a cylinder.
The ammonia heater 2 uses the coolant of the ammonia engine 15 as a heating medium. The cooling liquid of the ammonia engine 15 enters an ammonia heater water inlet pipe 22 from an ammonia heater water inlet 20, enters the ammonia heater 2 to heat ammonia after passing through an electric control water valve 24, enters an ammonia heater water outlet pipe 23 after heat exchange, and returns to the ammonia engine 15 through an ammonia heater water return port 21. The engine electronic control unit 25 monitors the heated ammonia temperature by using the ammonia temperature sensor 3 at the downstream of the ammonia heater 2, and adjusts the flow of the cooling liquid entering the ammonia heater 2 by controlling the opening of the electronic control water valve 24, so that the ammonia temperature at the outlet of the ammonia heater 2 is controlled within a proper range.
Wherein, the ammonia cracker controller 27 communicates with the engine electronic control unit 25 through a CAN line 28. According to the preset calibration in the engine electronic control unit 25, the ammonia cracker controller 27 controls the ammonia cracker 7 through current, so that ammonia entering the ammonia cracker 7 is completely cracked, hydrogen and nitrogen generated by cracking pass through the radiator 8 and are mixed with ammonia in the ammonia mixer 29, and the mixed gas enters the engine through the fuel injection valve 14. The hydrogen concentration sensor 11 between the ammonia gas mixer 29 and the fuel injection valve 14 measures the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas and feeds back to the engine electronic control unit 25, thereby performing closed-loop control on the current of the ammonia cracker controller 27 so that the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas after the ammonia gas mixer 29 is within a proper range. The engine electronic control unit 25 monitors the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of the ammonia engine 15 through the oxygen sensor 19 mounted on the exhaust pipe 18, and adjusts the injection amount of the mixed gas through the fuel injection valve 14, thereby realizing closed-loop control of ammonia gas supply.
The temperature of hydrogen and nitrogen generated by the pyrolysis of the ammonia cracker 7 can reach 300-400 ℃, and the heat is required to be dissipated through the radiator 8. The radiator 8 uses ammonia engine 15 cooling liquid as a cooling medium, the ammonia engine 15 cooling liquid enters the radiator 8 from a water pump outlet 17, and returns to the ammonia engine 15 from a water pump inlet 16 after cooling.
The invention provides a fuel supply and control system of an ammonia engine. The ammonia cracker controller 27 controls the operation of the ammonia cracker 7 by means of electric current, and cracks the ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen; the ammonia cracker controller 27 communicates with the engine electronic control unit 25 via a CAN line 28; the engine electronic control unit 25 detects the hydrogen concentration in the three mixed gases of ammonia, hydrogen and nitrogen through the hydrogen concentration sensor 11 in front of the fuel injection valve 14; the engine electronic control unit 25 realizes closed-loop control of the hydrogen concentration by controlling the ammonia cracker controller 27 according to the measured hydrogen concentration.
The engine electronic control unit 25 controls the flow rate of three kinds of mixed gas of hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia into the ammonia engine 15 by controlling the fuel injection valve 14, and the flow rate of the hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia into the engine 15 is calculated by the fuel temperature sensor 12 and the fuel pressure sensor 13 on the fuel injection valve 14; the engine electronic control unit 25 measures the oxygen concentration in the engine exhaust gas through the oxygen sensor 19 in the exhaust pipe 18 of the ammonia engine 15, thereby performing feedback control of the fuel injection valve 14 to control the injection amount of the mixture.
The high-temperature hydrogen and the high-temperature nitrogen after ammonia cracking are cooled by the radiator 8, and cooling mediums in the radiator 8 and the ammonia heater 2 are ammonia engine 15 cooling liquid. The engine electronic control unit 25 monitors the heated ammonia temperature through the ammonia temperature sensor 3, and performs feedback control on the opening of the electronic control water valve 24 to adjust the flow of the cooling liquid entering the ammonia heater 2.
The ammonia cracker controller 27 may be independent of the engine electronic control unit 25 or may be integrated within the ECU as a functional module of the engine electronic control unit 25.
The heating medium in the ammonia heater 2 may be not only an engine antifreeze but also engine exhaust gas.
The fuel injection valve 14 may be installed not only in the cylinder head intake duct of the ammonia engine 15 to directly inject fuel into the cylinder intake duct of the ammonia engine 15, but also in the air intake manifold to inject fuel into the intake manifold to mix with air and then enter the cylinder of the ammonia engine 15.
The cooling medium in the radiator 8 may be not only the cooling liquid of the ammonia engine 15, but also a cooling medium with a lower temperature such as low-temperature air, refrigerant, low-temperature circulating water, etc. according to the application scene of the engine.
The embodiment provides a single-fuel ammonia engine fuel supply and control system, liquid ammonia is stored in a liquid ammonia storage tank 1, the ammonia enters an ammonia heater 2 from the liquid ammonia storage tank 1, a heat exchange medium (engine cooling liquid) in the ammonia heater 2 enters the ammonia heater 2 from an ammonia heater water intake 20 through an ammonia heater water inlet pipe 22 to heat the ammonia, and an electric control water valve 24 is arranged in a pipeline of the ammonia heater water inlet pipe 22 to control water flow; after heat exchange, the waste water is returned to the ammonia engine 15 through the ammonia heater water return port 21 by the ammonia heater water outlet pipe 23.
The heated ammonia gas temperature is detected by the engine electronic control unit 25 through the ammonia gas temperature sensor 3, and if the ammonia gas temperature is higher than a proper range, the engine electronic control unit 25 can reduce the opening of the electronic control water valve 24 and the flow of cooling liquid, so that the ammonia gas temperature is reduced; if the ammonia temperature is lower than the proper range, the opening of the electric control water valve 24 is increased, the cold night flow is increased, and the ammonia temperature is increased, so that the ammonia temperature is controlled in a reasonable range.
The gaseous ammonia is split into two parts after passing through an ammonia filter 4, an ammonia stop valve 5 and an ammonia pressure regulating valve 6. A portion of the ammonia gas is directed into an ammonia gas mixer 29; the other part of ammonia gas enters the ammonia gas cracker 7, the ammonia gas is completely cracked into high-temperature hydrogen gas and high-temperature nitrogen gas in the ammonia gas cracker 7, and the hydrogen gas and the nitrogen gas cooled by the radiator 8 enter the ammonia gas mixer 29. The pressure and temperature of the mixed gas of the three gases of hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia are measured by the fuel pressure sensor 13 and the fuel temperature sensor 12, and the engine electronic control unit 25 calculates the injection quantity of the mixed gas according to the temperature and pressure of the mixed gas.
The hydrogen and nitrogen after the ammonia gas is cracked in the ammonia cracker 7 can reach 300-400 ℃, the temperature is reduced to a proper range after the ammonia gas passes through the radiator 8, wherein the heat exchange medium of the radiator 8 is also ammonia engine 15 cooling liquid, the ammonia engine 15 cooling liquid enters the radiator 8 through the radiator water inlet pipe 9 from the water pump water outlet 17, and the heat of the high-temperature hydrogen and the high-temperature nitrogen is absorbed and then returned to the water pump water inlet 16 through the radiator water outlet pipe 10.
The engine electronic control unit 25 sends the hydrogen and nitrogen needed to be cracked to the ammonia cracker controller 27 through the CAN line 28, and the ammonia cracker controller 27 provides proper current for the ammonia cracker 7 according to a preset hydrogen-current correspondence table in the ammonia cracker controller, so that the ammonia is completely cracked into hydrogen and nitrogen in the ammonia cracker 7. A hydrogen concentration sensor 11 is installed before the fuel injection valve 14, and the engine electronic control unit 25 forms a closed-loop control by reading the hydrogen concentration in the measurement mixture gas so that the hydrogen concentration is stabilized at a set value.
After being mixed by an ammonia mixer 29, the three gases of nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia enter a cylinder of an ammonia engine 15 through a fuel injection valve 14 to be combusted, the combusted waste gas is discharged through an exhaust pipe 18, an oxygen sensor 19 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 18, an engine electronic control unit 25 forms closed loop feedback by reading the oxygen concentration in the waste gas of the engine, and the ammonia engine 15 is operated under the set air-fuel ratio condition by controlling the injection quantity of the mixed gas of the fuel injection valve 14.
The engine electronic control unit 25 performs signal transmission with the ammonia shut-off valve 5, the ammonia temperature sensor 3, the fuel injection valve 14, the fuel pressure sensor 13, the fuel temperature sensor 12, the oxygen sensor 19, the electronic control water valve 24, and the hydrogen concentration sensor 11 through the wire harness 26. The wire harness 26 may be one bus harness 26 or may be a combination of several independent sub-harnesses 26.
While the invention has been described with respect to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Equivalent embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings disclosed herein, when considered in the light of the foregoing disclosure, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. An ammonia engine fuel supply and control system, characterized in that: the device comprises a liquid ammonia gas storage tank (1), an ammonia heater (2), an ammonia stop valve (5), an ammonia cracker (7), a radiator (8), an ammonia mixer (29), a fuel injection valve (14) and an ammonia engine (15) which are connected in sequence; the system also comprises an engine electronic control unit (25) and an ammonia cracker controller (27); the fuel injection valve (14), the ammonia stop valve (5), the hydrogen concentration sensor (11), the ammonia temperature sensor (3) and the ammonia cracker controller (27) are respectively connected with the engine electronic control unit (25); the ammonia cracker controller (27) is connected with the ammonia cracker (7).
2. An ammonia engine fuel delivery and control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: a circulating medium pipeline for heat exchange is arranged between the ammonia heater (2) and the ammonia engine (15), an electric control water valve (24) is arranged in the circulating medium pipeline, and the electric control water valve (24) is connected with an engine electric control unit (25).
3. An ammonia engine fuel delivery and control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: a circulating medium pipeline for heat exchange is arranged between the radiator (8) and the ammonia engine (15).
4. An ammonia engine fuel delivery and control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the fuel injection valve (14) is provided with a fuel temperature sensor (12) and a fuel pressure sensor (13); the fuel temperature sensor (12) and the fuel pressure sensor (13) are respectively connected with the engine electronic control unit (25).
5. An ammonia engine fuel delivery and control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: an ammonia pressure regulating valve (6) is arranged between the ammonia stop valve (5) and the ammonia cracker (7).
6. An ammonia engine fuel delivery and control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the ammonia mixer (29) is arranged between the radiator (8) and the fuel injection valve (14).
7. An ammonia engine fuel delivery and control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen concentration sensor (11) is arranged between the ammonia mixer (29) and the fuel injection valve (14); the hydrogen concentration sensor (11) is connected with the engine electronic control unit (25).
8. An ammonia engine fuel delivery and control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: an exhaust pipe (18) is arranged on the ammonia engine (15); an oxygen sensor (19) is arranged in the exhaust pipe (18), and the oxygen sensor (19) is connected with the engine electronic control unit (25).
9. An ammonia engine fuel delivery and control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: an ammonia filter (4) is arranged between the ammonia temperature sensor (3) and the ammonia stop valve (5).
10. An ammonia engine fuel delivery and control system as defined in claim 4 wherein: the fuel temperature sensor (12) and the fuel pressure sensor (13) are installed in the fuel injection valve (14) or a pipe.
11. An ammonia engine fuel delivery and control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the fuel injection valve (14) is composed of a main valve or a combination of a plurality of sub-valves.
12. An ammonia engine fuel delivery and control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the fuel injection valve (14) is arranged in a cylinder head air inlet channel of the ammonia engine (15), fuel is injected into a cylinder air inlet channel of the ammonia engine (15) and mixed with air to enter an engine cylinder, or the fuel injection valve is arranged on an air inlet main pipeline, and fuel is injected into an air inlet main pipeline and mixed with air to enter the cylinder of the ammonia engine (15).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310442863.3A CN116892468A (en) | 2023-04-23 | 2023-04-23 | Fuel supply and control system of ammonia engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310442863.3A CN116892468A (en) | 2023-04-23 | 2023-04-23 | Fuel supply and control system of ammonia engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116892468A true CN116892468A (en) | 2023-10-17 |
Family
ID=88313986
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310442863.3A Pending CN116892468A (en) | 2023-04-23 | 2023-04-23 | Fuel supply and control system of ammonia engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116892468A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-04-23 CN CN202310442863.3A patent/CN116892468A/en active Pending
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