CN116876033B - PEM (PEM) electrolytic water hydrogen production system and purge gas production structure and control method thereof - Google Patents

PEM (PEM) electrolytic water hydrogen production system and purge gas production structure and control method thereof Download PDF

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CN116876033B
CN116876033B CN202311155103.0A CN202311155103A CN116876033B CN 116876033 B CN116876033 B CN 116876033B CN 202311155103 A CN202311155103 A CN 202311155103A CN 116876033 B CN116876033 B CN 116876033B
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water
pem
air inlet
gas
cathode
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CN116876033A (en
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李水荣
刘兴阳
陶华冰
刘家伟
汪新辉
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Ludao Hydrogen Energy Xiamen Technology Co ltd
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Ludao Hydrogen Energy Xiamen Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a PEM (proton exchange membrane) water electrolysis hydrogen production system, a purge gas structure and a control method thereof. The invention can realize self-preparation of the purge gas through the air inlet device, the PEM electrolytic tank and the water supply device, is beneficial to reducing the production cost, overcomes the defect of high production cost caused by adopting an outsourcing nitrogen tank to provide the purge gas, and has simple operation for preparing the purge gas; in addition, the PEM electrolytic tank and the water supply device can realize dual-function multiplexing of hydrogen preparation and purge gas preparation, so that the whole volume of the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system can not be obviously increased, and the defect of large whole volume caused by the fact that a nitrogen generator is adopted to provide purge gas in the prior art is overcome.

Description

PEM (PEM) electrolytic water hydrogen production system and purge gas production structure and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, in particular to a PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system, a purge gas structure and a control method thereof.
Background
PEM electrolyzed water to produce hydrogen is a means of electrolyzing pure water to obtain hydrogen by renewable energy sources (e.g., electrical energy generated by photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, or hydro power generation); the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system can provide high-purity hydrogen for energy storage, industrial production and the like, does not generate greenhouse gas emission in the whole hydrogen production process, and really realizes no carbon.
The existing PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is generally provided with a purging device, and in the start-stop stage of the hydrogen production process of the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system, the purging device purges a hydrogen pipeline of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system by taking inert gas (such as nitrogen) as purging gas so as to replace hydrogen in the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system, so that potential safety hazards caused by hydrogen-oxygen mixing condition of the hydrogen pipeline of the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system in the hydrogen production stage are avoided.
The existing purging device generally adopts nitrogen, and the nitrogen is sourced from a nitrogen making machine or an outsourced nitrogen tank. If the nitrogen is sourced from a nitrogen generator, the nitrogen generator has large volume, so that the whole volume of the whole PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system is large; if the nitrogen is sourced from outsourced nitrogen tanks, the outsourced nitrogen tanks are costly.
In view of the above problems, it is necessary to develop a PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system and a purge gas production structure and control method thereof, which can automatically produce purge gas without significantly increasing the volume of the PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system, and overcome the defects of the existing nitrogen production machine or outsourced nitrogen tank to provide purge gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a PEM (PEM) electrolytic water hydrogen production system, a purge gas production structure and a control method thereof, which can automatically produce purge gas without obviously increasing the volume of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, and overcome the defect that the existing nitrogen production machine or outsourcing nitrogen tank is adopted to provide the purge gas.
In order to achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is:
a purge gas making structure of a PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system, comprising a gas inlet means, a PEM electrolyzer for electrolyzing water, and a water supply means for supplying pure water to the PEM electrolyzer; the air outlet end of the air inlet device is connected with the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through an air inlet pipeline capable of being opened and closed, and the air inlet device is used for introducing external mixed gas to the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell, wherein the external mixed gas contains oxygen and inert gas; the water outlet end of the water supply device is connected with the water inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank.
The cathode outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank is connected with a first water removing device.
The first water removal device comprises a first gas-water separator.
The first water removal device further comprises a first dryer, an input port of the first gas-water separator is connected with a cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, and an air outlet port of the first gas-water separator is connected with an air inlet port of the first dryer.
The purge gas producing structure also comprises a purge gas storage device; the air inlet end of the sweeping gas storage device is connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank through a first water removal device, the air outlet end of the sweeping gas storage device is connected with a circulation air outlet pipeline capable of being opened and closed and a sweeping air outlet pipeline capable of being opened and closed, the sweeping air outlet pipeline is connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, and the circulation air outlet pipeline is connected with the air inlet end of the air inlet device.
The purging gas storage device comprises a purging gas circulation tank, an air inlet of the purging gas circulation tank is connected with an air inlet end of the purging gas storage device, and an air outlet of the purging gas circulation tank is connected with an air outlet end of the purging gas storage device through a circulation valve.
The purging gas storage device further comprises at least one purging gas storage tank, and the gas inlet and the gas outlet of each purging gas storage tank are connected with the gas outlet end of the purging gas storage device through a storage valve.
The air inlet end of the air inlet device is connected with an openable and closable air pipe, and the air pipe is connected with an air filter in series.
The purge gas making structure also comprises an openable and closable exhaust pipeline, and the exhaust pipeline is connected with a cathode gas outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank through a first water removing device.
The external mixed gas is air.
A PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system, which comprises a PEM electrolytic tank, a water supply device, a first water removal device, a second water removal device, a hydrogen output device, an oxygen output device and an air inlet device; the air outlet end of the air inlet device is connected with the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through an air inlet pipeline capable of being opened and closed, and the air inlet device is used for introducing external mixed gas to the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell, wherein the external mixed gas contains oxygen and inert gas; the air inlet end of the hydrogen output device is connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through a first water removing device; the air inlet end of the oxygen output device is connected with the anode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through a second water removing device; the water outlet end of the water supply device is connected with the water inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, the water supply device is used for supplying pure water to the PEM electrolytic tank, and the PEM electrolytic tank is used for electrolyzing water.
The PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system also comprises a purge gas storage device; the air inlet end of the purge gas storage device and the air inlet end of the hydrogen output device are connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank through the first water removal device together, the air outlet end of the purge gas storage device is connected with a circulation air outlet pipeline which can be opened and closed and a purge air outlet pipeline which can be opened and closed, the purge air outlet pipeline is connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, and the circulation air outlet pipeline is connected with the air inlet end of the air inlet device; the air inlet end of the air inlet device is connected with an openable and closable air pipe, and the air pipe is used for introducing external mixed gas.
The PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system also comprises an openable and closable discharge pipeline, and the air inlet end of the discharge pipeline and the air inlet end of the hydrogen output device are connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank through a first water removal device.
A control method of a PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system as described above comprising the sequential steps of:
step S1: the water supply device is used for introducing pure water into the PEM electrolytic tank, meanwhile, the PEM electrolytic tank is preheated to the operating temperature, and the step S2 is carried out after the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is started in advance;
step S2: step S21, step S22, step S23, and step S24 are sequentially performed:
step S21: the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolytic cell are connected with working voltage for preparing purge gas, so that the PEM electrolytic cell electrolyzes pure water;
step S22: the air inlet pipeline and the ventilation pipeline are opened, the circulating air outlet pipeline and the purging air outlet pipeline are closed, and the air inlet device is used for introducing quantitative external mixed gas into the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank from the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank;
step S23: the circulating air outlet pipeline is opened, the air inlet pipeline, the air vent pipeline and the purge air outlet pipeline are closed, the air inlet device drives the external mixed gas to circularly flow through the air inlet device, the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell, the first water removing device and the purge gas storage device, so that oxygen contained in the external mixed gas and hydrogen ions at the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell undergo multiple oxidation-reduction reactions to gradually remove the oxygen from the external mixed gas, and the first water removing device simultaneously removes water vapor contained in the external mixed gas;
step S24: repeating step S23 until the oxygen concentration in the external mixed gas is reduced below a set oxygen concentration threshold, wherein the external mixed gas forms a purge gas; then, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolytic tank stop being connected with working voltage, and meanwhile, the air inlet device sends purge gas into the purge gas storage device for storage; after the air inlet device sends the purge gas into the purge gas storage device for storage, the circulating air outlet pipeline is closed;
step S3: step S31, step S32 and step S33 are sequentially performed;
step S31: the purge gas pipeline is opened firstly, so that purge gas in the purge gas storage device is introduced into a cathode gas outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, and the purge gas replaces hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system; after the hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is replaced by the purge gas, closing a purge gas pipeline;
step S32: the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system is used for producing hydrogen;
step S33: after the PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system completes hydrogen production, step S31 is repeated.
In said step S24, when it is detected that the current density of the operating current between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolyzer is reduced to less than 0.05A/cm 2 When the oxygen concentration in the external mixed gas is determined to be lower than the set oxygen concentration threshold value.
A control method of a PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system as described above comprising the sequential steps of:
step Q1: the water supply device is used for introducing pure water into the PEM electrolytic tank, meanwhile, the PEM electrolytic tank is preheated to the operating temperature, and the step Q2 is carried out after the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is started in advance;
step Q2: step Q21 and step Q22 are sequentially performed:
step Q21: the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolytic cell are connected with working voltage for preparing purge gas, so that the PEM electrolytic cell electrolyzes pure water;
step Q22: the air inlet pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are opened, and the air inlet device continuously introduces external mixed gas into the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank from the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, so that oxygen contained in the external mixed gas and hydrogen ions of the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank undergo oxidation-reduction reaction to remove the oxygen from the external mixed gas, and the external mixed gas forms purge gas to replace hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system; after the hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is replaced by the purge gas, closing the air inlet pipeline and the exhaust pipeline;
step Q3: the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system is used for producing hydrogen;
step Q4: and (2) repeating the step Q2 after the hydrogen production is completed by the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system.
In step Q22, the gas inlet means controls the flow rate of the external mixture gas to 1 to 3slpm when it is introduced into the cathode of the PEM electrolyzer.
After the scheme is adopted, the air inlet device, the PEM electrolytic tank and the water supply device realize self-preparation of the purge gas in a mode of consuming oxygen in external mixed gas by hydrogen ions generated by water electrolysis, thereby being beneficial to reducing the production cost, overcoming the defect of high production cost caused by adopting an outsourcing nitrogen tank to provide the purge gas in the prior art, and having simple operation for preparing the purge gas; in addition, the PEM electrolytic tank and the water supply device can realize dual-function multiplexing of hydrogen preparation and purge gas preparation, so that the whole volume of the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system can not be obviously increased, and the defect of large whole volume caused by the fact that a nitrogen generator is adopted to provide purge gas in the prior art is overcome.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
the electrolyte of the PEM electrolyzer a,
a water supply device B, a water supply pump B1,
a first water removal device C, a first gas-water separator C1, a first dryer C2,
a second water removal device D, a second gas-water separator D1, a second dryer D2,
a hydrogen output device E, a hydrogen output pipeline E1, a hydrogen tank E2,
an oxygen output device F, an oxygen output pipeline F1,
an air inlet device G, an air compressor G1,
purge gas storage means H, purge gas circulation tank H1, circulation valve H2, purge gas storage tank H3, storage valve H4,
a ventilation pipeline I, an air filter I1,
an air inlet pipeline J, an air inlet valve J1,
a circulating air outlet pipeline K, a circulating air outlet valve K1,
a purge gas pipeline L and a purge gas valve L1,
a direct current power supply M,
a water inlet cooling device N, a heat exchanger N1,
the ion exchange column P is provided with a plurality of ion exchange columns,
a cooling water circulation device R, an air cooler R1, a cooling water pump R2,
a water adding device T, a pure water tank T1, a replenishing pump T2,
a total air outlet pipeline U, a total air outlet valve U1, a pressure reducing valve U2,
a discharge pipeline V and a discharge valve V1.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical scheme of the invention, the invention is explained in detail by specific examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, in a first embodiment of the present invention, the PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system of the present invention comprises a PEM electrolyzer a, a water supply device B, a first water removal device C, a second water removal device D, a hydrogen output device E, an oxygen output device F, an air intake device G, and a purge gas storage device H; the air inlet end of the air inlet device G is connected with an openable and closable air vent pipeline I, the air outlet end of the air inlet device G is connected with a cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A through an openable and closable air inlet pipeline J, the air inlet pipeline J can be connected with an air inlet valve J1 in series, the air inlet valve J1 controls the opening and closing of the air inlet pipeline J, the air vent pipeline I is used for introducing external mixed gas, the air inlet device G is used for introducing external mixed gas into a cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A, the external mixed gas contains oxygen and inert gas, the cost of the external mixed gas is low, and the inert gas can be nitrogen; the air inlet end of the purge gas storage device H and the air inlet end of the hydrogen output device E are connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A through the first water removal device C, the air outlet end of the purge gas storage device H is connected with a circulating air outlet pipeline K which can be opened and closed and a purge air outlet pipeline L which can be opened and closed, the purge air outlet pipeline L is connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A, the purge air outlet pipeline L is connected with a purge air outlet valve L1 in series, the purge air outlet valve L1 controls the opening and closing of the purge air outlet pipeline L, the circulating air outlet pipeline K is connected with the air inlet end of the air inlet device G, the circulating air outlet pipeline K is connected with the air inlet pipeline I in parallel, the circulating air outlet pipeline K is connected with the circulating air outlet valve K1 in series, and the circulating air outlet valve K1 controls the opening and closing of the circulating air outlet pipeline K; the air inlet end of the oxygen output device F is connected with the anode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A through the second water removal device D, and the water outlet end of the water supply device B is connected with the water inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, the PEM electrolyzer a is used for water electrolysis, the PEM electrolyzer a may be powered by a dc power source M, and the power from the dc power source M may be derived from clean power (e.g., power generated by solar power generation, hydroelectric power generation, and wind power generation). The water supply device B is used for supplying pure water to the PEM electrolytic tank A, and the water supply device B can adopt a water supply pump B1. The first water removing device C is used for removing water vapor contained in the gas output from the cathode outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A by carrying out water removing treatment on the gas output from the cathode outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A. The second water removing device D is used for removing water vapor contained in the gas output from the anode gas outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell A by carrying out water removing treatment on the gas output from the anode gas outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell A. The hydrogen output device E may include a hydrogen output line E1, where the hydrogen output line E1 is used for outputting hydrogen. The oxygen output device F may include an oxygen output line F1, and the oxygen output line F1 is configured to output oxygen. The air inlet device G can be an air compressor G1; the purge gas storage device H is used for storing purge gas.
In a first embodiment of the invention, the control method of the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises the following steps in sequence:
step S1: the water supply device B is used for introducing pure water into the PEM electrolytic tank A, meanwhile, the PEM electrolytic tank A is preheated to the operating temperature, and the step S2 is carried out after the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is started up; wherein, the running temperature of the PEM electrolytic tank A can be 60 ℃ to 80 ℃;
step S2: step S21, step S22, step S23, and step S24 are sequentially performed:
step S21: the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolyzer A are connected with working voltage for preparing purge gas, so that the PEM electrolyzer A electrolyzes pure water; wherein, the chemical formula of pure water electrolysis is:
H 2 O——>1/2O 2 + 2H + ；
step S22: the air inlet pipeline J and the air vent pipeline I are opened, the circulating air outlet pipeline K and the purging air outlet pipeline L are closed, and the air inlet device G is used for introducing quantitative external mixed gas into the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank A from the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A;
step S23: the circulating air outlet pipeline K is opened, the air inlet pipeline J, the air inlet pipeline I and the sweeping air outlet pipeline L are closed, the air inlet device G drives the external mixed gas to circularly flow through the cathode of the air inlet device G, PEM electrolytic tank A, the first water removing device C and the sweeping gas storage device H, so that oxygen contained in the external mixed gas and hydrogen ions of the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank A undergo multiple oxidation-reduction reactions to gradually remove the oxygen from the external mixed gas, and the first water removing device C simultaneously removes water vapor contained in the external mixed gas; wherein, the chemical formula of the oxidation-reduction reaction of oxygen and hydrogen ions is as follows:
1/2O 2 +2 H + ——>H 2 O；
step S24: repeating step S23 until the oxygen concentration in the external mixed gas is reduced below a set oxygen concentration threshold, wherein the external mixed gas forms a purge gas; then, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolytic tank A stop being connected with working voltage, and meanwhile, the gas inlet device G sends purge gas into the purge gas storage device H for storage; after the air inlet device G sends the purge gas into the purge gas storage device H for storage, the circulating air outlet pipeline K is closed.
Step S3: step S31, step S32 and step S33 are sequentially performed;
step S31: the purge gas pipeline L is opened firstly, so that purge gas in the purge gas storage device H is introduced into a cathode gas outlet of the PEM electrolyzer A, and the purge gas replaces hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system; after the hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is replaced by the purge gas, closing a purge gas pipeline L;
step S32: the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system is used for producing hydrogen;
step S33: after the PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system completes hydrogen production, step S31 is repeated.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, step S1 and step S2 constitute a method for preparing a purge gas, and the second water removal device D and the oxygen output device F do not operate when the purge gas is prepared in the present invention. And the operating voltage for the purge gas may be 1.3V, so configured that the PEM electrolyzer a cathode can produce hydrogen ions without producing hydrogen gas. And in said step S24, when it is detected that the current density of the operating current between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolyzer A is gradually reduced to less than 0.05A/cm 2 When the oxygen concentration in the external mixed gas is determined to be lower than the set oxygen concentration threshold, the oxygen in the external mixed gas is determined to be exhausted.
In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, a method for hydrogen production by a PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system is briefly described below.
In the step S32, the hydrogen production by the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises the steps of S321, S322 and S323;
step S321: the working voltage of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolytic tank A is raised to hydrogen production voltage, so that the cathode and the anode of the PEM electrolytic tank A respectively generate hydrogen and oxygen, the hydrogen is dehydrated by a first water removing device C and then is conveyed to a hydrogen output device E, and the oxygen is dehydrated by a second water removing device D and then is conveyed to an oxygen output device F; the hydrogen production voltage can be 1.5-1.8V;
step S322: the hydrogen output pipeline E1 of the hydrogen output device E is kept to be communicated with the external environment for a certain discharge time, so that the residual purge gas is driven by hydrogen generated by the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank A to be discharged to the external environment; then, the hydrogen output line E1 of the hydrogen output device E is communicated with the device for storing or using hydrogen so that hydrogen enters the device for storing or using hydrogen.
In the first embodiment of the invention, when the hydrogen production system for the PEM electrolyzed water is used for producing hydrogen, the working voltage between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolyzer A can be set to be 1.8V, so that the energy consumption is low, the hydrogen is produced more, and the service lives of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolyzer A can be ensured.
In the first embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet end of the water supply device B may be connected to the water outlet end of the second water removal device D, and the water outlet end of the water supply device B is connected to the water inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank a through the water inlet cooling device N and the ion exchange column P, so that the water supply device B may deliver the pure water generated by the second water removal device D to the PEM electrolytic tank a to realize the cyclic utilization of the pure water, the water inlet cooling device N may avoid the excessive temperature of the pure water entering the PEM electrolytic tank a, the water inlet cooling device N may adopt a heat exchanger N1, the heat exchanger N1 and the direct current power supply M may cool through the cooling water circulation device R, and the cooling water circulation device R includes an air cooler R1 and a cooling water pump R2. In addition, the water outlet of the first water removing device C is connected with a water inlet of the second water removing device D, so that pure water generated by the first water removing device C can be conveyed to the PEM electrolytic tank A through the water supply device B, and the recycling of the pure water is further realized.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, the PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system of the present invention further comprises a water adding device T, wherein the water outlet end of the water adding device T is connected to a water inlet of the second water removing device D. When the pure water in the PEM electrolytic tank A is insufficient, the water adding device T can add pure water to the second water removing device D, and the pure water added into the second water removing device D is conveyed to the PEM electrolytic tank A through the water supply device B. The water adding device T may include a pure water tank T1 for storing pure water and a replenishment pump T2 connected to the pure water tank T1.
In the first embodiment of the present invention, the gas outlet end of the purge gas storage device H is connected to the circulating gas outlet pipeline K and the purge gas outlet pipeline L through the total gas outlet pipeline U, the total gas outlet pipeline U is connected in series with the total gas outlet valve U1, the total gas outlet valve U1 is used for controlling the on-off of the total gas outlet pipeline U to control whether the gas outlet end of the purge gas storage device H outputs or not, and the total gas outlet valve U1 can play a role in further preventing the purge gas storage device H from outputting the purge gas erroneously. The total air outlet pipeline U is also connected in series with a pressure reducing valve U2, and the pressure reducing valve U2 can be used for carrying out pressure reducing treatment on the gas output by the purge gas storage device H, so that the damage of the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system is prevented due to the overlarge pressure of the gas output by the purge gas storage device H.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, the first water removing device C includes a first gas-water separator C1; when hydrogen is prepared, the first gas-water separator C1 can separate water vapor and hydrogen in the hydrogen-water mixed gas output by the cathode outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A; when the purge gas is prepared, the first gas-water separator C1 can separate the water vapor from the purge gas in the external mixed gas output from the cathode outlet of the PEM electrolyzer A.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, the first water removal device C further includes a first dryer C2, an input port of the first gas-water separator C1 is connected to a cathode outlet of the PEM electrolyzer a, an outlet port of the first gas-water separator C1 is connected to an inlet port of the first dryer C2, and an outlet port of the first dryer C2 is connected to an inlet end of the purge gas storage device H and an inlet end of the hydrogen output device E. The first dryer C2 may further ensure the dryness of the hydrogen gas when the hydrogen gas is produced; the first dryer C2 may further ensure the dryness of the purge gas when preparing the purge gas.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, the second water removing device D includes a second gas-water separator D1; in the process of preparing hydrogen, the second gas-water separator D1 can separate water vapor and oxygen in the oxygen-water mixed gas output from the anode gas outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell A.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, the purge gas storage device H includes a purge gas circulation tank H1, an air inlet of the purge gas circulation tank H1 is connected to an air inlet end of the purge gas storage device H, and an air outlet of the purge gas circulation tank H1 is connected to an air outlet end of the purge gas storage device H through a circulation valve H2. In step S23, the circulation outlet pipeline K is opened, and the circulation valve H2 and the total outlet valve U1 are also opened, so that the purge gas circulation tank H1 of the purge gas storage device H is communicated with the air inlet device G, and further, the air inlet device G works to enable the external mixed gas to circulate through the cathode of the electrolytic tank a of the air inlet device G, PEM, the first water removal device C and the purge gas circulation tank H1 of the purge gas storage device H.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, the purge gas storage device H further includes at least one purge gas storage tank H3, and the gas inlet and outlet of each purge gas storage tank H3 is connected to the gas outlet end of the purge gas storage device H through a storage valve H4. In step S23, while the circulation gas outlet line K is open, each storage valve H4 is closed so that each purge gas storage tank H3 of the purge gas storage device H is not in communication with the gas inlet device G. In step S24, while the circulation gas outlet pipeline K is closed, the total gas outlet valve U1 is closed and each storage valve H4 is opened, and the gas inlet device G sends the purge gas into the purge gas circulation tank H1 and each purge gas storage tank H3 of the purge gas storage device H for storage; after the purge gas is fed into the purge gas circulation tank H1 and each of the purge gas storage tanks H3 of the purge gas storage device H, the circulation valve H2 and each of the storage valves H4 are closed.
In the first embodiment of the present invention, the air filter I1 is connected in series to the air pipe I, and the air filter I1 can filter external impurities such as dust, so as to avoid the external impurities entering the PEM electrolyzer a together with the external mixed gas to affect the electrolysis effect of the PEM electrolyzer a.
Example two
In a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system of the present invention comprises a PEM electrolyzer a, a water supply device B, a first water removal device C, a second water removal device D, a hydrogen output device E, an oxygen output device F, an air intake device G, and an openable and closable discharge pipeline V; the air outlet end of the air inlet device G is connected with the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A through an openable and closable air inlet pipeline J, the air inlet pipeline J can be connected with an air inlet valve J1 in series, the air inlet valve J1 controls the opening and closing of the air inlet pipeline J, the air inlet device G is used for introducing external mixed gas into the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A, the external mixed gas contains oxygen and inert gas, the cost of the external mixed gas is low, and the inert gas can be nitrogen; the air inlet end of the discharge pipeline V and the air inlet end of the hydrogen output device E are connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A through the first water removing device C, the discharge pipeline V is connected in series with a discharge valve V1, and the discharge valve V1 controls the opening and closing of the discharge pipeline V; the air inlet end of the oxygen output device F is connected with the anode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A through the second water removal device D, and the water outlet end of the water supply device B is connected with the water inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A.
In the second embodiment of the present invention, the PEM electrolyzer a is used for water electrolysis, and the PEM electrolyzer a can be powered by a dc power source M, wherein the power of the dc power source M is derived from clean electric energy (such as electric energy generated by solar power generation, hydroelectric power generation and wind power generation). The water supply device B is used for supplying pure water to the PEM electrolytic tank A, and the water supply device B can adopt a water supply pump B1. The first water removing device C is used for removing water vapor contained in the gas output from the cathode outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A by carrying out water removing treatment on the gas output from the cathode outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A. The second water removing device D is used for removing water vapor contained in the gas output from the anode gas outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell A by carrying out water removing treatment on the gas output from the anode gas outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell A. The hydrogen output device E can comprise a hydrogen output pipeline E1 and a hydrogen tank E2, wherein the hydrogen tank E2 is connected with the first water removal device C through the hydrogen output pipeline E1, and the hydrogen tank E2 is used for storing and outputting hydrogen. The oxygen output device F may include an oxygen output line F1, and the oxygen output line F1 is used for outputting oxygen. The air inlet device G may be an air compressor G1.
In a second embodiment of the invention, the control method of the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises the following steps in sequence:
step Q1: the water supply device B is used for introducing pure water into the PEM electrolytic tank A, meanwhile, the PEM electrolytic tank A is preheated to the operating temperature, and the step Q2 is carried out after the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is started up; wherein, the running temperature of the PEM electrolytic tank A can be 60 ℃ to 80 ℃;
step Q2: step Q21 and step Q22 are sequentially performed:
step Q21: the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolyzer A are connected with working voltage for preparing purge gas, so that the PEM electrolyzer A electrolyzes pure water; wherein, the chemical formula of pure water electrolysis is:
H 2 O——>1/2O 2 + 2H + ；
step Q22: the air inlet pipeline J and the exhaust pipeline V are opened, the air inlet device G continuously introduces external mixed gas into the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank A from the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A, so that oxygen contained in the external mixed gas and hydrogen ions of the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank A undergo oxidation-reduction reaction to remove the oxygen from the external mixed gas, and the external mixed gas forms purge gas to replace hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system; after the hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is replaced by the purge gas, closing an air inlet pipeline J and a discharge pipeline V; wherein, the chemical formula of the oxidation-reduction reaction of oxygen and hydrogen ions is as follows:
1/2O 2 +2 H + ——>H 2 O；
step Q3: the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system is used for producing hydrogen;
step Q4: and (2) repeating the step Q2 after the hydrogen production is completed by the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system.
In a second embodiment of the invention, the operating voltage for the purge gas may be 1.3V, which is set such that the PEM electrolyzer a cathode can produce hydrogen ions without producing hydrogen gas. When the hydrogen production system for the PEM electrolyzed water is used for producing hydrogen, the working voltage between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolyzer A can be set to be 1.8V, so that the energy consumption is low, the hydrogen is produced more, and the service lives of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolyzer A can be ensured.
In the second embodiment of the present invention, in the step Q22, the gas inlet device G controls the flow rate of the external mixed gas when the external mixed gas is introduced into the cathode of the PEM electrolyzer a to be 1 to 3slpm, and the lower the flow rate of the external mixed gas when the external mixed gas is introduced into the cathode of the PEM electrolyzer a is, the lower the oxygen concentration of the purge gas is.
In the event that only the flow of the external mixture gas into the cathode of PEM electrolyzer a is changed (i.e., the remaining production conditions are the same), the oxygen concentration of the purge gas is related to the flow of the external mixture gas into the cathode of PEM electrolyzer a as shown in the table below.
As shown in the table above, when the flow rate of the external mixed gas when the external mixed gas is introduced into the cathode of the PEM electrolyzer a is 3slpm, the oxygen concentration of the purge gas is less than or equal to 0.5%, so that the requirement of purging hydrogen can be met; preferably, the flow rate of the external mixed gas when the external mixed gas is introduced into the cathode of the PEM electrolyzer A is 3slpm, the oxygen concentration of the purge gas meets the requirement of the purge hydrogen, and the efficiency of the purge gas to replace the hydrogen is high.
In the second embodiment of the present invention, in the step Q22, when the duration of the air inlet device G controlling the external mixed gas to be introduced into the cathode of the PEM electrolyzer a reaches the purge time, it is considered that the replacement of hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system by the purge gas is completed, and the purge time may be 10min.
In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, a method for hydrogen production by a PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system is briefly described below.
In the step Q3, the hydrogen preparation by the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises a step Q31, a step Q32 and a step Q33;
step Q31: the working voltage of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolytic tank A is raised to hydrogen production voltage, so that the cathode and the anode of the PEM electrolytic tank A respectively generate hydrogen and oxygen, the hydrogen is dehydrated by a first water removing device C and then is conveyed to a hydrogen output device E, and the oxygen is dehydrated by a second water removing device D and then is conveyed to an oxygen output device F; the hydrogen production voltage can be 1.5-1.8V;
step Q32: keeping a discharge pipeline V open and a hydrogen output device E closed in a certain discharge time, so that hydrogen generated by the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank A drives residual purge gas to be discharged to the external environment through the discharge pipeline V; then, the discharge pipeline V is closed and the hydrogen output device E is opened and closed, so that hydrogen enters the hydrogen tank E2 of the hydrogen output device E for storage.
In the second embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet end of the water supply device B may be connected to the water outlet end of the second water removal device D, and the water outlet end of the water supply device B is connected to the water inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank a through the water inlet cooling device N and the ion exchange column P, so that the water supply device B may deliver the pure water generated by the second water removal device D to the PEM electrolytic tank a, thereby realizing the cyclic utilization of the pure water, the water inlet cooling device N may avoid the excessive temperature of the pure water entering the PEM electrolytic tank a, the water inlet cooling device N may adopt a heat exchanger N1, the heat exchanger N1 and the direct current power supply M may cool through the cooling water circulation device R, and the cooling water circulation device R includes an air cooler R1 and a cooling water pump R2. In addition, the water outlet of the first water removing device C is connected with a water inlet of the second water removing device D, so that pure water generated by the first water removing device C can be conveyed to the PEM electrolytic tank A through the water supply device B, and the recycling of the pure water is further realized.
In a second embodiment of the present invention, the PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system of the present invention further comprises a water adding device T, wherein the water outlet end of the water adding device T is connected to a water inlet of the second water removing device D. When the pure water in the PEM electrolytic tank A is insufficient, the water adding device T can add pure water to the second water removing device D, and the pure water added into the second water removing device D is conveyed to the PEM electrolytic tank A through the water supply device B. The water adding device T may include a pure water tank T1 for storing pure water and a replenishment pump T2 connected to the pure water tank T1.
In a second embodiment of the present invention, the first water removing device C includes a first gas-water separator C1; when hydrogen is prepared, the first gas-water separator C1 can separate water vapor and hydrogen in the hydrogen-water mixed gas output by the cathode outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A; when the purge gas is prepared, the first gas-water separator C1 can separate the water vapor from the purge gas in the external mixed gas output from the cathode outlet of the PEM electrolyzer A. The first water removal device C further comprises a first dryer C2, an input port of the first gas-water separator C1 is connected with a cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A, an air outlet port of the first gas-water separator C1 is connected with an air inlet port of the first dryer C2, and an air outlet port of the first dryer C2 is connected with an air inlet end of the discharge pipeline V and an air inlet end of the hydrogen output device E. The first dryer C2 may further ensure the dryness of the hydrogen gas when the hydrogen gas is produced; the first dryer C2 may further ensure the dryness of the purge gas when preparing the purge gas.
In a second embodiment of the present invention, the second water removing device D includes a second gas-water separator D1; in the process of preparing hydrogen, the second gas-water separator D1 can separate water vapor and oxygen in the oxygen-water mixed gas output from the anode gas outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell A. The second water removal device D further comprises a second dryer D2, an input port of the second gas-water separator D1 is connected with a cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank A, an air outlet port of the second gas-water separator D1 is connected with an air inlet port of the second dryer D2, and an air outlet port of the second dryer D2 is connected with an air inlet end of the oxygen output device F. The second dryer D2 may further ensure the dryness of the oxygen gas when preparing the hydrogen gas.
Compared with the first embodiment of the invention, the second embodiment of the invention can omit the purge gas storage device H, the circulating gas outlet pipeline K and the purge gas outlet pipeline L, so that the whole volume of the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system of the second embodiment of the invention can be made smaller and the manufacturing cost is lower.
In summary, the air inlet device G, PEM electrolytic tank A and the water supply device B can form a purge gas making structure of the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system, and the air inlet device G, PEM electrolytic tank A and the water supply device B can consume oxygen in external mixed gas through hydrogen ions generated by electrolysis of water to automatically make purge gas, thereby being beneficial to reducing production cost and simplifying operation of making the purge gas; and the PEM electrolytic tank A and the water supply device B can realize the dual-function multiplexing of hydrogen preparation and purge gas preparation, so that the whole volume of the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system can not be obviously increased.
The external mixed gas can be air, the air is easy to obtain and the cost is low, so that the production cost of the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system can be effectively reduced; of course, the external mixed gas is not limited to air, and the external mixed gas may be other mixed gas containing oxygen and inert gas at low cost, such as industrial waste gas containing oxygen and inert gas in industry.
The above examples and drawings are not intended to limit the form or form of the present invention, and any suitable variations or modifications thereof by those skilled in the art should be construed as not departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A purge gas making structure of a PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system, characterized in that: comprises an air inlet device, a PEM electrolytic tank for electrolyzing water, a water supply device for providing pure water for the PEM electrolytic tank, and a purge gas storage device;
the air outlet end of the air inlet device is connected with the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through an air inlet pipeline capable of being opened and closed, and the air inlet device is used for introducing external mixed gas to the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell, wherein the external mixed gas contains oxygen and inert gas;
the water outlet end of the water supply device is connected with the water inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank;
a cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank is connected with a first water removing device;
the air inlet end of the purge gas storage device is connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank through a first water removal device, the air outlet end of the purge gas storage device is connected with a circulation air outlet pipeline which can be opened and closed and a purge air outlet pipeline which can be opened and closed, the purge air outlet pipeline is connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, and the circulation air outlet pipeline is connected with the air inlet end of the air inlet device; the purging gas storage device comprises a purging gas circulation tank, an air inlet of the purging gas circulation tank is connected with an air inlet end of the purging gas storage device, and an air outlet of the purging gas circulation tank is connected with an air outlet end of the purging gas storage device through a circulation valve;
the external mixed gas is air, and the air inlet device controls the flow rate of the external mixed gas when the external mixed gas is introduced into the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell to be 1 to 3slpm.
2. The purge gas construction according to claim 1, wherein: the first water removal device comprises a first gas-water separator.
3. The purge gas construction according to claim 2, wherein: the first water removal device further comprises a first dryer, an input port of the first gas-water separator is connected with a cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, and an air outlet port of the first gas-water separator is connected with an air inlet port of the first dryer.
4. The purge gas construction according to claim 1, wherein: the purging gas storage device further comprises at least one purging gas storage tank, and the gas inlet and the gas outlet of each purging gas storage tank are connected with the gas outlet end of the purging gas storage device through a storage valve.
5. A purge gas construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the air inlet end of the air inlet device is connected with an openable and closable air pipe, and the air pipe is connected with an air filter in series.
6. A purge gas construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the device also comprises a discharge pipeline which can be opened and closed, and the discharge pipeline is connected with a cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank through a first water removing device.
7. A PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system characterized by: comprises a PEM electrolytic tank, a water supply device, a first water removal device, a second water removal device, a hydrogen output device, an oxygen output device, an air inlet device and a purge gas storage device;
the air outlet end of the air inlet device is connected with the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through an air inlet pipeline capable of being opened and closed, and the air inlet device is used for introducing external mixed gas to the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell, wherein the external mixed gas contains oxygen and inert gas;
the air inlet end of the hydrogen output device is connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through a first water removing device;
the air inlet end of the oxygen output device is connected with the anode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through a second water removing device;
the water outlet end of the water supply device is connected with the water inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, the water supply device is used for supplying pure water to the PEM electrolytic tank, and the PEM electrolytic tank is used for electrolyzing water;
the air inlet end of the purge gas storage device and the air inlet end of the hydrogen output device are connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank through the first water removal device together, the air outlet end of the purge gas storage device is connected with a circulation air outlet pipeline which can be opened and closed and a purge air outlet pipeline which can be opened and closed, the purge air outlet pipeline is connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, and the circulation air outlet pipeline is connected with the air inlet end of the air inlet device;
the air inlet end of the air inlet device is connected with an openable and closable ventilation pipeline;
the external mixed gas is air, and the air inlet device controls the flow rate of the external mixed gas when the external mixed gas is introduced into the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell to be 1 to 3slpm.
8. A method of controlling a PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 7 wherein: comprises the following steps in sequence:
step S1: the water supply device is used for introducing pure water into the PEM electrolytic tank, meanwhile, the PEM electrolytic tank is preheated to the operating temperature, and the step S2 is carried out after the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is started in advance;
step S2: step S21, step S22, step S23, and step S24 are sequentially performed:
step S21: the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolytic cell are connected with working voltage for preparing purge gas, so that the PEM electrolytic cell electrolyzes pure water;
step S22: the air inlet pipeline and the ventilation pipeline are opened, the circulating air outlet pipeline and the purging air outlet pipeline are closed, and the air inlet device is used for introducing quantitative external mixed gas into the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank from the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank;
step S23: the circulating air outlet pipeline is opened, the air inlet pipeline, the air vent pipeline and the purge air outlet pipeline are closed, the air inlet device drives the external mixed gas to circularly flow through the air inlet device, the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell, the first water removing device and the purge gas storage device, so that oxygen contained in the external mixed gas and hydrogen ions at the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell undergo multiple oxidation-reduction reactions to gradually remove the oxygen from the external mixed gas, and the first water removing device simultaneously removes water vapor contained in the external mixed gas;
step S24: repeating step S23 until the oxygen concentration in the external mixed gas is reduced below a set oxygen concentration threshold, wherein the external mixed gas forms a purge gas; then, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolytic tank stop being connected with working voltage, and meanwhile, the air inlet device sends purge gas into the purge gas storage device for storage; after the air inlet device sends the purge gas into the purge gas storage device for storage, the circulating air outlet pipeline is closed;
step S3: step S31, step S32 and step S33 are sequentially performed;
step S31: the purge gas pipeline is opened firstly, so that purge gas in the purge gas storage device is introduced into a cathode gas outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, and the purge gas replaces hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system; after the hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is replaced by the purge gas, closing a purge gas pipeline;
step S32: the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system is used for producing hydrogen;
step S33: after the PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system completes hydrogen production, step S31 is repeated.
9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: in said step S24, when it is detected that the current density of the operating current between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolyzer is reduced to less than 0.05A/cm 2 When the oxygen concentration in the external mixed gas is determined to be lower than the set oxygen concentration threshold value.
10. A PEM electrolyzed water hydrogen production system characterized by: comprises a PEM electrolytic tank, a water supply device, a first water removal device, a second water removal device, a hydrogen output device, an oxygen output device, a cathode air inlet and an openable and closable discharge pipeline;
the air outlet end of the air inlet device is connected with the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through an air inlet pipeline capable of being opened and closed, and the air inlet device is used for introducing external mixed gas to the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell, wherein the external mixed gas contains oxygen and inert gas;
the air inlet end of the hydrogen output device is connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through a first water removing device;
the air inlet end of the oxygen output device is connected with the anode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through a second water removing device;
the water outlet end of the water supply device is connected with the water inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, the water supply device is used for supplying pure water to the PEM electrolytic tank, and the PEM electrolytic tank is used for electrolyzing water;
the air inlet end of the discharge pipeline and the air inlet end of the hydrogen output device are connected with the cathode air outlet of the PEM electrolytic cell through a first water removing device;
the external mixed gas is air, and the air inlet device controls the flow rate of the external mixed gas when the external mixed gas is introduced into the cathode of the PEM electrolytic cell to be 1 to 3slpm.
11. A method of controlling a PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 10, comprising the sequential steps of:
step Q1: the water supply device is used for introducing pure water into the PEM electrolytic tank, meanwhile, the PEM electrolytic tank is preheated to the operating temperature, and the step Q2 is carried out after the PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is started in advance;
step Q2: step Q21 and step Q22 are sequentially performed:
step Q21: the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the PEM electrolytic cell are connected with working voltage for preparing purge gas, so that the PEM electrolytic cell electrolyzes pure water;
step Q22: the air inlet pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are opened, and the air inlet device continuously introduces external mixed gas into the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank from the cathode air inlet of the PEM electrolytic tank, so that oxygen contained in the external mixed gas and hydrogen ions of the cathode of the PEM electrolytic tank undergo oxidation-reduction reaction to remove the oxygen from the external mixed gas, and the external mixed gas forms purge gas to replace hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system; after the hydrogen in the whole PEM electrolytic water hydrogen production system is replaced by the purge gas, closing the air inlet pipeline and the exhaust pipeline;
step Q3: the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system is used for producing hydrogen;
step Q4: and (2) repeating the step Q2 after the hydrogen production is completed by the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production system.
CN202311155103.0A 2023-09-08 2023-09-08 PEM (PEM) electrolytic water hydrogen production system and purge gas production structure and control method thereof Active CN116876033B (en)

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