CN116885447A - Broadband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on liquid crystal technology - Google Patents
Broadband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on liquid crystal technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN116885447A CN116885447A CN202310859693.9A CN202310859693A CN116885447A CN 116885447 A CN116885447 A CN 116885447A CN 202310859693 A CN202310859693 A CN 202310859693A CN 116885447 A CN116885447 A CN 116885447A
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on a liquid crystal technology, which comprises 64 broadband antenna units, 64 liquid crystal phase shifters, 1 set of synthetic feed network and 1 set of power control module. The invention has the advantages that: the liquid crystal technology is innovatively adopted in the radio frequency field, and under the condition of greatly reducing the cost, an economic phased array antenna is designed, and a novel antenna unit design is adopted; novel liquid crystal phase shifter designs; the special array mode design has the performance (except the antenna efficiency) meeting various requirements of the conventional phased array antenna, and can be designed for different application scenes such as vehicle-mounted and ground according to specific application requirements, and the 8 x 8 array can be used as a standardized module subarray and spliced into array antennas with the integer multiple sizes such as 8 x 16, 16 x 32, 32 x 32 and the like. The device can form rectangular arrays, cross arrays, quasi-circular arrays, polygonal arrays, stepped arrays and the like, has flexible and changeable use modes, and can meet the requirements of different indexes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a broadband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on a liquid crystal technology, which can be widely applied to satellite communication and ground communication.
Background
With the rapid development of new generation mobile communication and low orbit satellite constellation technology, the demand for phased array antennas is increasing. Conventional phased array antennas are difficult to meet the low cost requirement, and application of liquid crystal technology in the phased array antenna field is one of the representative solutions of low cost phased arrays.
The existing liquid crystal technology patents and inventions are in principle stages at present, and complete machine design capable of realizing complete phased array antenna functions is not available.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a broadband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on a liquid crystal technology, which has the performance (except antenna efficiency) meeting various requirements of a conventional phased array antenna, can be designed for different application scenes such as vehicle-mounted, ground and the like according to specific application requirements, can be used as a standardized module subarray by using the 8 x 8 array, and is spliced into array antennas with the integer multiple sizes such as 8 x 16, 16 x 32, 32 x 32 and the like for use. The device can form rectangular arrays, cross arrays, quasi-circular arrays, polygonal arrays, stepped arrays and the like, has flexible and changeable use modes, and can meet the requirements of different indexes.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the broadband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on the liquid crystal technology comprises 64 broadband antenna units, 64 liquid crystal phase shifters, 1 set of synthetic feed network and 1 set of power supply control module, wherein the broadband antenna units correspond to the liquid crystal phase shifters one by one, each liquid crystal phase shifter is connected with the power supply control module, and each liquid crystal phase shifter is connected with the synthetic feed network;
the broadband antenna unit adopts a slot coupling feed double-radiation laminated microstrip antenna suitable for liquid crystal and glass technology to widen the working bandwidth; the antenna array of the broadband antenna unit adopts a circular polarization unit rotation array, and expands the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth; the rectangular and triangular mixed array is adopted, so that the antenna spacing is increased.
The liquid crystal phase shifter controls the voltage between two layers of electrodes through the two layers of electrodes added on the surface of the liquid crystal layer, changes the dielectric constant of liquid crystal in an overlapping area, realizes the capacitance change of the overlapping area, and ensures that the phase of the phase shifter changes within the range of 0-360 degrees;
the synthesis feed network realizes the synthesis of all antenna unit signals;
the power supply control module calculates the phase shift quantity of each liquid crystal phase shifter through a wave beam pointing control program, and then controls the two electrodes on each liquid crystal phase shifter unit to generate different voltage differences so as to realize prefabricated phase shift.
Preferably, the broadband antenna unit adopts a multi-layer glass silver plating process to realize a microstrip circuit on the surface layer, the thickness of the glass is not limited to 0.5mm, the thickness of the liquid crystal box is not limited to 10um, an ITO protective film is added on the surface of the silver layer, and the used base material comprises not limited to glass, and can also be a PCB board.
Preferably, the wideband antenna unit includes a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch, a slot and a matching branch, the wideband antenna unit adopts but not limited to a double-layer radiation laminated structure, and can also be 3 layers or 4 layers, the chamfer on the patch changes the current path to generate circularly polarized radiation waves, the slot is a nonmetal gap on GND, the slot adopts but not limited to a 'I' -shaped or a 'C' -shaped, the structure ensures that the standing wave bandwidth of the antenna is superior to 17%, the matching branch 4 optimizes standing wave matching, and the wideband antenna unit can also be placed at the open end of a microstrip line, or can also be a sector, a T-shaped or the like.
Preferably, the broadband antenna units are arranged in a 90-degree clockwise (counter) rotation manner every 4 units, and are arranged in a triangular manner every two rows, so that the unit spacing in the longitudinal direction can be increased.
Preferably, the liquid crystal phase shifter is divided into an upper layer circuit and a lower layer circuit, the two layers of circuits are respectively arranged on the upper layer glass substrate and the lower layer glass substrate, and a liquid crystal layer is arranged between the two layers of glass substrates.
Preferably, the liquid crystal phase shifter comprises a first transmission line, a second transmission line, a third pattern, a fourth pattern, a fifth pattern, a sixth pattern, a seventh electrode and an eighth electrode, signals enter from the first transmission line, signals are output from the second transmission line, tuning capacitors are formed at overlapping parts of the third pattern and the fourth pattern, the tuning capacitors are not limited to 5 but can be more, lines adopted by the fifth pattern and the sixth pattern are high-resistance lines, the signals can be effectively prevented from passing through the positions, direct-current conduction performance of the electrodes is ensured, direct-current voltage is loaded between the seventh electrode and the eighth electrode, dielectric constants of liquid crystal layers in overlapping areas of the third pattern and the fourth pattern are changed, and the capacitance value of the tuning capacitors formed at overlapping parts of the third pattern and the fourth pattern is changed, so that the phase of the liquid crystal phase shifter is changed.
Wherein the liquid crystal phase shifter: a liquid crystal phase shifter is a programmable phased array based on liquid crystal material. When voltage is applied to the electrodes of the liquid crystal phase shifter, the liquid crystal in the characteristic electrode area of the liquid crystal changes the phase distribution, so that the radio frequency signals transmitted in the array are subjected to phase modulation, and the function of scanning the antenna beam is realized.
Circularly polarizing: when electromagnetic wave propagates in space, electromagnetic field vector propagates forwards along circular or elliptic path along propagation direction
Phased array antenna: an antenna of a pattern shape is changed by controlling a feed phase of a radiating element in an array antenna. The control phase can change the direction of the maximum value of the antenna pattern so as to achieve the purpose of beam scanning.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a broadband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on a liquid crystal technology, which has the following beneficial effects:
the invention combines satellite communication, especially innovatively adopts liquid crystal technology in the radio frequency field, and designs an economic phased array antenna under the condition of greatly reducing cost, wherein key technical points comprise; a novel antenna unit design is adopted; novel liquid crystal phase shifter designs; the special array mode design has the performance (except the antenna efficiency) meeting various requirements of the conventional phased array antenna, and can be designed for different application scenes such as vehicle-mounted and ground according to specific application requirements, and the 8 x 8 array can be used as a standardized module subarray and spliced into array antennas with the integer multiple sizes such as 8 x 16, 16 x 32, 32 x 32 and the like. The device can form rectangular arrays, cross arrays, quasi-circular arrays, polygonal arrays, stepped arrays and the like, has flexible and changeable use modes, and can meet the requirements of different indexes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal phase shifter according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an antenna stack design of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of a broadband antenna structure of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a layout diagram of a wideband antenna element arrangement of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of an antenna circuit configuration of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a normal pattern of a phased array antenna of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a scanning pattern of a phased array antenna of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-first transmission line, 2-second transmission line, 3-third pattern, 4-fourth pattern, 5-fifth pattern, 6-sixth pattern, 7-seventh electrode, 8-eighth electrode, 9-broadband antenna unit, 10-liquid crystal phase shifter, 11-radio frequency feed synthesis network, 12-direct current control electrode of liquid crystal phase shifter, 13-first radiation patch, 14-second radiation patch, 15-slit, 16-matching branch.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a wideband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on a liquid crystal technology comprises 64 wideband antenna units, 64 liquid crystal phase shifters, 1 set of synthetic feed network and 1 set of power supply control module, wherein the wideband antenna units are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid crystal phase shifters, each liquid crystal phase shifter is connected with the power supply control module, and each liquid crystal phase shifter is connected with the synthetic feed network;
the broadband antenna unit adopts a slot coupling feed double-radiation laminated microstrip antenna suitable for liquid crystal and glass technology to widen the working bandwidth; the antenna array of the broadband antenna unit adopts a circular polarization unit to rotate and group the array, so that the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth is widened; the rectangular and triangular mixed array is adopted, so that the antenna spacing is increased.
The liquid crystal phase shifter controls the voltage between two layers of electrodes through the two layers of electrodes added on the surface of the liquid crystal layer, changes the dielectric constant of liquid crystal in the overlapped area, realizes the capacitance change of the overlapped area, and ensures that the phase of the phase shifter changes within the range of 0-360 degrees;
the synthesis feed network realizes the synthesis of all antenna unit signals;
the power supply control module calculates the phase shift quantity of each liquid crystal phase shifter through a wave beam pointing control program, and then controls the two electrodes on each liquid crystal phase shifter unit to generate different voltage differences so as to realize prefabricated phase shift. As shown in fig. 3, the broadband antenna unit adopts a multi-layer glass silver plating process to realize a microstrip circuit on the surface layer, the thickness of the glass is not limited to 0.5mm, the thickness of the liquid crystal box is not limited to 10um, an ITO protective film is added on the surface of the silver layer, and the used substrate comprises but is not limited to glass and can also be a PCB board.
As shown in fig. 4, the wideband antenna unit includes a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch, a slot and a matching branch, the wideband antenna unit adopts but not limited to a double-layer radiation laminated structure, and may also be 3 layers or 4 layers, the chamfer on the patch changes the current path to generate a circularly polarized radiation wave, the slot is a non-metallized gap on GND, the slot adopts but not limited to a 'straight' shape, may also be an 'i' shape, and a 'C' shape, the structure ensures that the standing wave bandwidth of the antenna is better than 17%, the matching branch 4 optimizes the standing wave matching, and may also be placed at the open end of the microstrip line, or may also be a sector shape, a T shape, etc.
As shown in fig. 5, the wideband antenna elements are arranged in a 90 ° clockwise (counter) rotation every 4 elements, and in a triangular arrangement every two rows, the element pitch in the longitudinal direction can be increased.
As shown in fig. 2, the liquid crystal phase shifter is divided into an upper layer circuit and a lower layer circuit, the two layers of circuits are respectively arranged on the upper layer glass substrate and the lower layer glass substrate, and a liquid crystal layer is arranged between the two layers of glass substrates. The liquid crystal phase shifter comprises a first transmission line, a second transmission line, a third pattern, a fourth pattern, a fifth pattern, a sixth pattern, a seventh electrode and an eighth electrode, signals enter from the first transmission line, signals are output from the second transmission line, tuning capacitors are formed at the overlapping parts of the third pattern and the fourth pattern, the tuning capacitors are not limited to 5 but can be more, the lines adopted by the fifth pattern and the sixth pattern are high-resistance lines, the signals can be effectively prevented from passing through the high-resistance lines, the direct-current conduction performance of the electrodes is ensured, direct-current voltage is loaded between the seventh electrode and the eighth electrode, the dielectric constant of a liquid crystal layer in the overlapping area of the third pattern and the fourth pattern is changed, and the capacitance value of the tuning capacitor formed at the overlapping part of the third pattern and the fourth pattern is changed, so that the phase of the liquid crystal phase shifter is changed.
As shown in fig. 6, an antenna circuit structure is shown.
Example 1: the normal direction diagram of the design result of the phased array antenna designed as described above is shown in fig. 7.
Example 2: the scanning pattern of the design result of the phased array antenna designed as described above is shown in fig. 8.
The design results according to embodiments 1 and 2 show that the performance (except for the antenna efficiency) of the phased array antenna of the new design meets various requirements of the conventional phased array antenna.
In summary, the wideband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on the liquid crystal technology is used in combination with satellite communication, particularly, the liquid crystal technology is innovatively adopted in the radio frequency field, and under the condition of greatly reducing the cost, the economic phased array antenna is designed, and key technical points comprise; a novel antenna unit design is adopted; novel liquid crystal phase shifter designs; the special array mode design has the performance (except the antenna efficiency) meeting various requirements of the conventional phased array antenna, and can be designed for different application scenes such as vehicle-mounted and ground according to specific application requirements, and the 8 x 8 array can be used as a standardized module subarray and spliced into array antennas with the integer multiple sizes such as 8 x 16, 16 x 32, 32 x 32 and the like. The device can form rectangular arrays, cross arrays, quasi-circular arrays, polygonal arrays, stepped arrays and the like, has flexible and changeable use modes, and can meet the requirements of different indexes.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The broadband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on the liquid crystal technology is characterized by comprising 64 broadband antenna units, 64 liquid crystal phase shifters, 1 set of synthetic feed network and 1 set of power supply control module, wherein the broadband antenna units are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid crystal phase shifters, each liquid crystal phase shifter is connected with the power supply control module, and each liquid crystal phase shifter is connected with the synthetic feed network;
the broadband antenna unit adopts a slot coupling feed double-radiation laminated microstrip antenna suitable for liquid crystal and glass technology to widen the working bandwidth; the antenna array of the broadband antenna unit adopts a circular polarization unit rotation array, and expands the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth; the rectangular and triangular mixed array is adopted, so that the antenna spacing is increased;
the liquid crystal phase shifter controls the voltage between two layers of electrodes through the two layers of electrodes added on the surface of the liquid crystal layer, changes the dielectric constant of liquid crystal in an overlapping area, realizes the capacitance change of the overlapping area, and ensures that the phase of the phase shifter changes within the range of 0-360 degrees;
the synthesis feed network realizes the synthesis of all antenna unit signals;
the power supply control module calculates the phase shift quantity of each liquid crystal phase shifter through a wave beam pointing control program, and then controls the two electrodes on each liquid crystal phase shifter unit to generate different voltage differences so as to realize prefabricated phase shift.
2. The wideband circularly polarized phased array antenna for communication based on liquid crystal technology of claim 1, wherein: the broadband antenna unit adopts a multi-layer glass silver plating process to realize a micro-strip circuit on the surface layer, the thickness of the glass is not limited to 0.5mm, the thickness of the glass can also be other thicknesses, the thickness of the liquid crystal box is not limited to 10um, the thickness of the liquid crystal box can also be other thicknesses, an ITO protective film is added on the surface of the silver layer, and the used base material comprises but is not limited to glass, and can also be a PCB board.
3. The wideband circularly polarized phased array antenna for communication based on liquid crystal technology of claim 1, wherein: the broadband antenna unit comprises a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch, a gap and a matching branch, the broadband antenna unit adopts a double-layer radiation laminated structure, can be 3 layers or 4 layers, the cut angle on the patch changes the current path to generate circularly polarized radiation waves, the gap is a non-metallized gap on GND, the gap adopts a shape of but not limited to an 'I', can also be a shape of an 'I' and a shape of a 'C', the structure ensures that the standing wave bandwidth of the antenna is superior to 17%, the matching branch 4 optimizes standing wave matching, and can also be arranged at the open end of a microstrip line, can also be a sector, a T-shape and the like.
4. The wideband circularly polarized phased array antenna for communication based on liquid crystal technology of claim 1, wherein: the broadband antenna units are arranged in a 90-degree clockwise (anticlockwise) rotation mode every 4 units, and are arranged in a triangular mode every two rows, so that the unit spacing in the longitudinal direction can be increased.
5. The wideband circularly polarized phased array antenna for communication based on liquid crystal technology of claim 1, wherein: the liquid crystal phase shifter is divided into an upper layer circuit and a lower layer circuit, the two layers of circuits are respectively arranged on the upper layer glass substrate and the lower layer glass substrate, and a liquid crystal layer is arranged between the two layers of glass substrates.
6. The wideband circularly polarized phased array antenna for communication based on liquid crystal technology of claim 1, wherein: the liquid crystal phase shifter comprises a first transmission line, a second transmission line, a third pattern, a fourth pattern, a fifth pattern, a sixth pattern, a seventh electrode and an eighth electrode, signals enter from the first transmission line, signals are output from the second transmission line, tuning capacitors are formed at the overlapping parts of the third pattern and the fourth pattern, the number of the tuning capacitors is not limited to 5, the number of the tuning capacitors can be more, the lines adopted by the fifth pattern and the sixth pattern are high-resistance lines, direct-current voltages are loaded between the seventh electrode and the eighth electrode, the dielectric constant of a liquid crystal layer in the overlapping area of the third pattern and the fourth pattern is changed, and the capacitance value of the tuning capacitors formed at the overlapping parts of the third pattern and the fourth pattern is changed, so that the phase of the liquid crystal phase shifter is changed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310859693.9A CN116885447A (en) | 2023-07-13 | 2023-07-13 | Broadband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on liquid crystal technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310859693.9A CN116885447A (en) | 2023-07-13 | 2023-07-13 | Broadband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on liquid crystal technology |
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| CN202310859693.9A Pending CN116885447A (en) | 2023-07-13 | 2023-07-13 | Broadband circularly polarized communication phased array antenna based on liquid crystal technology |
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- 2023-07-13 CN CN202310859693.9A patent/CN116885447A/en active Pending
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