CN116869050B - Preparation method of peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol - Google Patents

Preparation method of peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116869050B
CN116869050B CN202310812145.0A CN202310812145A CN116869050B CN 116869050 B CN116869050 B CN 116869050B CN 202310812145 A CN202310812145 A CN 202310812145A CN 116869050 B CN116869050 B CN 116869050B
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peanut
peanut oil
oil
polyphenol
plant
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CN116869050A (en
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刘伟
王艺帆
陈竞男
陈复生
刘君
杨瑞楠
刘粤龙
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Henan University of Technology
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Henan University of Technology
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
    • A23D9/007—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
    • A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
    • A23D9/04—Working-up

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of functional edible oil, and discloses a preparation method of peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol, which comprises the following steps: 1) Superfine grinding the cleaned and dried peanut skin into peanut skin powder with the particle size of 50-300 meshes; 2) Stirring and mixing the peanut red skin powder and water in the step 1) for 1 hour, and then carrying out ultrasonic cell disruption treatment; 3) Mixing the mixed solution of the peanut skin powder and water obtained in the step 2) with peanut oil, and heating, stirring and extracting; 4) And (3) centrifuging the mixture obtained in the step (3) at a temperature of 5000 rpm for 15: 15 min, and taking out the upper oil phase to obtain the peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol. According to the invention, the peanut oil is adopted to extract polyphenol in peanut skin, and plant polyphenol in cell vacuoles of the peanut skin and the peanut oil are fully contacted and dissolved in the peanut oil, so that the content of the plant polyphenol in the peanut oil is obviously increased.

Description

Preparation method of peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of functional edible oil, and relates to a preparation method of peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol.
Background
China is the largest peanut production country in the world, and the total peanut yield in 2023 reaches 1374-1465 ten thousand tons. Peanuts contain rich nutritional ingredients such as grease, protein, polysaccharide and the like, are one of oil crops with highest oil yield, and are known as vegetable meat and vegetable meat together with soybeans. Peanut oil prepared from peanut has unique flavor and contains various beneficial substances such as plant polyphenol, sterol, folic acid, tocopherol and the like. The peanut oil is eaten frequently, so that the vascular wall can be protected, thrombosis can be prevented, the memory of human brain can be improved, the brain function decline can be delayed, and the like. The peanut oil fatty acid has balanced proportion, and more than 80 percent of the peanut oil fatty acid is unsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid is 41 percent and linoleic acid is about 37 percent), so the peanut oil fatty acid is easy to be absorbed by human bodies.
With the importance of people on nutrition and health of edible oil, a single edible oil cannot meet the demands of people. Functional edible oil is a necessary trend of development of the oil processing industry, and a plurality of enterprises push out edible oil products such as oryzanol rice oil, phytosterol corn oil and the like. At present, the research on the functional peanut oil is less, and related similar products do not appear in the market.
The plant polyphenol is a natural general term of organic compounds with polyphenol hydroxyl groups, has various biological activities such as bacteriostasis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, radiation protection, blood pressure reduction and the like, and the content of the plant polyphenol in the peanut oil sold in the market at present is only 25-80 mg/kg. Therefore, there is a need to address how to significantly increase the level of vegetable polyphenols in peanut oil to develop a polyphenol-enriched peanut oil product.
Given the limited levels of plant polyphenols in peanuts, it is common to add some amount of plant polyphenols to peanut oil to increase its level. Zhang Zhengyi peanut skin is used as a plant polyphenol source, 80% ethanol is adopted for ultrasonic extraction, AB-8 macroporous resin is used as stationary phase for purifying extract, and the prepared polyphenol extract is added into peanut oil according to the mass ratio. The preparation method can effectively improve the content of plant polyphenol in peanut oil, but has complex process and uses a large amount of organic solvent. Therefore, there is a need for a new, simple, green, efficient process for preparing peanut oil rich in plant polyphenols.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that the extraction process of plant polyphenol is complex and a large amount of organic solvents are used, the invention provides a preparation method of peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol, which comprises the following steps:
1) Superfine pulverizing the washed and dried peanut skin into peanut skin powder with the particle size of 50-300 meshes;
2) Stirring and mixing the peanut red skin powder and water in the step 1) for 1h, and then carrying out ultrasonic cell disruption treatment;
3) Mixing the mixed solution of the peanut skin powder and water obtained in the step 2) with peanut oil, and heating, stirring and extracting;
4) Centrifuging the mixture obtained in the step 3) at 5000rpm for 15min, and taking out the upper oil phase to obtain the peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol.
In the technical scheme, the mass ratio of the peanut red skin powder to the water in the step 2) is 1:5 to 25.
In the technical scheme, the mass ratio of the addition amount of the peanut oil to the peanut red skin powder in the step 3) is 2-10: 1.
In the technical scheme, the ultrasonic power in the ultrasonic cell disruption treatment in the step 2) is 65-390W, and the ultrasonic time is 2-25 min.
In the technical scheme, the extraction temperature in the heating stirring extraction in the step 3) is 50-90 ℃ and the extraction time is 0.5-2.5 h.
In the technical scheme, the adopted peanut oil can be common peanut oil (production process: squeezing) or high-oleic-acid peanut oil (production process: squeezing).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The plant polyphenol content in the edible peanut oil on the market is very low, the invention adopts the peanut oil to extract the polyphenol in the peanut skin, and the plant polyphenol in the cell vacuole of the peanut skin and the peanut oil are fully contacted and dissolved in the peanut oil, so that the plant polyphenol content in the peanut oil is obviously increased, the peanut oil rich in the plant polyphenol can be obtained only through centrifugal separation in the follow-up process, the steps of separation and purification when other extracting agents are adopted are omitted, and the risks of polymerization, oxidization and the like which are easy to occur in the separation process are reduced;
2. according to the invention, the peanut skin powder is pretreated by an ultrasonic cell disruption instrument, so that the release and dissolution of free polyphenol in the raw materials are effectively promoted, and the plant polyphenol content in peanut oil is further improved;
3. the method has the advantages of simple operation, short time consumption, low cost, no solvent participation, green and no pollution;
4. The peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol prepared by the invention not only is rich in plant polyphenol and other beneficial components in the peanut, but also has color, acid value, peroxide value, moisture volatile content and the like which all accord with the national standard test item (GB/T1534-2017) of peanut oil, and has good nutrition strengthening function, good application value and market prospect.
Detailed Description
The following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise indicated. The test methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, are commercially available.
The peanut oil used in the examples below was the common peanut oil on the market (production process: pressing) and the high oleic peanut oil (production process: pressing), respectively. The content of plant polyphenol in the common peanut oil is measured to be 26.95mg/kg, the content of plant polyphenol in the high-oleic-acid peanut oil is measured to be 95.31mg/kg, and the water is purified water.
Example 1
(1) Superfine pulverizing cleaned and dried peanut coat to more than 100 meshes;
(2) Weighing 3g of 100-mesh peanut red skin powder, adding 75mL of water, and stirring and mixing for 1h;
(3) Adding 30g of common peanut oil into the peanut powder-water mixed solution obtained in the step (2), placing the mixture into a reaction bottle, placing the reaction bottle into a heating stirrer at 50 ℃, and stirring (800 rpm) to extract for 0.5h;
(4) And (3) centrifuging the mixture obtained in the step (3) at 5000rpm for 15min, and taking out the upper oil phase to obtain the peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols obtained in this example was found to be 196.31mg/kg.
Example 2
(1) Superfine pulverizing cleaned and dried peanut coat to more than 100 meshes;
(2) Weighing 3g of 100-mesh peanut red skin powder, adding 15mL of water, and stirring and mixing for 1h;
(3) Adding 6g of common peanut oil into the peanut powder-water mixed solution obtained in the step (2), placing the mixture into a reaction bottle, placing the reaction bottle into a heating stirrer at 90 ℃, and stirring (800 rpm) to extract for 2.5h;
(4) And (3) centrifuging the mixture obtained in the step (3) at 5000rpm for 15min, and taking out the upper oil phase to obtain the peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols of this example was found to be 315.88mg/kg.
Example 3
(1) Superfine pulverizing cleaned and dried peanut coat to more than 100 meshes;
(2) Weighing 3g of 100-mesh peanut red skin powder, adding 30mL of water, and stirring and mixing for 1h;
(3) Adding 24g of common peanut oil into the peanut powder-water mixed solution obtained in the step (2), placing the mixture into a reaction bottle, placing the reaction bottle into a heating stirrer at 80 ℃, and stirring (800 rpm) to extract for 1.4h;
(4) And (3) centrifuging the mixture obtained in the step (3) at 5000rpm for 15min, and taking out the upper oil phase to obtain the peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol.
The polyphenol content of peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol was measured to be 281.78mg/kg.
Example 4
This example is substantially the same as example 1, except that: and (3) stirring and mixing the peanut red skin powder and water for 1h, and then placing the mixture under an ultrasonic cell disruption instrument with the power of 65W for 2min.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols of this example was found to be 221.36mg/kg.
Example 5
This example is substantially the same as example 2, except that: and (3) stirring and mixing the peanut red skin powder and water for 1h, and then placing the mixture under an ultrasonic cell disruption instrument with the power of 390W for ultrasonic treatment for 25min.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols of this example was found to be 476.41mg/kg.
Example 6
This example is substantially the same as example 3, except that: and (3) stirring and mixing the peanut red skin powder and water for 1h, and then placing the mixture under an ultrasonic cell disruption instrument with the power of 225W for 5min.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols of this example was found to be 418.20mg/kg.
Example 7
This example is substantially the same as example 6, except that: in step (3) the common peanut oil is replaced by high oleic peanut oil.
The high oleic peanut oil of this example, which is rich in plant polyphenols, was found to have a polyphenol content of 453.76mg/kg.
Example 8
This example is substantially the same as example 6, except that: the addition amount of water in the step (2) was changed to 80ml.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols of this example was found to be 341.54mg/kg.
Example 9
This example is substantially the same as example 6, except that: the adding amount of the common peanut oil in the step (3) is changed to 50g.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols of this example was found to be 199.84mg/kg.
Example 10
This example is substantially the same as example 6, except that: the adding amount of the common peanut oil in the step (3) is changed to 4g.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols of this example was measured to be 501.33mg/kg.
Example 11
This example is substantially the same as example 6, except that: and (3) stirring and mixing the peanut red skin powder and water for 1h, and then placing the mixture under an ultrasonic cell disruption instrument with the power of 50W for 5min.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols of this example was found to be 258.37mg/kg.
Example 12
This example is substantially the same as example 6, except that: and (3) stirring and mixing the peanut red skin powder and water for 1h, and then placing the mixture under an ultrasonic cell disruption instrument with the power of 500W for 5min.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols of this example was found to be 325.65mg/kg.
Example 13
This example is substantially the same as example 6, except that: in step (3), the reaction flask was placed in a heated stirrer at 120 ℃.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols of this example was found to be 403.87mg/kg.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is substantially the same as example 3, except that: and (3) stirring and mixing the peanut red skin powder and water for 1h, homogenizing the mixture with the homogenizing power of 300w for 5min.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol of this comparative example was found to be 266.05mg/kg.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is substantially the same as example 3, except that: omitting water in the step (2), and directly mixing 3g of 100-mesh peanut red skin powder with 24g of common peanut oil for stirring extraction.
The polyphenol content of the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols of this comparative example was found to be 465.83mg/kg.
The quality of the peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol prepared in examples 1 to 13 is detected to meet the national edible vegetable oil standard. The peanut oil prepared in example 6 and example 7 has high plant polyphenol content and high polyphenol extraction rate, and the quality index results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 quality index of peanut oil prepared in examples 6 and 7
As can be seen from the measurement data in the table, the quality of the peanut oil prepared by the invention meets the national edible vegetable oil standard.
The invention takes the polyphenol extraction rate and the plant polyphenol content in peanut oil as main evaluation indexes of the extraction efficiency. The amounts of plant polyphenols in the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols obtained in examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were measured to evaluate the polyphenol extraction yield expressed as the mass percentage of total plant polyphenols in the peanut oil enriched in plant polyphenols to the total plant polyphenols in the starting material (peanut red coat powder). And simultaneously measuring the peanut oil yield after extraction treatment, wherein the peanut oil yield is expressed by the mass of the peanut oil separated after extraction and centrifugation and the mass percentage of the added peanut oil. The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 vegetable polyphenol content and polyphenol extraction yield and peanut oil yield in the examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from Table 2, the plant polyphenol content in the commercial common peanut oil and the high oleic peanut oil is low, and the peanut oil is used as an extracting agent to extract the polyphenol in the peanut skin, so that the plant polyphenol content in the peanut oil can be effectively improved. From the comparison of examples 4 to 6 with examples 1 to 3, it was found that the ultrasonic cell disruption treatment further promoted the elution of plant polyphenol and increased the content of plant polyphenol in peanut oil. As is clear from comparison of examples 8 to 13 with example 6, the range of extraction conditions was enlarged, and the extraction effect was not improved. As is clear from example 6 and comparative example 1, the ultrasonic cell disruption treatment is a more effective pretreatment means than the homogenization treatment. As can be seen from examples 6 and 7, the process can be used for preparing peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol from high oleic acid peanut oil and common peanut oil, and the method for extracting plant polyphenol from peanut oil has good application universality. As is clear from examples 6 and 2, the plant polyphenol content in the peanut oil can be increased without adding water in the treatment process, but the peanut oil yield is extremely low, so that the practical application effect is poor. Because the peanut oil has high viscosity in the extraction process without water participation, the peanut oil cannot be effectively centrifugally separated from the peanut red skin, and the peanut oil is lost. When the peanut root-water mass ratio is less than 1:5, such as in the 1:2 ratio, the material viscosity is high, and the peanut oil cannot be separated. The peanut coat-to-water mass ratio was thus selected to be at least 1:5.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and other embodiments can be easily made by those skilled in the art through substitution or modification according to the technical disclosure in the present specification, so that all changes and modifications made in the principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A method for preparing peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Superfine grinding the cleaned and dried peanut skin into peanut skin powder with the particle size of 50-300 meshes;
2) Stirring and mixing the peanut red skin powder and water in the step 1) for 1h, and then carrying out ultrasonic cell disruption treatment; the mass ratio of the peanut red skin powder to the water is 1: 5-25;
3) Mixing the mixed solution of the peanut skin powder and water obtained in the step 2) with peanut oil, and heating, stirring and extracting; the mass ratio of the addition amount of the peanut oil to the peanut red skin powder is 2-10: 1, a step of; the extraction temperature is 50-90 ℃ and the extraction time is 0.5-2.5 h when the mixture is heated and stirred for extraction;
4) And (3) centrifuging the mixture obtained in the step (3) at a temperature of 5000 rpm for 15: 15min, and taking out the upper oil phase to obtain the peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol.
2. The method for preparing peanut oil rich in plant polyphenols according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic power in the ultrasonic cell disruption treatment in step 2) is 65-390 w and the ultrasonic time is 2-25 min.
CN202310812145.0A 2023-07-04 2023-07-04 Preparation method of peanut oil rich in plant polyphenol Active CN116869050B (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101705151A (en) * 2009-11-12 2010-05-12 山东省花生研究所 Method for simultaneously extracting peanut oil and peanut albumen powder at low temperature
CN101993775A (en) * 2010-12-01 2011-03-30 江西省农业科学院 Method for preparing oil by using whole peanut kernels
CN102643713A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-22 山东金胜粮油集团有限公司 Biological selenium-rich aromatic peanut oil and production method thereof
CN105348850A (en) * 2015-11-06 2016-02-24 南宁邃丛赋语科技开发有限责任公司 Extraction method of peanut red skin pigment
CN108822958A (en) * 2018-05-31 2018-11-16 深圳市零度智控科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of peanut oil
CN109111987A (en) * 2018-08-30 2019-01-01 中国海洋大学 A kind of oil extracting methods
CN110157539A (en) * 2019-06-24 2019-08-23 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 The primary preparation method just to express oil from peanuts of high-quality
CN114524793A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-05-24 河南农业大学 Method for extracting and purifying procyanidine from peanut skin

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101705151A (en) * 2009-11-12 2010-05-12 山东省花生研究所 Method for simultaneously extracting peanut oil and peanut albumen powder at low temperature
CN101993775A (en) * 2010-12-01 2011-03-30 江西省农业科学院 Method for preparing oil by using whole peanut kernels
CN102643713A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-22 山东金胜粮油集团有限公司 Biological selenium-rich aromatic peanut oil and production method thereof
CN105348850A (en) * 2015-11-06 2016-02-24 南宁邃丛赋语科技开发有限责任公司 Extraction method of peanut red skin pigment
CN108822958A (en) * 2018-05-31 2018-11-16 深圳市零度智控科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of peanut oil
CN109111987A (en) * 2018-08-30 2019-01-01 中国海洋大学 A kind of oil extracting methods
CN110157539A (en) * 2019-06-24 2019-08-23 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 The primary preparation method just to express oil from peanuts of high-quality
CN114524793A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-05-24 河南农业大学 Method for extracting and purifying procyanidine from peanut skin

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