CN116864345A - Control circuit and control method of electromagnetic relay - Google Patents
Control circuit and control method of electromagnetic relay Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116864345A CN116864345A CN202310938400.6A CN202310938400A CN116864345A CN 116864345 A CN116864345 A CN 116864345A CN 202310938400 A CN202310938400 A CN 202310938400A CN 116864345 A CN116864345 A CN 116864345A
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- Prior art keywords
- electromagnetic relay
- resistor
- pin
- control
- contactor
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 101100489717 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) GND2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 101100489713 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) GND1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/001—Functional circuits, e.g. logic, sequencing, interlocking circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
Abstract
The invention provides a control circuit and a control method of an electromagnetic relay. The MCU controls the driving circuit to output voltage to two ends of the electromagnetic relay control coil, one end is used as driving, and the other end is used as enabling, so as to control the electromagnetic relay; the MCU controls the voltage of the control coil end of the electromagnetic relay/contactor to be slightly higher than the minimum reliable action voltage range through the driving circuit in the starting stage; the MCU in the holding stage controls the voltage of the control coil end of the electromagnetic relay/contactor to be slightly higher than the minimum reliable holding voltage range through the driving circuit; the micro control unit MCU controls the voltage of the control coil terminal of the electromagnetic relay/contactor to be lower than the maximum reliable release voltage range through the driving circuit in the closing stage. The invention can effectively prevent the misoperation of the electromagnetic relay/contactor, improve the reliability and reduce the working power consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control circuit and a control method of an electromagnetic relay.
Background
Electromagnetic relays/contactors are common electronic control devices and are widely used in the fields of military industry, industrial control, household electronic equipment and the like. The common control mode is to supply and cut off power to the control coil of the electromagnetic relay/contactor so as to realize the opening and closing of the electromagnetic relay/contactor.
The voltage of the electromagnetic relay/contactor control coil is an important parameter, and the common control mode of power supply and power failure of the control coil cannot realize the control of one circuit on the electromagnetic relay/contactor with different rated control coil voltages.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a control circuit of an electromagnetic relay, which comprises a micro control unit MCU and a driving circuit;
the micro control unit MCU controls a driving circuit which is connected with an electromagnetic relay or a contactor control coil end;
the driving circuit comprises a PNP triode Q1, an NPN triode Q2, a double-channel optocoupler OP1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2;
one ends of the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6 and the second capacitor C2 are respectively connected with the first direct current power supply VDD, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the first direct current power supply ground GND1 (corresponding to VDD) for filtering interference on VDD, the other end of the R5 of the fifth resistor is connected with the A2 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP1, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the A1 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP 1.
The K1 pin of the dual-channel optical coupler OP1 is connected with a pin (the pin needs PWM output capability) with a code number PMW1 of the micro control unit MCU (U1), the K2 pin of the dual-channel optical coupler OP1 is connected with a pin (general IO pin) with a code number Enable of the micro control unit MCU (U1), and the E1 pin and the E2 pin of the dual-channel optical coupler OP1 are respectively connected with a second direct current power supply ground GND2 (corresponding to VCC).
One end of the first resistor R1, one end of the first capacitor C1, an emitter of the triode Q1, and one end of the seventh resistor R7 are respectively connected to the second dc power supply VCC.
The other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with a second direct current power supply ground GND2 (corresponding to VCC) and used for filtering interference on VCC, the other end of the first resistor R1 is respectively connected with a base electrode of the PNP triode Q1 and one end of the second resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with a C1 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP1, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is respectively connected with a C2 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP1 and one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the third resistor R3 is respectively connected with a base electrode of the triode Q2 and one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the second direct current power supply ground GND2 (corresponding to VCC).
An emitter of the NPN triode Q2 is connected to the second dc power supply ground GND2 (corresponding to VCC).
And a collector electrode of the PNP triode Q1 is connected with a positive end (Vin pin) of a control coil of the electromagnetic relay (K1).
And the collector electrode of the NPN triode Q2 is connected with the negative end (GND pin) of the control coil of the electromagnetic relay (K1).
The driving circuit adopts two paths of output to respectively control the electromagnetic relay or the contactor to control the two ends of the coil end.
The invention also provides a control method of the electromagnetic relay, which comprises the following steps: by adopting the control circuit, according to the set minimum reliable action voltage, minimum reliable holding voltage and maximum reliable release voltage of the electromagnetic relay or contactor, the output voltage of the driving circuit (the voltage at two ends of the electromagnetic relay or contactor control coil) is enabled to be slightly higher than the minimum reliable action voltage (103% -110% of the minimum reliable action voltage value) when the electromagnetic relay is started, slightly higher than the minimum reliable holding voltage (103% -110% of the minimum reliable holding voltage value) when the electromagnetic relay is kept working and lower than the maximum reliable release voltage when the electromagnetic relay is closed in a PWM control mode.
The negative end of the electromagnetic relay or the contactor control coil is used as an enabling end, and the electromagnetic relay or the contactor is kept at a low level only in a state allowing work and is not in a suspended state, so that misoperation of the electromagnetic relay or the contactor is avoided.
In order to further increase reliability and prevent misoperation, the output end of the driver adopts a two-way output mode, and one end of the driver is used as an enabling port; when the electromagnetic relay/contactor is allowed to work, the MCU outputs an enabling signal, and the driver outputs a low level at an enabling port; when the electromagnetic relay/contactor is not allowed to work, the MCU outputs a disabling signal, and the driver outputs an open circuit at the enabling port; the negative terminal is used as an enabling terminal, and the low level is kept only in a state allowing work and the state not allowing work is in a suspended state, so that misoperation of the electromagnetic relay/contactor is avoided, and reliability is improved.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention can effectively prevent the misoperation of the electromagnetic relay/contactor and improve the reliability; the invention can reduce the power consumption of the electromagnetic relay or the contactor when in work; the invention can realize the control of the electromagnetic relay/contactor with the same circuit to a plurality of different voltage working ranges through parameter adaptation. The invention can greatly reduce the power consumption on the control coil of the relay/contactor, and the part can reach more than 70 percent; the invention can adapt to various electromagnetic relays/contactors under the condition of not changing the circuit through parameter configuration; the invention can effectively avoid misoperation of the electromagnetic relay/contactor.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a hardware schematic of an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a control circuit of an electromagnetic relay, which comprises a micro control unit MCU and a driving circuit;
the micro control unit MCU controls a driving circuit which is connected with an electromagnetic relay or a contactor control coil end;
the driving circuit comprises a PNP triode Q1, an NPN triode Q2, a double-channel optocoupler OP1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2;
one ends of the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6 and the second capacitor C2 are respectively connected with the first direct current power supply VDD, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the first direct current power supply ground GND1 (corresponding to VDD) for filtering interference on VDD, the other end of the R5 of the fifth resistor is connected with the A2 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP1, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the A1 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP 1.
The K1 pin of the dual-channel optical coupler OP1 is connected with a pin (the pin needs PWM output capability) with a code number PMW1 of the micro control unit MCU (U1), the K2 pin of the dual-channel optical coupler OP1 is connected with a pin (general IO pin) with a code number Enable of the micro control unit MCU (U1), and the E1 pin and the E2 pin of the dual-channel optical coupler OP1 are respectively connected with a second direct current power supply ground GND2 (corresponding to VCC).
One end of the first resistor R1, one end of the first capacitor C1, an emitter of the triode Q1, and one end of the seventh resistor R7 are respectively connected to the second dc power supply VCC.
The other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with a second direct current power supply ground GND2 (corresponding to VCC) and used for filtering interference on VCC, the other end of the first resistor R1 is respectively connected with a base electrode of the PNP triode Q1 and one end of the second resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with a C1 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP1, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is respectively connected with a C2 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP1 and one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the third resistor R3 is respectively connected with a base electrode of the triode Q2 and one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the second direct current power supply ground GND2 (corresponding to VCC).
An emitter of the NPN triode Q2 is connected to the second dc power supply ground GND2 (corresponding to VCC).
And a collector electrode of the PNP triode Q1 is connected with a positive end (Vin pin) of a control coil of the electromagnetic relay (K1).
And the collector electrode of the NPN triode Q2 is connected with the negative end (GND pin) of the control coil of the electromagnetic relay (K1).
The driving circuit adopts two paths of output to respectively control the electromagnetic relay or the contactor to control the two ends of the coil end.
The invention also provides a control method of the electromagnetic relay, which comprises the following steps: by adopting the control circuit, according to the set minimum reliable action voltage, minimum reliable holding voltage and maximum reliable release voltage of the electromagnetic relay or contactor, the output voltage of the driving circuit (the voltage at two ends of the electromagnetic relay or contactor control coil) is enabled to be slightly higher than the minimum reliable action voltage (103% -110% of the minimum reliable action voltage value) when the electromagnetic relay is started, slightly higher than the minimum reliable holding voltage (103% -110% of the minimum reliable holding voltage value) when the electromagnetic relay is kept working and lower than the maximum reliable release voltage when the electromagnetic relay is closed in a PWM control mode.
The negative end of the electromagnetic relay or the contactor control coil is used as an enabling end, and the electromagnetic relay or the contactor is kept at a low level only in a state allowing work and is not in a suspended state, so that misoperation of the electromagnetic relay or the contactor is avoided.
Examples
Fig. 2 is an example of the present invention, and this is illustrated as a sample. K1 is a certain electromagnetic relay, the minimum reliable action voltage is 11.0V, the minimum reliable holding voltage is 5.8V, and the release voltage is 0V; q1 is a triode, is a part of a driving circuit, and is controlled by a control signal of a micro control unit MCU to regulate the output voltage to a required voltage range; q2 is a triode, which is part of a driving circuit and is used as an enabling output; OP1 is an optocoupler, is a part of a driving circuit and is used as an interface between the MCU and the driving circuit; u1 is a micro control unit MCU; VCC is about 12.0V.
When the electromagnetic relay/contactor is not allowed to work, the Enable signal output by the micro control unit MCU is low level, at the moment, Q2 is always in a cut-off state, no matter what state Q1 is, the electromagnetic relay/contactor control coil can not form a loop all the time, and the electromagnetic relay/contactor can not work.
When the electromagnetic relay/contactor is allowed to work, the Enable signal output by the micro control unit MCU is at a high level, and at the moment, Q2 is in a conducting state, so that the electromagnetic relay/contactor can be controlled by matching with Q1.
When the Enable signal output by the micro control unit MCU is at a high level, K1 is started, the micro control unit MCU can set the PWM duty ratio to be 95%, and Q1 is controlled to output about 11.4V voltage, and at the moment, K1 is started.
When the Enable signal output by the micro control unit MCU is at a high level, K1 is kept to work, the micro control unit MCU can set the PWM duty ratio to be 50%, and Q1 is controlled to output about 6.0V voltage, and at the moment, K1 is kept to work.
When the Enable signal output by the micro control unit MCU is at a high level, K1 is turned off, the micro control unit MCU can set the PWM duty ratio to be 0%, Q1 is controlled to output about 0V voltage, and at the moment, K1 is turned off.
The invention provides a control circuit and a control method of an electromagnetic relay, and the method and the way for realizing the technical scheme are more specific, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be pointed out that a plurality of improvements and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the invention. The components not explicitly described in this embodiment can be implemented by using the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. The control circuit of the electromagnetic relay is characterized by comprising a micro control unit MCU and a driving circuit;
the micro control unit MCU controls a driving circuit which is connected with an electromagnetic relay or a contactor control coil end;
the driving circuit comprises a PNP triode Q1, an NPN triode Q2, a double-channel optocoupler OP1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2;
one end of the fifth resistor R5, one end of the sixth resistor R6 and one end of the second capacitor C2 are respectively connected with the first direct current power supply VDD, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the first direct current power supply ground GND1 and used for filtering interference on VDD, the other end of the R5 of the fifth resistor is connected with the A2 pin of the dual-channel optical coupler OP1, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the A1 pin of the dual-channel optical coupler OP 1.
2. The control circuit of an electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, wherein a K1 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP1 is connected to a pin of the micro control unit MCU with a code of PMW1, a K2 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP1 is connected to a pin of the micro control unit MCU with a code of Enable, and an E1 pin and an E2 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP1 are respectively connected to a second dc power supply ground GND2.
3. The control circuit of an electromagnetic relay according to claim 2, wherein the first resistor R1, one end of the first capacitor C1, the emitter of the triode Q1, and one end of the seventh resistor R7 are respectively connected to the second dc power supply VCC.
4. The control circuit of an electromagnetic relay according to claim 3, wherein the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to a second dc power ground GND2 for filtering interference on VCC, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to a base of the PNP triode Q1 and one end of the second resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to a C1 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP1, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to a C2 pin of the dual-channel optocoupler OP1 and one end of a third resistor R3, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to a base of the triode Q2 and one end of a fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second dc power ground GND2.
5. The control circuit of an electromagnetic relay according to claim 4, wherein an emitter of the NPN triode Q2 is connected to the second dc power supply ground GND2.
6. The control circuit of an electromagnetic relay according to claim 5, wherein a collector of the PNP transistor Q1 is connected to a positive terminal of a control coil of the electromagnetic relay.
7. The control circuit of an electromagnetic relay according to claim 6, wherein a collector of the NPN triode Q2 is connected to a negative terminal of a control coil of the electromagnetic relay.
8. The control circuit of an electromagnetic relay according to claim 7, wherein the driving circuit adopts two outputs to control both ends of the control coil terminal of the electromagnetic relay or the contactor, respectively.
9. A control method of an electromagnetic relay, characterized by comprising: the control circuit according to any one of claims 1-8 is used, and according to the set minimum reliable operation voltage, minimum reliable holding voltage and maximum reliable release voltage of the electromagnetic relay or contactor, the output voltage of the driving circuit is enabled to be slightly higher than the minimum reliable operation voltage, slightly higher than the minimum reliable holding voltage when the electromagnetic relay is kept working and lower than the maximum reliable release voltage when the electromagnetic relay is closed in a PWM control mode.
10. The control method of an electromagnetic relay according to claim 9, further comprising: the negative end of the electromagnetic relay or the contactor control coil is used as an enabling end, and the electromagnetic relay or the contactor is kept at a low level only in a state allowing work and is not in a suspended state, so that misoperation of the electromagnetic relay or the contactor is avoided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310938400.6A CN116864345A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Control circuit and control method of electromagnetic relay |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310938400.6A CN116864345A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Control circuit and control method of electromagnetic relay |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116864345A true CN116864345A (en) | 2023-10-10 |
Family
ID=88219047
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310938400.6A Pending CN116864345A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Control circuit and control method of electromagnetic relay |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116864345A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-28 CN CN202310938400.6A patent/CN116864345A/en active Pending
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