CN1168866C - Method and equipment for stretching animal fibres - Google Patents
Method and equipment for stretching animal fibres Download PDFInfo
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- CN1168866C CN1168866C CNB021005575A CN02100557A CN1168866C CN 1168866 C CN1168866 C CN 1168866C CN B021005575 A CNB021005575 A CN B021005575A CN 02100557 A CN02100557 A CN 02100557A CN 1168866 C CN1168866 C CN 1168866C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an animal fiber stretching method and equipment thereof. The animal fiber stretching method comprises a fiber pretreating process, a damp-heat stretching process, a shaping process and a drying process, wherein the fiber pretreating process comprises a water solution immersion step. The animal fiber stretching method is characterized in that the fiber pretreating process adopts a technique combining the chemical physic liquor immersion with the roller rolling; the animal fiber stretching method also comprises a damp-heat storing step: when the equipment is started, an immersed wool top is firstly continuously fed in a storing tank stored in the storing tank for some time, and then output to a damp-heat stretching apparatus at the same speed so as to continuously and normally operate; the damp-heat stretching process adopts a positive damp-heat stretching technique. The equipment for implementing the method mainly comprises a two-immersion two-rolling apparatus combining the immersion and the rolling, and a planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher. The method and the equipment of the present invention can simultaneously increase the length and the thinness of the animal fibers, stabilize the quality and enhance the efficiency. The present invention has high industrial implementation value.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to the treatment technology of natural fabric, be specially a kind of drawing process and equipment thereof of animal fiber, international Patent classificating number intends being Int.Cl
7.D02J1/22; D01H5/28.
(2) background technology
Weaving is its main and most important two indexs or parameter with the length and the fineness of natural animal fiber.The length of natural animal fiber is long more, and fineness is thin more, and its spinning performance is just good more, and product quality is just high more, so its price is also just high more.But the length of natural animal fiber and fineness are subjected to the restriction of objective condition or natural conditions, and its length and fineness all are limited in certain scope, generally can not surmount.Particularly, the length of natural animal fiber is long more, and its fineness is just thick more; On the contrary, fineness is thin more, and its length is just short more.Desirable not only thin but also long weaving is extremely rare with the natural animal fiber.This means, the length of natural animal fiber and the restriction of fineness high-grade natural animal fibrous woven Products Development, utilize and expand production, can not satisfy the life requirement that people constantly increase and improve.Therefore, under the prerequisite of not damaging the natural animal fiber quality, the average length and the fineness that improve the natural animal fiber simultaneously are important topics with engineering and economic implications.
U.S. Pat 5477669 has just been announced a kind of process of utilizing chemical treatment and mechanical stretching to improve natural animal fibre length and fineness simultaneously.This method has been introduced a kind of earlier with certain chemical agent infiltration wool top (being the fiber pretreating process), then under certain wet heat condition with many rollers false twisting stretching device wool top (being damp and hot drawing process) that stretches, utilize hot water or steam to carry out temporary transient or permanent set at last more as required, can obtain and compared longer thinner natural animal fiber wool top originally.But this technology has the following disadvantages: the one, and the one-step method fiber pretreating process that is adopted can not make big molecule connecting keys such as the interior hydrogen bond of animal fiber, disulfide bond fully open, and is unfavorable to follow-up damp and hot stretching; The 2nd, many rollers false twisting stretching device that this technology adopted has adopted many groups belt transmission, and under the frequent change situation of wet heat condition, transmission is stable inadequately; The a plurality of stretching rollers dislocation configuration up and down of axially-aligned, do not mesh each other or do not grip, not pressurization, tensile force mainly from the false twisting of wool top itself and with the friction of stretching roller, stretching strength is little, the speed of a motor vehicle can not be fast, belongs to the passive type stretching; Also therefore must adopt a plurality of rollers continuously elongated (false twister of embodiment has adopted 8 stretching rollers of axially-aligned), otherwise quality can not guarantee; Drawing mechanism is huge, complicated simultaneously, uses also inconvenient.The 3rd, this technology setting process adopts heat (steam or hot water) typing continuously, and energy consumption is big, and the typing effect is also undesirable, also influences working environment simultaneously.
(3) summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is at the deficiency of above-mentioned technology, to provide a kind of more simple and effective new stretching animal fibres method and equipment thereof.It can make the stretching animal fibres steady quality, and efficient improves.
The technical scheme that the present invention solve the technical problem is, a kind of stretching animal fibres method is provided, its technical process comprises fiber pretreating process, damp and hot drawing process, setting process and stoving process successively, and described fiber pretreating process comprises the infiltration operation, it is characterized in that
A: the infiltration operation in the described fiber pretreating process adopts chemical liquid to soak into and the crowded process combined method of rolling of roll; Also comprise damp and hot storage procedure, will soak into wool top when its technology is meant and drives earlier and feed in the storage bin continuously and stored 30-60 minute, and then export to damp and hot stretcher and normally driving work continuously with identical speed;
B: described damp and hot drawing process adopts the damp and hot drawing process method of active type.
Another inventive point of the present invention also is and solve the technical problem simultaneously design and provide a kind of novel infiltration to roll two soaking two and roll infiltration equipment and planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher is the damp and hot stretcher of leading of combining with squeezing.Described two soak two rolls infiltration equipment and comprises immersion slot, deflector roll, feeding roller, it is characterized in that being equipped with successively in described immersion slot soaking into two groups on roller and roll.Described damp and hot stretcher comprises heater and the false twister of feeding roller, heating cabinet and Qi Nei, it is characterized in that described false twister is a planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher, it comprise fixed annulus or fixedly external gear Z6, the planetary gear Z5 that is meshed with it, with Z5 coaxial and stretch into bevel gear Z4 in the belt pulley, in belt pulley with the bevel gear Z3 of Z4 engagement, by the false twisting stretching roller of bevel gear Z3 transmission, and by false twisting stretching roller another false twisting stretching roller through gear pair Z2 and Z1 Synchronous Transmission and false twisting stretching roller coupling; On the former the false twisting stretching roller pressing spring is installed and relies on itself and back one false twisting stretching roller to keep engagement, form active type false twisting roller pair; The axis of rotation of false twisting stretching roller pair is fixedly mounted on two supports of belt pulley two walls; Z1-Z4 and false twisting stretching roller pair that belt pulley can drive in it are done revolution around its centre of gyration, and with its centre of gyration be designed to stretch process channel of wool top; The center of described fixed annulus Z6 is concentric with the centre of gyration of belt pulley, and the process channel of the wool top that also is designed to stretch.
The inventive method compared with prior art has following good effect:
1. improve the pretreated fiber quality of fiber.The inventive method and equipment are improved to infiltration, two method fiber pretreating process of storage with the infiltration one-step method fiber pretreating process of prior art, can fully reduce the contact power between the big molecule of fiber, help follow-up damp and hot stretching and carry out smoothly and effectively, improve preliminary treatment efficient or output simultaneously.Experimental study shows, in the fiber pretreating process, though used processing chemical agent is directly relevant with the quality quality of pretreatment of fiber in the aqueous solution, what is more important is handled the time length of fiber.In the fiber pretreating process that soaks into one-step method, fiber infiltrating time in immersion slot is longer, though this is favourable to the contact power between the big molecule of reduction fiber, it obviously will lower the wool top gait of march in other words with the attenuating speed of a motor vehicle is cost.This means the reduction of fiber manufactured goods output, economically may not be profitable.And to improve the speed of a motor vehicle, increase output, then must shorten fiber infiltrating time in immersion slot, and make the parsing time decreased of fiber macromolecular chain, contact power between the big molecule of fiber is fully descended or destroy, directly influence carrying out smoothly and effectively of follow-up damp and hot drawing process.Infiltration, two method fiber pretreating process of storage have been adopted in the inventive method design, though the time of wool top in immersion slot reduces relatively owing to the raising of the speed of a motor vehicle, making wool top increase relatively from the feeding immersion slot to the time that enters next step damp and hot drawing process but wool top is stored the long period that stops in storage bin, also is to increase relatively the time of wool top in fiber pretreating process process;
2. the speed of a motor vehicle increases, and output improves.In order further to improve the speed of a motor vehicle, increase output in the time of with design infiltration, two method fiber pretreating process of storage, is also improved soaking into technology, has designed the crowded infiltration process that combines of rolling of infiltration and roll.It can fast and effeciently soak into the feeding wool top.Engineer testing shows, after adopting the inventive method, the technology speed of a motor vehicle (feeding speed) can be brought up to 10-20 rice/minute (double end) from 3-13 rice/minute (single head) of prior art, the time of wool top in fiber pretreating process process but is increased to the 30-60 branch relatively, product yield can increase about 3-12 doubly approximately, the while constant product quality, production efficiency improves;
3. the damp and hot drawing process of active type is more effective.The planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher of unique design of the present invention can obviously improve the drawing process effect.So-called its false twisting stretching roller pair that adopts that actively is meant is to the gripping of fiber and the active that stretches, positive, strong; What is called is meant that effectively machinery driving efficiency improves, and the false twisting effect is obvious, tensile fiber steady quality and raising.
With the supporting invention equipment of the inventive method compared with prior art, have following good effect:
1. simple in structure, efficient improves.The used parts of planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher of the present invention reduce, compact conformation, and transmission efficiency improves; Described soak into that roller and roll form two soak two to roll the same mechanism of infiltration equipment simple be installed successively in immersion slot, working stability, effectively;
2. actively grip, drawing effect is good.The false twisting stretching roller pair of unique design of the present invention grips active, positive, strong to drawing of fiber, and false twisting is respond well, helps stabilizing and increasing of drawing process effect;
3. the speed of a motor vehicle improves, and output increases.To roll infiltration equipment good to the pretreating effect of fiber because process of the present invention and two soaks two, and described false twisting stretcher grips strong to tensile fiber, so, use the inventive method and equipment can significantly improve the speed of a motor vehicle and increase output.For example the test technology speed of a motor vehicle can reach 10-20 rice/minute, constant product quality and raising simultaneously.Therefore, adopt method and apparatus of the present invention, can reduce production costs, stabilized product quality improves product yield, and expection should have the practical significance and the tangible economic benefit of industrialization.
(4) description of drawings
Further specify the inventive method and equipment below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.
Fig. 1 is the overall procedure schematic diagram of process of the present invention; Wherein, F, F '--the animal fiber aggregate before and after stretching; 1--fiber pretreating process and equipment; Damp and hot drawing process of 2--and equipment; 3--setting process and equipment; 4--stoving process and equipment.
Fig. 2 is the concrete schematic diagram of fiber pretreating process of the present invention and equipment 1; Wherein, 5--immersion slot; The 6--storage bin; 15--soaks into roller; The 16--roll; The 17--deflector roll; 18--feeds roller.
Fig. 3 is the concrete schematic diagram of damp and hot stretching dress technology of the present invention and equipment 2; Wherein, 7--heating cabinet; The 8--heater; 9--planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher; The 10--feeding roller; 11,11 '--false twisting stretching roller; 26--master's case that stretches; 27--assists the stretching case.
Fig. 4 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher 9 of the present invention; Wherein, Z1, Z2, Z5--gear; Z3, Z4--bevel gear; The Z6--fixed annulus; 11--false twisting stretching roller pair; The hollow belt pulley of 13--; The 14--pressing spring; 20,21--false twisting stretching roller 11,11 ' support; 23,24, the concentric process channel of 25--stretching wool top.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of setting process equipment of the present invention; Wherein, 28--deflector roll; Jockey pulley; 30,31, first, second and third typing groove of 32--.
Fig. 6 is the another kind of concrete structure schematic diagram of planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher 9 of the present invention; Wherein, the fixing external gear of Z6--; Surplus same Fig. 4.
(5) specific embodiment
Further narrate the inventive method and equipment below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.
Animal fiber aggregate of the present invention (abbreviation wool top) F at first enters (referring to Fig. 1,2) in the fiber pre-processing device 1.Its objective is that the contact power that makes between the big molecule of animal fiber reduces, initial modulus descends, to help the smooth stretching of fiber.Fiber pre-processing device 1 mainly is made up of two parts.Wherein first is an immersion slot 5, and the aqueous solution is housed in it, perhaps adds the contact power that makes between the big molecule of animal fiber and reduces, and initial modulus descends, and internal stress reduces, the medicament mixed aqueous solution that helps stretching.Described medicament can be hydrogen bond between the big molecule of animal fiber, salt type bond, two sulfur-crosslinked keys were lost efficacy or weaken open agent, as urea, phenol, acetamide, sodium salicylate, thiocyanic acid receive, lithium bromide, low-alcohols (as butanols, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol), thioglycolic acid, ammonia salt, sulfites, TGA etc.Through preliminary treatment, be opened by hydrogen bond, salt type bond, disulfide bond between the big molecule of fiber assembly that soaks into.Infiltration temperature can be in room temperature--and 100 ℃ scope is selected, and is preferably 60--100 ℃; Also can finish by steam.Aqueous solution ph value is between 1-9.5 in the immersion slot; Infiltrating time is the 1-60 branch, according to the technology speed of a motor vehicle and feed quantity decision, thoroughly is principle to guarantee that wool top soaks into.In order to improve the effect of impregnation may of animal fiber, can also add the wetting agent (as peregal etc.) of an amount of (0.01--0.3%, weight), to improve the wettability of fiber.Concentration of wetting agent is suitably selected according to the kind of wetting agent.
In order to guarantee that the wool top fiber soaks into as far as possible fast, the feature of process of the present invention is that the infiltration operation in the described fiber pre-processing device 1 adopts chemical liquid to soak into and the crowded process combined method of rolling of roll.According to raw material condition, configure soakage water solution and the pressure that regulates roll 16, this process can also promptly improve under the situation of the speed of a motor vehicle in the short period of time, guarantees that the quick humidification of wool top fiber soaks into.The embodiment of the invention has specifically adopted two to soak two roll process methods.Soak two roll process methods in order to implement this two, the present invention has also designed corresponding infiltration equipment (referring to Fig. 2), but it is also uncomplicated.It comprises immersion slot 5, deflector roll 17, feeding roller 18, be characterised in that in described immersion slot 5 and infiltration roller 15 and 16 liang of groups of roll be installed successively by tensile fiber technical process order, first group the infiltration roller 15 technologies described feeding roller 18 that joins, the installation site is lower than the infiltration liquid level; Roll 16 is a pair roller, and its installation site should make to squeeze rolls face and be higher than the infiltration liquid level; Second group infiltration roller 15 and roll 16 installed high and low positions and is same as first group, and it soaks into continue first group roll 16 of roller 15 technologies, and its roll 16 technologies connect described deflector roll 17.Though according to designed " two soak two roll process methods " requirement, what embodiment provided is two groups of infiltration equipment that soak into roller 15 and roll 16 compositions, but this also means and cannot design by soaking into the infiltration equipment that roller 15 and roll 16 are formed more than one group or two groups, to adapt to may adjusting of technological parameter, satisfy the principles and requirements of the present invention's " chemical liquid soaks into and the crowded process combined method of rolling of roll ".
Second portion in the fiber pre-processing device 1 is the storage bin 6 of an insulation.Its objective is to make wetted wool top in the thermmal storage case 6 of fiber pre-processing device 1, store certain hour,, and then enter in drawing process and the equipment 2 and stretch so that hydrogen bond, salt type bond, disulfide bond between the big molecule of animal fiber fully open.The technical process of described moistening storage procedure is: during driving, will soak into wool top earlier and feed storage bin 6 continuously, but not output of storage bin 6, promptly the delivery roller of storage bin 6 is not worked, wool top only in storage bin 6 storage do not export; According to circumstances (hydrogen bond between the big molecule of raw material type and animal fiber, salt type bond, disulfide bond are fully opened situation), the certain hour that described wool top is stored in storage bin 6 can be 30-60 minute; Again with identical speed (i.e. wool top quantity requirement maintenance storage bin 6 in certain) output (the output deflector roll of storage bin 6 start working) dewing hot-stretch equipment, finish storage key point effect thereafter.In case after storing wool top in advance and finishing, equipment can continuously normal driving work.This means the present invention when normal the driving, storage, the key point of wool top in storage bin 6 is dynamically to carry out continuously.
The time that wool top of the present invention is stored in storage bin 6 is designed to 30-60 minute, but does not get rid of time that wool top stores less than 30 minutes or be longer than 60 minutes process in storage bin 6; Described wool top feeding speed be 10-20 rice/minute, do not get rid of wool top feeding speed for being lower than 10 meters/minute or be higher than 20 meters/timesharing and use the present invention yet.
Described drawing process and equipment 2 also comprise two parts (referring to Fig. 3): main stretched portion and auxiliary stretched portion, or claim positive stretched portion and typing stretched portion.The wool top F that is soaked at first enters in the main stretching case 26 after entering in damp and hot drawing process and the equipment 2, implements drawing process.Designed planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher 9 (referring to Fig. 4) in the main stretching case 26.The planetary gear Z5 that it comprises fixed annulus Z6, be meshed with it, coaxial and stretch into the bevel gear Z4 in the belt pulley 13, the bevel gear Z3 that belt pulley 13 in, meshes with Z4 with Z5, by the false twisting stretching roller 11 of bevel gear Z3 transmission, and by the false twisting stretching roller 11 ' of false twisting stretching roller 11 through gear pair Z2 and Z1 Synchronous Transmission and false twisting stretching roller 11 couplings; Spring 14 is installed on the false twisting stretching roller 11 and relies on it and 11 ' the maintenance engagement of false twisting stretching roller; False twisting stretching roller 11,11 ' the axis of rotation are fixedly mounted on the support 20,21 of 13 liang of walls of belt pulley; Belt pulley 13 can drive Z1-Z4 in it and false twisting stretching roller 11,11 ' and do revolution around its centre of gyration, and with its centre of gyration be designed to stretch process channel 23,24 of wool top; The center of described fixed annulus Z6 is concentric with the centre of gyration of belt pulley 13, and the process channel 25 of the wool top that also is designed to stretch.Its operation principle is: when belt pulley 13 rotated, on the one hand, gear Z4, Z5 had both done revolution around fixing Z6, did rotation again.By Z4 transmission Z3, Z3 drives false twisting stretching roller 11,11 ' revolution, carries wool top.On the other hand, when belt pulley 13 revolution, false twisting stretching roller 11,11 ' grips wool top F simultaneously again along its axis revolution, plays the effect of false twister, and the wool top F between feeding roller 10 and the false twisting stretching roller 11,11 ' is implemented false twisting.False twisting can make the interior fiber axis of wool top F to tight obvolvent, and cohesive force makes between interior fiber of the wool top F of stretching and the fiber does not have slippage, thereby fiber is taken out long drawing-down.
Described fixed gear Z6 also can be designed as fixedly external gear (referring to Fig. 6), and constitutes the planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher 9 of another kind of structure by it.Both effects are identical.
Described main stretching case 26 is airtight casings of damp-heat air.Temperature can be regulated in 40-100 ℃ in the main stretching case 26, is preferably 70-95 ℃.As required, the heating to wetting drawing of fiber can realize by steam or by heater in the casing 26.
Utilize planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher 9 of the present invention to carry out actively the stretching of false twisting effectively to soaking into wool top F.The false twisting stretching roller 11,11 ' that actively effectively is meant pressurization can be implemented strong gripping and stretching to soaking into good wool top F, imposes false twisting efficiently and conveying by planet circular system to soaking into wool top F again simultaneously.When false twisting wool top F is stretched, must make the wool top between the false twisting stretching roller 11,11 ' axially award certain constraint.The false twisting stretching roller 11 of false twister 9 of the present invention, 11 ' and the design of pressing spring 14 can finely satisfy actively gripping and the strong technological requirement that stretches.Just because of this, the wool top F that implements the false twisting stretching can be a branch of, also can be two bundles even more.This also is the difference with prior art.
Length and fineness by fiber in the wool top F after main the stretching generally can't reach production engineering specifications.Therefore, after main the stretching, should further implement to stretch, be referred to as auxiliary stretching or typing and stretch wool top F.But this stretching is in typing stretching case 27, the limit typing, and the limit stretches, and reaches designing requirement with length and the fineness that guarantees fiber in the wool top F.Typing stretching case 27 also is the airtight casing of damp-heat air heating and moistening.Its technological parameter is same as main stretching case 26 substantially.
As required, in main stretching case 26 and in the typing stretching case 27,2-3 and 4-6 described planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher 9 can have been designed respectively.Embodiment is designed to 6 (referring to Fig. 3).In 6 districts (comprising the predraft district between feeding roller 10 and first false twister 9) the false twisting stretcher of being made up of 6 stretching roller pairs 11,11 ', the draw ratio in predraft district is 1.01-1.04, and the draw ratio in preceding two districts is 1.---1.4; The draw ratio in 3 districts, back is between the 1.02-1.04.False twisting stretching roller 11,11 ' diameter can be designed as 50mm-80mm; The general 300mm-600mm of employing that spaces of two cover false twisting stretching rollers; Its pressure limit is designed to 200-500kg.Described technological parameter is suitable equally to the false twisting stretcher of other group numbers or district's number.Wool top in the stretching case makes fiber keep certain temperature and humidity by vapours or heater heating.Temperature range is 40 ℃-100 ℃.Humidity is 80-100%.Under the humid tropical condition in main and auxiliary stretching case 26,27, wool top F is implemented continuously elongated by described planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher 9, and fibre length is elongated gradually in the wool top F, and fineness is gradually by drawing-down, thereby has realized the object of the invention substantially.
The back interior fiber of wool top F of implementing to stretch has the trend of recovering original length and fineness.In order to make fibre length and fineness after wool top stretches keep stable, need finalize the design to the fiber in the wool top, promptly carry out setting process.
The setting process of prior art is generally three-flute hot water setting process, and further feature of the present invention is the described setting process 3 employings first groove cold water, and second groove or second and third groove adopt the setting process method of hot water, and the hot water temperature is 40-100 ℃; Cold water is room temperature water.For the how better product of the performance development that makes full use of the stretching wool, the typing wool top after the stretching has temporary transient typing and two kinds of technologies of permanent set.But which kind of setting process all should make the fiber in the wool top handle certain hour under tensioning state.Design typification equipment can comprise handles 3 of typing grooves.As required, can adopt 2 grooves during temporary transient setting process, the 1st groove adopts the technology of the wool top of stretcher output being carried out cold water flush; Second groove adopts hot water wash to boil, and temperature is 40-100 ℃.During permanent set, adopt 3 grooves, the 1st groove carries out cold water flush to the wool top after stretching; Second groove adopts hot water (temperature is 40-100 ℃), perhaps adds hydrogen peroxide (concentration 35%) the typing soup typing of 1-2% (weight) simultaneously, and three-flute adopts hot water wash to boil, and temperature is 40-100 ℃.
Described temporary transient setting process is meant that the fiber after the stretching puts into the setting process that boiling water still can bounce back.Utilize this characteristics, can and there not be the animal fiber of stretching or fibers such as terylene, acrylic, cotton mix spinning by a certain percentage with the animal fiber after stretching, after being processed into yarn, in dyeing and finishing process, handle with methods such as hot water, utilize the nerve of drawing of fiber, make drawing of fiber return to original length, thereby be processed into fluffy animal wool yarn.Use the product of this hair development of raw materials, treated, feel is fine.
Described permanent set technology is meant that the fiber of stretching puts into 1 hour its degree of stability of boiling water and be higher than 95% setting process.In order to improve the degree of permanent set, in the second typing groove of modular system 3, need to add medicaments such as composite oxidant, aldehyde, epoxide, acid amides, acid anhydrides, halo oxide.For example, the hydrogen peroxide oxidant that adds 0.5-3% will react the mercaptides ion of producing and shift out reaction system, thereby the hot water relaxation shrinkage that has guaranteed drawing of fiber reaches the purpose of permanent set less than 5%.
The further feature of the inventive method is that setting process 3 adopts typing of the first groove cold water or cold formed technology.Compare with the heat setting process of prior art, can save a large amount of valuable energy, improve the operation element environment, reduce production costs, improve or stabilized product quality.
Why adopt first groove, 30 cold formed technologies, be based on following principle: export the big molecule in the wool fibre to be in active state from the damp and hot drawing process of upper track, structural instability, if adopt (steam or hot water) heat setting process of prior art, big molecule in the wool fibre still or continuation can be in active state, the fast and stable that is unfavorable for the macromolecular structure that it is drawn back discongests is unfavorable for being elongated the fast and stable of the fibre structure that attenuates in other words; And adopt cold formed technology of the present invention, big molecule in the wool fibre that is in active state is cooled off rapidly, reduce its potential energy, " curing " its structure, or say and reduce macromolecular temperature vibration, impel generations such as disulfide bond, hydrogen bond to exchange reclosing at high proportion, thereby reach the purpose of fast shaping.It is many more that the new key of reclosing is set up, and energy is just low more, and the stability of typing wool fibre is good more.
After typing processing, pass through conventional stoving process 4 again, as modes such as hot-air seasoning or far infrared dryings, make the fiber regain reach 15---18%, wool top F just reaches designed product requirement, even the fibre length among the wool top F increases, fineness attenuates, improve the spun quality of natural animal fiber, become the not only thin but also long natural animal fiber wool top F ' after the processing.
Wool top F of the present invention can be continuous wool top or rove.Processed fiber is applicable to nearly all spinnable animal fiber in it, as wool, camel hair, yak hair, mohair, mohair etc. and their suede.Universal fibre fineness or diameter are 13---38um.
Provide specific embodiment below:
Embodiment 1:
Raw material: the pure wool wool top, fiber average fineness 21.35um average length 85.4mm, bar weighs 20 gram/rice.Add NaHSO in 80 ℃ of aqueous solution in pretreatment unit 1 bath
35% (weight), the ph value is 9, soaks into this wool top; With 10 meters/component velocity wool top is fed into damp and hot storage bin, in storage bin, deposited 40 minutes.Then, with same speed wool top is fed in the damp and hot stretcher in described 6 districts again and carry out damp and hot stretching.Drawing parameter is: draw ratio 6 districts are respectively: 1.04/1.3/1.3/1.04/1.04/1.04; Temperature is 100 ℃ in the stretching casing, and humidity is 80%; The false twisting roller is to 11,11 ' the 400kg that is pressurised into; 260 rev/mins of false twister revolutions.After the stretching, finalize the design by three slot type modular systems.Wherein, first groove is a cold water flush, and second groove is that 80 ℃ hot water boils and washes, and cleans with 60 ℃ of hot water at three-flute.By heated-air drying, promptly get stretch process wool top product at last.Through experiment, the average fineness of product wool is 18.86um, and length is 121.33mm; The boiling water retraction 20% of stretch process wool top.Behind this wool top with 45% and other conventional wool top mix spinning of 55%, dye processing and can obtain fluffy high-quality botany through over-cooking again.
Embodiment 2:
Process conditions are with embodiment 1.Difference is after stretching, to carry out permanent set by three slot type modular systems.Wherein, first groove is a cold water flush, and second groove is 80 ℃ a hot water, adds the H of 1% (weight) in the water
2O
2(35% concentration) is boiled with 60 ℃ of hot water at three-flute and to be washed.By heated-air drying, promptly get stretch process wool top product at last.Through experiment, the average fineness of product wool is 18.86um, and length is 121.33mm; The boiling water relaxation shrinkage 5% of stretch process wool top.Can process the botany of 12.5dtex by this wool top.
Embodiment 3:
Raw material: the pure wool wool top, fiber average fineness 20.65um average length 79.54mm, bar weighs 20 gram/rice.Add TGA 3% (weight) in 100 ℃ of aqueous solution in pretreatment unit 1 bath, the ph value is 3.5, soaks into this wool top; With 15 meters/component velocity wool top is fed into damp and hot storage bin, in storage bin, deposited 60 minutes.Then, with same speed wool top is fed in the damp and hot stretcher in described 6 districts again and carry out damp and hot stretching.Drawing parameter is: draw ratio 6 districts are respectively: 1.02/1.2/1.2/1.04/1.04/1.04; Temperature is 95 ℃ in the stretching casing, and humidity is 90%; The false twisting roller is to 11,11 ' the 300kg that is pressurised into; 320 rev/mins of false twister revolutions.After the stretching, finalize the design by three slot type modular systems.Wherein, first groove is a cold water flush, and second groove is 60 ℃ a hot water, boils with 60 ℃ of hot water at three-flute and washes.By heated-air drying, promptly get stretch process wool top product at last.Through experiment, the average fineness of product wool is 18.46um, and length is 106.3mm; The boiling water retraction 20% of stretch process wool top.Behind this wool top with 40% and other conventional wool top mix spinning of 60%, dye processing and can obtain fluffy high-quality botany through over-cooking again.
Embodiment 4:
Raw material: the pure wool wool top, fiber average fineness 20.65um average length 79.54mm, bar weighs 20 gram/rice.Add NaHSO in 100 ℃ of aqueous solution in pretreatment unit 1 bath
35% (weight), the ph value is 9.5, soaks into this wool top; With 18 meters/component velocity wool top is fed into damp and hot storage bin, in storage bin, deposited 30 minutes.Then, with same speed wool top is fed in the damp and hot stretcher in described 6 districts again and carry out damp and hot stretching.Drawing parameter is: draw ratio 6 districts are respectively: 1.01/1.3/1.3/1.04/1.04/1.04; Temperature is 75 ℃ in the stretching casing, and humidity is 100%; The false twisting roller is to 11,11 ' the 200kg that is pressurised into; 200 rev/mins of false twister revolutions.After the stretching, finalize the design by three slot type modular systems.Wherein, first groove is a cold water flush, and second groove is 100 ℃ a hot water, boils with 60 ℃ of hot water at three-flute and washes.By heated-air drying, promptly get stretch process wool top product at last.Through experiment, the average fineness of product wool is 18.66um, and length is 112.05mm; The boiling water retraction 20% of stretch process wool top.
Raw material: the pure wool wool top, fiber average fineness 23.45um average length 113.4mm, bar weighs 20 gram/rice.Add NaHSO in 100 ℃ of aqueous solution in pretreatment unit 1 bath
38% (weight), the ph value is 9.5, soaks into this wool top; With 10 meters/component velocity wool top is fed into damp and hot storage bin, in storage bin, deposited 60 minutes.Then, with same speed wool top is fed in the damp and hot stretcher in described 6 districts again and carry out damp and hot stretching.Drawing parameter is: draw ratio 6 districts are respectively: 1.04/1.3/1.3/1.04/1.04/1.04; Temperature is 100 ℃ in the stretching casing, and humidity is 80%; The false twisting roller is to 11,11 ' the 400kg that is pressurised into; 260 rev/mins of false twister revolutions.After the stretching, finalize the design by three slot type modular systems.Wherein, first groove is a cold water flush, and second groove is 80 ℃ a hot water, adds the H of 2% (weight) in the water
2O
2(35% concentration) is boiled with 60 ℃ of hot water at three-flute and to be washed.By heated-air drying, promptly get stretch process wool top product at last.Through experiment, the average fineness of product wool is 20.86um, and length is 142.3mm; The boiling water retraction about 5% of stretch process wool top.
Claims (9)
1. stretching animal fibres method, its technical process comprises fiber pretreating process (1), damp and hot drawing process (2), setting process (3) and stoving process (4) successively, described fiber pretreating process (1) comprises the infiltration operation, it is characterized in that
A: the infiltration operation in the described fiber pretreating process (1) adopts chemical liquid to soak into and the crowded process combined method of rolling of roll; Also comprise damp and hot storage procedure, will soak into wool top when its technology is meant and drives earlier and feed in the storage bin (6) continuously and stored 30-60 minute, and then export to damp and hot stretcher and normally driving work continuously with identical speed;
B: described damp and hot drawing process (2) adopts the damp and hot drawing process method of active type.
2. stretching animal fibres method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described infiltration operation adopt chemical liquid soak into roll (16) crowded roll combine two soak two roll process methods.
3. stretching animal fibres method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described setting process (3) adopts the first groove cold water, and second groove or second and third groove adopt the setting process method of hot water, and the hot water temperature is 40-100 ℃.
4. according to claim 3 or described stretching animal fibres method, it is characterized in that to add simultaneously in second groove in described three-flute setting process (3) hydrogen peroxide (35% concentration) the typing soup of 1-2% (weight).
5. according to claim 1, each described stretching animal fibres method device therefor in 2 or 4, damp and hot stretcher wherein, comprise feeding roller (10), heating cabinet (7) and heater (8) and false twister (9) in it, it is characterized in that described false twister (9) is a planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher (9), it comprises fixed annulus or fixing external gear Z6, the planetary gear Z5 that is meshed with it, coaxial and stretch into bevel gear Z4 in the belt pulley (13) with Z5, the bevel gear Z3 that in belt pulley (13), meshes with Z4, by the false twisting stretching roller (11) of bevel gear Z3 drive, and by the false twisting stretching roller (11 ') of false twisting stretching roller (11) through gear pair Z2 and Z1 Synchronous Transmission and false twisting stretching roller (11) coupling; Spring (14) is installed on the false twisting stretching roller (11) and relies on it and false twisting stretching roller (11 ') maintenance engagement; The axis of rotation of false twisting stretching roller (11), (11 ') is fixedly mounted on the support (20), (21) of belt pulley (13) two walls; Z1-Z4, false twisting stretching roller (11), (11 ') that belt pulley (13) can drive in it are done revolution around its centre of gyration, and with its centre of gyration be designed to stretch process channel (23), (24) of wool top; The center of described fixed annulus Z6 is concentric with the centre of gyration of belt pulley (13), and the process channel (25) of the wool top that also is designed to stretch.
6. stretching animal fibres method device therefor according to claim 3, damp and hot stretcher wherein, comprise feeding roller (10), heating cabinet (7) and heater (8) and false twister (9) in it, it is characterized in that described false twister (9) is a planetary gear train type false twisting stretcher (9), it comprises fixed annulus or fixing external gear Z6, the planetary gear Z5 that is meshed with it, coaxial and stretch into bevel gear Z4 in the belt pulley (13) with Z5, the bevel gear Z3 that in belt pulley (13), meshes with Z4, by the false twisting stretching roller (11) of bevel gear Z3 drive, and by the false twisting stretching roller (11 ') of false twisting stretching roller (11) through gear pair Z2 and Z1 Synchronous Transmission and false twisting stretching roller (11) coupling; Spring (14) is installed on the false twisting stretching roller (11) and relies on it and false twisting stretching roller (11 ') maintenance engagement; The axis of rotation of false twisting stretching roller (11), (11 ') is fixedly mounted on the support (20), (21) of belt pulley (13) two walls; Z1-Z4, false twisting stretching roller (11), (11 ') that belt pulley (13) can drive in it are done revolution around its centre of gyration, and with its centre of gyration be designed to stretch process channel (23), (24) of wool top; The center of described fixed annulus Z6 is concentric with the centre of gyration of belt pulley (13), and the process channel (25) of the wool top that also is designed to stretch.
7. according to claim 1,2,4 or 6 described stretching animal fibres method device therefors, infiltration equipment wherein comprises immersion slot (5), deflector roll (17); Feeding roller (18), it is characterized in that in described immersion slot (5), (16) two groups on infiltration roller (15) and roll being installed in proper order successively by the tensile fiber technical process, first group infiltration roller (15) the technology described feeding roller (18) that joins, the installation site is lower than the infiltration liquid level; Roll (16) is a pair roller, and its installation site should make to squeeze rolls face and be higher than the infiltration liquid level; Second group infiltration roller (15) and roll (16) are installed high and low position and are same as first group, and it soaks into continue first group roll (16) of roller (15) technology, and its roll (16) technology connects described deflector roll (17).
8. stretching animal fibres method device therefor according to claim 3, infiltration equipment wherein comprises immersion slot (5), deflector roll (17); Feeding roller (18), it is characterized in that in described immersion slot (5), (16) two groups on infiltration roller (15) and roll being installed in proper order successively by the tensile fiber technical process, first group infiltration roller (15) the technology described feeding roller (18) that joins, the installation site is lower than the infiltration liquid level; Roll (16) is a pair roller, and its installation site should make to squeeze rolls face and be higher than the infiltration liquid level; Second group infiltration roller (15) and roll (16) are installed high and low position and are same as first group, and it soaks into continue first group roll (16) of roller (15) technology, and its roll (16) technology connects described deflector roll (17).
9. stretching animal fibres method device therefor according to claim 5, infiltration equipment wherein comprises immersion slot (5), deflector roll (17); Feeding roller (18), it is characterized in that in described immersion slot (5), (16) two groups on infiltration roller (15) and roll being installed in proper order successively by the tensile fiber technical process, first group infiltration roller (15) the technology described feeding roller (18) that joins, the installation site is lower than the infiltration liquid level; Roll (16) is a pair roller, and its installation site should make to squeeze rolls face and be higher than the infiltration liquid level; Second group infiltration roller (15) and roll (16) are installed high and low position and are same as first group, and it soaks into continue first group roll (16) of roller (15) technology, and its roll (16) technology connects described deflector roll (17).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021005575A CN1168866C (en) | 2002-02-05 | 2002-02-05 | Method and equipment for stretching animal fibres |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021005575A CN1168866C (en) | 2002-02-05 | 2002-02-05 | Method and equipment for stretching animal fibres |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1363732A CN1363732A (en) | 2002-08-14 |
| CN1168866C true CN1168866C (en) | 2004-09-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB021005575A Expired - Fee Related CN1168866C (en) | 2002-02-05 | 2002-02-05 | Method and equipment for stretching animal fibres |
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| CN104264249B (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2017-01-18 | 江苏埃塞启航新材料装备制造有限公司 | Steam heating box for high-intensity polyphenylene sulfide composite filament production equipment |
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