CN116877683B - Gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism and control system thereof - Google Patents
Gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism and control system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116877683B CN116877683B CN202310845433.6A CN202310845433A CN116877683B CN 116877683 B CN116877683 B CN 116877683B CN 202310845433 A CN202310845433 A CN 202310845433A CN 116877683 B CN116877683 B CN 116877683B
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
- F16H59/0208—Selector apparatus with means for suppression of vibrations or reduction of noise
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/32—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks
Abstract
The invention provides a gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism and a control system thereof, which are applied to the technical field of gearboxes and comprise a gear shifting motor, a gear shifting shaft, a gear shifting head, a gear selecting motor and a buffer mechanism, wherein the gear shifting motor is connected with a gear shifting screw rod through a gear shifting coupling, a gear shifting nut is connected to the gear shifting screw rod, and the buffer mechanism is connected to the gear shifting nut and is used for providing a pretightening force F for the gear shifting head so as to reduce gear shifting time; one end of the gear shifting shaft is respectively connected with the buffer mechanism and the gear shifting second sensor, the other end of the gear shifting shaft is sleeved with the gear shifting head, the gear shifting shaft is also provided with a limiting groove, and the buffer mechanism is also connected with the gear shifting first sensor; the gear selecting motor is connected with the screw-nut component through a gear selecting coupler and a gear component, and the screw-nut component is respectively connected with the gear shifting head and the gear selecting sensor. The gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism effectively reduces corresponding gear shifting time through the additionally arranged buffer mechanism, avoids overload operation of a gear shifting motor and can effectively prolong the service life of the motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gearboxes, and particularly relates to a gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism and a control system thereof.
Background
Along with the development of automobile technology, the requirements for the gearbox are also higher, and the main function of the gearbox is to adjust the driving force and the speed of an automobile in real time so as to adapt to actual road conditions of the automobile in the use process, such as starting, quick stopping, low-speed or high-speed running, accelerating, decelerating, climbing, reversing and the like.
The main function of the gearbox is to realize gear selection and gear shifting, and the structure of a gear selection and gear shifting actuating mechanism of the existing gearbox has the following problems: 1. the reliability is poor, and the service life of the gear shifting motor is reduced because the gear shifting motor is overheated when locked for a long time or frequently overspeeded; 2. the corresponding time of gear shifting is longer, and the gear shifting stroke and logic during gear shifting need to be updated and adjusted, so that the response time of gear shifting is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism, which effectively reduces the response time of gear shifting through an additionally arranged buffer mechanism, avoids overload operation of a gear shifting motor and can effectively prolong the service life of the motor.
The gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism comprises a gear shifting motor, a gear shifting shaft, a gear shifting head, a gear selecting motor and a buffer mechanism, wherein the gear shifting motor is connected with a gear shifting screw rod through a gear shifting coupler, a gear shifting nut is connected to the gear shifting screw rod, the buffer mechanism is connected to the gear shifting nut, and the buffer mechanism is used for providing a pretightening force F for the gear shifting head so as to reduce gear shifting time;
one end of the gear shifting shaft is respectively connected with the buffer mechanism and the gear shifting second sensor, the other end of the gear shifting shaft is sleeved with the gear shifting shifter, the gear shifting shaft is further provided with a limiting groove, and the buffer mechanism is further connected with the gear shifting first sensor;
the gear selecting motor is connected with the screw-nut assembly through a gear selecting coupler and a gear assembly, and the screw-nut assembly is respectively connected with the gear shifting head and the gear selecting sensor.
The gear shifting device comprises a gear shifting head, a gear shifting mechanism and a gear shifting mechanism, wherein the gear shifting head is provided with a pre-tightening force through the buffering mechanism, and the buffering mechanism comprises a gear shifting first rocker arm, a gear shifting second rocker arm, a first flexible element, a second flexible element and a gear shifting block;
the gear shifting first rocker arm comprises a U-shaped groove in sliding connection with a gear shifting nut, a baffle for preventing the end part of the first flexible element from moving, and a through hole connected with a gear shifting shaft;
the gear shifting second rocker arm is arranged opposite to the gear shifting first rocker arm and comprises a U-shaped groove connected with a gear shifting nut, a baffle for preventing the end part of the second flexible element from moving and a through hole connected with a gear shifting shaft;
the first flexible element and the second flexible element are fixed through one end of a gear shifting block, and the other end of the gear shifting block is sleeved with a gear shifting shaft.
Preferably, the gear shifting nut and the gear shifting block are respectively positioned between the gear shifting first rocker arm and the gear shifting second rocker arm, the gear shifting block is positioned below the gear shifting nut, and the two sides of one end of the gear shifting block are respectively sleeved with the first flexible element and the second flexible element.
In order to avoid the end parts of the first flexible element and the second flexible element from moving, a baffle plate is connected to the side wall of the first rocker arm and the side wall of the second rocker arm, which correspond to the positions of the first flexible element and the second flexible element.
In order to acquire the moving condition of a part through a first gear shifting sensor, a first gear shifting sensor rocker arm assembly is arranged on the first gear shifting sensor and comprises a shifting fork and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with the first gear shifting sensor, one end of the shifting fork is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of the shifting fork is connected with the first gear shifting rocker arm through a pin shaft.
In order to convert the rotary motion of the shift motor into the axial motion of the shift nut, the shift screw is connected with the shift nut by a ball or trapezoidal thread and transmits power.
In order to transmit the power of the gear selection motor to the screw nut assembly, the gear assembly comprises a first gear and a second gear, the gear selection motor is connected with the second gear through a gear selection coupler, the second gear is meshed with the first gear, and the first gear is connected with the screw nut assembly.
In order to enable the gear selection sensor to realize control feedback of the gear selection position, the screw rod nut assembly comprises a gear selection screw rod and a gear selection nut, a clamping groove matched with a gear shifting head is formed in the gear selection nut, the gear selection nut is connected with a gear selection sensor rocker arm assembly, and the other end of the gear selection sensor rocker arm assembly is connected with the gear selection sensor.
The pretightening force F and the maximum gear shifting force F required by the gearbox hmax And gear locking force F s In relation, the pretension force F needs to satisfy the following conditions: f (F) min >max(0.35F hmax ,1.3F s )。
The second object of the present invention is to provide a control system for a gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism, which is implemented by the gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism, wherein the control system includes a normal processing procedure and an abnormal processing procedure, the normal processing procedure is a processing procedure when the gear shifting first sensor and the gear shifting second sensor are in a normal state, and the abnormal processing procedure is a processing procedure when the gear shifting first sensor or the gear shifting second sensor is in an abnormal state.
Preferably, whether the first sensor and the second sensor are in a normal working state is judged by judging whether the values of the first sensor and the second sensor are in the corresponding first reasonable interval.
Preferably, the normal process is as follows:
if the rotation speed difference of the two sides of the target gear meets the condition: and delta n is less than or equal to n1, namely the rotation speed difference at two sides of the target gear is in an allowable rotation speed difference range, controlling the gear shifting motor to execute gear shifting action to a target position S1 of the gear shifting first sensor, and if the rotation speed difference at two sides of the target gear does not meet the condition: controlling the rotation speed to be synchronous to ensure that the rotation speed difference meets the condition when delta n is less than or equal to n 1;
after the gear shifting motor executes the gear shifting action to the target position S1 of the gear shifting first sensor, if the difference value of the gear shifting first sensor and the gear shifting second sensor meets the condition: b is less than or equal to b1, controlling the gear shifting motor to execute gear shifting action to a target position S2 of the gear shifting first sensor;
if the difference value of the first sensor and the second sensor does not meet the condition: and if delta b is less than or equal to b1, dithering the rotation speed of the driving shaft, and then judging whether the difference value of the values of the first gear-shifting sensor and the second gear-shifting sensor meets the condition: Δb is less than or equal to b1;
after the gear shifting motor executes the gear shifting action to the target position second S2 of the gear shifting first sensor, if the numerical values of the gear shifting first sensor and the gear shifting second sensor are in the corresponding second reasonable intervals, the gear shifting operation is completed, and if the numerical values of the gear shifting first sensor and the gear shifting second sensor are not in the corresponding second reasonable intervals, the rotating speed of the driving shaft is subjected to shaking processing until the numerical values of the gear shifting first sensor and the gear shifting second sensor are in the corresponding second reasonable intervals.
Preferably, the abnormal treatment process is as follows: when the first sensor or the second sensor is abnormal, abnormal gear shifting processing is carried out; when the first sensor and the second sensor are abnormal, the system is directly informed of error and the shifting action can not be completed;
when the first sensor for gear shifting is abnormal, if the rotation speed difference of two sides of the target gear meets the condition: if delta n is less than or equal to n2, controlling the gear shifting motor to execute gear shifting action to a target position III S3 of the gear shifting first sensor, and if the rotation speed difference of two sides of the target gear does not meet the condition: controlling the rotation speed to be synchronous to ensure that the rotation speed difference meets the condition if delta n is less than or equal to n 2;
after the gear shifting motor executes gear shifting action to the target position of the gear shifting first sensor by three S3, assigning the dithering processing times to enable n=0, and then conducting dithering processing;
performing power combining attempt to verify whether gear shifting is completed;
if the rotation speed difference does not rise, judging that the abnormal gear shifting operation is completed, giving an error alarm to prompt maintenance, and if the rotation speed difference rises, performing dithering treatment and recording the dithering treatment frequency as n=n+1;
performing primary shaking processing, performing primary power combination attempt, verifying whether gear shifting is completed, judging that abnormal gear shifting operation is completed if the rotation speed difference does not rise, and sending out error alarm to prompt maintenance; if the dithering processing times n exceeds the set threshold value, the gear shifting action is not completed, and the gear shifting action can not be completed after the dithering processing times n are reported to the system;
when the gear-shifting second sensor is abnormal, if the rotation speed difference of the two sides of the target gear meets the condition: and if delta n is less than or equal to n3, controlling the gear shifting motor to execute gear shifting action to a target position four S4 of the gear shifting second sensor, and if the rotation speed difference of two sides of the target gear does not meet the condition: controlling the rotation speed to be synchronous to ensure that the rotation speed difference meets the condition if delta n is less than or equal to n 3;
assigning the dithering processing times to enable n=0;
if the target position of the second sensor is in place at the fourth S4, judging that the abnormal gear shifting operation is completed, and sending out an error alarm to prompt maintenance;
if the target position four S4 of the second sensor is not in place, performing the vibration processing of the rotation speed of the driving shaft, recording the vibration processing times as n=n+1,
if the target position four S4 of the second sensor is in place, judging that the abnormal gear shifting operation is completed, and giving out an error alarm to prompt maintenance;
if the number of times of dithering n exceeds the set threshold, the target position of the second sensor is not in place at the fourth S4, and a fault is reported to the system, so that the gear shifting action cannot be completed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism and the control system thereof, when the condition that the gear shifting head cannot shift the gear shifting fork occurs in the gear shifting process, the buffer mechanism is additionally arranged to provide pretightening force for the gear shifting head, so that a gear shifting nut can reach a designated position to improve abnormal conditions in the gear shifting process, the gear shifting head can rapidly enter a gear to complete gear shifting action, the corresponding gear shifting time is effectively reduced, overload operation of a gear shifting motor is avoided, and the service life of the motor is effectively prolonged; in addition, through gear assembly to select shelves motor to carry out overall dimension adjustment, can effectively reduce this actuating mechanism, be convenient for be applicable to different gearboxes.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the control system of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph of a first sensor for shifting and a second sensor for shifting during shifting according to the present invention.
Marked in the figure as: 1. a shift motor; 2. a shift coupling; 3. a gear shifting screw rod; 4. a shift nut; 5. a shift first rocker arm; 6. a shift first sensor; 7. a shift sensor rocker arm assembly; 8. a shift second rocker arm; 9. a first flexible element; 10. a second flexible element; 11. a shift block; 12. a shift second sensor; 13. a shift shaft; 14. a gear shifting head; 15. a feed screw nut assembly; 16. a first gear; 17. a second gear; 18. a gear selecting coupler; 19. a gear selecting motor; 20. a gear selection sensor rocker arm assembly; 21. a gear selection sensor; 22. and a pin shaft.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism comprises a gear shifting motor 1, a gear shifting shaft 13, a gear shifting head 14, a gear selecting motor 19 and a buffer mechanism, wherein the gear shifting motor 1 is connected with a gear shifting screw rod 3 through a gear shifting coupler 2, a gear shifting nut 4 is connected to the gear shifting screw rod 3, in a specific embodiment, the gear shifting screw rod 3 is connected with the gear shifting nut 4 through a ball or trapezoidal thread and transmits power, the power of the gear shifting motor 1 is transmitted to the gear shifting screw rod 3, and the power is transmitted through the ball or trapezoidal thread, so that the rotary motion of the gear shifting motor 1 is converted into the axial motion of the gear shifting nut 4.
The gear shifting nut 4 is connected with a buffer mechanism, one end of a gear shifting shaft 13 is respectively connected with the buffer mechanism and the gear shifting second sensor 12, the other end of the gear shifting shaft is sleeved with the gear shifting head 14, the gear shifting shaft 13 is also provided with a limiting groove, the buffer mechanism is also connected with the gear shifting first sensor 6, and the gear shifting first sensor 6 and the gear shifting second sensor 12 are all Hall angle sensors.
As shown in fig. 2, the buffer mechanism comprises a first rocker arm 5 for shifting, a second rocker arm 8 for shifting, a first flexible element 9, a second flexible element 10 and a shifting block 11, and is used for providing a pretightening force F for the shifting block 14 to reduce the shifting time, wherein the pretightening force F is equal to the maximum shifting force F required by a gearbox hmax And gear locking force F s In relation, the pretension force F needs to satisfy the following conditions: f (F) min >max(0.35F hmax ,1.3F s )。
Specifically, the first rocker arm 5 of shifting, the second rocker arm 8 of shifting set up relatively, shift nut 4, shift shifting piece 11 are located respectively and shift between first rocker arm 5 of shifting, shift between second rocker arm 8, shift piece 11 is located the below of shifting nut 4, first flexible component 9, second flexible component 10 have been cup jointed respectively to shift piece 11's one end both sides, the other end cup joints with shift shaft 13, shift piece 11 can be with first flexible component 9, second flexible component 10 location, avoid first flexible component 9, second flexible component 10 to appear moving dislocation in the compression in-process.
The first rocker arm 5 comprises a U-shaped groove which is in sliding connection with the shift nut 4, a baffle plate which prevents the end of the first flexible element 9 from moving, and a through hole which is connected with the shift shaft 13.
The gear shifting second rocker arm 8 is arranged opposite to the gear shifting first rocker arm 5, and the gear shifting second rocker arm 8 comprises a U-shaped groove connected with the gear shifting nut 4, a baffle for preventing the end part of the second flexible element 10 from moving, and a through hole connected with the gear shifting shaft 13. Specifically, the side walls of the first rocker arm 5 and the second rocker arm 8 are connected with baffles at positions corresponding to the first flexible element 9 and the second flexible element 10, and the first rocker arm 5, the second rocker arm 8 and the gear shifting shaft 13 can rotate relatively in the circumferential direction.
The force of the axial movement of the shift nut 4 is converted into the rotational force of the shift first rocker arm 5 and the shift second rocker arm 8 around the shift shaft 13 by the U-shaped grooves on the shift first rocker arm 5 and the shift second rocker arm 8, and the rotation of the shift first rocker arm 5 and the shift second rocker arm 8 further compresses the first flexible element 9 or the second flexible element 10 (selectively presses the first flexible element 9 or the second flexible element 10 according to the rotation direction), thereby transmitting the force to the shift block 11 through the first flexible element 9 or the second flexible element 10.
The gear shifting block 11 and the gear shifting shaft 13 are fixedly connected in the circumferential direction, so that the rotation of the gear shifting block 11 drives the gear shifting shaft 13 to rotate, the gear shifting shaft 13 transmits force or torque to the gear shifting block 14, and the gear shifting block 14 toggles a gear shifting fork (not shown in the figure) in the gearbox to realize gear shifting action.
As shown in fig. 2, a gear shift sensor rocker arm assembly 7 is mounted on the gear shift first sensor 6, the gear shift sensor rocker arm assembly 7 comprises a shifting fork and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with the gear shift first sensor 6, one end of the shifting fork is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of the shifting fork is connected with the gear shift first rocker arm 5 through a pin shaft 22. The rotation shaft is cooperatively connected with the first gear shifting sensor 6, and the rotation of the rotation shaft drives the output value of the first gear shifting sensor 6 to change so as to feed back the movement condition of the parts.
Specifically, the rotation of the first rocker arm 5 drives the pin 22 mounted on the first rocker arm to rotate, and the pin 22 is matched with the shifting fork in the first rocker arm assembly 7 of the shift sensor, so that the pin 22 drives the first rocker arm assembly 7 of the shift sensor to rotate around the first sensor 6 of the shift sensor, and the axial movement of the shift nut 4 is reacted through the output value of the first sensor 6 of the shift sensor, and the position of the shift nut 4 is intuitively judged through the output value.
As shown in fig. 1, the gear selecting motor 19 is connected with the screw nut assembly 15 through the gear selecting coupler 18 and the gear assembly, and the screw nut assembly 15 is respectively connected with the gear shifting head 14 and the gear selecting sensor 21.
As shown in fig. 2, the gear assembly comprises a first gear 16 and a second gear 17, a gear selecting motor 19 is connected with the second gear 17 through a gear selecting coupler 18, the second gear 17 is meshed with the first gear 16, and the first gear 16 is connected with the screw nut assembly 15. The first gear 16 and the second gear 17 mainly optimize the layout position of the gear selecting motor 19, so that the overall size of the gear selecting actuating mechanism is shortened, and a more compact and compatible appearance and installation size are provided.
As shown in fig. 2, the screw nut assembly 15 includes a gear selecting screw and a gear selecting nut, a clamping groove matched with the gear shifting head 14 is arranged on the gear selecting nut, the gear selecting nut is connected with the gear selecting sensor rocker arm assembly 20, and the other end of the gear selecting sensor rocker arm assembly 20 is connected with the gear selecting sensor 21.
The gear selecting motor 19 transmits power to the second gear 17 through the gear selecting coupler 18, then the power is transmitted to the first gear 16 through the second gear 17, the first gear 16 is matched with the screw nut assembly 15, the gear selecting motor 19 drives the gear selecting nut to axially move through forward rotation or reverse rotation, and the gear selecting nut is provided with a clamping groove matched with the gear shifting head 14, so that the gear shifting head 14 is driven to axially move on the gear shifting shaft 13 by the axial movement of the gear selecting nut, and the gear selecting action is realized.
Because the gear selection nut is connected with the gear selection sensor rocker arm assembly 20, the gear selection nut can stir the gear selection sensor rocker arm assembly 20 to rotate, the rotation motion of the gear selection sensor rocker arm assembly 20 is transmitted to the gear selection sensor 21, and the gear selection sensor 21 can output different values to reflect different rotation angles, so that the position information of the gear selection nut is obtained, and the control feedback of different gear selection positions is realized.
Example two
As shown in fig. 3, a second object of the present invention is to provide a control system for a gear selection actuator, which is realized by the gear selection actuator according to the first embodiment. The control system includes a normal process when the shift first sensor 6 and the shift second sensor 12 are in a normal state, and an abnormal process when the shift first sensor 6 or the shift second sensor 12 is in an abnormal state.
Specifically, whether the first gear shift sensor 6 and the second gear shift sensor 12 are in a normal working state is judged by judging whether the numerical values of the first gear shift sensor 6 and the second gear shift sensor 12 are in a corresponding first reasonable interval, wherein the first reasonable interval can be selected to be 0.5-4.5V.
As shown in fig. 3, the normal process is as follows:
if the rotation speed difference of the two sides of the target gear meets the condition: if Δn+.n1, i.e. the rotational speed difference across the target gear is within the allowable rotational speed difference range, the shift motor 1 is controlled to perform a shift action to the target position S1 of the shift first sensor 6, the target position S1 of the shift first sensor 6 may be set at any position between the synchronization position point to the shift-to-position point, which is preferably designed 3mm before the shift-to-position point in a specific embodiment. If the rotation speed difference of the two sides of the target gear does not meet the condition: and if delta n is less than or equal to n1, controlling the rotation speed to be synchronous so that the rotation speed difference meets the condition. The speed difference allowed by the existing shift actuator without a buffer mechanism is 50rpm, and the shift actuator with a buffer mechanism can extend the speed difference to 100rpm, and in a specific embodiment, the speed difference n1 is preferably set to 80rpm.
In order to judge the following condition of the shift head 14, determine whether the shift head 14 reaches a designated position, judge the difference value between the values of the shift first sensor 6 and the shift second sensor 12, if the shift second sensor 12 is not in place, perform the driving shaft rotation speed dithering process to accelerate the shift head 14 in place, and if the shift second sensor 12 is in place, make the shift motor 1 execute a further shift action to the target position second S2 of the shift first sensor 6, where the target position second S2 of the shift first sensor 6 may be set at the shift full engagement point or 1mm before the shift full engagement point.
The specific process is as follows: after the shift motor 1 executes the shift action to the target position S1 of the shift first sensor 6, if the difference value between the values of the shift first sensor 6 and the shift second sensor 12 satisfies the condition: if Δb is less than or equal to b1, controlling the gear shifting motor 1 to execute the gear shifting action to a target position two S2 of the gear shifting first sensor 6, and if the difference value of the values of the gear shifting first sensor 6 and the gear shifting second sensor 12 does not meet the condition: and if Δb is less than or equal to b1, performing dithering treatment on the rotation speed of the driving shaft, and then judging whether the difference value of the values of the gear-shifting first sensor 6 and the gear-shifting second sensor 12 meets the condition: Δb is smaller than or equal to b1.
After the gear shifting motor 1 executes the gear shifting action to the second target position S2 of the gear shifting first sensor 6, if the values of the gear shifting first sensor 6 and the gear shifting second sensor 12 are in the corresponding second reasonable interval, the gear shifting operation is completed, and if the values of the gear shifting first sensor 6 and the gear shifting second sensor 12 are not in the corresponding second reasonable interval, the vibration processing is performed on the rotation speed of the driving shaft until the values of the gear shifting first sensor 6 and the gear shifting second sensor 12 are in the corresponding second reasonable interval, wherein the second reasonable interval can be selected to be smaller than 0.9V or larger than 3V.
When the first gear shifting sensor 6 and the second gear shifting sensor 12 are abnormal, the system is directly informed of errors, and the gear shifting action cannot be completed; because the gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism is designed by a plurality of sensors, the gear shifting action can be completed under the condition that a single sensor is effective, and therefore, when the gear shifting first sensor 6 or the gear shifting second sensor 12 is abnormal, abnormal gear shifting treatment can be carried out.
As shown in fig. 3, the abnormal process is as follows:
on the one hand, when the first sensor 6 for gear shifting is abnormal, if the rotation speed difference at both sides of the target gear satisfies the condition: if delta n is less than or equal to n2, controlling the gear shifting motor 1 to execute gear shifting action to a target position three S3 of the gear shifting first sensor 6, and if the rotation speed difference of two sides of the target gear does not meet the condition: and if delta n is less than or equal to n2, controlling the rotation speed to be synchronous so that the rotation speed difference meets the condition. In the case of a single sensor, a suitable drop in the speed difference condition is required, and in a specific embodiment, the preferred speed difference n2 may be set at 60rpm. Furthermore, the target position three S3 of the shift first sensor 6 may be set at any position between the shift-to-site and 3mm before the shift-to-site, and in a specific embodiment, is preferably designed at 1mm before the shift-to-site.
After the gear shifting motor 1 executes the gear shifting action to the target position three S3 of the gear shifting first sensor 6, the shaking processing times are assigned, and shaking processing is performed after n=0;
a power combining attempt is made to verify that the shift is complete. In particular, the test action may be achieved by partially engaging a clutch or by providing torque through a drive motor.
If the rotation speed difference does not rise, judging that the abnormal gear shifting operation is completed, giving an error alarm to prompt maintenance, and if the rotation speed difference rises, performing dithering treatment and recording the dithering treatment frequency as n=n+1;
performing primary shaking processing, performing primary power combination attempt, verifying whether gear shifting is completed, judging that abnormal gear shifting operation is completed if the rotation speed difference does not rise, and sending out error alarm to prompt maintenance; if the dithering processing times n exceeds the set threshold, the gear shifting action is not completed, and the gear shifting action cannot be completed after the dithering processing times n are reported to the system.
After the rotation speed is determined to be increased, a plurality of power combination attempts are needed, so that whether the gear shifting action is completed is verified, wherein the threshold value set by the shaking processing times n is preferably 3, and the value can be adjusted according to different working conditions and vehicle types.
On the other hand, when the shift second sensor 12 is abnormal, if the rotational speed difference on both sides of the target gear satisfies the condition: if delta n is less than or equal to n3, controlling the gear shifting motor 1 to execute gear shifting action to a target position four S4 of the gear shifting second sensor 12, and if the rotation speed difference of two sides of the target gear does not meet the condition: and if delta n is less than or equal to n3, controlling the rotation speed to be synchronous so that the rotation speed difference meets the condition. Since the shift second sensor 12 can more accurately confirm whether the shift action is in place, the speed difference limitation condition can be relaxed, and the speed difference n3 is preferably set to 70rpm. Furthermore, the target position four S4 of the shift second sensor 12 may be set anywhere between 3mm before the shift to the locus, and in a specific embodiment, the target position four S4 of the shift second sensor 12 is preferably designed 1mm before the shift to the locus.
Assigning the dithering processing times to enable n=0;
if the target position IV S4 of the second sensor 12 is in place, judging that the abnormal gear shifting operation is completed, and sending out an error alarm to prompt maintenance;
if the target position four S4 of the second sensor 12 is not in place, the driving shaft rotation speed dithering process is performed, and the number of dithering processes is recorded as n=n+1,
if the target position four S4 of the second sensor 12 is in place, judging that the abnormal gear shifting operation is completed, and giving an error alarm to prompt maintenance;
if the number of times of dithering n exceeds the set threshold, the target position four S4 of the second sensor 12 is still not in place, and a fault is reported to the system, so that the gear shifting operation cannot be completed.
Example III
As shown in fig. 4, the shift select/shift actuator of the present embodiment shifts the graphs of the first shift sensor 6 and the second shift sensor 12 during shifting:
time period t0-t 1: the gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism is in a neutral gear state or a gear selecting waiting state;
time period t1-t 2: a first gear shifting process section, wherein the position of the gear shifting nut 4 at the point t2 is in place;
time period t2-t 3: a second shift process stage, delaying the shift collar 14 into position due to compression of the flexible member;
time period t3-t 4: in the gear process section;
time period t4-t 5: a gear-picking process section;
time period t5-t 6: a neutral gear time period which may be in a parking, running, or gear shifting synchronization state;
time period t6-t 7: a third shift process section, the position of the shift nut 4 being in place at point t 7;
time period t7-t 8: a fourth shift process stage, delaying the shift collar 14 into position due to compression of the flexible member;
time period t8-t 9: in the gear process section;
time period t9-t 10: a gear-picking process section;
time period t10-t 11: a neutral gear time period which may be in a parking, running, or gear shifting synchronization state;
time period t11-t 12: a fifth gear shifting process section, wherein the strokes of the first gear shifting sensor 6 and the second gear shifting sensor 12 are consistent (namely, the strokes of the gear shifting nut 4 and the gear shifting head 14 are consistent);
time period t12-t 13: in the sixth gear shifting process section, the situation that the gear shifting head 14 cannot shift the gear shifting fork occurs, and the signal of the gear shifting second sensor 12 is unchanged or slightly changed; the presence of the flexible element, which is manifested on the gearbox in the case of a tooth-tip during shifting, allows the shifting nut 4 to continue to reach the designated position;
time period t13-t 14: a seventh gear shifting process section, wherein the gear shifting nut 4 is in place, the pretightening force of the part of the compression flexible element is transmitted to the gear shifting head 14, and the gear shifting head 14 rapidly advances to shift gears after the tooth top situation is improved or the rotation speed difference is reduced to a threshold value in the gear shifting process, so that the gear shifting action is completed;
time period t14-t 15: in the gear process section;
time period t15-t 16: a gear-picking process section;
time period t16-t 23: refer to paragraphs t10-t 16.
The time period from t1 to t3 is a gear shifting process, and the gear shifting action from t3 is completed;
and the time period from t6 to t8 is a gear shifting process, and the gear shifting action is completed until the point t 8.
In the gear shifting process section from t11 to t14, as the first flexible element 9 and the second flexible element 10 are additionally arranged, when the situation that the tooth top teeth or the rotation speed difference is not in the specified range is met, the gear shifting nut 4 can be preferentially adjusted to the specified position by compressing the flexible element, and after the gear shifting condition is met, the gear shifting head 14 can rapidly complete the gear shifting action due to the large pretightening force, the response time of gear shifting is reduced, the gear shifting success rate is improved, the possible stall time of the gear shifting motor 1 can also be reduced, and the service life of the gear shifting motor 1 is prolonged.
For example: under the condition of no buffer mechanism, the gear shifting rotation speed difference is less than or equal to 50rpm to perform gear shifting action, and under the condition of the buffer mechanism, the gear shifting action can be performed when the rotation speed difference is increased to less than or equal to 100 rpm.
The flexible element needs a certain pretightening force after being installed in place, and the pretightening force needs to be according to the maximum shifting force F needed by different gearboxes hmax And gear locking force F s In combination, the pretension force F should satisfy the following conditions:
F min >max(0.35F hmax ,1.3F s )
the flexible element needs to allow a certain compression amount, the compression amount is related to the distance from the synchronous point or the tooth point of the tooth tip of the meshing sleeve to the position where the gear is completely shifted in the gear shifting process, and meanwhile the influence of the lever ratio of the mechanism part needs to be considered, and the compression amount of the flexible element is set according to actual requirements.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism is characterized by comprising a gear shifting motor (1), a gear shifting shaft (13), a gear shifting head (14), a gear selecting motor (19) and a buffer mechanism, wherein the gear shifting motor (1) is connected with a gear shifting screw rod (3) through a gear shifting shaft coupling (2), a gear shifting nut (4) is connected onto the gear shifting screw rod (3), the buffer mechanism is connected onto the gear shifting nut (4), and the buffer mechanism is used for providing a pretightening force F for the gear shifting head (14) so as to reduce gear shifting time;
one end of the gear shifting shaft (13) is respectively connected with the buffer mechanism and the gear shifting second sensor (12), the other end of the gear shifting shaft is sleeved with the gear shifting head (14), a limiting groove is further formed in the gear shifting shaft (13), and the buffer mechanism is further connected with the gear shifting first sensor (6);
the gear selecting motor (19) is connected with the screw-nut assembly (15) through the gear selecting coupler (18) and the gear assembly, and the screw-nut assembly (15) is respectively connected with the gear shifting head (14) and the gear selecting sensor (21);
the buffer mechanism comprises a first gear shifting rocker arm (5), a second gear shifting rocker arm (8), a first flexible element (9), a second flexible element (10) and a gear shifting block (11);
the gear-shifting first rocker arm (5) comprises a U-shaped groove which is in sliding connection with the gear-shifting nut (4), a baffle plate which prevents the end part of the first flexible element (9) from moving, and a through hole which is connected with the gear-shifting shaft (13);
the gear shifting second rocker arm (8) is arranged opposite to the gear shifting first rocker arm (5), and the gear shifting second rocker arm (8) comprises a U-shaped groove connected with a gear shifting nut (4), a baffle for preventing the end part of the second flexible element (10) from moving and a through hole connected with a gear shifting shaft (13);
the first flexible element (9) and the second flexible element (10) are fixed through one end of a gear shifting block (11), and the other end of the gear shifting block (11) is sleeved with a gear shifting shaft (13);
the gear shifting nut (4) and the gear shifting block (11) are respectively positioned between the gear shifting first rocker arm (5) and the gear shifting second rocker arm (8), the gear shifting block (11) is positioned below the gear shifting nut (4), and a first flexible element (9) and a second flexible element (10) are respectively sleeved on two sides of one end of the gear shifting block (11); and baffle plates are connected at positions of the side walls of the gear shifting first rocker arm (5) and the gear shifting second rocker arm (8) corresponding to the first flexible element (9) and the second flexible element (10).
2. The gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear shifting first sensor (6) is provided with a gear shifting sensor rocker arm assembly (7), the gear shifting sensor rocker arm assembly (7) comprises a shifting fork and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with the gear shifting first sensor (6), one end of the shifting fork is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of the shifting fork is connected with the gear shifting first rocker arm (5) through a pin shaft (22).
3. Gear selection actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear assembly comprises a first gear (16), a second gear (17), the gear selection motor (19) being connected to the second gear (17) by a gear selection coupling (18), the second gear (17) being in mesh with the first gear (16), the first gear (16) being connected to a spindle nut assembly (15);
the gear selecting device is characterized in that the screw rod nut assembly (15) comprises a gear selecting screw rod and a gear selecting nut, a clamping groove matched with the gear shifting head (14) is formed in the gear selecting nut, the gear selecting nut is connected with the gear selecting sensor rocker arm assembly (20), and the other end of the gear selecting sensor rocker arm assembly (20) is connected with the gear selecting sensor (21).
4. The gear selection and shift actuator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-tightening force F is equal to a maximum gear shift force F required by the gearbox h max And gear locking force F s In relation, the pretension force F needs to satisfy the following conditions: f (F) min >max(0.35F h max ,1.3F s )。
5. A control system of a gear selection and shifting actuator according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the control system comprises a normal process and an abnormal process, wherein the normal process is a process when the first gear shift sensor (6) and the second gear shift sensor (12) are in a normal state, and the abnormal process is a process when the first gear shift sensor (6) or the second gear shift sensor (12) is in an abnormal state.
6. The control system of the gear selecting and shifting executing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein whether the gear shifting first sensor (6) and the gear shifting second sensor (12) are in a normal working state is judged by judging whether the numerical values of the gear shifting first sensor (6) and the gear shifting second sensor (12) are in the corresponding first reasonable intervals.
7. The control system of a shift select actuator as set forth in claim 5, wherein said normal process is as follows:
if the rotation speed difference of the two sides of the target gear meets the condition: and delta n is less than or equal to n1, namely the rotation speed difference at two sides of the target gear is in an allowable rotation speed difference range, controlling the gear shifting motor (1) to execute gear shifting action to a target position S1 of the gear shifting first sensor (6), and if the rotation speed difference at two sides of the target gear does not meet the condition: controlling the rotation speed to be synchronous to ensure that the rotation speed difference meets the condition when delta n is less than or equal to n 1;
after the gear shifting motor (1) executes the gear shifting action to the target position S1 of the gear shifting first sensor (6), if the difference value of the gear shifting first sensor (6) and the gear shifting second sensor (12) meets the condition: if delta b is less than or equal to b1, controlling the gear shifting motor (1) to execute gear shifting action to a target position II S2 of the gear shifting first sensor (6);
if the difference between the values of the first gear shift sensor (6) and the second gear shift sensor (12) does not satisfy the condition: and if delta b is less than or equal to b1, carrying out dithering treatment on the rotation speed of the driving shaft, and then judging whether the difference value of the values of the gear-shifting first sensor (6) and the gear-shifting second sensor (12) meets the condition: Δb is less than or equal to b1;
after the gear shifting motor (1) executes the gear shifting action to the target position II S2 of the gear shifting first sensor (6), if the numerical values of the gear shifting first sensor (6) and the gear shifting second sensor (12) are in the corresponding second reasonable intervals, the gear shifting operation is completed, and if the numerical values of the gear shifting first sensor (6) and the gear shifting second sensor (12) are not in the corresponding second reasonable intervals, the vibration processing is carried out on the rotating speed of the driving shaft until the numerical values of the gear shifting first sensor (6) and the gear shifting second sensor (12) are in the corresponding second reasonable intervals.
8. The control system of a shift select actuator as set forth in claim 5, wherein said abnormal process is as follows: when the first gear shifting sensor (6) or the second gear shifting sensor (12) is abnormal, abnormal gear shifting processing is carried out; when the first gear shifting sensor (6) and the second gear shifting sensor (12) are abnormal, the system is directly informed of errors and the gear shifting action cannot be completed;
when the first gear shifting sensor (6) is abnormal, if the rotation speed difference of the two sides of the target gear meets the condition: if delta n is less than or equal to n2, controlling the gear shifting motor (1) to execute gear shifting action to a target position three S3 of a gear shifting first sensor (6), and if the rotation speed difference of two sides of the target gear does not meet the condition: controlling the rotation speed to be synchronous to ensure that the rotation speed difference meets the condition if delta n is less than or equal to n 2;
after the gear shifting motor (1) executes gear shifting action to a target position three S3 of the gear shifting first sensor (6), the shaking processing times are assigned, and shaking processing is carried out after n=0;
performing power combining attempt to verify whether gear shifting is completed;
if the rotation speed difference does not rise, judging that the abnormal gear shifting operation is completed, giving an error alarm to prompt maintenance, and if the rotation speed difference rises, performing dithering treatment and recording the dithering treatment frequency as n=n+1;
performing primary shaking processing, performing primary power combination attempt, verifying whether gear shifting is completed, judging that abnormal gear shifting operation is completed if the rotation speed difference does not rise, and sending out error alarm to prompt maintenance; if the dithering processing times n exceeds the set threshold value, the gear shifting action is not completed, and the gear shifting action can not be completed after the dithering processing times n are reported to the system;
when the gear-shifting second sensor (12) is abnormal, if the rotation speed difference of the two sides of the target gear meets the condition: if delta n is less than or equal to n3, controlling the gear shifting motor (1) to execute gear shifting action to a target position four S4 of a gear shifting second sensor (12), and if the rotation speed difference of two sides of the target gear does not meet the condition: controlling the rotation speed to be synchronous to ensure that the rotation speed difference meets the condition if delta n is less than or equal to n 3;
assigning the dithering processing times to enable n=0;
if the target position of the gear shifting second sensor (12) is in place at the fourth S4, judging that the abnormal gear shifting operation is completed, and sending out an error alarm to prompt maintenance;
if the target position four S4 of the gear-shifting second sensor (12) is not in place, the rotation speed dithering process of the driving shaft is carried out, the dithering process frequency is recorded as n=n+1,
if the target position four S4 of the second gear shifting sensor (12) is in place, judging that the abnormal gear shifting operation is completed, and giving out an error alarm to prompt maintenance;
if the shaking processing times n exceeds the set threshold value, the target position four S4 of the gear-shifting second sensor (12) is not in place, and the gear-shifting action cannot be completed after the system is in error.
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| CN202310845433.6A CN116877683B (en) | 2023-07-11 | 2023-07-11 | Gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism and control system thereof |
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| CN202310845433.6A CN116877683B (en) | 2023-07-11 | 2023-07-11 | Gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism and control system thereof |
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| DE102011105919A1 (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2012-12-27 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) | Switch for gearbox of motor vehicle, has elastic elements that are arranged between shift fork carrier and shift fork guide element which is slidingly mounted on torque-proof shift fork carrier |
| CN205136564U (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-04-06 | 浙江尤奈特电机有限公司 | Take buffer structure's gearshift for gearbox |
| CN107859738A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-30 | 浙江万里扬股份有限公司 | A kind of new commercial car gear selecting gear-shifting actuating mechanism and commercial car speed changer |
| CN111649123A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-11 | 瑞立集团瑞安汽车零部件有限公司 | AMT gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9869387B2 (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2018-01-16 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Predictive control of a change-of-mind-shift maneuver |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1286662A (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2001-03-07 | 卢克摩擦片和离合器有限公司 | Gear box |
| EP1507105A2 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2005-02-16 | Dr. Ing. H. C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Change speed gear especially automated vehicle gearbox |
| WO2010063339A1 (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-10 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Change-speed gearbox |
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|---|---|
| CN116877683A (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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