CN116878368A - Tunnel boulder position detection method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a system for detecting the position of a tunnel boulder. The method comprises the following steps: setting a transverse axis and a longitudinal axis in the tunnel face by taking the central point of the tunnel face as an origin, setting a drilling hole in the direction from the origin to the advancing direction of the tunnel face, and determining the drilling hole direction as the direction of a vertical axis; placing the electrical source into the borehole and moving the electrical source in the borehole; exciting the electric sources when the electric sources are positioned at a plurality of designated positions in the drill hole respectively, and collecting an electric field distribution diagram on the face; determining an electric field distribution map with the largest abnormal response in the plurality of electric field distribution maps; and determining the abscissa and the ordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response, and determining the vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the position of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response so as to obtain the spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan. The method can solve the problem that the existing advanced forecasting method can not accurately obtain the spatial position of the boulder in the tunnel.

Description

Tunnel boulder position detection method and system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering, in particular to a method and a system for detecting the position of a tunnel boulder.

Background

In recent years, many cities have begun to build large numbers of subways. However, in the process of constructing a subway tunnel by using a shield tunneling machine, poor geologic bodies such as boulders are often encountered in construction areas. The distribution of the boulders is irregular and has strong randomness, and the boulders are called as road blocking tigers for underground construction of the urban subway shield machine. The undetermined boulders can bring major potential safety hazards to subway shield construction, for example, the shield machine cutterhead is frequently blocked or severely deformed.

Although the existing advanced prediction method can predict the boulders, the accuracy of the advanced prediction is very low due to the interference of external machinery, and the obtained spatial positions of the boulders are inaccurate.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for detecting the position of a tunnel orphan, which are used for solving the problem that the existing advanced forecasting method cannot accurately obtain the spatial position of the orphan in the tunnel.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a tunnel orphan position, including:

setting a transverse axis and a longitudinal axis in a tunnel face by taking the central point of the tunnel face as an origin, setting a drilling hole in the advancing direction of the origin to the tunnel face, and determining the drilling hole direction as the vertical axis direction;

Placing an electrical source into the borehole and moving the electrical source in the borehole;

exciting the electrical source when the electrical source is positioned at a plurality of designated positions in the drill hole respectively, and collecting an electric field distribution diagram on the tunnel face; wherein the electric field distribution diagram comprises a plurality of contour lines;

determining an electric field distribution map with the largest abnormal response in the plurality of electric field distribution maps;

and determining an abscissa and an ordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response, and determining a vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the position of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response so as to obtain a spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan.

In one possible implementation, the electric field profile includes a first electric field component profile and a second electric field component profile; wherein the first electric field component distribution chart is a distribution chart of electric field intensity along the horizontal axis direction, and the second electric field component distribution chart is a distribution chart of electric field intensity along the vertical axis direction.

In one possible implementation manner, the determining the abscissa and the ordinate of the boulder center position according to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response includes:

Connecting points of curvature extremum on each contour line on the first electric field component distribution diagram corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response to obtain a first abnormal connecting line;

connecting points of curvature extremum on each contour line on the second electric field component distribution diagram corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response to obtain a second abnormal connecting line;

combining the first electric field component distribution diagram and the second electric field component distribution diagram corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response, and determining an intersection point of the first abnormal connecting line and the second abnormal connecting line;

and acquiring the abscissa and the ordinate of the intersection point, and determining the abscissa and the ordinate of the intersection point as the abscissa and the ordinate of the boulder central position.

In one possible implementation manner, the determining the vertical coordinate of the boulder center position according to the position of the electrical source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response includes:

and determining the central position of the electrical source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response, and determining the vertical coordinate of the central position as the vertical coordinate of the boulder central position.

In one possible implementation, the moving the electrical source in the borehole; exciting the electrical source when the electrical source is at a plurality of designated positions in the borehole, and collecting an electric field distribution diagram on the face, respectively, comprising:

S1, arranging a receiving array on the face; the receiving array consists of a plurality of electric field observation points which are uniformly distributed and have equal intervals, and each electric field observation point is provided with a detection device;

s2, moving the electrical source to preset step length in the drill hole, exciting the electrical source, and acquiring an electric field distribution diagram on the face when the electrical source is at the current designated position by adopting a detection device;

s3, repeating the step S2 until the electric field distribution diagram on the face is acquired when the electric source is at all the designated positions.

In one possible implementation manner, the acquiring, by using a detection device, an electric field distribution diagram on the face when the electric source is at the current designated position includes:

acquiring a first electric field component distribution map and a second electric field component distribution map on the face when the electric source is at the current designated position by adopting a detection device;

the method for acquiring the first electric field component distribution map on the face when the electric source is at the current designated position by adopting the detection device comprises the following steps:

acquiring the electric field intensity of each electric field observation point in the receiving array along the transverse axis direction when the electric source is at the current designated position by adopting a detection device;

Determining contour lines in the first electric field component distribution map according to the electric field intensity of all the collected electric field observation points along the transverse axis direction;

determining a first electric field component distribution map according to all the contour lines;

the acquiring, by using a detection device, a second electric field component distribution map on the face when the electric source is at the current designated position includes:

acquiring the electric field intensity of each electric field observation point in the receiving array along the longitudinal axis direction when the electric source is at the current designated position by adopting a detection device;

determining contour lines in the second electric field component distribution map according to the electric field intensity of all the collected electric field observation points along the longitudinal axis direction;

the second electric field component profile is determined from all contours.

In one possible implementation, the determining the electric field profile with the greatest abnormal response from the plurality of electric field profiles includes:

and determining an electric field distribution map with the largest contour deviation degree in the electric field distribution maps as the electric field distribution map with the largest abnormal response.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for detecting a location of a tunnel boulder, where the steps of the method described in the first aspect are performed, including a control device, a detection device, a drilling device, and an electrical source;

The control device is used for controlling the drilling device and the detection device, setting a transverse axis and a longitudinal axis in the tunnel face by taking the central point of the tunnel face as an origin, and setting a vertical axis outside the tunnel face;

the drilling device is used for setting a drill hole in the direction from the origin to the advancing direction of the tunnel face; the direction of the drilling hole is the direction of the vertical shaft;

the electrical source is used for being placed in the drilling hole and moving in the drilling hole; respectively activating when the electrical source is at a plurality of designated positions within the borehole;

the detection device is used for collecting an electric field distribution diagram on the face when the electric source is excited at a plurality of designated positions in the drill hole respectively, and sending the collected electric field distribution diagram on the face to the control device; wherein the electric field distribution diagram comprises a plurality of contour lines;

the control device is also used for receiving the electric field distribution diagram on the face and determining the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response in a plurality of electric field distribution diagrams; and determining an abscissa and an ordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response, and determining a vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the position of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response so as to obtain a spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan.

In one possible implementation, the system further comprises a mobile device;

the control device is also used for controlling the mobile device;

the moving device is used for bearing the electrical source and moving the electrical source in the drilling hole.

In one possible implementation, the system further comprises an excitation device;

the control device is also used for controlling the excitation device;

the excitation device is used for exciting the electrical source when the electrical source is positioned at a plurality of designated positions in the drill hole respectively.

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for detecting the position of a tunnel boulder, which are characterized in that firstly, a transverse axis and a longitudinal axis are arranged in a tunnel face by taking the central point of the tunnel face as an original point, a drilling hole is arranged in the advancing direction of the original point to the tunnel face, and the direction of the drilling hole is determined as the direction of a vertical axis, namely, a coordinate system is established; then placing the electric source into the drill hole, and moving the electric source in the drill hole; exciting the electric sources when the electric sources are positioned at a plurality of designated positions in the drill hole respectively, and collecting an electric field distribution diagram on the face; wherein the electric field distribution diagram comprises a plurality of contour lines; finally, determining an electric field distribution diagram with maximum abnormal response in a plurality of electric field distribution diagrams; and determining the abscissa and the ordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response, and determining the vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the position of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response so as to obtain the spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan.

Therefore, by moving the electrical source in the drilling hole, the near-distance excitation of the electrical source to the high-resistance target body can be realized, and the detection capability of the transient electromagnetic method to the high-resistance target body such as boulders is improved. By establishing a coordinate system, analyzing the distribution rule of the electric field distribution diagram and the position of the electric source, the abscissa, the ordinate and the vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan can be determined, and the detection of the spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan can be realized, so that the problem of accurately detecting bad geological bodies such as the orphan under the environment of the subway shield tunneling machine is solved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the related technical descriptions will be briefly described, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an implementation of a method for detecting a tunnel orphan position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coordinate system with a central point of a face as an origin in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a scenario for advanced forecasting using an electrical source according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a first decaying voltage component distribution diagram of an electrical source at 8m-12m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a second decaying voltage component distribution plot of an electrical source at 8m-12m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a first electric field component distribution diagram of an electric source at 8-12 m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a first electric field component distribution diagram of an electric source at 8-12 m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a first decaying voltage component distribution plot of an electrical source at 12m-16m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a second decaying voltage component profile for an electrical source at 12m-16m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a distribution diagram of a first electric field component when an electric source is located between 12m and 16m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7B is a diagram of a second electric field component distribution diagram of an electrical source at 12m-16m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8A is a diagram showing a first decaying voltage component distribution plot of an electrical source at 16m-20m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8B is a diagram showing a second decaying voltage component profile when the electrical source is at 16m-20m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9A is a diagram showing a distribution diagram of a first electric field component when an electric source is located between 16m and 20m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9B is a diagram showing a second electric field component distribution diagram of an electric source at 16-20 m according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an electric field distribution diagram including a first abnormal connection line and a second abnormal connection line according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection system for a tunnel boulder position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another detection system for a tunnel boulder position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as the particular system architecture, techniques, etc., in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following description will be made by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an implementation of a method for detecting a tunnel orphan position according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is described in detail below:

step 101, setting a horizontal axis and a vertical axis in the tunnel face by taking the central point of the tunnel face as an origin, setting a drilling hole in the direction of the advancing direction of the origin toward the tunnel face, and determining the drilling hole direction as the direction of the vertical axis.

In some embodiments, the borehole is perpendicular to the face. Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a coordinate system, wherein a in fig. 2 refers to a tunnel obtained by construction of a subway shield tunneling machine, and B refers to an underground boulder. In the process of constructing the tunnel a, a working face, namely a tunnel face, in fig. 2, a coordinate system is established by taking the center point of the tunnel face as an origin O, wherein planes of an x axis and a y axis in the coordinate system are the tunnel face, and the direction of drilling is the direction of a z axis.

In some embodiments, the x, y, and z axes, i.e., the horizontal, vertical, and vertical axes in step 101.

Step 102, placing the electrical source into the borehole, and moving the electrical source in the borehole.

Transient electromagnetic of an electrical source plays an increasingly important role in geophysical exploration, and a transient electromagnetic method refers to a method for detecting the resistivity of a medium by utilizing an ungrounded loop or a grounded wire source to emit a primary pulse magnetic field into the ground and utilizing a coil or a grounded electrode to observe a secondary induced vortex field caused in the underground medium during the intermittence of the primary pulse magnetic field. The basic working method is as follows: a transmitting coil which is communicated with a certain waveform current is arranged on the ground or in the air, so that a primary electromagnetic field is generated in the surrounding space of the transmitting coil, and an induction current is generated in the underground conductive rock ore body: after power failure, the induced current decays over time due to heat loss.

The transient electromagnetic method has the technical characteristics of high construction efficiency, strong abnormal response, strong resolving power and the like, but is generally sensitive to a low-resistance target body and relatively insensitive to a high-resistance target body. In order to solve the problem that the transient electromagnetic method is relatively insensitive to the high-resistance target, the method shown in step 102 may be adopted to put the electrical source into the borehole so as to shorten the distance between the electrical source and the high-resistance target, and realize the close-range excitation of the high-resistance target, thereby improving the detection capability of the transient electromagnetic method on the high-resistance targets such as boulders.

In some embodiments, after the electrical source is placed in the borehole, the electrical source may be moved in the borehole in a preset step size. The specific size of the preset step is not limited in this embodiment, for example, the preset step is 1m, and the moving distance of the electrical source in the borehole is 1m each time.

The distance of each movement of the electrical source in the borehole can also be represented by the coordinate position of the electrical source due to the presence of the coordinate system. For example, the center position of the electrical source is (0, 1), and the center position of the electrical source after moving is (0, 2), and the moving distance of the electrical source is 1m.

Step 103, exciting the electrical source when the electrical source is at a plurality of designated positions in the borehole, and collecting an electric field distribution diagram on the face. Wherein the electric field distribution diagram comprises a plurality of contour lines.

In some embodiments, the designated position refers to a position that the center position of the electrical source may reach when moving in the borehole according to a preset step, for example, when the preset step is 4m and the length of the electrical source is 4m, the designated position of the electrical source may be (0, 2), (0,0,6), (0, 10), and so on.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a scenario of advanced forecasting of an electrical source shown in fig. 3, and fig. 3 represents an application scenario of the embodiment, where the application scenario includes a shield tunneling machine, a tunnel face, an electrical source, a drill hole, a boulder, and the like, as shown in fig. 3. From the scenario shown in fig. 3, it can be seen that the electrical source is disposed inside the borehole, and the face is provided with a receiving matrix composed of a plurality of electric field observation points uniformly distributed and equally spaced, and the receiving matrix is used for collecting the electric field distribution diagram.

In order to collect the electric field distribution diagram on the face, each electric field observation point needs to be provided with a detection device, and the detection device can be a device such as a probe or an electromagnetic detector, which can be used for detecting the electric field intensity and the magnetic field intensity.

In some embodiments, the electric field profile includes a first electric field component profile and a second electric field component profile; wherein the first electric field component distribution map is a distribution map of electric field intensity along the horizontal axis direction, and the second electric field component distribution map is a distribution map of electric field intensity along the vertical axis direction.

In this embodiment, the reason why the electric field distribution map on the face is collected instead of the attenuation voltage distribution map is that the inventor finds that the attenuation voltage distribution map on the face has no abnormal response characteristic no matter how the electric source moves through the study, which also indicates that the attenuation voltage distribution map has weak resolving power to the boulder poor geologic body in the high-resistance state.

The attenuation voltage profile and the electric field profile are compared for the resolution of boulders in a specific example as follows:

let the boulder be a cuboid with a length of 4m, a width of 2m, and a height of 2m, the spatial coordinates of the central position of the boulder be (-2, -2, 14), and the length of the electrical source be 4m. And placing the electric source into the drill hole, moving the electric source, and collecting a first attenuation voltage component distribution map and a second attenuation voltage component distribution map on the face and a first electric field component distribution map and a second electric field component distribution map on the face when the electric source is positioned at 8m-12m, 12m-16m and 16m-20m respectively. Wherein the first attenuation voltage component profile is a profile of attenuation voltage intensity along the horizontal axis direction, and the second attenuation voltage component profile is a profile of attenuation voltage intensity along the vertical axis direction.

First case: when the electric source is positioned at 8-12 m, and the central position of the electric source is (0, 10), collecting a first attenuation voltage component distribution map, a second attenuation voltage component distribution map, a first electric field component distribution map and a second electric field component distribution map on the face under the current condition.

Fig. 4A shows a schematic diagram of a first decaying voltage component profile with an electrical source at 8m-12m, and fig. 4B shows a schematic diagram of a second decaying voltage component profile with an electrical source at 8m-12 m. The X, Y coordinates in fig. 4A and fig. 4B represent the abscissa and the ordinate of the electric field observation point on the face, and fig. 4A and fig. 4B each include a plurality of contour lines. Referring to the correspondence between the decay voltage intensities and the colors provided on the right side of fig. 4A and 4B, it is known that the different decay voltage intensities correspond to different colors. Looking at the contours in fig. 4A and 4B, one can get: when the electrical source is located at 8m-12m, the contour lines in fig. 4A do not deviate significantly, nor does the contour lines in fig. 4B deviate significantly, that is, the first decaying voltage component profile and the second decaying voltage component profile have no abnormal response, or weak abnormal response, and are not distinguishable.

Fig. 5A shows a schematic diagram of a first electric field component distribution diagram when the electric source is located at 8m-12m, and fig. 5B shows a schematic diagram of a second electric field component distribution diagram when the electric source is located at 8m-12 m. Similar to fig. 4A and 4B, the X, Y coordinate in fig. 5A and 5B also represents the abscissa and ordinate of the electric field observation point on the face, and a plurality of contour lines are also included in fig. 5A and 5B. Referring to the correspondence between the electric field intensities and the colors in the right side of fig. 5A and 5B, it can be seen that the electric field intensities correspond to the colors, and the contour lines in fig. 5A and 5B can be obtained by observing: when the electrical source is located at 8m-12m, the contour line in FIG. 5A is slightly offset, and the contour line in FIG. 5B is slightly offset, that is, the first and second electric field component profiles exhibit an abnormal response that is clearly distinguishable.

By analyzing the profile acquired in the first case, one can obtain: when the electric source is close to the boulder, the contour line in the attenuation voltage distribution diagram does not react, the contour line in the electric field distribution diagram has small deviation, and the abnormal response of the electric field distribution diagram is larger than the abnormal response of the attenuation voltage distribution diagram.

Second case: when the electric source is positioned at 12m-16m, and the central position of the electric source is (0, 14), collecting a first attenuation voltage component distribution map, a second attenuation voltage component distribution map, a first electric field component distribution map and a second electric field component distribution map on the face under the current condition.

Fig. 6A shows a schematic diagram of a first decaying voltage component profile with an electrical source at 12m-16m, and fig. 6B shows a schematic diagram of a second decaying voltage component profile with an electrical source at 12m-16 m. Looking at the contours in fig. 6A and 6B, one can get: the contours in FIG. 6A do not deviate significantly nor do the contours in FIG. 6B when the electrical source is at 12m-16 m. As in the first case, the first decaying voltage component profile and the second decaying voltage component profile have no abnormal response or weak abnormal response and cannot be distinguished.

Fig. 7A shows a schematic diagram of a first electric field component distribution diagram when the electric source is located at 12m-16m, and fig. 7B shows a schematic diagram of a second electric field component distribution diagram when the electric source is located at 12m-16 m. Looking at the contours in fig. 7A and 7B, one can get: the contours in FIG. 7A are greatly offset and the contours in FIG. 7B are also greatly offset when the electrical source is at 12m-16 m. It can be seen that the abnormal response of the electric field profile is extremely pronounced.

By analyzing the profile acquired in the second case, one can obtain: when the electric source is positioned above the boulder, the contour line in the attenuation voltage distribution diagram does not react, the contour line in the electric field distribution diagram is greatly deviated, and the abnormal response of the electric field distribution diagram is obviously larger than that of the attenuation voltage distribution diagram.

Third case: when the electric source is positioned at 16m-20m, and the central position of the electric source is (0, 18), acquiring a first attenuation voltage component distribution map, a second attenuation voltage component distribution map, a first electric field component distribution map and a second electric field component distribution map on the face under the current condition.

Fig. 8A shows a schematic diagram of a first decaying voltage component profile with an electrical source at 16m-20m, and fig. 8B shows a schematic diagram of a second decaying voltage component profile with an electrical source at 16m-20 m. Looking at the contours in fig. 8A and 8B, one can get: the contours in FIG. 8A do not deviate significantly nor do the contours in FIG. 8B when the electrical source is located at 16m-20 m. It can be seen that the first decaying voltage component profile and the second decaying voltage component profile have no abnormal response, or the abnormal response is weak and cannot be distinguished.

Fig. 9A shows a schematic diagram of a first electric field component distribution diagram when the electric source is located at 16m-20m, and fig. 9B shows a schematic diagram of a second electric field component distribution diagram when the electric source is located at 16m-20 m. Looking at the contours in fig. 9A and 9B, one can get: the contours in fig. 9A are slightly offset and the contours in fig. 9B are slightly offset when the electrical source is at 16m-20 m. That is, the first electric field component profile and the second electric field component profile exhibit an abnormal response that is clearly distinguishable.

By analyzing the profile acquired in the third case, it is possible to obtain: when the electrical source is far away from the boulder, the contour line in the attenuation voltage distribution diagram does not react, the contour line in the electric field distribution diagram has small deviation, and the abnormal response of the electric field distribution diagram is larger than the abnormal response of the attenuation voltage distribution diagram.

From the attenuation voltage profile and the electric field profile corresponding to the three cases, it is possible to obtain: no abnormal response occurs to either the first decaying voltage component profile or the second decaying voltage component profile, or only a weak abnormal response occurs, regardless of how the electrical source moves, either closer to the boulder or farther from the boulder. It follows that the decaying voltage profile on the face does not play a practical role in determining the boulder position.

Along with the movement of the electrical source, the electrical source is close to the boulder or far from the boulder, the first electric field component distribution diagram and the second electric field component distribution diagram have abnormal responses, and the magnitude of the abnormal responses also changes according to the distance between the electrical source and the boulder. That is, the electric field profile on the face may play a practical role in determining the boulder position.

In summary, the attenuation voltage distribution diagram has weak resolution to the boulder, and the electric field distribution diagram has strong resolution to the boulder, so the embodiment selects the electric field distribution diagram on the face to determine the position of the boulder.

In this embodiment, the contour lines in the electric field distribution diagram are lines formed by connecting points having the same electric field strength. And the X-coordinate and the Y-coordinate in the first electric field component distribution map and the second electric field component distribution map refer to the coordinates of the electric field observation point. And the electric field intensity of the electric field observation point along the transverse axis direction and the electric field intensity along the longitudinal axis direction can be obtained by obtaining the X coordinate and the Y coordinate of the electric field observation point. For example, to obtain the electric field intensity in the horizontal axis direction of the (-2, -1) coordinate point in fig. 7A, the point can be found in fig. 7A, and the color of the point is checked, and the electric field intensity corresponding to the color is checked.

In other embodiments, the electric field distribution diagram includes a first electric field component distribution diagram and a second electric field component distribution diagram, which are separate, and the electric field distribution diagram may also be a combined diagram of the first electric field component distribution diagram and the second electric field component distribution diagram, that is, the detection device may collect the electric field intensity of the electric field observation point along the horizontal axis direction and the electric field intensity along the vertical axis direction at the same time, and integrate the two components to obtain the electric field distribution diagram that includes the first electric field component distribution diagram and the second electric field component distribution diagram.

In some embodiments, the generating manner of the electric field distribution map may include:

1. when the electric field distribution diagram is the independent first electric field component distribution diagram and the second electric field component distribution diagram, the electric field intensity along the transverse axis direction acquired by the detection device at each electric field observation point can be input into the drawing software, and the drawing software automatically generates the first electric field component distribution diagram with the contour line. Similar to the generation of the first electric field component distribution map, the electric field intensity along the longitudinal axis, which is acquired by the detection device at each electric field observation point, may be input into the drawing software, and the drawing software automatically generates the second electric field component distribution map with the contour line.

2. When the electric field distribution diagram is the first electric field component distribution diagram and the second electric field component distribution diagram which are combined together, the electric field intensity in the transverse axis direction acquired by the detection device at each electric field observation point and the electric field intensity in the transverse axis direction acquired by the detection device at each electric field observation point can be input into the drawing software and input into the drawing software, and the drawing software automatically generates the electric field distribution diagram with two types of contour lines.

3. And connecting the detection device on the face with a computer, wherein drawing software is arranged in the computer. When the detection device on the face acquires the electric field intensity along the horizontal axis direction or the electric field intensity along the vertical axis direction, the electric field intensity is automatically sent to drawing software of a computer to generate a first electric field component distribution map and a second electric field component distribution map.

In some embodiments, the electrical source is moved in the borehole; the specific implementation manner of exciting the electrical source and collecting the electric field distribution diagram on the face when the electrical source is at a plurality of designated positions in the borehole respectively may include:

s1, arranging a receiving array on a face; the receiving array consists of a plurality of electric field observation points which are uniformly distributed and have equal intervals, and a detection device is arranged at each electric field observation point.

S2, moving an electrical source in the drill hole to preset step length, exciting the electrical source, and acquiring an electric field distribution diagram on the face when the electrical source is at the current designated position by adopting a detection device.

S3, repeating the step S2 until the electric field distribution diagram on the face is acquired when the electric source is at all the designated positions.

Step 104, determining an electric field distribution diagram with maximum abnormal response in a plurality of electric field distribution diagrams.

In this embodiment, since the electrical sources are excited at a plurality of designated locations, a plurality of electric field distribution patterns can be acquired on the face. And in the electric field distribution diagrams, when the vertical coordinate of the central position of the electric source is the same as the vertical coordinate of the central position of the boulder, the abnormal response of the electric field distribution diagram is the largest.

Since the electric field distribution map comprises a plurality of contour lines, the electric field distribution map with the largest abnormal response is determined in the plurality of electric field distribution maps only needs to be determined.

In this embodiment, when the electrical source is close to the boulder, the contour line in the electric field distribution diagram has abnormal response, i.e. is deviated. Therefore, the distance from the front end of the orphan to the face can be determined according to the head and tail positions of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the abnormal response in the moving process of the electric source, and the distance from the rear end of the orphan to the face can be determined according to the head and tail positions of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the abnormal response in the last moving process of the electric source.

Thus, the length of the orphan can be determined according to the distance from the front end of the orphan to the face and the distance from the rear end of the orphan to the face. Here, the vertical axis direction in the coordinate system is defined as the longitudinal direction of the boulder.

For example, in fig. 5A and 5B, when the head end of the electrical source overlaps with the front end of the orphan, the electric field distribution diagram on the face first generates an abnormal response, and if the distance from the head end of the electrical source to the face is 12m at this time, the distance from the front end of the orphan to the face is also 12m. After the first abnormal response of the electric field distribution diagram, the abnormal response can be gradually larger-largest-gradually smaller along with the continuous movement of the electric source.

In fig. 9A and 9B, when the tail end of the electrical source overlaps the back end of the boulder, the last abnormal response is generated, and at this time, if the distance from the tail end of the electrical source to the face is 16m, the distance from the back end of the boulder to the face is also 16m.

As can be seen from fig. 5A and 9A, fig. 5B and 9B, the distance moved by the electrical source is 4m during the first and last abnormal responses of the electric field distribution map, and thus it can be seen that the boulder length is 4m.

And 105, determining an abscissa and an ordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response, and determining a vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the position of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response so as to obtain a spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan.

In some embodiments, a specific implementation manner of determining the abscissa and the ordinate of the boulder center position according to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response may include:

and step 1, connecting points of curvature extremum on each contour line on a first electric field component distribution diagram corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response to obtain a first abnormal connecting line. Fig. 7A is a schematic diagram of a first abnormal connection line, and a white dotted line in fig. 7A is the first abnormal connection line. Because the contour line of the electric field distribution map deviates to a certain extent when the abnormal response is maximum, the point of the curvature extremum refers to the extremum point of the contour line.

And step 2, connecting points of curvature extremum on each contour line on the second electric field component distribution diagram corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response to obtain a second abnormal connecting line. Fig. 7B is a schematic diagram of a second abnormal connection line, and a white dotted line in fig. 7B is the second abnormal connection line.

And step 3, combining the first electric field component distribution diagram and the second electric field component distribution diagram corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response, and determining the intersection point of the first abnormal connecting line and the second abnormal connecting line. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an electric field distribution diagram including a first abnormal line and a second abnormal line, wherein FIG. 10 includes both the first abnormal line and the second abnormal line, and an intersection exists between the first abnormal line and the second abnormal line.

And 4, acquiring the abscissa and the ordinate of the intersection point, and determining the abscissa and the ordinate of the intersection point as the abscissa and the ordinate of the boulder center position.

In other embodiments, step 103 illustrates that the electric field profile may also be a combined graph of the first electric field component profile and the second electric field component profile, and thus, determining the specific implementation manner of the abscissa and the ordinate of the boulder center position according to the electric field profile with the largest abnormal response may further include:

and drawing a first abnormal connecting line and a second abnormal connecting line in the electric field distribution diagram, directly acquiring an intersection point of the first abnormal connecting line and the second abnormal connecting line, and determining an abscissa and an ordinate of the intersection point as an abscissa and an ordinate of the central position of the boulder.

In some embodiments, when the electric field distribution diagram has the maximum abnormal response, the vertical coordinate of the central position of the electric source should be the same as the vertical coordinate of the central position of the boulder, so the vertical coordinate of the central position of the boulder can be obtained only by determining the vertical coordinate corresponding to the central position of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response.

In some embodiments, after the abscissa, ordinate, and ordinate of the boulder center position are obtained, the spatial coordinates of the boulder center position may be determined from the coordinates.

In some embodiments, after determining the spatial coordinates of the boulder center location, detection of the boulder location may be accomplished in connection with the method of determining the length of the boulder discussed in step 104, as well as other means of detecting the width and height of the boulder.

The embodiment of the invention provides a method for detecting the position of a tunnel boulder, which comprises the steps of firstly setting a transverse axis and a longitudinal axis in a tunnel face by taking the central point of the tunnel face as an original point, setting a drilling hole in the advancing direction of the original point to the tunnel face, and determining the drilling hole direction as the vertical axis direction, namely establishing a coordinate system; then placing the electric source into the drill hole, and moving the electric source in the drill hole; exciting the electric sources when the electric sources are positioned at a plurality of designated positions in the drill hole respectively, and collecting an electric field distribution diagram on the face; wherein the electric field distribution diagram comprises a plurality of contour lines; finally, determining an electric field distribution diagram with maximum abnormal response in a plurality of electric field distribution diagrams; and determining the abscissa and the ordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response, and determining the vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the position of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response so as to obtain the spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan.

Therefore, by moving the electrical source in the drilling hole, the near-distance excitation of the electrical source to the high-resistance target body can be realized, and the detection capability of the transient electromagnetic method to the high-resistance target body such as boulders is improved. By establishing a coordinate system, analyzing the distribution rule of the electric field distribution diagram and the position of the electric source, the abscissa, the ordinate and the vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan can be determined, and the detection of the spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan can be realized, so that the problem of accurately detecting bad geological bodies such as the orphan under the environment of the subway shield tunneling machine is solved.

The beneficial effects of this embodiment include:

1. according to the embodiment, through the excitation of the electrical source in the drilling hole and the collection of the device form of the first electric field component distribution diagram and the second electric field component distribution diagram on the face, the resolution capability of the island bad geologic body in a high-resistance state is improved, and the problem of fine exploration of the small-scale island bad geologic body is effectively solved.

2. According to the embodiment, the distance between the central position of the boulder bad geologic body and the tunnel face can be judged through the position of the electrical source, the plane position of the projection of the central position of the boulder bad geologic body on the tunnel face is judged through the electric field distribution diagram on the tunnel face, and the distance and the plane position are combined to obtain the space position of the central position of the boulder bad geologic body.

It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the foregoing embodiment does not mean that the execution sequence of each process should be determined by the function and the internal logic, and should not limit the implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention.

The following are system embodiments of the invention, for details not described in detail therein, reference may be made to the corresponding method embodiments described above.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel boulder position detection system, which comprises a control device 11, a detection device 12, a drilling device 13 and an electrical source 14;

the control device 12 is used for controlling the drilling device 13 and the detecting device 12, and setting a transverse axis and a longitudinal axis in the tunnel face by taking the central point of the tunnel face as an origin, and setting a vertical axis outside the tunnel face;

the drilling device 13 is used for setting a drill hole in the advancing direction of the origin to the palm face; the drilling direction is the direction of a vertical axis;

an electrical source 14 for placement in the borehole and movement therein; excitation occurs when the electrical source 14 is at a plurality of designated locations within the borehole, respectively;

the detecting device 12 is configured to collect electric field distribution diagrams on the face when the electric source 14 is excited at a plurality of designated positions in the borehole, and send the collected electric field distribution diagrams on the face to the control device 11; wherein the electric field distribution diagram comprises a plurality of contour lines;

The control device 11 is further configured to receive the electric field distribution map on the tunnel face, and determine an electric field distribution map with the largest abnormal response from the plurality of electric field distribution maps; and determining the abscissa and the ordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response, and determining the vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the position of the electric source 14 corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response so as to obtain the spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan.

In some embodiments, the detection device 12 may be a probe, electromagnetic detector, or the like, that may be used to detect electric field strength and magnetic field strength.

In some embodiments, fig. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of another tunnel boulder position detection system, which further includes: the moving means 15 and the activating means 16, the control means 11 also being arranged to control the moving means 15 and the activating means 16.

The moving device 15 is used for carrying the electrical source 14 and moving the electrical source 14 in the borehole. The moving device 15 may be a trolley composed of a supporting frame, a motor, a bearing table, wheels and the like, or may be a moving device 15 composed of a fixed base, a pulley, a bearing table and the like.

For example, when the mobile device 15 is a cart, its specific constituent structure may be: the supporting frame is provided with a bearing table, wherein the bearing table is used for bearing an electrical source 14, and the motor is used for supplying power to the trolley. When the trolley is energized, the wheels drive the trolley to move in the borehole, and the electrical source 14 placed on the trolley carrying table also moves with the trolley.

The excitation device 16 is used for exciting the electrical source 14 when the electrical source 14 is at a plurality of designated positions in the borehole, respectively. The structure of the excitation device 16 is determined by the excitation mode of the electrical source 14. For example, when the excitation pattern of the electrical source 14 is pulsed, the excitation device 16 may be composed of a pulse signal generator or some device provided with an electronic circuit that can generate a pulse signal. When the excitation mode of the electrical source 14 is a step excitation source, the excitation device 16 may be composed of a signal generator that can generate a step signal.

The embodiment of the invention provides a detection system for the position of a tunnel boulder, which is characterized in that firstly, a transverse axis and a longitudinal axis are arranged in a tunnel face by taking the central point of the tunnel face as an original point, a drilling hole is arranged in the advancing direction of the original point to the tunnel face, and the direction of the drilling hole is determined as the direction of a vertical axis, namely, a coordinate system is established; then placing the electric source into the drill hole, and moving the electric source in the drill hole; exciting the electric sources when the electric sources are positioned at a plurality of designated positions in the drill hole respectively, and collecting an electric field distribution diagram on the face; wherein the electric field distribution diagram comprises a plurality of contour lines; finally, determining an electric field distribution diagram with maximum abnormal response in a plurality of electric field distribution diagrams; and determining the abscissa and the ordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response, and determining the vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the position of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response so as to obtain the spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan.

Therefore, by moving the electrical source in the drilling hole, the near-distance excitation of the electrical source to the high-resistance target body can be realized, and the detection capability of the transient electromagnetic method to the high-resistance target body such as boulders is improved. By establishing a coordinate system, analyzing the distribution rule of the electric field distribution diagram and the position of the electric source, the abscissa, the ordinate and the vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan can be determined, and the detection of the spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan can be realized, so that the problem of accurately detecting bad geological bodies such as the orphan under the environment of the subway shield tunneling machine is solved.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The method for detecting the position of the tunnel boulder is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

Setting a transverse axis and a longitudinal axis in a tunnel face by taking the central point of the tunnel face as an origin, setting a drilling hole in the advancing direction of the origin to the tunnel face, and determining the drilling hole direction as the vertical axis direction;

placing an electrical source into the borehole and moving the electrical source in the borehole;

exciting the electrical source when the electrical source is positioned at a plurality of designated positions in the drill hole respectively, and collecting an electric field distribution diagram on the tunnel face; wherein the electric field distribution diagram comprises a plurality of contour lines;

determining an electric field distribution map with the largest abnormal response in the plurality of electric field distribution maps;

and determining an abscissa and an ordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response, and determining a vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the position of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response so as to obtain a spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electric field profile comprises a first electric field component profile and a second electric field component profile; wherein the first electric field component distribution chart is a distribution chart of electric field intensity along the horizontal axis direction, and the second electric field component distribution chart is a distribution chart of electric field intensity along the vertical axis direction.

3. The method for detecting the position of the boulder in the tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the determining the abscissa and the ordinate of the central position of the boulder according to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response comprises:

connecting points of curvature extremum on each contour line on the first electric field component distribution diagram corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response to obtain a first abnormal connecting line;

connecting points of curvature extremum on each contour line on the second electric field component distribution diagram corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response to obtain a second abnormal connecting line;

combining the first electric field component distribution diagram and the second electric field component distribution diagram corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response, and determining an intersection point of the first abnormal connecting line and the second abnormal connecting line;

and acquiring the abscissa and the ordinate of the intersection point, and determining the abscissa and the ordinate of the intersection point as the abscissa and the ordinate of the boulder central position.

4. The method for detecting a tunnel orphan position according to claim 1, wherein determining the vertical coordinate of the orphan center position according to the position of the electrical source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response comprises:

And determining the central position of the electrical source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response, and determining the vertical coordinate of the central position as the vertical coordinate of the boulder central position.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the moving the electrical source in the borehole; exciting the electrical source when the electrical source is at a plurality of designated positions in the borehole, and collecting an electric field distribution diagram on the face, respectively, comprising:

s1, arranging a receiving array on the face; the receiving array consists of a plurality of electric field observation points which are uniformly distributed and have equal intervals, and each electric field observation point is provided with a detection device;

s2, moving the electrical source to preset step length in the drill hole, exciting the electrical source, and acquiring an electric field distribution diagram on the face when the electrical source is at the current designated position by adopting a detection device;

s3, repeating the step S2 until the electric field distribution diagram on the face is acquired when the electric source is at all the designated positions.

6. The method for detecting a tunnel orphan position according to claim 5, wherein the acquiring an electric field distribution map on the face when the electric source is at the current designated position by using the detecting device includes:

Acquiring a first electric field component distribution map and a second electric field component distribution map on the face when the electric source is at the current designated position by adopting a detection device;

the method for acquiring the first electric field component distribution map on the face when the electric source is at the current designated position by adopting the detection device comprises the following steps:

acquiring the electric field intensity of each electric field observation point in the receiving array along the transverse axis direction when the electric source is at the current designated position by adopting a detection device;

determining contour lines in the first electric field component distribution map according to the electric field intensity of all the collected electric field observation points along the transverse axis direction;

determining a first electric field component distribution map according to all the contour lines;

the acquiring, by using a detection device, a second electric field component distribution map on the face when the electric source is at the current designated position includes:

acquiring the electric field intensity of each electric field observation point in the receiving array along the longitudinal axis direction when the electric source is at the current designated position by adopting a detection device;

determining contour lines in the second electric field component distribution map according to the electric field intensity of all the collected electric field observation points along the longitudinal axis direction;

the second electric field component profile is determined from all contours.

7. The method of detecting a tunnel orphan location of claim 1, wherein said determining an electric field profile of greatest anomalous response from among a plurality of electric field profiles comprises:

and determining an electric field distribution map with the largest contour deviation degree in the electric field distribution maps as the electric field distribution map with the largest abnormal response.

8. A system for detecting the location of a tunnel boulder, characterized in that the steps of the method according to any of the preceding claims 1-7 are performed, comprising a control device, a detection device, a drilling device, an electrical source;

the control device is used for controlling the drilling device and the detection device, setting a transverse axis and a longitudinal axis in the tunnel face by taking the central point of the tunnel face as an origin, and setting a vertical axis outside the tunnel face;

the drilling device is used for setting a drill hole in the direction from the origin to the advancing direction of the tunnel face; the direction of the drilling hole is the direction of the vertical shaft;

the electrical source is used for being placed in the drilling hole and moving in the drilling hole; respectively activating when the electrical source is at a plurality of designated positions within the borehole;

the detection device is used for collecting an electric field distribution diagram on the face when the electric source is excited at a plurality of designated positions in the drill hole respectively, and sending the collected electric field distribution diagram on the face to the control device; wherein the electric field distribution diagram comprises a plurality of contour lines;

The control device is also used for receiving the electric field distribution diagram on the face and determining the electric field distribution diagram with the largest abnormal response in a plurality of electric field distribution diagrams; and determining an abscissa and an ordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response, and determining a vertical coordinate of the central position of the orphan according to the position of the electric source corresponding to the electric field distribution diagram with the maximum abnormal response so as to obtain a spatial coordinate of the central position of the orphan.

9. The tunnel orphan location detection system of claim 8, wherein said system further comprises a mobile device;

the control device is also used for controlling the mobile device;

the moving device is used for bearing the electrical source and moving the electrical source in the drilling hole.

10. The tunnel orphan location detection system of claim 8, wherein said system further comprises excitation means;

the control device is also used for controlling the excitation device;

the excitation device is used for exciting the electrical source when the electrical source is positioned at a plurality of designated positions in the drill hole respectively.