CN116890491B - Multifunctional layered structure protective textile, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Multifunctional layered structure protective textile, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116890491B
CN116890491B CN202310783524.1A CN202310783524A CN116890491B CN 116890491 B CN116890491 B CN 116890491B CN 202310783524 A CN202310783524 A CN 202310783524A CN 116890491 B CN116890491 B CN 116890491B
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woven cloth
composite woven
aerogel
nylon
concave
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CN116890491A (en
Inventor
许多
刘可帅
彭智勇
李威
陈泽
苏子毅
龚浩然
刘英存
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Wuhan Textile University
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Wuhan Textile University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
    • A62B17/003—Fire-resistant or fire-fighters' clothes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional layered structure protective textile, a preparation method and application thereof. The polyimide composite woven cloth is subjected to a hot-pressing process to form a plurality of concave structures which are concave downwards, aerogel is filled in the concave structures, welding spots formed by an ultrasonic welding process are formed on the periphery of the concave structures, so that the polyimide composite woven cloth and the nylon 6 composite woven cloth are tightly attached, and the welding spots form a wicking channel; the polyimide composite woven cloth takes polyimide yarns as warp yarns and conductive yarns as weft yarns; nylon 6 composite woven cloth is woven by taking nylon 6 as warp yarn and conductive yarn as weft yarn by using a composite weaving process; aerogel is SiO with CNT nano particles uniformly distributed in the aerogel 2 An aerogel. The invention can effectively cope with the high-temperature environment of the polar terminal, has excellent high-temperature isolation performance and can improve the comfort of a wearer.

Description

Multifunctional layered structure protective textile, and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of textiles, in particular to a multifunctional layered structure protective textile, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Fire is a common disaster event that can lead to casualties, property damage, and environmental damage. Firefighters are the most immediate personnel to handle the fire and face multiple risk factors such as high temperature, flames, hazardous gases and chemicals. The firefighter uniform plays an indispensable protective role in the field of fire protection, and can ensure the life safety of firefighters in the rescue operation process to a great extent.
In recent years, the protection technology of firefighters has made little progress, and the thermal protection of firefighters uniforms has been enhanced by using fireproof materials, functional finishes, and structural designs. Functional materials such as fibrous aerogels, ceramic nanofiber membranes, phase change microcapsules, and shape memory materials can currently be integrated into firefighter uniforms to improve their thermal protection. However, the lack of safety monitoring functionality in these uniforms makes it challenging to accurately identify firefighter physiological signals, thereby impeding the handling of emergency situations. In addition, some firefighters currently have intelligent monitoring devices fitted to them to monitor the vital signs of the firefighters and the ambient temperature in real time and to give feedback information in the event of an abnormal situation. However, these intelligent monitoring devices require power from an external power source mounted on the firefighter uniform, which undoubtedly places a weight burden on the firefighter, and in extreme fire environments, external power sources may present a safety hazard. In addition, if the external power supply is exhausted or is high Wen Shousun, the safety of firefighters and surrounding environment cannot be continuously monitored. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a self-powered firefighter uniform that can accurately monitor physiological parameters and surrounding conditions of a firefighter and is lightweight, and that improves rescue efficiency while guaranteeing the life safety of the firefighter. The integration of the safety monitoring material can alert firefighters in time, so that the firefighters can timely take a safe and effective firefighting strategy in an extreme environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a multifunctional layered structure protective textile, a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention relates to a multifunctional layered structure protective textile, which comprises polyimide composite woven cloth and nylon 6 composite woven cloth which are overlapped from bottom to top, wherein the polyimide composite woven cloth forms a plurality of concave structures which are concave downwards through a hot pressing process, aerogel is filled in the concave structures, welding spots formed through an ultrasonic welding process are arranged on the periphery of the concave structures so as to tightly attach the polyimide composite woven cloth and the nylon 6 composite woven cloth, the aerogel is limited in the concave structures, the welding spots are conical micropores with wide upper parts and narrow lower parts, and the welding spots form wicking channels;
the polyimide composite woven cloth is formed by weaving polyimide yarns serving as warp yarns and conductive yarns formed by flame-retardant fibers which are impregnated by CNTs and dried by the CNTs serving as weft yarns by using a composite weaving process;
the nylon 6 composite woven cloth is formed by weaving nylon 6 serving as warp yarns and conductive yarns formed by dried flame-retardant fibers impregnated by CNTs serving as weft yarns by a composite weaving process;
the aerogel is SiO with CNT nano particles uniformly distributed in the aerogel 2 An aerogel.
Further, the flame-retardant fiber comprises one or more of flame-retardant viscose fiber, flame-retardant polyester fiber, flame-retardant viscose fiber and Nomex fiber.
The preparation method of the multifunctional layered structure protective textile comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing nylon 6 composite woven cloth;
s2, preparing polyimide composite woven cloth, forming a plurality of outwards protruding concave structures on the polyimide composite woven cloth through a hot-pressing process, and cooling for a certain time;
s3, preparing SiO with CNT nano particles uniformly distributed inside 2 An aerogel;
s4, uniformly distributing prepared SiO with CNT nano particles inside 2 Filling aerogel in each concave structure, placing the nylon 6 composite woven cloth prepared in the step S1 on the upper surface of the polyimide composite woven cloth with the concave structure prepared in the step S2, and stacking the woven cloth from top to bottom through an ultrasonic welding processWelding the objects to obtain the multifunctional layered structure protective textile for fire fighting; wherein, the welding spots surround each concave structure, the nylon 6 composite woven cloth and the polyimide composite woven cloth can be tightly attached, and SiO is used for the production of the composite woven cloth 2 Aerogel is limited in a concave structure, and a welding head adopted in the ultrasonic welding process is in a shape with wide upper part and narrow lower part;
step S3 is not sequential to step S1 and step S2.
Further, in step S2, the hot pressing process is specifically performed as follows; the method comprises the steps of adopting two iron plates, arranging hemispherical convex parts at intervals on an upper iron plate, arranging corresponding hemispherical concave parts at intervals on a lower iron plate, putting polyimide composite woven cloth between the upper iron plate and the lower iron plate, putting weights with certain mass on the upper iron plate, and putting the weights into an electrothermal air blowing box at 100-120 ℃ for 1-1.5 h.
Further, the diameter of the hemispherical convex parts arranged at intervals of the upper iron plates is 1-2cm, and the diameter of the corresponding hemispherical concave parts arranged at intervals of the lower iron plates is 2-3cm.
Further, the specific operation in step S3 is as follows: ultrasonically mixing a certain mass of CNT powder with a certain volume of dimethylformamide to form a CNT solution, and then performing SiO (silicon dioxide) treatment 2 Cutting aerogel into hemispherical shape with diameter of 1-2cm, soaking in CNT solution for 10-15 min, taking out, drying, and repeating soaking-drying for 3-5 times to uniformly distribute CNT on SiO 2 In an aerogel.
Further, in the CNT solution, the mass volume ratio of the CNT to the dimethylformamide is 5-10:100-200g/ml.
Further, each drying temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the drying time is 20-30 minutes.
The application of the multifunctional layered structure protective textile to intelligent firefighters' clothing is disclosed.
In the invention, the conical holes with wide inner and narrow outer formed by welding are easy to manufacture due to the processability of the nylon 6 fabric, and the nylon 6 composite woven cloth has hydrophilicity, so that the unidirectional moisture-conducting capacity of the conical holes can be enhanced, and the wearing comfort of the firefighter uniform in the rescue process is improved. Through the synergistic effect of the fiber network, the pores among the yarns and the tapered wicking channels, gas and moisture can easily permeate through the raised structures (namely the recessed structures on the polyimide composite woven cloth), so that the air permeability and the water vapor permeability of the raised structures are higher than those of the existing firefighter uniform fabrics on the market.
The protruding structure has a certain protection capability besides excellent heat insulation performance, and can prevent human bodies from being injured by sharp objects or chemicals. The layered structure has good compression resilience, so that the multifunctional layered structure protective textile can better cope with severe impact or sharp objects, thereby ensuring personal safety.
The multifunctional layered structure protective textile designed by the invention can effectively cope with the high-temperature environment of the polar end, has excellent high-temperature isolation performance, and can improve the comfort of a wearer. Polyimide composite woven cloth has excellent flame retardant property, raised structure and SiO filled in the raised structure 2 The aerogel can effectively isolate the high temperature of external environment, the nylon 6 composite woven cloth with excellent hydrophilicity can effectively adsorb moisture such as sweat, and the moisture adsorbed by the nylon 6 is rapidly and unidirectionally discharged to the outside through the conical wicking channel, so that the internal humidity of the firefighter uniform is reduced, the personal protection in the firefighter scene is enhanced, and the wearing comfort is improved.
The multifunctional layered structure protective textile can simulate the temperature and humidity regulating function of humps and has good flexibility and durability.
The multifunctional layered structure protective textile can also be used as a self-powered system to be embedded into a firefighter uniform to replace a traditional heavy external power supply and supply power for flexible wearing equipment on the firefighter uniform. The polyimide composite woven cloth and the nylon 6 composite woven cloth are both of warp and weft alternate woven structures, and under the action of external force pressing, the interweaving points of the warp and the weft and the SiO coated with CNT are arranged at the interweaving points of the warp and the weft 2 The resistance of the aerogel changes to generate an electric signal, and the electric signal passes through the conductive yarn and the SiO 2 The conductive network formed by the aerogel is transmitted to the intelligent wearing equipment. Furthermore, due to SiO 2 The aerogel has excellent rebound resilience, and the multifunctional layered structure protective textile can still keep good electric transmission under the cyclic pressing conditionAnd (3) outputting performance, and continuously supplying power for intelligent monitoring and early warning equipment. The multifunctional layered structure protective textile is sensitive to induction, stably displays resistance change even in a high-temperature environment, and still maintains reliable induction performance after 30s combustion test. Due to the superior performance and the adjustability of the multifunctional layered structure protective textile, the concept can provide a design guideline with application prospect for the uniform of the next generation firefighters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a multifunctional layered structure protective textile;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the construction of a multi-functional layered protective textile;
FIG. 3 is a graph of air and moisture permeability of different fabrics;
FIG. 4a is a graph of the resistance change of a multifunctional layered structure protective textile at different temperatures (30-250 ℃);
FIG. 4b is a graph of the results of resistance change tests during 30s combustion for a multi-functional layered structure protective textile at different temperatures (30-250 ℃);
FIG. 5a is the thermal conductivity of each fabric;
figure 5b is the bottom temperature of each fabric tested in a high temperature environment of 100 ℃.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The invention provides a multifunctional layered structure protective textile for fire protection, which is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of the manufacture of a multifunctional layered structure protective textile. The manufacturing technology comprises compound braiding, hot pressing, embedding and ultrasonic welding, wherein SiO is embedded by braiding compound cloth, hot pressing and forming 2 The aerogel and the ultrasonic welding composite woven cloth form a fabric layer to manufacture and mass produce the multifunctional layered structure protective textile.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
1. the polyimide yarn is used as warp yarn, and the conductive yarn formed by the flame-retardant fiber which is dried after being impregnated by the CNT is used as weft yarn, and the composite woven cloth is woven by using a composite weaving process. A composite woven cloth of nylon 6 and conductive yarn was woven in the same manner. The composite knitting technology is used as the existing mature technology, has flexible adjustability and can adjust and control parameters according to requirements, and the composite fabric with fitting requirements is knitted.
2. The hot pressing process adopts two iron plates, wherein the upper iron plate is provided with a hemispherical convex part with the diameter of 2cm, and the lower iron plate is provided with a hemispherical concave part with the diameter of 2.5 cm. The polyimide composite woven cloth is placed between an upper iron plate and a lower iron plate, a weight of 5-10kg is placed on the upper iron plate to give pressure, and then the polyimide composite woven cloth is heated in an electrothermal air box for 1h at 120 ℃. A plurality of concave structures are formed on the polyimide composite woven cloth.
3. 200ml of dimethylformamide was poured into a 500ml beaker, followed by pouring 10g of cnt powder into the beaker and ultrasonic vibration using an ultrasonic vibrator for 6 hours. SiO is made of 2 Cutting aerogel into hemispherical shape with diameter of 1.5cm, soaking in CNT solution for 15 min, taking out, and drying at 100-120deg.C for 30 min. Repeating the dipping and drying for 3 times to uniformly distribute the CNTs on the SiO 2 In an aerogel. After the hot pressing process is finished, the mixture is cooled at room temperature for 1h, and then SiO which is impregnated and dried by CNT, cut and has a hemispherical shape with a diameter of 1.5cm is put into the formed concave structure 2 An aerogel.
4. The ultrasonic welding process converts 60Hz current into 40KHz electric energy through an ultrasonic generator. The converted high frequency electrical energy is again converted into an equal frequency mechanical motion by the transducer and then transferred to the horn assembly. The welding head transmits the received vibration energy to the joint of the polyimide composite woven cloth and the nylon 6 composite woven cloth, converts the vibration energy into heat energy in a friction mode, and enables the polyimide composite woven cloth and the nylon 6 composite woven cloth to be tightly attached after the contact point is melted, so that a conical wicking channel is formed.
The raised structure (i.e., the recessed structure) is a nearly perfect protective barrier that maintains a relatively constant internal temperature from the extreme thermal environment. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the conical wicking channel, sweat can be discharged unidirectionally and rapidly, the humidity in the firefighter uniform is reduced, and the wearing comfort of the firefighter uniform is improved.
FIG. 2 is a structural distribution diagram of a multifunctional layered structure protective textile showing SiO coated with polyimide composite woven cloth (flame retardant layer) and nylon 6 composite woven cloth (thermal management layer) and built-in CNT therebetween 2 Aerogel (insulating layer/induction layer) and hump bionic structure (concave structure) endows the multifunctional layered structure with unique form for protecting textile. Notably, after multiple impregnations of the CNT, the SiO coated with the CNT 2 The resistance of the aerogel drops dramatically, probably because the CNT interconnections form a conductive network. SiO coated with CNT 2 Aerogel has a network structure of CNT nanoparticles interconnected in a single SiO 2 The smooth surface of the aerogel formed a dense CNT coating. SiO coated with CNT 2 Aerogels exhibit a relatively high carbon content, with carbon elements derived from CNT nanoparticles and uniformly distributed throughout the SiO 2 In aerogel fiber construction.
Figure 3 compares the air and moisture permeability of different fabrics. A conical wicking channel is formed between the polyimide composite woven cloth (flame retardant layer) and the nylon 6 composite woven cloth (thermal management layer). Because the nylon 6 composite woven cloth is easy to manufacture due to the processability, the conical holes with wide upper parts and narrow lower parts are formed by welding, and the nylon 6 composite woven cloth has hydrophilicity, so that the unidirectional moisture-conducting capacity of the conical holes can be enhanced, and the wearing comfort of the firefighter uniform in the rescue process is improved. Through the synergistic effect of the fiber network, the pores among the yarns and the tapered wicking channels, gas and moisture can easily permeate the raised structures, so that the air permeability and the water vapor permeability of the raised structures are higher than those of the existing firefighter uniform fabrics on the market. The protruding structure has a certain protection capability besides excellent heat insulation performance, and can prevent human bodies from being injured by sharp objects or chemicals. The layered structure has good compression resilience, so that the multifunctional layered structure protective textile can better cope with severe impact or sharp objects, thereby ensuring personal safety. The above reasons result in multifunctional layered protective textiles with higher breathability and water vapor transmission rates than conventional firefighters (type 97 firefighters and type 14 firefighters).
Fig. 4a shows the speed and speed of the resistance change of the multifunctional layered structure protective textile at different temperatures (30-250 c), the multifunctional layered structure protective textile is placed on a heating table, the temperature is set at 30-250 c, the same pressure is given for testing, the resistance change is basically similar, and it is shown that the multifunctional layered structure protective textile can respond quickly and stably even under high temperature environment. As shown in fig. 4b, it is notable that the multifunctional layered protective textile maintains a stable resistance change after a 30s burn test. In addition, when an object with a certain weight is placed on the multifunctional layered structure protective textile in a high-temperature environment (250 ℃), the electric signal of the multifunctional layered structure protective textile can be clearly monitored and output, the pressure distribution of the object can be clearly displayed, and the space pressure distribution of the same object has no difference with the difference of the performance of the environmental temperature (25 ℃). The multifunctional layered structure protective textile can be prevented from being influenced by external temperature and generate the same resistance change under the same pressure, and the multifunctional layered structure protective textile has excellent stability and sensitivity.
Based on these results, the proposed multifunctional layered structure protective textile has the ability to distinguish spatial pressure distribution, and thus has a broad prospect in applications such as wearable electronic devices exposed to extreme fire conditions, while the innovative multifunctional layered structure protective textile has important practical applications in a range of extreme environments.
FIGS. 5a and 5b are a comparison of the thermal conductivity of each fabric and the bottom temperature of each fabric tested in a high temperature environment at 100deg.C, as shown in FIG. 5a, the multifunctional layered structure protective textile has a thermal conductivity of 0.0362 W.m -1 ·K -1 Is close to the thermal conductivity of air (0.023 W.m) -1 ·K -1 ). The hump bionic layered structure design is beneficial to reducing the heat conductivity and preventing the environment from directly transferring heat to the environmentAnd (3) a human body. Thus, as shown in fig. 5b, the multifunctional layered protective textile exhibits the lowest bottom temperature when overlaid on a heating table at 100 ℃ compared to other firefighter garments, and delivers temperature to the skin at a slower rate than other fabrics. After 20 minutes of heating, the temperature of the multifunctional layered structure protective textile proximate to the skin reached 52.5 ℃, which is lower than the temperature of the 97 firefighter uniform fabric (89.2 ℃), the 14 firefighter uniform fabric (68.3 ℃) and the polyimide fabric (75.6 ℃) proximate to the skin. Since the multifunctional layered structure protective textile has an ultra-low thermal conductivity, the heat release rate of the multifunctional layered structure protective textile is significantly lower than that of the 97-type firefighter uniform fabric and the 14-type firefighter uniform fabric during a 60s combustion test. Materials with high heat release rates are more dangerous once ignited because they are placed in a high temperature environment to accelerate their thermal decomposition process more easily. Accordingly, a firefighter uniform having high fire resistance and low heat release rate can more effectively reduce the risk of injury and death.
The above is not relevant and is applicable to the prior art.
While certain specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing examples are provided for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and that various modifications or additions and substitutions to the described specific embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A multi-functional layered structure protective textile, characterized in that: the polyimide composite woven cloth and the nylon 6 composite woven cloth are stacked from bottom to top, a plurality of concave structures which are concave downwards are formed by the polyimide composite woven cloth through a hot pressing process, aerogel is filled in the concave structures, welding spots formed through an ultrasonic welding process are formed on the periphery of the concave structures, so that the polyimide composite woven cloth and the nylon 6 composite woven cloth are tightly attached, the aerogel is limited in the concave structures, the welding spots are conical micropores with wide upper parts and narrow lower parts, and the welding spots form a wicking channel;
the polyimide composite woven cloth is formed by weaving polyimide yarns serving as warp yarns and conductive yarns formed by flame-retardant fibers which are impregnated by CNTs and dried by the CNTs serving as weft yarns by using a composite weaving process;
the nylon 6 composite woven cloth is formed by weaving nylon 6 serving as warp yarns and conductive yarns formed by dried flame-retardant fibers impregnated by CNTs serving as weft yarns by a composite weaving process;
the aerogel is SiO with CNT nano particles uniformly distributed in the aerogel 2 An aerogel.
2. A multi-functional layered structure protective textile according to claim 1, wherein: the flame-retardant fiber comprises one or more of flame-retardant viscose fiber, flame-retardant polyester fiber and Nomex fiber.
3. A method for preparing a multifunctional layered structure protective textile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing nylon 6 composite woven cloth;
s2, preparing polyimide composite woven cloth, forming a plurality of outwards protruding concave structures on the polyimide composite woven cloth through a hot-pressing process, and cooling for a certain time;
s3, preparing SiO with CNT nano particles uniformly distributed inside 2 An aerogel;
s4, uniformly distributing prepared SiO with CNT nano particles inside 2 Filling aerogel in each concave structure, placing the nylon 6 composite woven cloth prepared in the step S1 on the upper surface of the polyimide composite woven cloth with the concave structure prepared in the step S2, and welding the stacked fabrics from top to bottom through an ultrasonic welding process to obtain the multifunctional layered cloth for fire controlA structural protective textile; wherein, the welding spots surround each concave structure, the nylon 6 composite woven cloth and the polyimide composite woven cloth can be tightly attached, and SiO is used for the production of the composite woven cloth 2 Aerogel is limited in a concave structure, and a welding head adopted in the ultrasonic welding process is in a shape with wide upper part and narrow lower part;
step S3 is not sequential to step S1 and step S2.
4. A method of preparation as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in step S2, the hot pressing process is specifically operated as follows; the method comprises the steps of adopting two iron plates, arranging hemispherical convex parts at intervals on an upper iron plate, arranging corresponding hemispherical concave parts at intervals on a lower iron plate, putting polyimide composite woven cloth between the upper iron plate and the lower iron plate, putting weights with certain mass on the upper iron plate, and putting the weights into an electrothermal air blowing box at 100-120 ℃ for 1-1.5 h.
5. The method of manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein: the diameter of the hemispherical convex parts arranged at intervals of the upper iron plates is 1-2cm, and the diameter of the corresponding hemispherical concave parts arranged at intervals of the lower iron plates is 2-3cm.
6. A method of preparation as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the specific operation of step S3 is: ultrasonically mixing a certain mass of CNT powder with a certain volume of dimethylformamide to form a CNT solution, and then performing SiO (silicon dioxide) treatment 2 Cutting aerogel into hemispherical shape with diameter of 1-2cm, soaking in CNT solution for 10-15 min, taking out, drying, and repeating soaking-drying for 3-5 times to uniformly distribute CNT on SiO 2 In an aerogel.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 6, wherein: in the CNT solution, the mass volume ratio of the CNT to the dimethylformamide is 5-10:100-200g/ml.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 6, wherein: the drying temperature is 100-120deg.C and the drying time is 20-30 min.
9. Use of a multifunctional layered structure protective textile according to claim 1 or 2 in intelligent firefighters.
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Citations (8)

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