CN116858410A - Force transducer device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a force transducer device and a measuring method thereof, wherein the force transducer device comprises a first panel, a second panel and a dynamic acquisition instrument, wherein the first panel is used for being attached to one end of a sandwich structure, which faces to an engineering structure, the second panel is used for being attached to one end of the engineering structure, which faces to the sandwich structure, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the first panel at intervals along the outline of the first panel; the second panels are arranged under the first panels relatively, and threaded holes are correspondingly formed in one end, facing the first panels, of the second panels; a polish rod is inserted in each through hole in a sliding manner, and screw heads and threaded parts matched with the threaded holes are respectively arranged at two ends of the polish rod; the dynamic acquisition instrument is electrically connected with a plurality of force transducers for measuring the transmission force transmitted to the first panel when the sandwich structure is applied with dynamic load, and the plurality of force transducers are arranged between the first panel and the second panel and are arranged on the second panel along the polygonal outline at intervals. The invention can accurately measure the transmission force of the large-size sandwich structure when loading dynamic load.

Description

Force transducer device and measuring method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transmission force measurement, in particular to a force transducer device and a measurement method thereof, and especially relates to dynamic transmission force measurement of an engineering protection structure.

Background

The sandwich structure is generally formed by connecting an upper high-strength panel, a lower high-strength panel and a middle light sandwich layer structure, has the characteristics of light weight, high specific strength, high energy absorption and the like, and is also applied to the structural protection in the engineering fields of aerospace, transportation, vehicle engineering and the like. When the sandwich structure resists dynamic loads such as external impact, explosion and the like, the sandwich structure absorbs external input energy through large plastic deformation so as to achieve a protection effect, and the engineering structure attached to the back of the sandwich structure is protected from being damaged. The transmission of forces applied to the protected engineering structure when the sandwich structure is subjected to dynamic loads can be one of the important criteria for evaluating the protection performance and the damage degree of the structure. However, the important index parameter of the transferring force applied to the engineering structure connected to the end of the lower high-strength panel facing away from the upper high-strength panel (i.e. the back of the sandwich structure) of the sandwich structure when the sandwich structure is subjected to dynamic load such as impact, explosion, etc. is often difficult to be completely measured.

The existing dynamic force sensor system which is commonly used for measuring the transmission force applied to the protected engineering structure when the sandwich structure is loaded with dynamic load can better capture and convert the transmission force data applied to the engineering structure by the sandwich structure through the external dynamic load, but the existing dynamic force sensor system can only generally measure the transmission force applied to the local area position of the protected engineering structure when the sandwich structure is loaded with dynamic load, and cannot acquire the transmission force applied to the different area positions of the engineering structure when the sandwich structure is loaded with dynamic load, so that the transmission force of the large-size sandwich structure when the sandwich structure is loaded with dynamic load is not suitable for accurate measurement.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that the dynamic force transducer system in the prior art cannot simultaneously acquire the transmission force of the sandwich structure transmitted to different areas of the engineering structure, so that the transmission force of the large-size sandwich structure when dynamic load is loaded cannot be accurately measured, and therefore, the force transducer device and the measuring method thereof are provided.

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a load cell apparatus for use in the analogue measurement of the transfer force applied to a protected engineering structure when the sandwich structure is loaded with dynamic loads, the load cell apparatus being for placement between the sandwich structure and the engineering structure; the load cell apparatus includes:

the first panel is used for being attached to one end of the sandwich structure, which faces the engineering structure along the height direction; a plurality of through holes are arranged on the first panel at intervals along the outline of the first panel, and penetrate through the first panel along the height direction; a polish rod is inserted in each through hole in a sliding manner, a screw head and a screw thread part are respectively arranged at the opposite upper end and the opposite lower end of the polish rod along the height direction, and the diameter of the screw head is larger than that of the through hole;

The second panel is used for being attached to one end of the engineering structure, which faces the sandwich structure along the height direction; the second panels are arranged right below the first panels in the height direction, threaded holes are correspondingly formed in the positions, corresponding to the through holes, of the end faces of one ends of the second panels, facing the first panels, one by one, and the threaded holes are matched with the threaded parts;

a plurality of load cells, each disposed parallel to Gao Dubu between the first and second panels, the plurality of load cells being spaced along a polygonal profile on the second panel and disposed at a geometric center of the second panel; the load cell is used for measuring the transmission force transmitted to the first panel when the sandwich structure is applied with dynamic load;

the dynamic acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the force sensors and is used for recording time course curves of the transfer force measured by each force sensor.

The force transducer device has at least the following technical effects: 1. by arranging the load cells between the first panel and the second panel along the polygonal outline at intervals, and arranging one load cell at the geometric center of the second panel; in the process of measurement, the threaded part of the polish rod is screwed in the corresponding threaded hole, the first panel and the second panel can be connected into a whole, each force transducer is clamped between the first panel and the second panel according to the arrangement position, then the first panel and the second panel which are connected into a whole are placed between the sandwich structure and the engineering structure to be fixed, then dynamic load is applied to the sandwich structure, the sandwich structure applies transmission force to the first panel, because the polish rod is slidingly inserted in the through hole (namely, the polish rod is in clearance fit in the through hole), the first panel can generate displacement moving towards the second panel along the height direction under the action of the transmission force, each force transducer is ensured to deform towards the second panel along the height direction when the first panel receives the transmission force, so that the force transducers distributed at each position normally receive the deformation and convert the deformation into force data signals when the transmission force is applied by the sandwich structure, the force data signals obtained by the force transducers distributed at different positions are respectively captured and recorded by a dynamic acquisition instrument, and simultaneously the dynamic load is applied to different areas of the engineering structure to realize the dynamic load transmission process when the dynamic load is completely loaded, and the dynamic load is applied to the dynamic structure is simulated and the dynamic load is transferred to different areas; and furthermore, the transmission force distribution of the sandwich structure towards the positions of different areas of the end face of the first panel is conveniently obtained, and the resultant force of the transmission forces of the positions of the different areas of the sandwich structure can be calculated so as to obtain the integral transmission force, so that the accurate measurement of the transmission force of the large-size sandwich structure when loading dynamic load is realized, the protective performance of the sandwich structure can be obtained through visual stress analysis, and the application of the sandwich structure in actual protective engineering is more favorably guided.

2. Detachably connecting the first panel and the second panel into a whole in a threaded connection mode through the threaded part and the threaded hole, and clamping each force transducer between the first panel and the second panel according to the arrangement position; after the work of measuring the transmission force is completed, the threaded part can be screwed off from the corresponding threaded hole, the first panel and the second panel are separated, and each force transducer is taken down from between the first panel and the second panel, so that the force transducer device when not in use can be detached, the occupied storage space is reduced conveniently, and when a certain component part of the force transducer device is damaged, only part of the damaged part is required to be replaced, the whole is not required to be replaced, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Preferably, a first mounting groove is formed in the position, facing to the end face of one end of the first panel, of each load cell, the first mounting groove is parallel to the height direction and is matched with the opposite lower end of the load cell in the height direction.

Preferably, each force transducer is electrically connected with the dynamic acquisition instrument through a data line, and the distance from the connection part of the force transducer and the data line to the opposite lower end surface of the force transducer along the height direction is greater than the depth of the first installation groove.

Preferably, a second mounting groove is formed in the first panel, facing to the end face of one end of the second panel, at a position corresponding to each of the load cells, and the second mounting groove is parallel to the height direction and matched with the opposite upper end of the load cell along the height direction.

Preferably, the through hole is a countersink, a large diameter portion of the countersink is arranged at one end of the countersink, which is away from the second panel, the diameter of the large diameter portion is larger than that of the screw head, and the depth of the large diameter portion is larger than the thickness of the screw head.

Preferably, the first panel and the second panel are both made of high-strength steel, and the first panel and the second panel are made of one of 304 steel, low-alloy high-strength steel and 7075 aluminum alloy.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a measuring method applied to the load cell apparatus provided in the first aspect, the measuring method including the steps of:

assembling the force transducer device, selecting a required number of force transducers, and placing the force transducers on the opposite upper end surfaces of the second panel along the height direction according to the set distribution positions; then aligning the first panel with the second panel, placing the second panel on the opposite upper end face of the force transducer along the height direction, and then enabling the polish rod to pass through the through hole and screwing the threaded part into the threaded hole to obtain the force transducer device;

Selecting a supporting steel plate and a sandwich structure, mounting the supporting steel plate on a mounting seat for simulating an engineering structure, fixing the mounting seat on the ground, then placing the force sensor device on the opposite upper end surface of the supporting steel plate along the height direction, providing supporting force parallel to the height direction for the force sensor by the supporting steel plate, and then placing the sandwich structure on the upper end surface of the first panel along the height direction;

electrically connecting the load cell with the dynamic acquisition instrument;

and starting a light air gun device to load dynamic load on the opposite upper end face of the sandwich structure along the height direction, and recording the time course curve of the transfer force measured by each force measuring sensor through the dynamic acquisition instrument.

According to the measuring method, at least the following technical effects are achieved:

1. by arranging the load cells between the first panel and the second panel along the polygonal outline at intervals, and arranging one load cell at the geometric center of the second panel; in the process of measurement, the first panel and the second panel can be connected into a whole after the threaded part of the polish rod is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole, each force transducer is clamped between the first panel and the second panel according to the arrangement position to form a force transducer device, then the first panel and the second panel which are connected into a whole are placed between the sandwich structure and the supporting steel plate for simulating the engineering structure to be fixed, the supporting steel plate can provide supporting force parallel to the height direction for a system formed by the force transducer device and the sandwich structure, then the light bubble device is started to apply dynamic load to the sandwich structure, the sandwich structure applies transmitting force to the first panel because the polish rod is slidingly inserted into the through hole (namely, the polish rod is in clearance fit in the through hole), the first panel can generate displacement moving towards the second panel along the height direction under the action of the transfer force, so that each force sensor is extruded to deform along the height direction towards the second panel when the first panel receives the transfer force, the force sensors distributed at all positions are ensured to normally deform and convert the force sensors into force data signals when the force sensors receive the transfer force applied by the sandwich structure loaded with dynamic load, the force data signals obtained by the force sensors distributed at all positions are respectively captured and recorded by the dynamic acquisition instrument, and meanwhile, the time course curve of the transfer force of all the positions of different areas in the dynamic load loading process is obtained, so that the simulation measurement of the dynamic transfer force applied to different areas of the engineering structure when the sandwich structure is transferred is completed; and furthermore, the transmission force distribution of the sandwich structure towards the positions of different areas of the end face of the first panel is conveniently obtained, and the resultant force of the transmission forces of the positions of the different areas of the sandwich structure can be calculated so as to obtain the integral transmission force, so that the accurate measurement of the transmission force of the large-size sandwich structure when loading dynamic load is realized, the protective performance of the sandwich structure can be obtained through visual stress analysis, and the application of the sandwich structure in actual protective engineering is more favorably guided.

2. Because the strength of the supporting steel plate is high, the deformation of the supporting steel plate in the process of loading dynamic load to measure the transmission force is very tiny and negligible, so that the supporting steel plate cannot participate in the energy consumption in the dynamic load loading process, thereby ensuring that the transmission force of the dynamic load applied to the sandwich structure is completely transmitted to the force transducer device, further ensuring that the force transducer device can accurately capture all the transmission force of the sandwich structure when loading the dynamic load, and ensuring the accuracy of the simulation measurement quantity of the force transducer device; the transmission force measured by the force sensor device can be regarded as the transmission force which the engineering structure will receive under the same load working condition, the protective performance of the sandwich structure can be obtained through visual stress analysis, and the application of the sandwich structure in actual protective engineering is guided to be designed.

3. Detachably connecting the first panel and the second panel into a whole in a threaded connection mode through the threaded part and the threaded hole, and clamping each force transducer between the first panel and the second panel according to the arrangement position; after the work of measuring the transmission force is completed, the threaded part can be screwed off from the corresponding threaded hole, the first panel and the second panel are separated, and each force transducer is taken down from between the first panel and the second panel, so that the force transducer device when not in use can be detached, the occupied storage space is reduced conveniently, and when a certain component part of the force transducer device used in the measuring method is damaged, only part of damaged parts are needed to be replaced, the whole is not needed to be replaced, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

4. When the force transducer device in the measuring method is assembled, the force transducers are only required to be placed on the second panel according to the arrangement positions, the second panel is connected with the first panel into a whole in a screwing mode through the threaded parts and the threaded holes, the force transducers are pressed between the first panel and the second panel, the whole assembling process is simple and convenient to operate, the measuring difficulty of the measuring method is further reduced, and the measuring efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the device further comprises a compacting plate, wherein the compacting plate is detachably connected with the supporting steel plate, is attached to the opposite upper end face of the sandwich structure along the height direction and is used for applying a compacting force parallel to the height direction to the sandwich structure, and a through groove is formed in the middle of the compacting plate in a penetrating manner along the height direction and is used for allowing a projectile sent by the light air cannon device to pass through;

after the sandwich structure is placed on the upper end face of the first panel in the height direction, before the light air gun device is started, the pressing plate is detachably connected to one end of the supporting steel plate, which faces the sandwich structure, and the pressing plate is abutted and pressed on the opposite upper end face of the sandwich structure in the height direction.

Preferably, the supporting steel plate is detachably connected to the mounting base.

Preferably, a plurality of threaded rods are arranged at intervals along the outline of the end face of the support steel plate facing the mounting seat, each threaded rod is arranged parallel to the height direction, first through holes are formed in the position, corresponding to the threaded rods, of the end face of the support steel plate facing the mounting seat in a one-to-one correspondence mode, when the support steel plate is assembled, the threaded rods penetrate through the first through holes and are screwed with first nuts, and one end of each first nut is attached to the end face, facing away from the mounting seat, of the support steel plate; the hold-down plate orientation the one end terminal surface of holding-up plate corresponds the position one-to-one of threaded rod is provided with the second and perforates, during the assembly, the threaded rod passes the second perforates and connects soon has the second nut, the one end laminating of second nut in the hold-down plate deviates from the one end terminal surface of holding-up plate.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of a load cell apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an inverted structure of a first panel of a load cell apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a time course of force transmitted by measuring points at five different locations of a sandwich structure using a load cell apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an exploded view of a load cell apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention assembled between a sandwich structure and a support steel plate for measurement;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a load cell apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention assembled between a sandwich structure and a support steel plate for measurement.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-force transducer device, 11-first panel, 111-second mounting groove, 12-through hole, 121-large diameter part, 131-polish rod, 132-screw head, 133-screw part, 134-straight slot, 14-second panel, 141-first mounting groove, 15-screw hole, 16-force transducer, 161-data wire;

2-sandwich structure;

3-supporting a steel plate;

41-mounting seat, 42-compacting plate, 421-second perforation, 422-through groove, 43-threaded rod, 44-first nut, 45-second nut.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.

The load cell system commonly used for measuring the sandwich structure 2 can obtain the transmission force of dynamic load on the sandwich structure 2, but the load cell system usually adopts only a single load cell for measurement, because the volume size of the single load cell is often smaller, and is more suitable for the measurement of a reduced-scale experiment and a small-size sandwich structure 2, such as the measurement of a large-size sandwich structure 2, the contact between the back plate and the area except the load cell can be caused by the bending deformation of the back plate facing the engineering structure in the sandwich structure 2, and other physical limiting factors cause inaccurate measurement of the transmission force, so that the system is not suitable for the measurement of a large-size sandwich protective structure; meanwhile, a single force transducer is adopted to only measure the whole transmission force of the backboard of the sandwich structure 2, the transmission force of the positions of the areas except the sensor arrangement cannot be conveniently obtained, the protection performance of the sandwich structure 2 is required to be analyzed by combining the deformation damage and other conditions of the positions of the different areas of the sandwich structure 2, the transmission force of the positions of the different areas of the sandwich structure 2 cannot be conveniently obtained, and therefore the transmission force of the positions of the different areas cannot be intuitively analyzed.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a load cell apparatus provided in the present embodiment is applied to the simulation measurement of a transmission force applied to a protected engineering structure when a sandwich structure 2 is loaded with dynamic load, and the load cell apparatus 1 is used for being placed in abutment between the sandwich structure 2 and the engineering structure; the force sensor device 1 comprises a dynamic acquisition instrument (not shown in the figure) and a first panel 11 which is used for being attached to one end of the sandwich structure 2 towards the engineering structure along the height direction, wherein four through holes 12 are preferably formed in the first panel 11 along the outline interval of the first panel 11, and each through hole 12 penetrates through the first panel 11 along the height direction; a polish rod 131 is slidably inserted in each through hole 12, a screw head 132 and a screw thread part 133 are respectively arranged at the opposite upper end and the opposite lower end of the polish rod 131 along the height direction, and the diameter of the screw head 132 is larger than that of the through hole 12; a second panel 14 is arranged right below the first panel 11 along the height direction, and the second panel 14 is used for being attached to one end of the engineering structure, which faces the sandwich structure 2 along the height direction; screw holes 15 are arranged on the end face of one end of the second panel 14 facing the first panel 11 and correspond to the positions of the through holes 12 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the screw holes 15 are matched with the screw thread parts 133; preferably five load cells 16 are provided between the first panel 11 and the second panel 14, each load cell 16 being arranged parallel to the height direction and being adapted to measure the transfer force transferred to the first panel 11 when dynamic loads are applied to the sandwich structure 2; five of the load cells 16 are arranged on the second panel 14 at intervals along a rectangular profile and at the geometric center of the second panel 14; the dynamic acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the load cells 16 and is used for recording time course curves of the transmission force measured by each load cell 16. It will be understood that the height direction indicated in the embodiment of the present invention refers to the height direction shown in fig. 1, and that the opposite upper end and the opposite lower end are indicated based on the view angle of fig. 1.

Compared with the prior art, the force sensor device 1 of the present embodiment firstly arranges four force sensors 16 along a rectangular outline between the first panel 11 and the second panel 14, and also arranges one force sensor 16 at the geometric center of the second panel 14; in the process of measurement, the threaded part 133 of the polish rod 131 is screwed in the corresponding threaded hole 15, the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 can be connected into a whole, five force sensors 16 are clamped between the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 according to arrangement positions, then the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 which are connected into a whole are placed between the sandwich structure 2 and the engineering structure for fixing, then dynamic load is applied to the sandwich structure 2, the sandwich structure 2 applies transmission force to the first panel 11, because the polish rod 131 is slidingly inserted in the through hole 12 (namely, the polish rod 131 is in clearance fit in the through hole 12), the first panel 11 can generate displacement moving towards the second panel 14 along the height direction under the action of the transmission force, and each force sensor 16 is ensured to deform along the height direction towards the second panel 14 when the transmission force is applied, so that the force sensors 16 distributed at five different areas are ensured to normally bear the force and self-generate dynamic load when the transmission force is applied by the sandwich structure 2, and the transmission force sensors are converted into the dynamic load is applied to the five different areas, and the dynamic load is acquired when the dynamic load is acquired by the five areas of the dynamic load is acquired, and the dynamic load is recorded in the different areas, and the dynamic load is respectively, and the dynamic load is acquired in the different areas is shown in the figure and the dynamic load is recorded in the different areas and the dynamic area and the dynamic load is respectively; and then conveniently acquire the transmission force distribution of five different area positions of sandwich structure 2 towards the terminal surface of first panel 11 to can calculate the resultant force of the transmission force of five different area positions of sandwich structure 2 thereby obtain holistic transmission force, realize the accurate measurement to the transmission force of large-scale sandwich structure 2 when loading dynamic load, and can obtain sandwich structure 2's barrier propterty through audio-visual atress analysis, be favorable to guiding design sandwich structure 2's application in actual protection engineering more. The first panel 11 and the second panel 14 are also detachably connected as a unit by means of the threaded connection of the threaded portion 133 and the threaded hole 15, and each load cell 16 is clamped between the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 in the arrangement position; after the work of measuring the transmission force is completed, the screw thread part 133 can be screwed off from the corresponding screw hole 15, the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 are separated, and each load cell 16 is taken down from between the first panel 11 and the second panel 14, so that the load cell device 1 of the embodiment when not in use can be detached, the occupied storage space is reduced, and when a certain component part of the load cell device 1 of the embodiment is damaged, only part of the damaged part is required to be replaced, the whole is not required to be replaced, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

The geometric center of the polygonal contour (particularly, the rectangular contour) and the geometric center of the second panel 14 are coincident.

In a specific application, the sizes and shapes of the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 can be reasonably selected and changed according to the actually measured sizes and shapes of the sandwich structure 2; the number of the force transducers 16 can be reasonably increased or reduced according to the sizes of the first panel 11 and the second panel 14, and the arrangement positions (polygonal outline) of the force transducers 16 are reasonably adjusted according to the number of the force transducers 16, so that the force transducer has better universality; for example, in other embodiments, when the dimensions of the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 are small, the number of load cells 16 is chosen to be four, the four load cells 16 being arranged on the second panel 14 at intervals along a triangular profile and at the geometric center of the second panel 14; when the dimensions of the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 are large, the number of load cells 16 is selected to be six, and the six load cells 16 are arranged on the second panel 14 at intervals along the pentagonal outline and at the geometric center of the second panel 14; if the number of load cells 16 is chosen to be seven, seven load cells 16 are arranged on the second panel 14 at intervals along the hexagonal profile and at the geometric center of the second panel 14.

As shown in fig. 2, specifically, the polish rod 131, the screw head 132 and the screw portion 133 are integrally formed, so that the polish rod 131, the screw head 132 and the screw portion 133 can be combined into a standardized screw, thereby facilitating standardized production and reducing manufacturing cost. To facilitate the screwing of the threaded portion 133 into the threaded hole 15 or the unscrewing thereof from the threaded hole 15 by applying a force, more specifically, an end face of the screw head 132 facing away from the polish rod 131 is provided with a linear groove 134.

It can be appreciated that in a specific application, the pellets can be launched by the light bubble device to act on the sandwich structure 2 at a certain impact speed, so as to realize the application of dynamic load to the sandwich structure 2; or by means of an explosive device by means of explosion to apply a dynamic load to the sandwich structure 2.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, a first mounting groove 141 is disposed at a position corresponding to each load cell 16 on an end face of the second panel 14 facing the first panel 11, and the first mounting groove 141 is parallel to the height direction and matches with an opposite lower end of the load cell 16 in the height direction. By inserting and fixing the opposite lower end parts of the force sensor 16 in the first mounting groove 141 for limiting, on one hand, in the process of connecting the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 into a whole by screwing the threaded part 133 and the threaded hole 15, the displacement of the force sensor 16 perpendicular to the height direction can be avoided, the position placement precision of the force sensor 16 is ensured, and the accuracy of measuring the transmission force of the positions of different areas of the large-size sandwich structure 2 when dynamic load is loaded is improved; on the other hand, the deformation of the force sensor 16 in the direction towards the second panel 14 along the height direction straight line under the extrusion of the first panel 11 can be ensured, so that the force sensor 16 can accurately deform and convert the deformation into a force data signal, and the accuracy of measuring the transmission force of the large-size sandwich structure 2 when loading dynamic load is improved. Meanwhile, because the opposite lower end portions of the load cell 16 are detachably connected (particularly, in an interference fit manner with smaller interference) and inserted into the first mounting groove 141, after the load cell device 1 of the present embodiment is used, the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 are separated, and then the load cell 16 is pulled out from the first mounting groove 141 by using smaller external force, so that the load cell device 1 of the present embodiment can be separated into various parts when not in use, so as to reduce the occupied storage space.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, each of the load cells 16 is electrically connected to the dynamic collection device through a data line 161, and the data line 161 is connected to a sidewall of an opposite lower end of the load cell 16 in the height direction; the distance from the connection part of the load cell 16 and the data line 161 to the opposite lower end surface of the load cell 16 in the height direction is greater than the depth of the first mounting groove 141; so as to realize that the part of the connection part of the force transducer 16 and the data line 161 is not inserted and fixed in the first mounting groove 141, avoid the data line 161 from being extruded and deformed by the surrounding wall of the first mounting groove 141, and thus facilitate the connection of the data line 161 and the dynamic acquisition instrument. It is understood that the cross-sectional shape of the first mounting groove 141 perpendicular to the height direction coincides with the cross-sectional shape of the opposite lower end of the load cell 16 perpendicular to the height direction.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments of the present invention, a second mounting groove 111 is disposed at a position corresponding to each load cell 16 on an end surface of the first panel 11 facing the second panel 14, and the second mounting groove 111 is parallel to the height direction and matches with an opposite upper end of the load cell 16 in the height direction. By fixing the opposite lower end part and the opposite upper end part of the force sensor 16 in the first mounting groove 141 and the second mounting groove 111 in a plugging manner respectively for limiting, the two ends of the force sensor 16 along the height direction are respectively limited, on one hand, the force sensor 16 can be ensured not to generate displacement perpendicular to the height direction in the process of connecting the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 into a whole, the position arrangement precision of the force sensor 16 is ensured, and the measurement accuracy of the transmission force of the positions of different areas of the large-size sandwich structure 2 when dynamic load is loaded is improved; on the other hand, the deformation of the load cell 16 in the direction towards the second panel 14 along the height direction straight line under the extrusion of the first panel 11 can be ensured, so that the load cell 16 can be more accurately deformed and converted into a force data signal, and the accuracy of measuring the transmission force of the large-size sandwich structure 2 when loading dynamic load is improved. It is understood that the shape of the sectional area of the second mounting groove 111 perpendicular to the height direction coincides with the shape of the sectional area of the opposite upper end of the load cell 16 perpendicular to the height direction.

The first mounting groove 141 does not penetrate the second panel 14, and the second mounting groove 111 does not penetrate the first panel 11.

As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments of the present invention, the through hole 12 is configured as a countersink, a large diameter portion 121 of the countersink is disposed at an end of the countersink facing away from the second panel 14, a diameter of the large diameter portion 121 is larger than a diameter of the screw head 132, and a depth of the large diameter portion 121 is larger than a thickness of the screw head 132. The large diameter part 121 is used for hiding the screw head 132, so that the screw head 132 is prevented from being exposed at the opposite upper end of the first panel 11 along the height direction, not only can a scratch test person be avoided, but also the first panel 11 and the sandwich structure 2 can be ensured to be fully contacted towards the end face of one end of the engineering structure, and the accuracy of measuring the transmission force of the large-size sandwich structure 2 when loading dynamic load is improved. It will be appreciated that the difference in dimension between the depth of the large diameter portion 121 and the thickness of the screw head 132 is greater than the maximum displacement of the first panel 11 in the height direction under the force of the transfer force to move toward the second panel 14.

Considering that the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 integrally connected are placed between the sandwich structure 2 and the engineering structure to bear the transmission force, in order to avoid that the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 are easily damaged under the transmission force, the service life of the load cell apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is prolonged; in some embodiments of the present invention, the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 are both made of high strength steel; specifically, the materials of the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 are one of 304 steel, low alloy high strength steel, and 7075 aluminum alloy.

The model of the load cell 16 is not limited in this embodiment, and in order to further improve the accuracy of measuring the transmission force of the large-sized sandwich structure 2 when loading dynamic load, the load cell 16 is configured as a column type resistance strain type load cell; of course, in particular applications, the load cell 16 may be selected from other types of sensors, such as, in other embodiments, the load cell 16 may be configured as a piezomagnetic force sensor, a spoke force sensor, or the like.

Example two

Fig. 1 to 6 show a measurement method provided in the present embodiment, which is applied to the load cell apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, and includes the following steps:

assembling the force sensor device 1, selecting a required number of force sensors 16, and placing the force sensors 16 on the opposite upper end surfaces of the second panel 14 in the height direction according to the set distribution positions; subsequently, the first panel 11 is aligned with the second panel 14 and placed on the opposite upper end surface of the load cell 16 in the height direction, and then the polished rod 131 is passed through the through hole 12 and the threaded portion 133 is screwed into the threaded hole 15, thereby obtaining the load cell device 1;

Selecting a support steel plate 3 and a sandwich structure 2, and mounting the support steel plate 3 on a mounting seat 41 for simulating an engineering structure, wherein the mounting seat 41 is fixed on the ground, then placing the force sensor device 1 on the opposite upper end surface of the support steel plate 3 along the height direction, wherein the support steel plate 3 is used for providing supporting force parallel to the height direction for the force sensor device 1, and then placing the sandwich structure 2 on the upper end surface of the first panel 11 along the height direction;

electrically connecting the load cell 16 to the dynamic acquisition instrument;

and starting a light air gun device to load dynamic load on the opposite upper end face of the sandwich structure 2 along the height direction, and recording the time course curve of the transfer force measured by each force transducer 16 through the dynamic acquisition instrument.

The measuring method of the present embodiment includes that firstly, four load cells 16 are arranged along a rectangular outline between a first panel 11 and a second panel 14 at intervals, and one load cell 16 is also arranged at the geometric center of the second panel 14; in the process of measurement, after the threaded portion 133 of the polish rod 131 is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole 15, the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 can be connected into a whole, five force sensors 16 are clamped between the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 according to the arrangement positions to form the force sensor device 1, then the integrally connected first panel 11 and second panel 14 are placed between the sandwich structure 2 and the supporting steel plate 3 for simulating the engineering structure to be fixed, the supporting steel plate 3 can provide supporting force parallel to the height direction for the system formed by the force sensor device 1 and the sandwich structure 2, then the light bubble device is started to apply dynamic load to the sandwich structure 2, the sandwich structure 2 applies transmitting force to the first panel 11 because the polish rod 131 is slidingly inserted in the through hole 12 (namely, the polish rod 131 is in clearance fit in the through hole 12), therefore, the first panel 11 can generate displacement towards the second panel 14 along the height direction under the action of the transfer force, so that the first panel 11 can press each force sensor 16 to deform along the height direction towards the second panel 14 when being subjected to the transfer force of the loaded dynamic load, the force sensors 16 distributed at five different area positions can deform and convert the normal force to force data signals when being subjected to the transfer force exerted by the sandwich structure 2, the force data signals obtained by the force sensors 16 distributed at five different area positions can be respectively captured and recorded by the dynamic acquisition instrument, and the time course curve of the transfer force at five different area positions in the complete loading dynamic load process is obtained at the same time (as shown in figure 4), the simulation measurement of the dynamic transmission force applied to five different areas of the engineering structure transmitted by the sandwich structure 2 is simultaneously completed; and then conveniently acquire the transmission force distribution of five different area positions of sandwich structure 2 towards the terminal surface of first panel 11 to can calculate the resultant force of the transmission force of five different area positions of sandwich structure 2 thereby obtain holistic transmission force, realize the accurate measurement to the transmission force of large-scale sandwich structure 2 when loading dynamic load, and can obtain sandwich structure 2's barrier propterty through audio-visual atress analysis, be favorable to guiding design sandwich structure 2's application in actual protection engineering more. Secondly, because the strength of the supporting steel plate 3 in the measuring method of the embodiment is high, the deformation of the supporting steel plate 3 in the process of loading dynamic load to measure the transmission force is very tiny and negligible, so that the supporting steel plate 3 cannot participate in the energy consumption in the dynamic load loading process, thereby ensuring that the transmission force of the dynamic load applied to the sandwich structure 2 is completely transmitted to the force sensor device 1, further ensuring that the force sensor device 1 can accurately capture all the transmission force of the sandwich structure 2 when loading the dynamic load, and ensuring the accuracy of the analog measurement quantity of the force sensor device 1; the transmission force measured by the force sensor device 1 can be regarded as the transmission force which the engineering structure will receive under the same load working condition, and the protective performance of the sandwich structure 2 can be obtained through visual stress analysis, which is more beneficial to guiding the application of the sandwich structure 2 in actual protective engineering. Removably connecting the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 as one body again by screwing the screw portion 133 and the screw hole 15, and clamping each load cell 16 between the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 in the arrangement position; after the work of measuring the transmission force is completed, the screw thread part 133 can be screwed off from the corresponding screw hole 15, the first panel 11 and the second panel 14 are separated, and each force sensor 16 is taken down from between the first panel 11 and the second panel 14, so that the force sensor device 1 when not in use can be detached, the occupied storage space is reduced, and when a certain component part of the force sensor device 1 used in the measuring method of the embodiment is damaged, only part of the damaged part is needed to be replaced, the whole is not needed to be replaced, and the maintenance cost is reduced. Finally, when the force transducer device 1 in the measuring method of the present embodiment is assembled, only the force transducers 16 are required to be placed on the second panel 14 according to the arrangement positions, the second panel 14 is connected with the first panel 11 into a whole by screwing the threaded portion 133 and the threaded hole 15, and the force transducers 16 are pressed between the first panel 11 and the second panel 14, so that the whole assembling process is simple and convenient to operate, the measuring operation difficulty of the measuring method of the present embodiment is further reduced, and the measuring efficiency is improved.

In order to further improve the strength of the supporting steel plate 3, the supporting steel plate 3 is ensured not to deform in the process of performing a measurement test and participate in the energy consumption in the dynamic load loading process; specifically, the end surface of the support steel plate 3 facing away from the load cell device 1 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs are distributed in a cross-shaped grid shape and are abutted against the mounting seat 41.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in some embodiments of the present invention, the construction method further includes a compacting plate 42, where the compacting plate 42 is detachably connected to the supporting steel plate 3, the compacting plate 42 is attached to an opposite upper end surface of the sandwich structure 2 along a height direction and is used for applying a compacting force parallel to the height direction to the sandwich structure 2, a through slot 422 is formed in a middle portion of the compacting plate 42 along the height direction, and the through slot 422 is used for passing a projectile emitted by the light air cannon device;

after the sandwich structure 2 is placed on the upper end surface of the first panel 11 along the height direction, and before the light air gun device is started, the pressing plate 42 is detachably connected to one end of the supporting steel plate 3, which faces the sandwich structure 2, and the pressing plate 42 is abutted and pressed on the opposite upper end surface of the sandwich structure 2 along the height direction. Through the relative up end butt laminating of sandwich structure 2 along the direction of height has the compressive force that is used for applys being on a parallel with the direction of height to sandwich structure 2, ensure that sandwich structure 2 and force transducer device 1 can not produce the displacement of perpendicular to the direction of height in the in-process of taking the measurement to ensure to remain throughout laminating butt state between sandwich structure 2 and the first panel 11, and then ensure the accuracy of the measurement of the transmission force of each different regional position when loading dynamic load to large-scale sandwich structure 2, the analysis that can be accurate obtains sandwich structure 2's protective properties, more be favorable to guiding the application of design sandwich structure 2 in actual protection engineering. Meanwhile, through the through groove 422 penetrating through the middle part of the compacting plate 42 along the height direction, the set dynamic load is fully loaded on the sandwich structure 2 through the light air cannon device, so that the protective performance of the sandwich structure 2 can be ensured to be accurately obtained through analysis. Because the hold-down plate 42 is detachably connected with the supporting steel plate 3, after the measurement work is completed, the hold-down plate 42 and the original sandwich structure 2 are detached, and after a new sandwich structure 2 to be measured is placed, the hold-down plate 42 is connected again, so that the rapid measurement of the protective performance of different sandwich structures 2 is realized.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the supporting steel plate 3 is detachably connected to the mounting base 41; the support steel plates 3 with different thicknesses are convenient to disassemble and repair or replace according to the dynamic load to be loaded.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in some embodiments of the present invention, twelve threaded rods 43 are preferably arranged at intervals along the outline of the mounting seat 41 on the end surface of the mounting seat 41 facing the supporting steel plate 3, each threaded rod 43 is parallel to the height direction, first through holes are correspondingly formed on the end surface of the supporting steel plate 3 facing the mounting seat 41 at positions corresponding to the threaded rods 43 one by one, when the mounting seat is assembled, the threaded rods 43 penetrate through the first through holes and are screwed with first nuts 44, and one ends of the first nuts 44 are attached to the end surface of the supporting steel plate 3 facing away from the mounting seat 41; the hold-down plate 42 is towards the one end face of the supporting steel plate 3 corresponds the position of threaded rod 43 is provided with the second perforation 421 in one-to-one correspondence, during the assembly, threaded rod 43 pass second perforation 421 and connect soon second nut 45, the one end of second nut 45 laminate in hold-down plate 42 deviates from the one end face of supporting steel plate 3. Can dismantle through same threaded rod 43 and be connected supporting steel plate 3 and pressure strip 42, simple structure reduces the cost of manufacture, and can ensure that supporting steel plate 3 and pressure strip 42 after connecting can not produce the displacement of perpendicular to direction of height to ensure fully compress tightly sandwich structure 2 and force transducer device 1, ensure to remain throughout laminating butt state between sandwich structure 2 and the first panel 11, and then ensure the accuracy of the measurement of the transmission force to each different zone position of large-size sandwich structure 2 when loading dynamic load, the analysis that can be accurate obtains sandwich structure 2's protective properties.

It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A load cell apparatus for analog measurement of a transfer force applied to a protected engineering structure when a sandwich structure (2) is loaded with dynamic loads, the load cell apparatus (1) being adapted to be arranged between the sandwich structure (2) and the engineering structure; characterized in that the load cell apparatus (1) comprises:

the first panel (11) is used for being attached to one end of the sandwich structure (2) facing the engineering structure along the height direction; a plurality of through holes (12) are arranged on the first panel (11) at intervals along the outline of the first panel (11), and the through holes (12) penetrate through the first panel (11) along the height direction; a polish rod (131) is inserted in each through hole (12) in a sliding manner, screw heads (132) and screw thread parts (133) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the polish rod (131) in the height direction, and the diameter of each screw head (132) is larger than that of each through hole (12);

The second panel (14) is used for being attached to one end of the engineering structure, which faces the sandwich structure (2) along the height direction; the second panels (14) are arranged right below the first panels (11) along the height direction, threaded holes (15) are correspondingly formed in the positions, corresponding to the through holes (12), of one end face of each second panel (14) facing the first panel (11), and the threaded holes (15) are matched with the threaded portions (133);

a plurality of load cells (16), each disposed parallel to Gao Dubu between the first panel (11) and the second panel (14), the plurality of load cells (16) being arranged on the second panel (14) at intervals along a polygonal profile and disposed at a geometric center of the second panel (14); -the load cell (16) is adapted to measure the transfer force to the first panel (11) when a dynamic load is applied to the sandwich structure (2);

the dynamic acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the force transducers (16) and is used for recording time course curves of the transmission force measured by each force transducer (16).

2. A load cell apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a first mounting recess (141) is provided in a position of the second panel (14) facing the first panel (11) at an end face thereof corresponding to each of the load cells (16), and the first mounting recess (141) is parallel to the height direction and is matched with an opposite lower end of the load cell (16) in the height direction.

3. A load cell apparatus according to claim 2, wherein each of said load cells (16) is electrically connected to said dynamic collection instrument via a data line (161), and a distance from a junction of said load cell (16) and said data line (161) in a height direction to an opposite lower end face of said load cell (16) is greater than a depth of said first mounting groove (141).

4. A load cell apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a second mounting recess (111) is provided at a position corresponding to each load cell (16) on an end face of the first panel (11) facing the second panel (14), the second mounting recess (111) being parallel to the height direction and being matched with an opposite upper end of the load cell (16) in the height direction.

5. A load cell apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the through hole (12) is provided as a countersink, a large diameter portion (121) of the countersink is provided at an end of the countersink facing away from the second panel (14), a diameter of the large diameter portion (121) is larger than a diameter of the screw head (132), and a depth of the large diameter portion (121) is larger than a thickness of the screw head (132).

6. The force sensor apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first panel (11) and the second panel (14) are each made of a high-strength steel material, and the first panel (11) and the second panel (14) are each made of one of 304 steel, low-alloy high-strength steel, and 7075 aluminum alloy.

7. A measuring method applied to a load cell apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the measuring method comprises the steps of:

assembling the force transducer device (1), selecting a required number of force transducers (16), and placing the force transducers (16) on the opposite upper end surfaces of the second panel (14) along the height direction according to the set distribution positions; subsequently, the first panel (11) is aligned with the second panel (14) and is placed on the opposite upper end face of the force transducer (16) along the height direction, and then the polished rod (131) is penetrated through the through hole (12) and the threaded part (133) is screwed in the threaded hole (15), so that the force transducer device (1) can be obtained;

selecting a supporting steel plate (3) and a sandwich structure (2), mounting the supporting steel plate (3) on a mounting seat (41) for simulating an engineering structure, fixing the mounting seat (41) on the ground, then placing the force sensor device (1) on the opposite upper end face of the supporting steel plate (3) along the height direction, providing supporting force parallel to the height direction for the force sensor device (1) by the supporting steel plate (3), and then placing the sandwich structure (2) on the upper end face of the first panel (11) along the height direction;

Electrically connecting the load cell (16) to the dynamic acquisition instrument;

and starting a light air gun device to load dynamic load on the opposite upper end face of the sandwich structure (2) along the height direction, and recording a time course curve of the transfer force measured by each force transducer (16) through the dynamic acquisition instrument.

8. The measuring method according to claim 7, further comprising a compacting plate (42), wherein the compacting plate (42) is detachably connected with the supporting steel plate (3), the compacting plate (42) is attached to the opposite upper end face of the sandwich structure (2) along the height direction and is used for applying a compacting force parallel to the height direction to the sandwich structure (2), a through groove (422) is formed in the middle of the compacting plate (42) in the height direction in a penetrating manner, and the through groove (422) is used for allowing a projectile emitted by the light air cannon device to pass through;

after the sandwich structure (2) is placed on the upper end face of the first panel (11) along the height direction, before the light air gun device is started, the pressing plate (42) is detachably connected to one end, facing the sandwich structure (2), of the supporting steel plate (3), and the pressing plate (42) is abutted and pressed on the opposite upper end face of the sandwich structure (2) along the height direction.

9. A measuring method according to claim 8, characterized in that the supporting steel plate (3) is detachably connected to the mounting base (41).

10. A measuring method according to claim 9, characterized in that the mounting base (41) is provided with a plurality of threaded rods (43) along the outline thereof at intervals towards one end face of the supporting steel plate (3), each threaded rod (43) is arranged parallel to the height direction, the position of one end face of the supporting steel plate (3) towards the mounting base (41) corresponding to the threaded rod (43) is provided with first through holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner, when the measuring method is assembled, the threaded rods (43) penetrate through the first through holes and are screwed with first nuts (44), and one end of each first nut (44) is attached to one end face of the supporting steel plate (3) deviating from the mounting base (41); the utility model discloses a support steel plate (3) is provided with the one-to-one correspondence of the position of screw rod (43) towards hold-down plate (42) one end terminal surface, during the assembly, screw rod (43) pass second perforation (421) and connect soon second nut (45), the one end laminating of second nut (45 in hold-down plate (42) deviate from the one end terminal surface of support steel plate (3).