CN116861641A - Landscape garden plant airflow analysis and configuration method based on LIM technology - Google Patents
Landscape garden plant airflow analysis and configuration method based on LIM technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a landscape plant airflow analysis and configuration method based on LIM technology, belongs to the technical field of landscape plant landscape design, and solves the defect that the existing design method does not introduce and pay attention to airflow problems; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring airflow data of a target scene, establishing a scene model, and importing the scene model into analysis software; according to the airflow data, obtaining a wind environment analysis result through a wind environment analysis plug-in of analysis software; according to plant survival attribute data and a wind environment analysis result, selecting and matching plant types and plant specifications in a scene model, realizing the complete establishment of the landscape architecture plant landscape model, rendering the model, and continuously optimizing and completing a final landscape design scheme and application in the rendering process; the invention focuses on the influence of the air flow on the landscape, and effectively solves the problems of difficult survival and poor growth caused by the air flow of partial plants and the increase of construction cost under the support of LIM technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of landscape plant landscape design, and particularly relates to a landscape plant airflow analysis and configuration method based on an LIM technology.
Background
In the design process of landscape plants, LIM technology is applied in industry, but the following situations occur: aiming at landscape design of landscape plants, effect graphs displayed by landscape designers in most cases are designed and completed according to ideal plant state assumption in the mind of the landscape designers, and the appearance of plants under growth limiting factors is basically not considered; on one hand, the experience of a landscape designer is limited, and the landscape designer cannot make accurate air flow prediction in the face of a new plant planting scene, so that the selection of the configured plant types and specifications is wrong; on the other hand, in the landscape construction stage of the landscape plants, the arrangement of various building facilities around in the new scene can change the trend of the air flow, form a narrow pipe effect, cause the air flow to gather and bring a complex wind environment; the strong wind can reduce the transpiration effect of plants, and can blow off sprouting tender leaves, so that the growth state of a large number of trees is poor. Under the action of wind, the wax layer of the leaf can be damaged, so that plants are dwarfed, and the crown width is reduced.
In addition, the effect of airflow problems on plant landscape also includes: after the plant landscape is built, partial areas can be subjected to the phenomenon of local temperature rapid change caused by northwest cold wind; through a large number of investigation and comparison, the cooling speed is higher, the temperature is lower, and the probability of freezing the plants is higher for the windward side of the plant landscape. Therefore, the air flow problem is always a cause of death or poor growth of partial plants in a new scene, and seriously affects the landscape effect of the finally constructed plants.
In the prior art, in order to compensate or remedy the plant landscape effect, the landscape effect is generally improved by a continuous replacement mode in the construction or maintenance stage, so that a great deal of waste is caused. Then, how to introduce and pay attention to the air flow problem in the design and configuration stage of landscape architecture plants, and reduce unnecessary effort input in the later stage, becomes a research focus of the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the background technology, and introduces and pays attention to the air flow problem in the design and configuration stage of landscape architecture plants, thereby maximally satisfying the effect presentation of landscape architecture plants; according to the invention, by means of wind environment, airflow analysis and the like of the plant field, under the assistance of LIM technology, the precise selection of a landscape designer on the plant types and specifications is realized, so that the plant achieves the expected effect in a new scene, and a great amount of later maintenance energy is not needed.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to achieve the purpose:
a landscape architecture plant airflow analysis and configuration method based on LIM technology, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, measuring and obtaining airflow data of a target scene;
s2, establishing a scene model corresponding to the target scene, and importing the scene model containing the airflow data into analysis software;
s3, according to the airflow data, obtaining a wind environment analysis result corresponding to the target scene through a wind environment analysis plug-in of analysis software;
s4, acquiring plant survival attribute data, and selecting and matching plant types and plant specifications of each land in the scene model according to the plant survival attribute data and a wind environment analysis result to realize the complete establishment of the landscape architecture plant landscape model;
and S5, rendering the landscape garden plant landscape model, and continuously optimizing in the rendering process to complete the selection and collocation scheme of the final plant types and plant specifications.
Specifically, in step S1, the target scene is an actual scene location of a landscape architecture plant landscape preparation configuration; a plurality of wind power measuring points are arranged in a target scene, wind speed, wind direction and temperature data are collected through a meteorological collector in each wind power measuring point, and air flow data are formed in a summarizing mode.
Preferably, wind speed, wind direction and temperature data of a target scene in a annual time range are collected and used as annual measurement data, annual airflow data are formed in a collating and summarizing mode, and the annual airflow data are used as a simulation data base in a scene model wind environment analysis process.
Further, in step S2, the scene model includes a field model and a building and hard scene model; and after the site model is imported into analysis software, establishing a full-area analysis grid, and loading airflow data corresponding to each full-area analysis grid of the site model.
Specifically, in the process of establishing a scene model, according to a landscape design topographic map presented in CAD software, after data preprocessing, the scene model is established by linking the scene model into Revit modeling software; and then, using a Revit modeling software export tool to export the scene model which is built as a model file, and importing the model file into Ecotect Analysis software.
Specifically, in step S3, after the model file is imported into the Ecotect Analysis software, a full-area Analysis grid corresponding to the site model is established; and then, adjusting the size of the whole area Analysis grid through a grid Analysis tool of Ecotect Analysis software, so that the whole area Analysis grid covers the occupied surface of the whole field model.
Specifically, after the adjustment of the full-area Analysis grid is completed, using a WinAir4 program of Ecotect Analysis software as a wind environment Analysis plug-in unit, analyzing airflow data corresponding to each full-area Analysis grid, calculating a preliminary Analysis result, and generating a corresponding Analysis file.
Preferably, the Analysis file is input into Ecotect Analysis software again, and the numerical value and Analysis image of the whole scene model, which change along with the relief of topography, building and hard scene layout, are presented again through a grid Analysis tool; and uniformly summarizing the corresponding numerical values and the analysis images to obtain wind environment analysis results corresponding to the target scene.
Specifically, in step S4, the landscape designer obtains plant survival attribute data, compares the plant survival attribute data with the wind environment analysis result, selects and matches plant types suitable for configuration on the corresponding land, determines plant specifications, and completes the preliminary design of the landscape scheme.
Preferably, after the primary design of the landscape scheme is completed, a plant model is established by using Revit modeling software according to plant types and configuration points; after modeling of the scene model and the plant model is completed, switching the software view mode to a three-dimensional view, and opening the Lumion rendering software through a Lumion starting plug-in the Revit modeling software to carry out step S5; in step S5, under the view port of the Revit modeling software or the Lumion rendering software, the landscape designer continuously optimizes the selection and collocation scheme of the plant types and the plant specifications according to the rendering effect change and the data base of the wind environment analysis result which are presented by the view port linkage, so as to form a final landscape architecture design scheme, and delivers the construction unit to complete the landscape architecture construction process, so that the finished landscape is obtained.
In summary, by adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method focuses on the air flow problem in the design, analysis and configuration process of landscape architecture plants; in the design stage, annual airflow data corresponding to a target scene are used, so that the influence condition of the plant on the scene in spring, summer, autumn and winter is fully considered, and the effect of landscape garden plant landscape can be met to the greatest extent.
When the method is applied to the design configuration process, the three-dimensional visualization requirements of all parties on the landscape effect can be met, the landscape designer can effectively select the plant types and specifications with the assistance of air flow data, the problem of construction cost increase caused by the difficulty in survival and growth vigor difference of partial plants affected by air flow is effectively solved, better growth of plants in a new scene is facilitated, the expected effect is achieved, and the construction cost of the constructors and the maintenance cost of the operators on landscape plants are effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall process steps of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
A landscape architecture plant airflow analysis and configuration method based on LIM technology, the overall flow of which can be described with reference to FIG. 1, comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring and obtaining airflow data of a target scene;
s2, establishing a scene model corresponding to the target scene, and importing the scene model containing the airflow data into analysis software;
s3, according to the airflow data, obtaining a wind environment analysis result corresponding to the target scene through a wind environment analysis plug-in of analysis software;
s4, acquiring plant survival attribute data, and selecting and matching plant types and plant specifications of each land in the scene model according to the plant survival attribute data and a wind environment analysis result to realize the complete establishment of the landscape architecture plant landscape model;
and S5, rendering the landscape garden plant landscape model, and continuously optimizing in the rendering process to complete the selection and collocation scheme of the final plant types and plant specifications.
The above 5 steps are taken as main and key steps of the method, and the following is a detailed description of the embodiment, and the description sequence is according to the logic of the steps, and an optimal mode is given at the same time.
First, airflow data of a target scene is measured and obtained. The target scene is an actual scene place prepared and configured for landscape architecture plant landscapes; in the embodiment, a plurality of wind measuring points are arranged in a target scene, the selection of the points is representative, in each wind measuring point, the wind speed, the wind direction and the temperature data of the target scene in a annual time range are collected through a weather collector of FT-QC9H type to be used as annual measuring data, annual airflow data are arranged and collected to be formed, and the annual airflow data are used as a simulation data base in the scene model wind environment analysis process.
Step S2 is carried out, wherein the scene model comprises a field model, a building and a hard scene model; the building process of the site model comprises the following steps: opening a landscape design topographic map in CAD software, performing data preprocessing, deleting points, lines and redundant marks which do not contain elevation information in the map, and only keeping three-dimensional information to completely and accurately describe graphic elements of topographic structures; then linking the landscape design topographic map subjected to data preprocessing into Revit modeling software, and generating a three-dimensional landscape topographic model through a site modeling tool carried by the software so as to establish the site model; the building and hard scene model is also directly built in the Revit modeling software to form the whole scene model.
After summarizing the scene model and the corresponding airflow data, exporting the scene model and the corresponding airflow data into a model file in a 'dxf' format, and importing the model file into Ecotect Analysis software.
In step S3, after the model file is imported into Ecotect Analysis software, a full area Analysis grid corresponding to the site model is created. According to the embodiment, the size of the whole area Analysis grid is adjusted through a grid Analysis tool of Ecotect Analysis software according to the actual size of the scene model, so that the whole area Analysis grid covers the occupied surface of the whole scene model.
Immediately after the whole area Analysis grid adjustment is completed, using a WinAir4 program of Ecotect Analysis software as a wind environment Analysis plug-in; the WinAir4 program is an expansion plug-in of Ecotect Analysis software, and the expansion plug-in is required to be installed in advance in a corresponding Analysis computer. Inputting annual airflow data corresponding to a scene model into Ecotect Analysis software by using the function of outputting model data of a WinAir4 program; after the analysis command is started, the WinAir4 program automatically calculates and analyzes the preliminary analysis result of the corresponding topography in the grid range, and generates an analysis file in a format of 'goe' and an 'OUTPUT'.
Inputting the obtained Analysis file into Ecotect Analysis software again, and displaying numerical values and Analysis images of the whole scene model, wherein the numerical values and Analysis images change along with the relief of the topography, the building and the hard scene layout of the wind speed and the wind direction of the whole scene model in different grid areas through a grid Analysis tool; and uniformly summarizing the corresponding numerical values and the analysis images to obtain wind environment analysis results corresponding to the target scene.
After the wind environment analysis result is obtained, step S4 is performed, and related processes such as plant model establishment and the like are performed synchronously in the process of configuring plants. In this embodiment, the landscape designer obtains plant survival attribute data, compares the plant survival attribute data with the wind environment analysis result, can accurately select and match plant types and specifications of plants according to the wind speed, wind pressure, temperature and other data of each zone position and the growth attribute and characteristics of the plants, scientifically and reasonably completes the collocation design of landscape plants and landscapes, determines the specifications of the plants at the same time, and completes the preliminary design of a landscape scheme.
For the establishment of the plant model, the mode of rendering and application of the model output is described in the following best supplementary explanation. Using Revit modeling software, building a plant model according to the initially designed plant types and configuration points, wherein the plant model adopts a concept family form to replace a real plant model; in the plant model concept family, elliptic spheres and cylinders are combined to form plant shapes, the types of plants are distinguished by model colors, the sizes of the plants are distinguished by model sizes, and the establishment of the selected and configured plant models is completed. Modeling the plant model in a conceptual group mode can avoid the occurrence of the phenomenon of operation blocking or flashing back of Revit modeling software caused by overlarge model quantity, reduce the design cost and smoothly finish the plant model required by the design drawing.
In step S5, the whole landscape plant landscape model comprises a plant model, a site model, a building and a hard scene model, after modeling is completed, a software view mode of Revit is switched to a three-dimensional view, and a Lumion rendering software is opened through a Lumion starting plug-in the Revit modeling software; after all models in the Revit modeling software are imported into the Lumion rendering software through the plug-in, the visual port linkage of the Revit modeling software and the Lumion rendering software can be realized; under the view port of the Revit modeling software or the Lumion rendering software, the landscape designer continuously optimizes the selection and collocation scheme of plant types and plant specifications according to the help of the view port linkage. Due to the good linkage relation between the Revit modeling software and the Lumion rendering software, the Revit model file can be automatically imported into the Lumion software, after the two types of software realize the view port linkage, the model is modified or the view port is adjusted in any one type of software, and the other type of software can be synchronous therewith, so that the use experience and benefit of the scheme optimization process are greatly improved.
In the embodiment, under the linkage of the view port of the Revit modeling software and the view port of the Lumion rendering software, the material selection and the endowing operation of the site model, the building and the hard scene model are completed in the Lumion rendering software according to the real three-dimensional data information in the Revit modeling software; meanwhile, according to plant types and configuration points of plant models in a concept family form in Revit modeling software, selecting a corresponding matched real plant model to replace the concept family model in a plant library of Lumion rendering software; in the material giving and model replacing process, the landscape designer continuously optimizes the selection and collocation scheme of plant types and plant specifications, adjusts and modifies the landscape, and obtains the landscape design scheme after optimization is completed.
At this time, the whole landscape architecture design scheme is formed and presented in the Revit modeling software, a landscape architecture CAD design drawing corresponding to the landscape architecture design scheme is output through a drawing tool in the Revit modeling software, and a rendering image file corresponding to the landscape architecture design scheme is output through Lumion rendering software, wherein the rendering image file comprises a landscape rendering effect drawing and a rendering video; delivering the landscape garden CAD design drawing and the rendering image file to a construction unit. And the construction unit completes the construction process of the landscape architectural landscape design scheme content according to the landscape architectural CAD design drawing and the rendered image file, so as to obtain the finished landscape. With the help of landscape architecture CAD design drawings and rendering image files, a construction unit can accurately grasp design intention, and accurately and efficiently finish construction tasks of a landscape scheme.
In summary, in the method process of the embodiment, the airflow analysis link is introduced into the landscape architecture plant landscape design and configuration process under the support of LIM technology, so as to solve the influence of the airflow problem on plants; therefore, the method eliminates the airflow problem possibly suffered by plants in a new scene when designing and configuring the landscape, and can greatly avoid the conditions of poor growth and death of the plants after the landscape construction is finished, thereby saving the later maintenance and replacement cost and reducing unnecessary energy input.
Claims (10)
1. A landscape architecture plant airflow analysis and configuration method based on LIM technology is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring and obtaining airflow data of a target scene;
s2, establishing a scene model corresponding to the target scene, and importing the scene model containing the airflow data into analysis software;
s3, according to the airflow data, obtaining a wind environment analysis result corresponding to the target scene through a wind environment analysis plug-in of analysis software;
s4, acquiring plant survival attribute data, and selecting and matching plant types and plant specifications of each land in the scene model according to the plant survival attribute data and a wind environment analysis result to realize the complete establishment of the landscape architecture plant landscape model;
and S5, rendering the landscape garden plant landscape model, and continuously optimizing in the rendering process to complete the selection and collocation scheme of the final plant types and plant specifications.
2. The method for analyzing and configuring landscape architectural plant airflow based on LIM technology according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the target scene is an actual scene place prepared and configured for landscape architecture plant landscapes; a plurality of wind power measuring points are arranged in a target scene, wind speed, wind direction and temperature data are collected through a meteorological collector in each wind power measuring point, and air flow data are formed in a summarizing mode.
3. The method for analyzing and configuring landscape architectural plant airflow based on LIM technology according to claim 2, wherein: and acquiring wind speed, wind direction and temperature data of a target scene within a annual time range, as annual measurement data, sorting and summarizing the annual airflow data, and taking the annual airflow data as a simulation data base in a scene model wind environment analysis process.
4. The method for analyzing and configuring landscape architectural plant airflow based on LIM technology according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the scene model includes a site model and a building and hard scene model; and after the site model is imported into analysis software, establishing a full-area analysis grid, and loading airflow data corresponding to each full-area analysis grid of the site model.
5. The method for analyzing and configuring landscape architectural plant airflow based on LIM technology according to claim 4, wherein: the building process of the scene model is that the scene model is built by linking to the Revit modeling software after data preprocessing according to a landscape design topographic map presented in CAD software; and then, using a Revit modeling software export tool to export the scene model which is built as a model file, and importing the model file into Ecotect Analysis software.
6. The method for analyzing and configuring landscape architectural plant airflow based on LIM technology according to claim 5, wherein: in step S3, after the model file is imported into the Ecotect Analysis software, a full-area Analysis grid corresponding to the site model is established; and then, adjusting the size of the whole area Analysis grid through a grid Analysis tool of Ecotect Analysis software, so that the whole area Analysis grid covers the occupied surface of the whole field model.
7. The method for analyzing and configuring landscape architectural plant airflow based on LIM technology according to claim 6, wherein: after the whole area Analysis grids are adjusted, using a WinAir4 program of Ecotect Analysis software as a wind environment Analysis plug-in unit to analyze airflow data corresponding to each whole area Analysis grid, calculating a preliminary Analysis result and generating a corresponding Analysis file.
8. The method for analyzing and configuring landscape architectural plant airflow based on LIM technology according to claim 6, wherein: inputting the Analysis file into Ecotect Analysis software again, and displaying numerical values and Analysis images of the whole scene model, wherein the numerical values and Analysis images change along with the relief of the topography, the building and the hard scene layout of the whole scene model in different grid areas through a grid Analysis tool; and uniformly summarizing the corresponding numerical values and the analysis images to obtain wind environment analysis results corresponding to the target scene.
9. The method for analyzing and configuring landscape architectural plant airflow based on LIM technology according to claim 1, wherein: in step S4, the landscape designer obtains plant survival attribute data, compares the plant survival attribute data with the wind environment analysis result, selects and matches plant types suitable for configuration on the corresponding land, determines plant specifications, and completes the preliminary design of the landscape scheme.
10. The method for analyzing and configuring landscape architectural plant airflow based on LIM technology according to claim 9, wherein: after the primary design of the landscape scheme is completed, using Revit modeling software to build a plant model according to plant types and configuration points; after modeling of the scene model and the plant model is completed, switching the software view mode to a three-dimensional view, and opening the Lumion rendering software through a Lumion starting plug-in the Revit modeling software to carry out step S5; in step S5, under the view port of the Revit modeling software or the Lumion rendering software, the landscape designer continuously optimizes the selection and collocation scheme of the plant types and the plant specifications according to the rendering effect change and the data base of the wind environment analysis result which are presented by the view port linkage, so as to form a final landscape architecture design scheme, and delivers the construction unit to complete the landscape architecture construction process, so that the finished landscape is obtained.
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