CN116877597A

CN116877597A - Braking mechanism and rotary drilling rig

Info

Publication number: CN116877597A
Application number: CN202310801551.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵健; 朱长林; 陈方超; 陈龙
Original assignee: Shanghai Zoomlion Piling Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Zoomlion Piling Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-06-30
Filing date: 2023-06-30
Publication date: 2023-10-13

Abstract

The invention provides a braking mechanism which is suitable for a rotary drilling rig, the rotary drilling rig comprises an upper car assembly, a lower car assembly and a rotary speed reducer, the upper car assembly and the lower car assembly are connected in a relatively rotating manner through a rotary support, an output shaft of the rotary speed reducer is meshed with the rotary support for transmission, the braking mechanism is used for locking the rotary support, and the braking mechanism can approach and contact and rub with the rotary support to realize braking. The invention also provides a rotary drilling rig, which comprises the braking mechanism. In the rotary drilling rig, the rotary braking is realized through the friction contact between the braking mechanism and the rotary support, the tooth-to-tooth gaps are avoided, the construction stability of the whole machine is ensured, and the safety of the construction process is improved; the braking mechanism replaces a speed reducer which is only used for braking in the process of realizing braking by the double speed reducers, and the production cost is saved.

Description

Braking mechanism and rotary drilling rig

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a braking mechanism and a rotary drilling rig.

Background

The rotary drilling rig is large-scale piling equipment widely applied to foundation engineering construction in China, and an upper car assembly and a lower car assembly of the rotary drilling rig are connected through a platform rotation mechanism, so that the upper car can rotate relative to the lower car, and the upper car rotation is a frequent action in the operation process of the rotary drilling rig. When the upper vehicle rotates in place, the platform rotation mechanism is locked and braked, so that the upper vehicle is prevented from rotating accidentally, and the pore-forming quality is ensured.

The rotary drilling rig in the prior art realizes rotary braking for double speed reducers, wherein one speed reducer is provided with a motor for driving and braking, and the other speed reducer is provided with no motor and only plays a role in braking. The existing rotary drilling rig in the market basically adopts a telescopic drill rod for operation, and the drilling process is to drill a bucket of soil, then lift the drill to the ground, rotate about 90 degrees for unloading the soil, reversely rotate to the original hole site for drilling, and repeat the above actions. In the process, the speed reducer is suddenly braked, so that the instant kinetic energy is large, the instant impact load acting on the output shaft of the speed reducer is large, and the speed reducer is easy to damage. In addition, in the drilling process, the drill bit is subjected to great unbalanced load due to the fact that the drill bit bumps into hard rock or the positioning hole position is inaccurate after soil unloading each time, and strong torque is generated and transmitted to the speed reducer, so that the speed reducer is damaged. At present, impact torque in the rotation and operation process is born by an output shaft of the speed reducer, so that the output shaft is easy to damage and potential safety hazards in construction are easy to bring. Meanwhile, under the condition that a single speed reducer meets driving force, the other speed reducer only realizes a braking function, and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a rotary drilling rig, which aims to solve the problems of potential construction safety hazards and higher generation cost caused by the fact that a speed reducer for realizing braking is easy to damage.

The invention provides a braking mechanism which is suitable for a rotary drilling rig, wherein the rotary drilling rig comprises an upper car assembly, a lower car assembly and a rotary speed reducer, the upper car assembly and the lower car assembly are connected in a relatively rotating manner through a rotary support, an output shaft of the rotary speed reducer is meshed with the rotary support for transmission, the braking mechanism is used for locking the rotary support, and the braking mechanism can approach and contact with the rotary support for friction so as to realize braking.

In an embodiment of the invention, the braking mechanism comprises a braking arm, a braking part and a driving device, wherein the braking arm is provided with a switching point which is rotationally connected with the lower vehicle assembly, the braking arm is provided with a first hinging point which is hinged with the braking part and a second hinging point which is hinged with the driving device, the first hinging point and the second hinging point are respectively positioned at two sides of the switching point, the driving device is fixedly connected with the lower vehicle assembly, and the driving device can drive the braking arm to rotate around the switching point to be close to or far away from the slewing bearing so as to drive the braking part to be far away from or close to the slewing bearing, so that the rotary drilling rig can be switched between an unlocking state and a braking state;

in a braking state, the braking piece is close to the slewing bearing and contacts and rubs with the slewing bearing; in the unlocked state, the brake is remote from the pivoting support.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the brake arm includes a first portion and a second portion connected in sequence, the transfer point is located at a connection position of the first portion and the second portion, the first hinge point is located at an end of the first portion away from the transfer point, the second hinge point is located at an end of the second portion away from the transfer point, an included angle is formed between a length direction of the first portion and a length direction of the second portion, and the included angle is 60 ° to 160 °.

In an embodiment of the invention, the distance between the first hinge point and the pivoting support is smaller than the distance between the pivoting point and the pivoting support.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the brake member includes a brake shoe fixedly connected to the brake shoe and a friction plate hinged to the first portion at the first hinge point, and in a braking state, the friction plate is adjacent to and in contact with the slewing bearing.

In one embodiment of the invention, the friction plate is in surface contact with the slewing bearing, and the surface of the friction plate, which is close to one side of the slewing bearing, is matched with the outer contour of the slewing bearing.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a connection distance between the first hinge point and the transfer point is smaller than a connection distance between the second hinge point and the transfer point.

In an embodiment of the invention, the driving device is a hydraulic cylinder.

In one embodiment of the present invention, there are two braking mechanisms, and the two braking mechanisms are rotationally symmetrically distributed with the center line of the slewing bearing as the center of the symmetry axis.

The invention also provides a rotary drilling rig, which comprises the braking mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: in the braking mechanism and the rotary drilling rig, the rotary braking is realized through the friction contact between the braking mechanism and the rotary support, tooth-to-tooth gaps are avoided, the construction stability of the whole machine is ensured, and the safety of the construction process is improved; the braking mechanism replaces a speed reducer which is only used for braking in the process of realizing braking by the double speed reducers, and the production cost is saved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a rotary drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the rotary drilling rig of FIG. 1 with the brake mechanism removed and a portion of the upper carriage assembly removed.

Fig. 3 is a top view of a rotary drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the installation connection among the lower carriage assembly, the brake mechanism and the slewing bearing of the rotary drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the mounting connection between the brake mechanism and the slewing bearing shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first view of a brake mechanism of a rotary drilling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a second view of a brake mechanism of a rotary drilling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the slewing gear, the brake mechanism and the slewing bearing shown in fig. 2 before being mounted and connected.

Detailed Description

The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The invention provides a braking mechanism which is suitable for a rotary drilling rig, as shown in fig. 1-4, the rotary drilling rig comprises an upper car assembly 10, a lower car assembly 20 and a rotary speed reducer 30, wherein the upper car assembly 10 and the lower car assembly 20 are connected in a relatively rotating manner through a rotary support 50, and the upper car assembly 10 can rotate relative to the lower car assembly 20 through the rotary support 50. The rotary speed reducer 30 is mounted on the boarding assembly, and an output shaft of the rotary speed reducer 30 is meshed with the rotary support 50 for transmission. The braking mechanism 40 is disposed between the upper vehicle assembly 10 and the lower vehicle assembly 20, and is used for locking the slewing bearing 50, and the braking mechanism 40 can approach and contact with the slewing bearing 50 for friction so as to realize braking.

In the braking mechanism, the braking mechanism 40 is in friction contact with the slewing bearing 50 to realize slewing braking, so that tooth-to-tooth gaps are avoided, the stability of the whole machine construction is ensured, and the safety of the construction process is improved; the braking mechanism 40 replaces a speed reducer which is only used for braking in the process of realizing braking by double speed reducers, and the production cost is saved.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the brake mechanism 40 includes a brake arm 41, a brake member 42 and a driving device 43, where the brake arm 41 is relatively rotatably connected to the lower vehicle assembly 20 and has a rotating joint rotatably connected to the lower vehicle assembly 20, two ends of the brake arm 41 are respectively hinged to the brake member 42 and the driving device 43, and have a first hinge point hinged to the brake member 42 and a second hinge point hinged to the driving device 43, the first hinge point and the second hinge point are respectively located at two sides of the rotating joint, the driving device 43 is fixedly connected to the lower vehicle assembly 20, and the driving device 43 can drive the brake arm 41 to rotate around the rotating joint to approach or separate from the slewing bearing 50, so as to drive the brake member 42 to separate from or approach to the slewing bearing 50, so as to implement the conversion of the rotary drilling machine between the unlocking state and the braking state. In the braking state, the braking member 42 approaches the slewing bearing 50 and contacts and rubs with the slewing bearing 50; in the unlocked state, the brake 42 is away from the slewing bearing 50. The braking piece 42 and the slewing bearing 50 are contacted with each other to realize braking, tooth-to-tooth meshing braking between a braking speed reducer and the slewing bearing 50 is canceled, meanwhile, gaps exist between the teeth and the side edges of the teeth, the shaking amount of the whole machine is easy to become large, holes are easy to deviate, the stability of the braking process is improved, and the rotary punching machine can be accurately locked at a position needing punching without deviation.

The driving device 43 may be a hydraulic cylinder.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6-7, the brake arm 41 includes a first portion 411 and a second portion 412 connected in sequence, the switching point is located at the connection position of the first portion 411 and the second portion 412, the first hinge point is located at one end of the first portion 411 away from the switching point, the second hinge point is located at one end of the second portion 412 away from the switching point, an included angle is formed between the length direction of the first portion 411 and the length direction of the second portion 412, and the included angle is 60 ° to 160 °. Those skilled in the art may set the included angles to 60 °, 70 °, 80 °, 100 °, 110 °, 115 °, 125 °, 130 °, 145 °, 150 °, 155 °, etc. according to actual needs, which are not limited herein.

Specifically, the brake arm 41 is formed by an upper support plate and a lower support plate, and a support rib plate is further arranged between the upper support plate and the lower support plate to increase strength, and the support rib plate is welded between the upper support plate and the lower support plate. The structural shapes of the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate are identical, and are arranged at intervals which are relatively coincident in the up-down direction. The output end of the driving device 43 is located between the upper and lower support plates and can be hinged by a pin. The stopper 42 is partially located between the upper and lower support plates and may be hinged by a pin.

In this embodiment, the brake member 42 includes a brake shoe 421 and a friction plate 422, the friction plate 422 is fixedly connected to the brake shoe 421, the brake shoe 421 is hinged to the first portion 411 at a first hinge point, and in a braking state, the friction plate 422 is close to the slewing bearing 50 and contacts and rubs with the slewing bearing 50.

The braking principle of the braking mechanism 40 mainly uses the lever principle, that is, the hinge point is taken as a fulcrum, the second hinge point is far away from the slewing bearing 50, and the first hinge point is close to the slewing bearing 50 synchronously. Referring to fig. 8, a pivot point is defined as B, a first hinge point is defined as a, a second hinge point is defined as C, and D is a fixed point at which the driving device 43 is fixedly connected to the lower vehicle assembly 20 with respect to the lower vehicle assembly. The driving device 43 takes D as a fixed point (fixedly connected with the lower vehicle assembly 20), a driving piece (a piston rod of a hydraulic oil cylinder) of the driving device 43 takes B as a rotating pivot to drive the braking arm 41 to move, at the moment, C rotates clockwise around B to be far away from the slewing bearing 50, synchronously, A rotates clockwise around B to be close to the slewing bearing 50, and the braking shoe 421 at the position B is driven to generate positive pressure on the outer ring surface of the slewing bearing 50 so as to select friction force of the friction plate 422 with a larger friction coefficient to generate friction locking braking with the slewing bearing 50, so that the required slewing braking moment is achieved, and braking is realized.

In this embodiment, the first hinge point a is close to the slewing bearing 50 relative to the pivot point B. Specifically, the connecting line between the first hinge point a, the transfer point B, the second hinge point C and the fixed point D may be circular arc, and the arc center is close to the center of the slewing bearing 50.

In this embodiment, the friction plate 422 is in surface contact with the slewing bearing 50, and the surface of the friction plate 422 close to one side of the slewing bearing 50 is adapted to the outer contour of the slewing bearing 50, so that the contact area between the friction plate 422 and the slewing bearing 50 is properly increased, the friction force is increased, and the braking effect is improved.

In this embodiment, the connecting line distance between the first hinge point a and the switching point B is smaller than the connecting line distance between the second hinge point C and the switching point B. When the driving device 43 is operated, the driving rod extends to provide a pushing force at the second hinge point C, and the braking arm 41 at the end is far away from the slewing bearing 50, so that the positive pressure generated on the outer ring of the slewing bearing 50 at the first hinge point A is larger than the pushing force at the second hinge point C as known by the lever principle. The distances between the first hinge point a, the transition point B and the second hinge point C are set such that the driving means 43 provides a small force to generate a large positive pressure on the slewing bearing 50.

In this embodiment, there are two braking mechanisms 40, and the two braking mechanisms 40 are rotationally symmetrically distributed about the center line of the slewing bearing 50 as the center of the symmetry axis. The symmetrical braking mechanism 40 works simultaneously to hug the slewing bearing 50, providing more friction to better achieve braking. Of course, those skilled in the art may set a different number of braking mechanisms, such as 3, 4, 5, etc., according to the actual situation, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

It will be appreciated that the two braking mechanisms 40 may be arranged in an axisymmetric distribution (non-centrosymmetric); the two braking mechanisms 40 may also be asymmetrically distributed. When there are more than two braking mechanisms 40, the braking mechanisms 40 may be arranged in a ring array and the outer ring of the slewing bearing 50, and of course, may also be arranged randomly.

The braking process of the rotary drilling rig comprises the following steps:

s1, in the drilling process of the rotary drilling rig, a control oil way does not act on the rotary speed reducer 30, an output shaft of the rotary speed reducer 30 is kept static, and a braking mechanism 40 locks a rotary support 50 to lock the upper vehicle assembly 10;

s2, when the drill bit filled with soil is lifted to be above the ground, a rotary button of the upper vehicle assembly 10 is started, oil is supplied to the rotary speed reducer 30 through an oil way, the oil pressure pushes the rotary speed reducer 30 to move, at the moment, a motor of the rotary speed reducer 30 rotates, and then the rotary support 50 is driven to rotate with the upper vehicle assembly 10, and when the rotary speed reducer rotates, the brake mechanism 40 is not in friction contact with the rotary support 50;

s3, when the vehicle rotates to a required position, the rotary button is closed, the oil pressure of the cut-off oil path is controlled, the motor of the rotary speed reducer 30 does not rotate, at the moment, the brake button is pressed down, the oil path supplies oil to the driving device 43 to enable the driving device 43 to work, a driving piece of the driving device 43 stretches out and pushes the end part of the brake arm 41 at the second hinge point to be far away from the slewing bearing 50, the end part of the brake arm 41 at the first hinge point is close to the slewing bearing 50 so as to drive the brake piece 42 to be close to the slewing bearing 50, and a friction plate 422 of the brake piece 42 is in friction contact with the slewing bearing 50 to brake, so that the upper vehicle assembly 10 is braked;

s4, after the soil is unloaded, the drill rod is operated to return to the original hole site, and the step S2 is only needed to be repeated, and the rotation direction of the driving motor is opposite.

In this document, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms described above will be understood to those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.

In this document, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. refer to the directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for clarity and convenience of description of the expression technical solution, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a list of elements is included, and may include other elements not expressly listed.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a brake mechanism, is applicable to rotary drilling rig, rotary drilling rig includes upper vehicle assembly (10), lower vehicle assembly (20) and gyration speed reducer (30), upper vehicle assembly (10) with connect through slewing bearing (50) relative rotation between lower vehicle assembly (20), the output shaft of gyration speed reducer (30) with slewing bearing (50) meshing transmission, a serial communication port, brake mechanism (40) are used for locking slewing bearing (50), brake mechanism (40) can be close to and with slewing bearing (50) contact friction each other in order to realize the braking.

2. The brake mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the brake mechanism (40) comprises a brake arm (41), a brake member (42) and a driving device (43), the brake arm (41) is provided with a switching point rotationally connected with the lower car assembly (20), the brake arm (41) is provided with a first hinging point hinged with the brake member (42) and a second hinging point hinged with the driving device (43), the first hinging point and the second hinging point are respectively positioned at two sides of the switching point, the driving device (43) is fixedly connected with the lower car assembly (20), and the driving device (43) can drive the brake arm (41) to rotate around the switching point to be close to or far away from the slewing bearing (50) so as to drive the brake member (42) to be far from or close to the slewing bearing (50) to realize the switching of the rotary drilling rig between an unlocking state and a braking state;

in a braking state, the braking member (42) is close to the slewing bearing (50) and contacts and rubs with the slewing bearing (50); in the unlocked state, the brake element (42) is remote from the pivot bearing (50).

3. The brake mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the brake arm (41) comprises a first part (411) and a second part (412) connected in sequence, the transfer point being located at the connection of the first part (411) and the second part (412), the first hinge point being located at the end of the first part (411) remote from the transfer point, the second hinge point being located at the end of the second part (412) remote from the transfer point, the length direction of the first part (411) and the length direction of the second part (412) forming an angle, the angle being 60 ° to 160 °.

4. A brake mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the distance of the first hinge point from the slewing bearing (50) is smaller than the distance of the pivot point from the slewing bearing (50).

5. A brake mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the brake member (42) comprises a brake shoe (421) and a friction plate (422), the friction plate (422) being fixedly connected to the brake shoe (421), the brake shoe (421) being hinged to the first portion (411) at the first hinge point, the friction plate (422) being in proximity to the slewing bearing (50) and in contact friction with the slewing bearing (50) in the braked condition.

6. The brake mechanism of claim 5, wherein the friction plate (422) is in surface contact with the slewing bearing (50), and a surface of the friction plate (422) on a side near the slewing bearing (50) is adapted to an outer contour of the slewing bearing (50).

7. The brake mechanism of claim 2, wherein a link distance between the first hinge point and the transition point is less than a link distance between the second hinge point and the transition point.

8. A brake mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive means (43) is a hydraulic cylinder.

9. Brake mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that there are two brake mechanisms (40), the two brake mechanisms (40) being rotationally symmetrically distributed about the centre line of the slewing bearing (50) as the centre of symmetry axis.

10. A rotary drilling rig comprising a braking mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.