CN116886191A - Large-area optical signal rapid capturing method, system, device and storage medium - Google Patents
Large-area optical signal rapid capturing method, system, device and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN116886191A CN116886191A CN202310961757.6A CN202310961757A CN116886191A CN 116886191 A CN116886191 A CN 116886191A CN 202310961757 A CN202310961757 A CN 202310961757A CN 116886191 A CN116886191 A CN 116886191A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/118—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum specially adapted for satellite communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/501—Structural aspects
- H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
- H04B10/556—Digital modulation, e.g. differential phase shift keying [DPSK] or frequency shift keying [FSK]
- H04B10/5561—Digital phase modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/695—Control of camera direction for changing a field of view, e.g. pan, tilt or based on tracking of objects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
- H04N3/02—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by optical-mechanical means only
- H04N3/06—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by optical-mechanical means only having a moving lens or other refractor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
- H04N3/10—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical
- H04N3/16—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by deflecting electron beam in cathode-ray tube, e.g. scanning corrections
- H04N3/26—Modifications of scanning arrangements to improve focusing
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Abstract
The application discloses a rapid capturing method, a system, a device and a storage medium for optical signals of a larger uncertain region, which are based on a wave front modulation technology and a super-large uncertain region inter-satellite laser pointing direction searching strategy matched with a coarse servo turntable.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of inter-satellite laser communication capture, in particular to a rapid capturing method, a rapid capturing system, a rapid capturing device and a storage medium for optical signals of a large uncertain region.
Background
With the increasing technical demands of low-orbit satellite carrying light, small-sized, low-power consumption and small-volume communication load and satellite networking communication, novel capture and tracking strategies represented by beaconing capture and tracking technologies for scanning signal beams to cover uncertain areas in space laser communication are generated. Scanning modes commonly adopted in the space laser communication system are raster scanning, spiral scanning, raster spiral scanning, rose scanning and Lissajous scanning.
The scanning track of the raster scanning is like a rectangle, so the raster scanning is also called as rectangle scanning, the scanning mode is that the whole area to be scanned is scanned line by line from any one of four vertex angles of the uncertain area, a certain coverage angle is selected, after the line scanning is finished, the line scanning is started to be performed in the opposite direction after the upward or downward (the scanning position is used for determining the direction) is jumped, the line scanning is performed in the opposite direction until the scanning track covers the whole uncertain area, and the raster scanning has the advantages of being easy to realize in engineering, simple in executing process and capable of well covering the whole uncertain area. The disadvantage is that no matter from which vertex angle the scanning starts, the scanning starts from the point with lower capturing probability, resulting in lower capturing efficiency and longer capturing time. And the scanning track resembles a rectangle, some scanning time is wasted on the four corner regions of the rectangle in order to cover the capture uncertainty region that approximates a circle, thereby increasing the overall scanning time.
The spiral scanning is a scanning mode of covering the whole uncertain region according to the spiral mode. Since its scanning starts from the center point where the probability of occurrence of the target is highest, the capturing efficiency of such scanning is highest. The patent document with the application publication number of CN115396020A discloses a rapid spot capturing method and a rapid spot capturing system for a satellite-borne laser communication terminal, which shortens the scanning capturing time and increases the scanning capturing probability; planning a scanning path of a piezoelectric ceramic deflection mirror (PZT) in a scanning subarea, controlling the PZT to carry out fine scanning on the scanning subarea, and ending the scanning if a light spot is captured; if the scanning sub-area is scanned and no light spot is captured yet, controlling a motor to move to the center point of the next scanning sub-area according to the spiral scanning line with equal step length, performing coarse scanning, and if the light spot is captured after the motor moves, ending the scanning; if the light spot is not captured, a scanning path of the PZT in the current scanning subarea is planned, the PZT is controlled to perform fine scanning on the scanning subarea, and the steps are repeated until the light spot is captured or the motor completes all spiral walking points. The disadvantage of spiral scanning is that in order to completely cover the whole uncertain region, the overlapping region of adjacent scanning points needs to be increased, although the overlapping region is too large, the capturing success rate can be improved, but the scanning time can be increased, meanwhile, as the number of scanning turns increases, the scanning dead zone can be larger and larger, the capturing probability is also uncertain, and as the patent document with application publication number of CN115396020A discloses a capturing probability acquisition method for coarse and fine composite scanning of spiral scanning to accurately measure the capturing capability.
Raster helical scanning is also known as rectangular helical scanning. The scanning combines the advantages of raster scanning and spiral scanning, starts scanning from a center point with high capture probability density, and has good coverage uniformity, high scanning efficiency and no dead zone. The defects are that the turning points are more, the turntable needs to be started and stopped for a plurality of times in the process of changing the scanning direction, and the phenomenon of sudden acceleration and deceleration exists, so that the requirement on the execution precision of the driving motor is very high. The method commonly adopted in engineering is to discretize the scanning process, and the jump process of the grating spiral is completed in a mode of designing a two-dimensional array in a scanning algorithm.
Of course, besides the above three scans, there are rose scans and lissajous scans. The rose scanning is more suitable for satellite-borne platform application because each group of scanning starts from the center and is less affected by the vibration of the satellite platform; lissajous scanning can be very effective in scanning the entire uncertainty region. However, these two scanning methods have dead zones in the scanning process and are difficult to realize in engineering.
Because the beam divergence angle of the non-beacon capturing system is too small, if a servo turntable with a lower bandwidth is adopted for scanning coverage, the scanning coverage needs too long time, so that the quick scanning of an uncertain region is realized by adopting a galvanometer with a high servo bandwidth for realizing the quick capturing of the non-beacon. However, if the uncertain area is too large, the whole uncertain area cannot be covered by adopting the vibrating mirror for scanning, and a composite scanning mode of mutually matching a periscope type coarse servo turntable and a fine tracking vibrating mirror is provided for solving the problem, and the scanning mode can be regarded as a process of covering the uncertain area by adopting a plurality of sub-areas. But all laser link construction methods currently in use are based on a stable and constant beam transport size. When the target distance is far and the distribution is uncertain, the chain building searching time is greatly improved, which is unfavorable for continuously and stably building the chain.
And when the fixed star scaling fails, there is a large uncertainty region, fast capture tracking has not been achieved by conventional methods. The capturing efficiency of the existing signal light of 30-50urad in an uncertain region of 1mrad is about 10s, and once the uncertain region is larger than 10mrad, the capturing efficiency is even more. It will be difficult to achieve acquisition in the shorter time of satellite convergence.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application provides a rapid capturing method, a rapid capturing system, a rapid capturing device and a rapid capturing storage medium for an optical signal of a larger uncertain region, so as to solve the problems of long capturing time and long chain building searching time when the uncertain region is larger in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method of rapid acquisition of optical signals for a large uncertainty region, the method comprising:
s1, acquiring the approximate position of a predicted master-slave terminal machine according to ephemeris by using ground observation and a GPS positioning acquisition device and confirming the tracking distance of light;
s2, according to the tracking distance of light, realizing laser diffusion control of different divergence states of light beams by adopting wavefront modulation of a spatial light modulator, and realizing laser diffusion control of a determined light spot shape;
s3, utilizing wavefront modulation of the spatial light modulator to scan the laser spots rapidly, and realizing rapid scanning within a scattering range of the coverage satellite optical antenna head;
s4, using grating movement of the two-dimensional turntable according to the grating scanning layout, and moving the two-dimensional turntable to the next moving point to carry out S3;
s5, repeating the steps S4 and S3, and combining the scanning agility of the laser spots and the raster movement of the two-dimensional turntable to realize the rapid capturing and tracking of the optical signal composite scanning of the whole large uncertain area.
Preferably, the wavefront modulation of the laser parameters includes a focal length of the light, a divergence angle of the laser, a phase of the light, a deflection angle of the light, and an energy distribution of the light.
Preferably, the energy distribution of the light may be a square distribution, a circular distribution or an elliptical distribution.
Preferably, the larger uncertainty region is an uncertainty region having a capture angle of greater than 10 mrad.
Preferably, the tracking distance of the light is 100-5000 km.
Preferably, in the scanning shortcut, nine Gong Gefei overlapped rectangular scanning is adopted for square distribution tracking, overlapped rectangular scanning is adopted for elliptical distribution tracking, and petal-shaped rotary scanning is adopted for circular distribution tracking.
Based on the same conception, the scheme also provides an optical signal rapid capturing system aiming at a larger uncertain region, which comprises a GPS positioning acquisition device and a laser rapid chain building device, wherein the GPS positioning acquisition device is used for acquiring the approximate position of a master-slave terminal machine and confirming the tracking distance of light, the laser rapid chain building device comprises a spatial light modulator and a two-dimensional turntable, the spatial light modulator comprises a laser phase modulation module and a fixed focal length matching lens, a zoom lens is constructed through the laser phase modulation module, the zoom lens is in defocusing fit with the fixed focal length matching lens, wavefront modulation is carried out on laser parameters, the control of the scattering angle of a laser beam and the shaping deflection of a control beam are realized, the two-dimensional turntable realizes compound tracking through movement and the rapid full-coverage capturing tracking of the larger uncertain region through raster scanning layout, and the laser rapid chain building device captures an optical signal according to the optical signal rapid capturing method aiming at the larger uncertain region.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present solution also provides an optical signal rapid capturing device for a larger uncertainty area, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory being configured to store a computer program, the processor being configured to implement the optical signal rapid capturing method for a larger uncertainty area according to any one of the above-mentioned methods when the computer program is executed.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present solution also provides a computer-readable storage device, which stores a computer program that, when executed, implements the optical signal rapid capturing method for a large uncertainty area as set forth in any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the scheme has the beneficial effects that: the scheme is applied to the non-beacon capturing of a space laser communication terminal based on a laser wavefront modulation technology, and an uncertain region is scanned and fully covered by adopting a compound scanning mode of combining a laser shaping deflection module and a two-dimensional turntable; and once the uncertain region exceeds the maximum execution range of the laser shaping deflection module, the uncertain region cannot be completely covered by any existing scanning mode. Therefore, compared with the existing scanning mode, the combined scanning mode can be adopted for the uncertain region with any size, and therefore the mode has universal applicability; although the compound scanning method looks a bit complicated, the laser shaping deflection module and the two-dimensional turntable are needed to work in a mutual matching way, the laser shaping deflection module and the two-dimensional turntable are mutually independently controlled in the actual scanning process, the mutual interference is avoided, the time sequence is clear, the mode is easy to realize in the technical aspects of software and hardware in engineering, and the working mode is simple; the method is characterized in that a wave-front distribution, such as a divergence angle, energy distribution and the like, of laser is dynamically modulated by adopting a spatial light modulation device based on a wave-front modulation technology and a coarse servo turntable matched ultra-large uncertain area inter-satellite laser pointing direction searching strategy, rapid multi-shape scanning of light spots in a laser antenna coverage range is realized by utilizing a rapid variable scanning rate of the spatial light modulator above hundred hertz, all uncertain areas are searched in a large range by combining a two-dimensional turntable, and then further wave-front modulation is carried out based on a return signal to finish precise capture of a target load, so that rapid dynamic chain establishment is realized; the laser link construction method based on the laser wavefront modulation method can also be used for high-quality dynamic transmission of laser, the optimization of the laser link is realized based on the adjustment of various parameters of the laser, and the improvement of the signal to noise ratio is realized through the pre-focusing and the pre-compensation of the optical path.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a prior art raster scan pattern;
FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a prior art helical scan pattern;
FIG. 1c is a schematic diagram of a prior art raster helical scan approach;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a composite scan using circular spot petal-type rotational scanning in combination with raster shift rectangular scanning;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a composite scan formed by combining rectangular scanning with raster shift rectangular scanning with square spot rectangular scanning;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a composite scan formed by combining elliptical spot superposition rectangular scanning with raster movement rectangular scanning;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a master-slave capture strategy optical signal capture process;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a logic structure of an optical transceiver formed by the optical signal rapid capturing system and other structures according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
The embodiment provides a technical scheme that: a method of rapid acquisition of an optical signal for a large uncertainty region having an acquisition angle of greater than 10mrad, the method comprising:
s1, acquiring the rough position of a predicted master-slave terminal machine according to ephemeris by using ground observation and the ephemeris acquired by using a GPS positioning acquisition device, and confirming the tracking distance of light, wherein the distance is in the range of 100-5000 km;
s2, according to the tracking distance of light, realizing laser diffusion control of different divergence states of light beams by adopting wavefront modulation of a spatial light modulator, and realizing laser diffusion control of a determined light spot shape; square distribution tracking is adopted for 100-1000 km, elliptic distribution tracking is adopted for 1000-3000 km, and circular distribution tracking is adopted for more than 3000 km;
s3, utilizing wavefront modulation of the spatial light modulator to scan the laser spots rapidly, and realizing rapid scanning within a scattering range of the coverage satellite optical antenna head; the scanning shortcut is characterized in that nine Gong Gefei overlapped rectangular scanning is adopted for square distribution tracking, overlapped rectangular scanning is adopted for elliptical distribution tracking, and petal type rotary scanning is adopted for circular distribution tracking; when petal-type rotary scanning is adopted, the single-step petal scanning step length I θ The relation expression of the angle alpha of the beam divergence of the emitted light beam can be as follows
Wherein x is the overlap amount set for compensating micro vibration on the satellite, and θ is the laser beam divergence angle variation value, i.e. the front and rear beam divergence angle difference value θ=Δα=α 1 -α 2 。
S4, using grating movement of the two-dimensional turntable according to the grating scanning layout, and moving the two-dimensional turntable to the next moving point to carry out S3;
s5, repeating the steps S4 and S3, and combining the scanning agility of the laser spots and the raster movement of the two-dimensional turntable to realize the rapid capturing and tracking of the optical signal composite scanning of the whole large uncertain area.
With reference to fig. 4, the master-slave capturing strategy realizes the rapid scanning and the two-dimensional turntable compound scanning through the laser shaping deflection module, and completes the full coverage of the uncertain region. The laser shaping deflection module is controlled to enable the signal light to rapidly change the scanning uncertainty area with a certain overlapping probability, when a certain point is scanned under ideal conditions, the signal light beam is scratched to a detection view field of the slave optical end machine, the slave optical end machine corrects the self direction according to the direction of the light beam entering the view field, the master optical end machine returns to an initial position to stop scanning after the execution of a preset scanning track, at the moment, the slave optical end machine starts to scan the narrowed uncertainty area according to the point which just receives the correction of the master optical end machine as a scanning center point, and the master optical end machine finishes further alignment towards the direction of the slave optical end machine according to the same method. Because the master-slave capture strategy has no waiting time for response, the scanner cannot know whether the detector detects the optical signal, and in order to prevent the situation that the detector does not detect the optical signal, the scanner needs to scan the whole uncertain region every time. The mutual scanning mode of the two optical terminals is repeatedly executed, the self-pointing direction is continuously corrected, the alignment precision of the master optical terminal and the slave optical terminal is gradually improved, and the capture uncertainty area is gradually reduced. And when the other beam enters the field of view of the detector, the tracking sensor stops agile scanning and starts a tracking mode after responding, and the non-beacon capturing of the space laser communication is successfully realized. In this embodiment, the detector is a four-quadrant detector, and the tracking sensor is a CCD camera detector.
Based on the same conception, the scheme also provides an optical signal rapid capturing system aiming at a larger uncertain region, which comprises a GPS positioning acquisition device and a laser rapid chain building device, wherein the GPS positioning acquisition device is used for acquiring the approximate position of a master-slave terminal machine and confirming the tracking distance of light, the laser rapid chain building device comprises a spatial light modulator and a two-dimensional turntable, the spatial light modulator comprises a laser phase modulation module and a fixed focal length matching lens, a zoom lens is constructed through the laser phase modulation module, the zoom lens is in defocusing fit with the fixed focal length matching lens, wavefront modulation is carried out on laser parameters, the control of the scattering angle of a laser beam and the shaping deflection of a control beam are realized, the two-dimensional turntable realizes compound tracking through movement and the rapid full-coverage capturing tracking of the larger uncertain region through raster scanning layout, and the laser rapid chain building device captures an optical signal according to the optical signal rapid capturing method aiming at the larger uncertain region.
The laser parameter wavefront modulation comprises a focal length of light, a laser divergence angle, a phase of light, a deflection angle of light and an energy distribution of light. Related laser modulation technology and laser deflection technology are also described in chapter 7 of the teaching material "laser principle and application" of electronic information class professionals in higher schools, and related wavefront modulation and deflection related functions in the application can be realized by a controller setting method for a liquid crystal beam deflection system and the like disclosed in patent literature such as patent literature with application publication number of CN 111323985A.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present solution also provides an optical signal rapid capturing device for a larger uncertainty area, which is characterized by comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used for storing a computer program, and the processor is used for implementing the optical signal rapid capturing method for the larger uncertainty area according to any one of the above when executing the computer program.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present solution also provides a computer-readable storage device storing a computer program which, when executed, implements the optical signal rapid capturing method for a large uncertainty area as set forth in any one of the above.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept according to the present application within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of rapid acquisition of optical signals for a large uncertainty region, the method comprising:
s1, acquiring the approximate position of a predicted master-slave terminal machine according to ephemeris by using ground observation and a GPS positioning acquisition device and confirming the tracking distance of light;
s2, according to the tracking distance of light, realizing laser diffusion control of different divergence states of light beams by adopting wavefront modulation of a spatial light modulator, and realizing laser diffusion control of a determined light spot shape;
s3, utilizing wavefront modulation of the spatial light modulator to scan the laser spots rapidly, and realizing rapid scanning within a scattering range of the coverage satellite optical antenna head;
s4, using grating movement of the two-dimensional turntable according to the grating scanning layout, and moving the two-dimensional turntable to the next moving point to carry out S3;
s5, repeating the steps S4 and S3, and combining the scanning agility of the laser spots and the raster movement of the two-dimensional turntable to realize the rapid capturing and tracking of the optical signal composite scanning of the whole large uncertain area.
2. The rapid acquisition method of optical signals for a large uncertainty region according to claim 1, wherein: the laser parameter wavefront modulation comprises a focal length of light, a laser divergence angle, a phase of light, a deflection angle of light and an energy distribution of light.
3. The rapid acquisition method of optical signals for a large uncertainty region according to claim 2, characterized in that: the energy distribution of the light may be a square distribution, a circular distribution or an elliptical distribution.
4. The rapid acquisition method of optical signals for a large uncertainty region according to claim 1, wherein: the larger uncertainty region is an uncertainty region having a capture angle greater than 10 mrad.
5. The rapid acquisition method of optical signals for a large uncertainty region according to claim 1, wherein: the tracking distance of the light is 100-5000 km.
6. The rapid acquisition method of optical signals for a large uncertainty region according to claim 1, wherein: the method for determining the light spot shape according to the light tracking distance comprises the steps of adopting square distribution tracking for 100-1000 km, adopting elliptical distribution tracking for 1000-3000 km, and adopting circular distribution tracking for more than 3000 km.
7. The rapid acquisition method of optical signals for a large uncertainty region according to claim 6, wherein: the scanning shortcut is characterized in that nine Gong Gefei overlapped rectangular scanning is adopted for square distribution tracking, overlapped rectangular scanning is adopted for oval distribution tracking, and petal-type rotary scanning is adopted for circular distribution tracking.
8. An optical signal rapid acquisition system for a large uncertainty region, characterized by: the laser rapid chain building device comprises a GPS positioning acquisition device and a laser rapid chain building device, wherein the GPS positioning acquisition device is used for acquiring the approximate position of a master-slave terminal machine and confirming the tracking distance of light, the laser rapid chain building device comprises a spatial light modulator and a two-dimensional turntable, the spatial light modulator comprises a laser phase modulation module and a fixed focal length matching lens, a zoom lens is built through the laser phase modulation module, the zoom lens is in defocused fit with the fixed focal length matching lens, wavefront modulation is carried out on laser parameters, the control of the size of a laser beam divergence angle and the shaping deflection of a control beam are realized, the two-dimensional turntable realizes compound tracking through movement and the rapid full-coverage capturing tracking of a larger uncertain region through a grating scanning layout, and the laser rapid chain building device captures an optical signal according to the rapid capturing method for the optical signal of the larger uncertain region.
9. An optical signal fast acquisition device for a large uncertainty region, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory for storing a computer program, the processor for implementing the optical signal fast acquisition method for a large uncertainty region as claimed in any one of claims 1-7 when the computer program is executed.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, the storage device storing a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program when executed implements the optical signal fast acquisition method for a large uncertainty region as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.
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Application publication date: 20231013 |