CN116857225A - Centrifugal blade with spanwise parabolic thickness distribution and design method - Google Patents

Centrifugal blade with spanwise parabolic thickness distribution and design method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116857225A
CN116857225A CN202310653834.1A CN202310653834A CN116857225A CN 116857225 A CN116857225 A CN 116857225A CN 202310653834 A CN202310653834 A CN 202310653834A CN 116857225 A CN116857225 A CN 116857225A
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China
Prior art keywords
blade
thickness
spanwise
impeller
centrifugal
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CN202310653834.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨旭
何家祥
李茂义
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Qinghang Aerospace Beijing Technology Co ltd
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Qinghang Aerospace Beijing Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202310653834.1A priority Critical patent/CN116857225A/en
Publication of CN116857225A publication Critical patent/CN116857225A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/30—Vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
    • F02C3/08—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor the compressor comprising at least one radial stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/666—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by means of rotor construction or layout, e.g. unequal distribution of blades or vanes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a centrifugal blade with spanwise parabolic thickness distribution, which is arranged on a centrifugal compressor impeller, wherein the centrifugal compressor impeller comprises a main blade and a splitter blade, and the spanwise thickness distribution control function of the main blade is as follows: the vane has the advantages of reducing vane thickness near vane tip by changing the thickness distribution of centrifugal vane in the spanwise direction, and enhancing vane front edge to supersonic speed gasThe adaptive capacity of the flow weakens the shock wave loss of the inlet part of the transonic impeller, can achieve larger air flow under the same inlet area, reduces the weight of the blades, reduces the centrifugal stress of the root parts of the blades, enhances the aerodynamic performance and the structural strength in the compressor, and further improves the aerodynamic efficiency of the impeller.

Description

Centrifugal blade with spanwise parabolic thickness distribution and design method
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of aeroengines, and particularly relates to a centrifugal impeller blade with a parabolic thickness in a spanwise direction and a design method.
Background
In the field of medium and small aeroengines, the centrifugal compressor has a series of advantages of high single-stage pressure ratio, fewer parts, compact structure, high reliability and the like, and is widely applied. With the higher demands on aeroengine performance, the pressure ratio requirements for the compressor are becoming higher, however, there are certain limitations in the design of high pressure ratios. In the pneumatic design, the relative Mach number at the top of an inlet blade of the centrifugal compressor is overlarge due to the high pressure ratio, generally, the supersonic airflow is a supersonic airflow, shock wave loss is caused by the existence of supersonic speed, the impeller inlet loss is aggravated by the interaction of shock waves and the boundary layer, and the impeller efficiency is reduced; in structural design, the high pressure ratio makes centrifugal impeller trailing edge linear velocity great, leads to the blade root centrifugal stress great, if surpassing the allowable stress of material, can lead to the fracture of blade.
The existing centrifugal compressor blade spanwise stacking is mostly linear stacking, and the problem of stress at the root of the blade is mainly solved by increasing the thickness of the blade, but the scheme can increase the thickness of the blade at other positions, and reduces the pneumatic performance of the impeller and the problem of air inlet flow.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide an impeller blade of a centrifugal compressor of a medium-small aeroengine, which is applicable to high pressure ratio, large flow rate and high specific rotation speed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the application aims to reduce the thickness of the blades near the blade tips by changing the thickness distribution of the centrifugal blades in the spanwise direction, enhance the adaptability of the front edges of the blades to supersonic airflow, weaken the shock wave loss of the inlet part of the transonic impeller, simultaneously achieve larger air flow under the same inlet area, reduce the weight of the blades and reduce the centrifugal stress of the blade roots, thereby having an enhancement effect on the aerodynamic performance and the structural strength in the compressor. The centrifugal compressor is particularly suitable for the centrifugal compressors of medium and small aeroengines with high pressure ratio, large flow and high specific speed and medium and small gas turbines.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a centrifugal blade having a spanwise parabolic thickness distribution, the blade being mounted on a centrifugal compressor impeller, the centrifugal compressor impeller comprising a plurality of pairs of blade groups distributed alternately at equal intervals along the circumference of the impeller, each pair of blade groups comprising a main blade and a splitter blade, the main blade and the splitter blade being identical in shape and different in length, the splitter blade having a length of 60% -70% of the length of the main blade,
the distribution control function of the main blade spanwise thickness is as follows:
wherein V is span Representing the thickness of the blades at different blade heights;
span represents the relative position of the spanwise direction of the blade;
V s representing blade thickness at the tip;
V h representing blade thickness at the blade root;
ln () is a logarithmic function;
m represents the relative position of the impeller flow direction;
a (M) is a blade thickness distribution control coefficient.
The centrifugal impeller blade with the spanwise parabolic thickness provided by the application is also characterized in that different axial positions of the thickness of the blade on a meridian plane are provided with different thickness distribution control functions, and the number of the thickness distribution control functions is not less than 2.
The centrifugal impeller blade with the spanwise parabolic thickness provided by the application is further characterized in that the number of the thickness distribution control functions is 3 at the front edge of the blade, 50% of the meridian plane and the tail edge of the blade respectively.
Another object of the present application is to provide a method of designing a centrifugal impeller blade having a spanwise parabolic thickness as defined in any one of the preceding claims, the method comprising:
constructing a thickness distribution curve of the blade root position and a thickness distribution curve of the blade top position of the impeller by taking the axial direction of the impeller of the centrifugal engine as an abscissa and the thickness of the blade as an ordinate;
selecting thickness distribution control coefficients of blades at different impeller flow direction positions to finish definition of curve functions of different flow direction positions;
calculating the thickness distribution of the blades at different blade spanwise directions according to the distribution function of the blade spanwise thickness;
and according to the thickness distribution of the blades at the spanwise positions of different blades, carrying out thickness correction on the impeller to obtain the three-dimensional configuration of the centrifugal blade with the spanwise parabolic thickness distribution.
The design method provided by the application is characterized in that the thickness of the blade is gradually increased from the front edge, reaches the maximum thickness at the position of 30% -50% of the blade flow direction, and then gradually decreases to the tail edge of the blade.
The design method provided by the application also has the characteristic that the value of the control function A (M) is between 0 and 1.
The design method provided by the application also has the characteristics that the span takes the value of 0-1 to carry out the difference value, and V is taken when 0 is taken span Is the thickness of the blade root; when 1 is taken, V span Is the tip thickness.
Advantageous effects
According to the centrifugal impeller blade with the spanwise parabolic thickness, the thickness distribution of the spanwise direction of the centrifugal blade is changed, the thickness of the blade near the top of the blade is reduced, the adaptability of the front edge of the blade to supersonic airflow is enhanced, the shock wave loss of the inlet part of the transonic impeller is weakened, meanwhile, larger air flow can be achieved under the same inlet area, the weight of the blade is reduced, the centrifugal stress of the root of the blade is reduced, the aerodynamic performance and the structural strength in the compressor are enhanced, and the aerodynamic efficiency of the impeller is further improved.
According to the design method of the centrifugal impeller blade with the spanwise parabolic thickness distribution, the difference of the thickness requirements of the blade along the spanwise position is fully considered in the design of the centrifugal impeller blade, the strength requirements of the blade root of the centrifugal blade and the aerodynamic requirements of the blade tip are met through the nonlinear thickness distribution of the blade, and the centrifugal impeller designed through the method has higher aerodynamic efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional centrifugal impeller with spanwise parabolic thickness distribution according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a meridian plane of a three-dimensional centrifugal impeller with spanwise parabolic thickness distribution provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a centrifugal impeller blade having a spanwise parabolic thickness;
figure 4 is a schematic view of a spanwise parabolic thickness distribution in an embodiment of the present application,
wherein, 100: a main blade; 200: a splitter blade; 1: a blade leading edge; 2: blade trailing edge; 3: leaf tops; 4: blade root.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not limiting, and functional, method, or structural equivalents or alternatives according to these embodiments are within the scope of protection of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
The terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The technical scheme provided by the application has the following related technical terms:
centrifugal compressor: the air compressor is one kind of rotary machine for compressing air, and the centrifugal air compressor is also called radial flow air compressor, and is one kind of radial air compressor with axial air inlet and radial air outlet. Centrifugal compressors are typically composed of an inlet, impeller, diffuser, and volute.
An impeller: the flow of air, consisting of the disk and the blades thereon, follows the path consisting of the disk, the casing and the blades and in the process converts the mechanical work absorbed from the rotating impeller into pressure (potential energy) and velocity (kinetic energy). The working impeller is the most main part of the compressor, and the quality of the working impeller plays a decisive role on the characteristics of the compressor.
And (3) a blade: the air compressor works on the air flow and guides the air flow direction, and the modeling design of the air compressor mainly designs the shape of the blade, including inlet and outlet structure parameters, angle distribution, thickness distribution and the like.
Impeller meridian: i.e. through the plane of the impeller axis, each point is rotated to the same axial plane around the axis, and the coordinates are r and z.
Blade spanwise: i.e. the blade height direction, i.e. the direction r, from the blade root to the blade tip in fig. 2 is the spanwise direction of the blade.
Blade flow direction: from the inlet to the outlet.
Blade leading edge: and a blade inlet.
Blade trailing edge: and a blade outlet.
Blade axial: and a z direction.
Leaf top: i.e. the blade top.
Blade root: i.e. the blade root.
Blade tip: the top of the leading edge of the blade.
Specific rotation speed: number of dimensionless versions of the impeller.
The embodiment of the application provides a centrifugal blade with a spanwise parabolic thickness distribution, which is arranged on a centrifugal compressor impeller, wherein the centrifugal compressor impeller comprises a plurality of pairs of blade groups which are distributed in a crossed manner at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the impeller, each pair of blade groups comprises a main blade 100 and a splitter blade 200, the main blade 100 and the splitter blade 200 have the same shape and different lengths, the length of the splitter blade 200 is 60% -70% of the length of the main blade 100,
the distribution control function of the spanwise thickness of the main blade 100 is:
wherein V is span Representing the thickness of the blades at different blade heights;
span represents the relative position of the spanwise direction of the blade;
V s representing blade thickness at the tip 3;
V h representing the blade thickness at the blade root 4;
ln () is a logarithmic function;
m represents the relative position of the impeller flow direction;
a (M) is a blade thickness distribution control coefficient. In some embodiments, the blade thickness has different thickness distribution control functions at different axial positions on the meridian plane, the number of thickness distribution control functions being not less than 2.
In some embodiments, the number of thickness distribution control functions is 3 at the blade leading edge 1, at 50% of the meridian plane and at the blade trailing edge 2, respectively.
In some embodiments, there is provided a method of designing a centrifugal impeller blade having a spanwise parabolic thickness as in any one of the preceding claims, the method comprising:
constructing a thickness distribution curve V of the impeller blade root 4 position by taking the axial direction of the impeller of the centrifugal compressor as the abscissa and the thickness of the blade as the ordinate h Thickness profile V of the tip 3 position s ；
Selecting thickness distribution control coefficients A (M) of blades at different impeller flow direction positions to finish the definition of different flow direction position curve functions; the control coefficients A (M) are shown in the following table:
flow direction position M% Control coefficient A (M)
0％ 0.08
50％ 0.1
100％ 0.5
Calculating the thickness distribution of the blades at different blade spanwise directions according to the distribution function of the blade spanwise thickness;
and according to the thickness distribution of the blades at the spanwise positions of different blades, carrying out thickness correction on the impeller to obtain the three-dimensional configuration of the centrifugal blade with the spanwise parabolic thickness distribution.
In the embodiment, the initial centrifugal impeller blade is used as a basis for modeling, and the thickness distribution function of the spanwise direction of the blades at different axial positions is adjusted, so that the thickness of the blades is reduced, the adaptability of the tip of the centrifugal impeller to supersonic airflow is enhanced, and shock wave and secondary flow losses are reduced. Meanwhile, the centrifugal stress of the root of the blade is reduced, different requirements of the blade strength along the airflow direction of the blade are met, and the nonlinear controllable blade thickness distribution characteristic is formed.
In some embodiments, the blade thickness at the blade root and tip increases gradually from the blade leading edge 1 to a maximum thickness at a position of 30% -50% of the blade flow direction and then decreases gradually to the blade trailing edge 2.
In some embodiments, the control function A (M) has a value between 0 and 1.
In some embodiments, span is interpolated between 0 and 1, V when 0 is taken span Is the thickness of the blade root; when 1 is taken, V span Is the tip thickness.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the application.

Claims (7)

1. A centrifugal blade with a spanwise parabolic thickness distribution, the blade being mounted on a centrifugal compressor impeller, characterized in that the centrifugal compressor impeller comprises a plurality of pairs of blade sets distributed alternately at equal intervals along the circumference of the impeller, each pair of blade sets comprising a main blade and a splitter blade, the main blade and the splitter blade being identical in shape and different in length, the splitter blade having a length of 60% -70% of the length of the main blade,
the distribution control function of the main blade spanwise thickness is as follows:
wherein V is span Representing the thickness of the blades at different blade heights;
span represents the relative position of the spanwise direction of the blade;
V s representing blade thickness at the tip;
V h representing blade thickness at the blade root;
ln () is a logarithmic function;
m represents the relative position of the impeller flow direction;
a (M) is a blade thickness distribution control coefficient.
2. The centrifugal impeller blade having a spanwise parabolic thickness according to claim 1, wherein different axial positions of the blade thickness on the meridian plane have different thickness distribution control functions, the number of thickness distribution control functions being not less than 2.
3. A centrifugal impeller blade with spanwise parabolic thickness according to claim 2, wherein the number of thickness distribution control functions is 3 at the blade leading edge, at 50% of the meridian plane and at the blade trailing edge, respectively.
4. A method of designing a centrifugal impeller blade having a spanwise parabolic thickness according to any one of claims 1-3, the method comprising:
constructing a thickness distribution curve of the blade root position and a thickness distribution curve of the blade top position of the impeller by taking the axial direction of the impeller of the centrifugal compressor as an abscissa and the thickness of the blade as an ordinate;
selecting thickness distribution control coefficients of blades at different impeller flow direction positions to finish definition of curve functions of different flow direction positions;
calculating the thickness distribution of the blades at different blade spanwise directions according to the distribution function of the blade spanwise thickness;
and according to the thickness distribution of the blades at the spanwise positions of different blades, carrying out thickness correction on the impeller to obtain the three-dimensional configuration of the centrifugal blade with the spanwise parabolic thickness distribution.
5. The method of designing according to claim 4, wherein the blade thickness at the root and tip positions increases gradually from the leading edge, reaches a maximum thickness at 30% -50% of the blade flow direction, and then decreases gradually to the trailing edge.
6. The design method according to claim 4, wherein the control function A (M) has a value between 0 and 1.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the span is interpolated between 0 and 1, and V is taken as 0 span Is the thickness of the blade root; when 1 is taken, V span Is the tip thickness.
CN202310653834.1A 2023-06-02 2023-06-02 Centrifugal blade with spanwise parabolic thickness distribution and design method Pending CN116857225A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310653834.1A CN116857225A (en) 2023-06-02 2023-06-02 Centrifugal blade with spanwise parabolic thickness distribution and design method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310653834.1A CN116857225A (en) 2023-06-02 2023-06-02 Centrifugal blade with spanwise parabolic thickness distribution and design method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116857225A true CN116857225A (en) 2023-10-10

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Country Status (1)

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