CN116878699B - Tunnel safety monitoring system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种隧道安全监测系统，涉及安全技术领域。所述系统包括：应力传感器和处理器；处理器用于：根据各应力传感器的坐标，确定各应力数据的权重；根据应力数据和权重，确定应力安全性测评分数；根据应力数据、权重，和应力传感器的坐标，确定应力集中安全性分数；根据应力安全性测评分数和应力集中安全性分数，确定隧道安全性分数；在隧道安全性分数小于或等于预设安全阈值的情况下，产生警报信号。根据本发明，可在隧道壁应力发生变化时可及时发现隧道壁的应力变化，提升隧道安全性的判断准确性，减少隧道安全隐患。
The invention provides a tunnel safety monitoring system and relates to the field of safety technology. The system includes: a stress sensor and a processor; the processor is used to: determine the weight of each stress data according to the coordinates of each stress sensor; determine the stress safety evaluation score according to the stress data and weight; and determine the stress safety evaluation score according to the stress data, weight, and stress. The coordinates of the sensor are used to determine the stress concentration safety score; the tunnel safety score is determined based on the stress safety measurement score and the stress concentration safety score; when the tunnel safety score is less than or equal to the preset safety threshold, an alarm signal is generated. According to the present invention, the stress change of the tunnel wall can be detected in time when the stress of the tunnel wall changes, thereby improving the accuracy of tunnel safety judgment and reducing tunnel safety hazards.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及安全技术领域，尤其涉及一种隧道安全监测系统。The invention relates to the field of safety technology, and in particular to a tunnel safety monitoring system.
背景技术Background technique
隧道内的施工过程常伴有多种危险，其中，隧道坍塌是造成生命财产损失的最危险的状况之一，在相关技术中，常在施工过程中对隧道进行加固，但如果隧道环境发生变化，例如，隧道壁的岩石浸水造成岩石重量增大，则难以及时发现隧道壁的应力变化，也难以做出相应的加固措施，可能造成隧道安全隐患。The construction process in a tunnel is often accompanied by a variety of dangers. Among them, tunnel collapse is one of the most dangerous situations causing loss of life and property. In related technologies, tunnels are often reinforced during the construction process, but if the tunnel environment changes For example, if the rock on the tunnel wall is immersed in water and the weight of the rock increases, it will be difficult to detect stress changes in the tunnel wall in time, and it will also be difficult to take corresponding reinforcement measures, which may cause tunnel safety hazards.
公开于本申请背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在加深对本申请的一般背景技术的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。The information disclosed in the background section of this application is only intended to deepen understanding of the general background of this application and should not be regarded as an admission or in any way implied that the information constitutes prior art that is already known to those skilled in the art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明实施例提供一种隧道安全监测系统，可在隧道壁应力发生变化时可及时发现隧道壁的应力变化，提升隧道安全性的判断准确性，减少隧道安全隐患。Embodiments of the present invention provide a tunnel safety monitoring system that can detect stress changes in the tunnel wall in time when the tunnel wall stress changes, thereby improving the accuracy of tunnel safety judgment and reducing tunnel safety hazards.
根据本发明的实施例，提供一种隧道安全监测系统，包括：在隧道内的隧道侧壁上布设的应力传感器网络，以及与应力传感器网络中的各个应力传感器进行连接的处理器；所述应力传感器网络包括多个应力传感器，所述多个应力传感器具有各自的坐标，所述应力传感器的坐标包括与隧道深度方向垂直的第一方向的第一坐标，以及与隧道深度方向平行的第二方向的第二坐标，各个所述应力传感器分别用于检测所述隧道内的隧道侧壁上各个位置的应力数据；所述处理器用于：根据各个应力传感器的坐标，确定各个应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重；根据所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据，以及所述应力数据的权重，确定应力安全性测评分数；根据所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据、所述应力数据的权重，以及所述应力传感器的坐标，确定应力集中安全性分数；根据所述应力安全性测评分数和所述应力集中安全性分数，确定隧道安全性分数；在所述隧道安全性分数小于或等于预设安全阈值的情况下，产生警报信号。According to an embodiment of the present invention, a tunnel safety monitoring system is provided, including: a stress sensor network arranged on the tunnel side wall in the tunnel, and a processor connected to each stress sensor in the stress sensor network; the stress The sensor network includes a plurality of stress sensors, the plurality of stress sensors having respective coordinates, the coordinates of the stress sensors including a first coordinate in a first direction perpendicular to the tunnel depth direction, and a second direction parallel to the tunnel depth direction. The second coordinate of each stress sensor is used to detect stress data at each position on the tunnel side wall in the tunnel; the processor is used to: determine the stress detected by each stress sensor according to the coordinates of each stress sensor. The weight of the data; determine the stress safety evaluation score according to the stress data detected by the stress sensor and the weight of the stress data; determine the stress safety evaluation score according to the stress data detected by the stress sensor, the stress data The weight, as well as the coordinates of the stress sensor, determine the stress concentration safety score; determine the tunnel safety score according to the stress safety measurement score and the stress concentration safety score; when the tunnel safety score is less than or equal to In the case of preset safety thresholds, an alarm signal is generated.
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据各个应力传感器的坐标，确定各个应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，包括：获取应力传感器的第一坐标；根据所述第一坐标，应力传感器之间在第一方向上的第一间隔距离，以及所述隧道在各个深度位置上的半径，确定所述应力传感器的高度数据；获取应力传感器的第二坐标；根据所述第二坐标，以及应力传感器之间在第二方向上的第二间隔距离，确定所述应力传感器的深度数据；根据所述应力传感器的高度数据和所述应力传感器的深度数据，确定所述应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重。According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the weight of the stress data detected by each stress sensor according to the coordinates of each stress sensor includes: obtaining the first coordinates of the stress sensors; according to the first coordinates, determining the first coordinate between the stress sensors. Determine the height data of the stress sensor based on the first separation distance in one direction and the radius of the tunnel at each depth position; obtain the second coordinates of the stress sensor; according to the second coordinates, and between the stress sensors Determine the depth data of the stress sensor at a second separation distance in the second direction; determine the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor based on the height data of the stress sensor and the depth data of the stress sensor.
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据所述应力传感器的高度数据和所述应力传感器的深度数据，确定所述应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，包括：根据公式确定所述应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，其中，/>为第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，/>为第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器的高度数据，/>为第二坐标为j对应的深度位置上的高度最大值，/>为第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器的深度数据，/>为隧道的深度最大值，i和j均为正整数。According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor according to the height data of the stress sensor and the depth data of the stress sensor includes: according to the formula Determine the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor, where,/> is the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j,/> is the height data of the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j,/> is the maximum height value at the depth position corresponding to the second coordinate j,/> is the depth data of the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j,/> is the maximum depth of the tunnel, and i and j are both positive integers.
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据，以及所述应力数据的权重，确定应力安全性测评分数，包括：根据各个应力传感器检测到的应力数据，以及预设的应力阈值，确定检测到的应力数据超过应力阈值的目标应力传感器的数量，与应力传感器的总数之间的第一比例；根据所述第一比例、所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据、所述应力数据的权重，以及所述预设的应力阈值，确定所述应力安全性测评分数。According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the stress safety evaluation score based on the stress data detected by the stress sensor and the weight of the stress data includes: based on the stress data detected by each stress sensor, and a predetermined Assuming a stress threshold, determine a first ratio between the number of target stress sensors whose detected stress data exceeds the stress threshold and the total number of stress sensors; according to the first ratio, the stress detected by the stress sensor Data, the weight of the stress data, and the preset stress threshold determine the stress safety evaluation score.
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据所述第一比例、所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据、所述应力数据的权重，以及所述预设的应力阈值，确定所述应力安全性测评分数，包括：根据公式确定所述应力安全性测评分数/>，其中，/>为第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器检测到的应力数据，/>为应力阈值，/>为第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，/>为第二坐标为j对应的深度位置上的应力传感器的数量，m为第二方向上的应力传感器数量，i≤/>，j≤m，且i，j，m和/>均为正整数，/>为第一比例。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the stress safety evaluation is determined based on the first ratio, the stress data detected by the stress sensor, the weight of the stress data, and the preset stress threshold. Fractions, including: According to the formula Determine the stress safety test score/> , where,/> is the stress data detected by the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j,/> is the stress threshold,/> is the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j,/> is the number of stress sensors at the depth position corresponding to the second coordinate j, m is the number of stress sensors in the second direction, i≤/> , j≤m, and i, j, m and/> are all positive integers,/> is the first ratio.
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据、所述应力数据的权重，以及所述应力传感器的坐标，确定应力集中安全性分数，包括：根据各个应力传感器检测到的应力数据，以及预设的应力阈值，确定检测到的应力数据超过应力阈值的目标应力传感器；获取目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据以及目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重；根据所述目标应力传感器的坐标，对所述目标应力传感器进行连通域检测处理，获得至少一个目标应力传感器集群，并确定每个目标应力传感器集群中的目标应力传感器的数量；根据目标应力传感器集群的数量、每个目标应力传感器集群中的目标应力传感器的数量、预设的应力阈值、各个目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据，以及所述目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，确定应力集中安全性分数。According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the stress concentration safety score according to the stress data detected by the stress sensor, the weight of the stress data, and the coordinates of the stress sensor includes: detecting according to each stress sensor The obtained stress data, as well as the preset stress threshold, determine the target stress sensor whose detected stress data exceeds the stress threshold; obtain the stress data detected by the target stress sensor and the weight of the stress data detected by the target stress sensor; according to the The coordinates of the target stress sensor, perform connected domain detection processing on the target stress sensor, obtain at least one target stress sensor cluster, and determine the number of target stress sensors in each target stress sensor cluster; according to the number of target stress sensor clusters, The stress concentration safety score is determined by the number of target stress sensors in each target stress sensor cluster, the preset stress threshold, the stress data detected by each target stress sensor, and the weight of the stress data detected by the target stress sensor. .
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据目标应力传感器集群的数量、每个目标应力传感器集群中的目标应力传感器的数量、预设的应力阈值、各个目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据，以及所述目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，确定应力集中安全性分数，包括：根据公式确定应力集中安全性分数/>，其中，为第k个目标应力传感器集群中的第s个目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据，/>为应力阈值，/>为第k个目标应力传感器集群中的第s个目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，/>为第k个目标应力传感器集群中的目标应力传感器的数量，N为目标应力传感器集群的数量，s≤/>，k≤N，s，k，N和/>均为正整数。According to an embodiment of the present invention, according to the number of target stress sensor clusters, the number of target stress sensors in each target stress sensor cluster, the preset stress threshold, the stress data detected by each target stress sensor, and the target The weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor determines the stress concentration safety score, including: according to the formula Determine stress concentration safety score/> ,in, is the stress data detected by the s-th target stress sensor in the k-th target stress sensor cluster,/> is the stress threshold,/> is the weight of the stress data detected by the s-th target stress sensor in the k-th target stress sensor cluster,/> is the number of target stress sensors in the kth target stress sensor cluster, N is the number of target stress sensor clusters, s≤/> ,k≤N,s,k,N and/> are all positive integers.
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据所述应力安全性测评分数和所述应力集中安全性分数，确定隧道安全性分数，包括：将所述应力安全性测评分数和所述应力集中安全性分数进行加权求和，获得所述隧道安全性分数。According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the tunnel safety score according to the stress safety test score and the stress concentration safety score includes: comparing the stress safety test score and the stress concentration safety score. A weighted summation is performed to obtain the tunnel safety score.
根据本发明的实施例的隧道安全监测系统，可通过应力传感器网络来检测隧道壁上多个位置的应力数据，并可从应力的大小和应力集中两个方面来判断隧道的安全性，在隧道壁应力发生变化时可及时发现隧道壁的应力变化，提升隧道安全性的判断准确性，减少隧道安全隐患。在确定应力安全性测评分数时，可求解应力数据与应力阈值之间偏差的加权平均值，从而获得应力安全性测评分数，不仅通过加权来使得应力安全性测评分数能够体现应力传感器的高度和深度对安全性的影响，还可在求解应力数据与应力阈值之间偏差时，对于超过应力阈值的应力数据与应力阈值均进行加权，保证了相减的数据的可比性，提升了应力安全性测评分数的准确性和客观性。在求解应力集中安全性分数时，可确定各个目标应力传感器集群对应的安全偏差的平均值，与目标应力传感器集群的数量的比值，并基于该比值来确定测量到超出安全上限的应力数据的目标应力传感器是否集中，从而使应力集中安全性分数能够客观且准确地反映应力集中的情况，更准确地反映隧道的安全性。According to the tunnel safety monitoring system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the stress data at multiple locations on the tunnel wall can be detected through the stress sensor network, and the safety of the tunnel can be judged from the two aspects of stress size and stress concentration. In the tunnel When the wall stress changes, the stress change of the tunnel wall can be detected in time, improving the accuracy of tunnel safety judgment and reducing tunnel safety hazards. When determining the stress safety test score, the weighted average of the deviations between the stress data and the stress threshold can be solved to obtain the stress safety test score. Not only weighting is used to make the stress safety test score reflect the height and depth of the stress sensor For the impact on safety, when solving for the deviation between stress data and stress thresholds, both stress data and stress thresholds that exceed the stress threshold can be weighted, ensuring the comparability of the subtracted data and improving stress safety evaluation. Accuracy and objectivity of scores. When solving for the stress concentration safety score, the ratio of the average safety deviation corresponding to each target stress sensor cluster to the number of target stress sensor clusters can be determined, and based on this ratio, the target that measures stress data exceeding the safety upper limit can be determined. Whether the stress sensors are concentrated, so that the stress concentration safety score can objectively and accurately reflect the stress concentration situation and more accurately reflect the safety of the tunnel.
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，而非限制本发明。根据下面参考附图对示例性实施例的详细说明，本发明的其它特征及方面将更清楚。It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit the invention. Other features and aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的实施例，In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.
图1示例性地示出根据本发明实施例的隧道安全监测系统的示意图；Figure 1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a tunnel safety monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2示例性地示出根据本发明实施例的隧道中的第一方向和第二方向的示意图；Figure 2 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a first direction and a second direction in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3示例性地示出根据本发明实施例的隧道壁的截面的示意图。Figure 3 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a tunnel wall according to an embodiment of the invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
下面以具体地实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with specific examples. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.
图1示例性地示出根据本发明实施例的隧道安全监测系统的示意图，所述系统包括：在隧道内的隧道侧壁上布设的应力传感器网络，以及与应力传感器网络中的各个应力传感器进行连接的处理器；所述应力传感器网络包括多个应力传感器，所述多个应力传感器具有各自的坐标，所述应力传感器的坐标包括与隧道深度方向垂直的第一方向的第一坐标，以及与隧道深度方向平行的第二方向的第二坐标，各个所述应力传感器分别用于检测所述隧道内的隧道侧壁上各个位置的应力数据；所述处理器用于：根据各个应力传感器的坐标，确定各个应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重；根据所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据，以及所述应力数据的权重，确定应力安全性测评分数；根据所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据、所述应力数据的权重，以及所述应力传感器的坐标，确定应力集中安全性分数；根据所述应力安全性测评分数和所述应力集中安全性分数，确定隧道安全性分数；在所述隧道安全性分数小于或等于预设安全阈值的情况下，产生警报信号。FIG. 1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a tunnel safety monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes: a stress sensor network arranged on the tunnel side wall in the tunnel, and an operation with each stress sensor in the stress sensor network. The connected processor; the stress sensor network includes a plurality of stress sensors, the plurality of stress sensors have respective coordinates, the coordinates of the stress sensors include a first coordinate in a first direction perpendicular to the tunnel depth direction, and The second coordinate in the second direction parallel to the depth direction of the tunnel, each of the stress sensors is used to detect stress data at each position on the tunnel side wall in the tunnel; the processor is used to: according to the coordinates of each stress sensor, Determine the weight of the stress data detected by each stress sensor; determine the stress safety evaluation score according to the stress data detected by the stress sensor and the weight of the stress data; determine the stress safety evaluation score according to the stress data detected by the stress sensor. The stress data, the weight of the stress data, and the coordinates of the stress sensor are used to determine the stress concentration safety score; the tunnel safety score is determined based on the stress safety measurement score and the stress concentration safety score; When the tunnel safety score is less than or equal to the preset safety threshold, an alarm signal is generated.
根据本发明的实施例的隧道安全监测系统，可通过应力传感器网络来检测隧道壁上多个位置的应力数据，并可从应力的大小和应力集中两个方面来判断隧道的安全性，在隧道壁应力发生变化时可及时发现隧道壁的应力变化，提升隧道安全性的判断准确性，减少隧道安全隐患。According to the tunnel safety monitoring system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the stress data at multiple locations on the tunnel wall can be detected through the stress sensor network, and the safety of the tunnel can be judged from the two aspects of stress size and stress concentration. In the tunnel When the wall stress changes, the stress changes of the tunnel wall can be detected in time, improving the accuracy of tunnel safety judgment and reducing tunnel safety hazards.
图2示例性地示出根据本发明实施例的隧道中的第一方向和第二方向的示意图；图3示例性地示出根据本发明实施例的隧道壁的截面的示意图。FIG. 2 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a first direction and a second direction in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a tunnel wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.
根据本发明的一个实施例，可在与隧道多个深度上，设置应力传感器，例如，在每个深度上，可设置多个深度坐标相同的应力传感器，以检测深度相同的隧道壁上多个位置处的应力数据。每个应力传感器可具有第一坐标和第二坐标，第二坐标越大，表示应力传感器所在的隧道深度越深，第一坐标则可与其在隧道内的高度具有相关关系，例如，隧道壁的截面为弧形，则如果某个应力传感器的第一坐标，为深度相同的多个应力传感器的第一坐标的最小或最大值，则应力传感器位于弧形底部，其对应的高度较低，如果某个应力传感器的第一坐标，为深度相同的多个应力传感器的第一坐标的中间值，则应力传感器位于弧形顶部，其对应的高度较高。According to an embodiment of the present invention, stress sensors can be set at multiple depths of the tunnel. For example, multiple stress sensors with the same depth coordinates can be set at each depth to detect multiple stress sensors on the tunnel wall with the same depth. Stress data at the location. Each stress sensor may have a first coordinate and a second coordinate. The larger the second coordinate is, the deeper the depth of the tunnel where the stress sensor is located. The first coordinate may be related to its height in the tunnel, for example, the height of the tunnel wall. The cross-section is an arc, then if the first coordinate of a stress sensor is the minimum or maximum value of the first coordinates of multiple stress sensors with the same depth, then the stress sensor is located at the bottom of the arc and its corresponding height is lower. If If the first coordinate of a certain stress sensor is the middle value of the first coordinates of multiple stress sensors with the same depth, then the stress sensor is located at the top of the arc and its corresponding height is higher.
根据本发明的一个实施例，应力传感器所在位置的高度和深度可影响隧道的安全性。例如，应力传感器所在的位置的高度越高，则在该应力传感器所在位置的应力出现异常时，危险程度越高，例如，隧道顶部不仅缺乏支撑，而且高度较高，如果发生落石等情况，则危险程度相较于隧道侧壁更高。又例如，应力传感器所在位置的深度越深，则在该应力传感器所在位置的应力出现异常时，危险程度越高，例如，如果隧道深处发生安全隐患，则对于人员的撤离难度更大，因此危险程度越高。因此，在确定隧道内的安全性时，可基于应力传感器的坐标来确定应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，即，为高度较高以及深度较深的应力传感器检测到的数据赋予更高的权重。According to one embodiment of the present invention, the height and depth of the location of the stress sensor may affect the safety of the tunnel. For example, the higher the height of the location where the stress sensor is located, the higher the risk when the stress at the location of the stress sensor is abnormal. For example, the top of the tunnel not only lacks support, but also has a higher height. If a rockfall occurs, then The level of danger is higher compared to the tunnel side walls. For another example, the deeper the location of the stress sensor, the higher the risk when the stress at the location of the stress sensor is abnormal. For example, if a safety hazard occurs deep in the tunnel, it will be more difficult for personnel to evacuate, so The higher the risk. Therefore, when determining the safety within a tunnel, the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor can be determined based on the coordinates of the stress sensor, that is, higher height and deeper depth are given to the data detected by the stress sensor. Weights.
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据各个应力传感器的坐标，确定各个应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，包括：获取应力传感器的第一坐标；根据所述第一坐标，应力传感器之间在第一方向上的第一间隔距离，以及所述隧道在各个深度位置上的半径，确定所述应力传感器的高度数据；获取应力传感器的第二坐标；根据所述第二坐标，以及应力传感器之间在第二方向上的第二间隔距离，确定所述应力传感器的深度数据；根据所述应力传感器的高度数据和所述应力传感器的深度数据，确定所述应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重。According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the weight of the stress data detected by each stress sensor according to the coordinates of each stress sensor includes: obtaining the first coordinates of the stress sensors; according to the first coordinates, determining the first coordinate between the stress sensors. Determine the height data of the stress sensor based on the first separation distance in one direction and the radius of the tunnel at each depth position; obtain the second coordinates of the stress sensor; according to the second coordinates, and between the stress sensors Determine the depth data of the stress sensor at a second separation distance in the second direction; determine the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor based on the height data of the stress sensor and the depth data of the stress sensor.
根据本发明的一个实施例，如上所述，隧道壁的截面为弧形，应力传感器之间在第一方向上的第一间隔距离为在所述弧形的弧线上的间隔距离，可认为应力传感器将弧形的弧线进行等分，每个等分点之间的距离即为所述第一间隔距离。应力传感器的高度数据则为应力传感器所在位置与弧形的弦之间的竖直距离。可基于应力传感器的第一坐标、及其所在深度位置上的半径，即，弧形的半径，以及第一间隔距离等参数，并基于几何运算即可获得各个应力传感器的高度数据。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as mentioned above, the cross-section of the tunnel wall is an arc, and the first separation distance between the stress sensors in the first direction is the separation distance on the arc of the arc, which can be considered The stress sensor divides the arc into equal parts, and the distance between each equal point is the first separation distance. The height data of the stress sensor is the vertical distance between the location of the stress sensor and the chord of the arc. The height data of each stress sensor can be obtained based on the first coordinate of the stress sensor and its radius at the depth position, that is, the radius of the arc, the first separation distance and other parameters, and based on geometric operations.
根据本发明的一个实施例，应力传感器的第二坐标则与应力传感器所在的隧道深度成正比，如果应力传感器在隧道深度方向上的间隔距离是固定的，即为第二间隔距离，则可通过应力传感器的第二坐标与第二间隔距离进行相乘，即可获得应力传感器的深度数据。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second coordinate of the stress sensor is proportional to the depth of the tunnel where the stress sensor is located. If the spacing distance of the stress sensor in the tunnel depth direction is fixed, which is the second spacing distance, then the The depth data of the stress sensor can be obtained by multiplying the second coordinate of the stress sensor by the second separation distance.
根据本发明的一个实施例，如上所述，应力传感器的所在位置的深度越深，则可赋予越大的权重，应力传感器所在位置的高度越高，则可赋予越大的权重。根据所述应力传感器的高度数据和所述应力传感器的深度数据，确定所述应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，包括：根据公式（1）确定所述应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，According to an embodiment of the present invention, as mentioned above, the deeper the depth of the location of the stress sensor, the greater the weight can be given, and the higher the height of the location of the stress sensor, the greater the weight can be given. Determining the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor according to the height data of the stress sensor and the depth data of the stress sensor includes: determining the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor according to formula (1),
（1） (1)
其中，为第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，/>为第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器的高度数据，/>为第二坐标为j对应的深度位置上的高度最大值，/>为第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器的深度数据，/>为隧道的深度最大值，i和j均为正整数。in, is the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j,/> is the height data of the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j,/> is the maximum height value at the depth position corresponding to the second coordinate j,/> is the depth data of the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j,/> is the maximum depth of the tunnel, and i and j are both positive integers.
根据本发明的一个实施例，在公式（1）中，可求解应力传感器的高度数据与其所在深度上所有应力传感器的高度最大值的比值，并求解应力传感器的深度数据与隧道的深度最大值的比值，并将两个比值相乘，可获得该应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重。从而实现应力传感器的所在位置的深度越深，则为其检测到的应力数据赋予更大的权重，以及应力传感器所在位置的高度越高，则为其检测到的应力数据赋予更大的权重的目的。提升通过应力数据反映隧道安全性的准确性和客观性。According to an embodiment of the present invention, in formula (1), the ratio of the height data of the stress sensor to the maximum height value of all stress sensors at its depth can be solved, and the ratio of the depth data of the stress sensor to the maximum depth value of the tunnel can be solved. Ratio, and multiplying the two ratios together, the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor can be obtained. In this way, the deeper the depth of the position of the stress sensor, the greater weight will be given to the stress data detected by it, and the higher the height of the position of the stress sensor, the greater the weight will be given to the stress data detected by it. Purpose. Improve the accuracy and objectivity of tunnel safety reflected through stress data.
根据本发明的一个实施例，在获得以上应力数据的权重后，可基于应力数据及其权重来测评隧道的安全性。可分两个方面来测评隧道的安全性，其一为应力数据的大小，其二为是否出现应力集中的现象。According to an embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the weight of the above stress data, the safety of the tunnel can be evaluated based on the stress data and its weight. The safety of tunnels can be evaluated in two aspects. One is the size of the stress data, and the other is whether there is stress concentration.
根据本发明的一个实施例，首先基于应力数据的大小和权重，来确定应力安全性测评分数。根据所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据，以及所述应力数据的权重，确定应力安全性测评分数，包括：根据各个应力传感器检测到的应力数据，以及预设的应力阈值，确定检测到的应力数据超过应力阈值的目标应力传感器的数量，与应力传感器的总数之间的第一比例；根据所述第一比例、所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据、所述应力数据的权重，以及所述预设的应力阈值，确定所述应力安全性测评分数。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the stress safety assessment score is first determined based on the size and weight of the stress data. Determining a stress safety evaluation score based on the stress data detected by the stress sensor and the weight of the stress data includes: determining the detected stress data based on the stress data detected by each stress sensor and a preset stress threshold. The first ratio between the number of target stress sensors whose stress data exceeds the stress threshold and the total number of stress sensors; according to the first ratio, the stress data detected by the stress sensor, and the weight of the stress data , and the preset stress threshold to determine the stress safety evaluation score.
根据本发明的一个实施例，第一比例为应力较大，超过阈值的目标应力传感器的数量与应力传感器的总数之比，该比例越大，则可认为存在危险性的位置越多，隧道安全性越低。可基于第一比例来求解应力安全性测评分数。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first ratio is the ratio of the number of target stress sensors with larger stresses exceeding the threshold to the total number of stress sensors. The larger the ratio, the more locations that can be considered dangerous, and the tunnel is safer. The lower the sex. The stress safety score can be solved based on the first ratio.
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据所述第一比例、所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据、所述应力数据的权重，以及所述预设的应力阈值，确定所述应力安全性测评分数，包括：根据公式（2）确定所述应力安全性测评分数，According to an embodiment of the present invention, the stress safety evaluation is determined based on the first ratio, the stress data detected by the stress sensor, the weight of the stress data, and the preset stress threshold. Scores, including: Determine the stress safety test score according to equation (2) ,
（2） (2)
其中，为第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器检测到的应力数据，/>为应力阈值，/>为第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，为第二坐标为j对应的深度位置上的应力传感器的数量，m为第二方向上的应力传感器数量，i≤/>，j≤m，且i，j，m和/>均为正整数，/>为第一比例。in, is the stress data detected by the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j,/> is the stress threshold,/> is the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j, is the number of stress sensors at the depth position corresponding to the second coordinate j, m is the number of stress sensors in the second direction, i≤/> , j≤m, and i, j, m and/> are all positive integers,/> is the first ratio.
根据本发明的一个实施例，在公式（2）中，表示超过应力阈值的应力数据的加权平均值，其中，/>为条件函数，表示如果第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器检测到的应力数据超过应力阈值，则条件函数值为对于应力数据进行加权后的值，否则，条件函数值为0，该项的分子则为对超过应力阈值的应力数据的加权求和值。该项分母为第一比例与应力传感器的总数的乘积，即为目标应力传感器的数量。因此，将该项的分子和分母相比，可获得超过应力阈值的应力数据的加权平均值。According to an embodiment of the present invention, in formula (2), Represents the weighted average of stress data exceeding the stress threshold, where /> is a conditional function, which means that if the stress data detected by the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j exceeds the stress threshold, then the conditional function value is the weighted value of the stress data; otherwise, the conditional function value is 0 , the numerator of this term is the weighted sum of stress data exceeding the stress threshold. The denominator of this term is the product of the first ratio and the total number of stress sensors, which is the number of target stress sensors. Therefore, comparing the numerator and denominator of this term gives a weighted average of the stress data that exceeds the stress threshold.
根据本发明的一个实施例，在公式（2）中，表示使用超过应力阈值的应力数据的权重对应力阈值进行加权平均的结果。其中，/>条件函数，表示如果第一坐标为i，第二坐标为j的应力传感器检测到的应力数据超过应力阈值，则条件函数值为该应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，因此，表示使用超过应力阈值的应力数据的权重对应力阈值进行加权求和的结果。该项的分母同样为第一比例与应力传感器的总数的乘积，即为目标应力传感器的数量。因此，该项为使用超过应力阈值的应力数据的权重对应力阈值进行加权平均的结果。According to an embodiment of the present invention, in formula (2), Represents the result of a weighted average of the stress threshold using the weight of stress data that exceeds the stress threshold. Among them,/> Conditional function, indicating that if the stress data detected by the stress sensor with the first coordinate being i and the second coordinate being j exceeds the stress threshold, then the conditional function value is the weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor, therefore, Represents the result of a weighted summation of the stress threshold using the weight of stress data that exceeds the stress threshold. The denominator of this term is also the product of the first ratio and the total number of stress sensors, which is the number of target stress sensors. Therefore, this term is the result of a weighted average of the stress threshold using the weight of the stress data that exceeds the stress threshold.
根据本发明的一个实施例，在公式（2）中，以上两项相减，表示超过应力阈值的应力数据的加权平均值，与超过应力阈值的应力数据的权重对应力阈值进行加权平均的结果相减，即为应力数据与应力阈值之间偏差的加权平均值。可求解应力数据与应力阈值之间偏差的加权平均值，与应力阈值的比值，该比值越大，则表明应力数据的加权平均值超过应力阈值的加权平均值之间的幅度越大，亦可表示安全性越差。通过1减去该比值，可获得应力安全性测评分数，应力安全性测评分数越高，则隧道内的安全性越高，反之，应力安全性测评分数越低，则隧道内的安全性越低。According to an embodiment of the present invention, in formula (2), the above two items are subtracted to represent the weighted average of the stress data that exceeds the stress threshold, and the result of the weighted average of the stress threshold with the weight of the stress data that exceeds the stress threshold. The subtraction is the weighted average of the deviations between the stress data and the stress threshold. The weighted average of the deviation between the stress data and the stress threshold can be solved, and the ratio to the stress threshold. The larger the ratio, the greater the amplitude between the weighted average of the stress data and the weighted average of the stress threshold. It can also be Indicates worse security. By subtracting this ratio from 1, the stress safety test score can be obtained. The higher the stress safety test score, the higher the safety in the tunnel. On the contrary, the lower the stress safety test score, the lower the safety in the tunnel. .
通过这种方式，可求解应力数据与应力阈值之间偏差的加权平均值，从而获得应力安全性测评分数，不仅通过加权来使得应力安全性测评分数能够体现应力传感器的高度和深度对安全性的影响，还可在求解应力数据与应力阈值之间偏差时，对于超过应力阈值的应力数据与应力阈值均进行加权，保证了相减的数据的可比性，提升了应力安全性测评分数的准确性和客观性。In this way, the weighted average of the deviations between the stress data and the stress threshold can be solved to obtain the stress safety measurement score. The stress safety measurement score is not only weighted to reflect the impact of the height and depth of the stress sensor on safety. In addition, when solving the deviation between the stress data and the stress threshold, both the stress data and the stress threshold that exceed the stress threshold can be weighted to ensure the comparability of the subtracted data and improve the accuracy of the stress safety measurement score. and objectivity.
根据本发明的一个实施例，还可确定是否出现应力集中的现象，根据所述应力传感器检测到的所述应力数据、所述应力数据的权重，以及所述应力传感器的坐标，确定应力集中安全性分数，包括：根据各个应力传感器检测到的应力数据，以及预设的应力阈值，确定检测到的应力数据超过应力阈值的目标应力传感器；获取目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据以及目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重；根据所述目标应力传感器的坐标，对所述目标应力传感器进行连通域检测处理，获得至少一个目标应力传感器集群，并确定每个目标应力传感器集群中的目标应力传感器的数量；根据目标应力传感器集群的数量、每个目标应力传感器集群中的目标应力传感器的数量、预设的应力阈值、各个目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据，以及所述目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，确定应力集中安全性分数。According to an embodiment of the present invention, it can also be determined whether stress concentration occurs, and the stress concentration safety can be determined based on the stress data detected by the stress sensor, the weight of the stress data, and the coordinates of the stress sensor. The performance score includes: determining the target stress sensor whose detected stress data exceeds the stress threshold based on the stress data detected by each stress sensor and the preset stress threshold; obtaining the stress data detected by the target stress sensor and the detection of the target stress sensor weight of the obtained stress data; perform connected domain detection processing on the target stress sensor according to the coordinates of the target stress sensor, obtain at least one target stress sensor cluster, and determine the weight of the target stress sensor in each target stress sensor cluster. Quantity; based on the number of target stress sensor clusters, the number of target stress sensors in each target stress sensor cluster, the preset stress threshold, the stress data detected by each target stress sensor, and the stress detected by the target stress sensor. The weight of the data determines the stress concentration safety score.
根据本发明的一个实施例，可确定检测到的应力数据超过应力阈值的目标应力传感器，以及目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重。进一步地，可根据目标应力传感器的坐标对目标应力传感器进行连通域检测处理，可将第一坐标和第二坐标中的至少一个连续的目标应力传感器划分至同一个目标应力传感器集群。经过连通域检测处理后，可得到至少一个目标应力传感器集群，还可统计每个目标应力传感器集群中的目标应力传感器的数量。According to an embodiment of the present invention, a target stress sensor whose detected stress data exceeds a stress threshold may be determined, and a weight of the stress data detected by the target stress sensor may be determined. Further, connected domain detection processing can be performed on the target stress sensor according to the coordinates of the target stress sensor, and at least one continuous target stress sensor in the first coordinate and the second coordinate can be divided into the same target stress sensor cluster. After the connected domain detection process, at least one target stress sensor cluster can be obtained, and the number of target stress sensors in each target stress sensor cluster can also be counted.
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据目标应力传感器集群的数量、每个目标应力传感器集群中的目标应力传感器的数量、预设的应力阈值、各个目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据，以及所述目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，确定应力集中安全性分数，包括：根据公式（3），确定应力集中安全性分数，According to an embodiment of the present invention, according to the number of target stress sensor clusters, the number of target stress sensors in each target stress sensor cluster, the preset stress threshold, the stress data detected by each target stress sensor, and the target The weight of the stress data detected by the stress sensor is used to determine the stress concentration safety score, including: according to formula (3), the stress concentration safety score is determined ,
（3） (3)
其中，为第k个目标应力传感器集群中的第s个目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据，/>为应力阈值，/>为第k个目标应力传感器集群中的第s个目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据的权重，/>为第k个目标应力传感器集群中的目标应力传感器的数量，N为目标应力传感器集群的数量，s≤/>，k≤N，s，k，N和/>均为正整数。in, is the stress data detected by the s-th target stress sensor in the k-th target stress sensor cluster,/> is the stress threshold,/> is the weight of the stress data detected by the s-th target stress sensor in the k-th target stress sensor cluster,/> is the number of target stress sensors in the kth target stress sensor cluster, N is the number of target stress sensor clusters, s≤/> ,k≤N,s,k,N and/> are all positive integers.
根据本发明的一个实施例，在公式（3）中，可对第k个目标应力传感器集群中的各个目标应力传感器检测到的应力数据与应力阈值的偏差，与应力阈值之间的比值进行加权求和，再除以第k个目标应力传感器集群中的目标应力传感器的数量，即，，可表示第k个目标应力传感器集群中的目标应力传感器，检测到的应力数据与安全上限之间的偏差的加权平均值。进一步地，可将每个目标应力传感器集群对应的上述加权平均值进行求和，并除以目标应力传感器集群的数量，可获得各个目标应力传感器集群对应的偏差的平均值，该平均值再除以目标应力传感器集群的数量，得到的结果为上述平均值与目标应力传感器集群的数量的比值，该比值可反映应力的集中程度，目标应力传感器集群的数量越少，则以上比值越大，表示应力越集中，即，测量到超出安全上限的应力数据的目标应力传感器集中出现，且安全性越低，反之，目标应力传感器集群的数量越多，则以上比值越小，表示应力越分散，即，测量到超出安全上限的应力数据的目标应力传感器越分散，且安全性越高。可通过1减去以上比值，得到应力集中安全性分数，应力集中安全性分数越高，则表示测量到超出安全上限的应力数据的目标应力传感器越分散，且安全性越高，反之，应力集中安全性分数越低，则表示测量到超出安全上限的应力数据的目标应力传感器越集中，且安全性越低。According to an embodiment of the present invention, in formula (3), the ratio between the deviation of the stress data detected by each target stress sensor in the k-th target stress sensor cluster and the stress threshold and the stress threshold can be weighted Sum up and divide by the number of target stress sensors in the kth target stress sensor cluster, that is, , can represent the weighted average of the deviation between the stress data detected by the target stress sensor in the kth target stress sensor cluster and the safe upper limit. Further, the above weighted average values corresponding to each target stress sensor cluster can be summed and divided by the number of target stress sensor clusters to obtain the average value of the deviations corresponding to each target stress sensor cluster. The average value is then divided by Based on the number of target stress sensor clusters, the result obtained is the ratio of the above average value to the number of target stress sensor clusters. This ratio can reflect the degree of stress concentration. The smaller the number of target stress sensor clusters, the greater the above ratio, which means The more concentrated the stress, that is, the target stress sensors that measure stress data exceeding the safety upper limit appear in a concentrated manner, and the lower the safety. On the contrary, the greater the number of target stress sensor clusters, the smaller the above ratio, indicating that the stress is more dispersed, that is, , the more dispersed the target stress sensors that measure stress data exceeding the safe upper limit, and the higher the safety. The stress concentration safety score can be obtained by subtracting the above ratio from 1. The higher the stress concentration safety score, the more dispersed the target stress sensors that measure stress data exceeding the safety upper limit, and the higher the safety. On the contrary, the stress concentration safety score is The lower the safety score, the more concentrated the target stress sensors are that measure stress data beyond the safe upper limit, and the lower the safety.
通过这种方式，可确定各个目标应力传感器集群对应的安全偏差的平均值，与目标应力传感器集群的数量的比值，并基于该比值来确定测量到超出安全上限的应力数据的目标应力传感器是否集中，从而使应力集中安全性分数能够客观且准确地反映应力集中的情况，更准确地反映隧道的安全性。In this way, the ratio of the average value of the safety deviation corresponding to each target stress sensor cluster to the number of target stress sensor clusters can be determined, and based on this ratio, it can be determined whether the target stress sensors that measure stress data exceeding the safety upper limit are concentrated. , so that the stress concentration safety score can objectively and accurately reflect the stress concentration situation and more accurately reflect the safety of the tunnel.
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据所述应力安全性测评分数和所述应力集中安全性分数，确定隧道安全性分数，包括：将所述应力安全性测评分数和所述应力集中安全性分数进行加权求和，获得所述隧道安全性分数。即，将应力安全性测评分数和应力集中安全性分数进行综合，从而从两个方面综合反映隧道安全性。According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the tunnel safety score according to the stress safety test score and the stress concentration safety score includes: comparing the stress safety test score and the stress concentration safety score. A weighted summation is performed to obtain the tunnel safety score. That is, the stress safety measurement score and the stress concentration safety score are combined to comprehensively reflect the tunnel safety from two aspects.
根据本发明的实施例的隧道安全监测系统，可通过应力传感器网络来检测隧道壁上多个位置的应力数据，并可从应力的大小和应力集中两个方面来判断隧道的安全性，在隧道壁应力发生变化时可及时发现隧道壁的应力变化，提升隧道安全性的判断准确性，减少隧道安全隐患。在确定应力安全性测评分数时，可求解应力数据与应力阈值之间偏差的加权平均值，从而获得应力安全性测评分数，不仅通过加权来使得应力安全性测评分数能够体现应力传感器的高度和深度对安全性的影响，还可在求解应力数据与应力阈值之间偏差时，对于超过应力阈值的应力数据与应力阈值均进行加权，保证了相减的数据的可比性，提升了应力安全性测评分数的准确性和客观性。在求解应力集中安全性分数时，可确定各个目标应力传感器集群对应的安全偏差的平均值，与目标应力传感器集群的数量的比值，并基于该比值来确定测量到超出安全上限的应力数据的目标应力传感器是否集中，从而使应力集中安全性分数能够客观且准确地反映应力集中的情况，更准确地反映隧道的安全性。According to the tunnel safety monitoring system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the stress data at multiple locations on the tunnel wall can be detected through the stress sensor network, and the safety of the tunnel can be judged from the two aspects of stress size and stress concentration. In the tunnel When the wall stress changes, the stress change of the tunnel wall can be detected in time, improving the accuracy of tunnel safety judgment and reducing tunnel safety hazards. When determining the stress safety test score, the weighted average of the deviation between the stress data and the stress threshold can be solved to obtain the stress safety test score. Not only weighting is used to make the stress safety test score reflect the height and depth of the stress sensor For the impact on safety, when solving for the deviation between stress data and stress thresholds, both stress data and stress thresholds that exceed the stress threshold can be weighted, ensuring the comparability of the subtracted data and improving stress safety evaluation. Accuracy and objectivity of scores. When solving for the stress concentration safety score, the ratio of the average safety deviation corresponding to each target stress sensor cluster to the number of target stress sensor clusters can be determined, and based on this ratio, the target that measures stress data exceeding the safety upper limit can be determined. Whether the stress sensors are concentrated, so that the stress concentration safety score can objectively and accurately reflect the stress concentration situation and more accurately reflect the safety of the tunnel.
本领域的技术人员应理解，上述描述及附图中所示的本发明的实施例只作为举例而并不限制本发明。本发明的目的已经完整并有效地实现。本发明的功能及结构原理已在实施例中展示和说明，在没有背离所述原理下，本发明的实施方式可以有任何变形或修改。Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention shown in the above description and drawings are only examples and do not limit the present invention. The object of the present invention has been completely and effectively achieved. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments, and the implementation of the present invention may have any variations or modifications without departing from the principles.
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