CN116855713A - Continuous heat treatment device and heat treatment process for anchor chain - Google Patents
Continuous heat treatment device and heat treatment process for anchor chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN116855713A CN116855713A CN202310940753.XA CN202310940753A CN116855713A CN 116855713 A CN116855713 A CN 116855713A CN 202310940753 A CN202310940753 A CN 202310940753A CN 116855713 A CN116855713 A CN 116855713A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 272
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 272
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 215
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0087—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for chains, for chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/52—Methods of heating with flames
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
- C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/001—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of heat treatment of long-chain section steel, in particular to a continuous heat treatment device and a heat treatment process for an anchor chain. The continuous heat treatment device for the anchor chain comprises a quenching furnace and a tempering furnace, wherein a quenching tank is arranged between the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace, and anchor chain transmission equipment is arranged at two ends of the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace; the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace are internally divided into a preheating section, a soaking section and a heating section by refractory cotton felt curtains, and burners are arranged at the positions of the heating sections of the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace; a heat transfer pipeline I is arranged between the soaking section and the preheating section, a heat transfer pipeline II is arranged in the preheating section, the other end of the heat transfer pipeline II is connected with a plate heat exchanger, and the plate heat exchanger is connected with a heating section from a heat transfer pipeline III after heat exchange. The process combines the quenching process and the tempering process, saves time, increases a waste heat recycling system, and accords with the industrial policy of energy conservation and consumption reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of heat treatment of long-chain section steel, in particular to a continuous heat treatment device and a heat treatment process for an anchor chain.
Background
The mooring long anchor chain member for the ship needs good corrosion resistance because the mooring long anchor chain member is immersed in seawater for a long time, so that the anchor chain has high requirements on the structure, and researches show that the structure of the anchor chain can be greatly improved and the corrosion resistance of the anchor chain can be improved after the anchor chain is subjected to strict tempering (quenching and tempering) heat treatment.
Two processes of traditional quenching and tempering, namely quenching and tempering, are two independent heat treatment processes, and the quenching and tempering heat treatment is realized at intervals by using a heat treatment furnace in a heat treatment workshop of an anchor chain, namely the heat treatment furnace is used for quenching for a period of time, and the chain parts subjected to the quenching treatment reach a certain number, and the heat treatment furnace is used for tempering heat treatment in a furnace of which the temperature is regulated; in addition, because the adopted heat treatment furnace is a vertical furnace, after the anchor chain is conveyed to a high place by the conveying equipment, the anchor chain enters the heat treatment furnace through the furnace top of the heat treatment furnace, and because the height of the heat treatment furnace is generally higher, the anchor chain is conveyed to a high place, and the operation difficulty of the equipment is increased; the traditional anchor chain heat treatment furnace adopts electric heating, no matter electric resistance heating or induction heating, no waste heat recovery measures are adopted, so that the electric heating energy consumption is high, the heat efficiency is low, electric heating equipment is low, an electric heating element is easy to damage, and the maintenance cost of the electric heating heat treatment furnace is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a continuous heat treatment device and a heat treatment process for an anchor chain, wherein the process combines two independent process links of a quenching process and a tempering process, so that the time is saved, a waste heat recycling system is increased, the energy consumption can be effectively reduced, and the industrial policy of energy conservation and consumption reduction is met.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the application discloses an anchor chain continuous heat treatment device which comprises a quenching furnace and a tempering furnace, wherein a quenching tank is arranged between the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace, anchor chain transmission equipment is arranged at both ends of the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace, the inside of a furnace body is divided into a preheating section, a soaking section and a heating section by a refractory cotton felt curtain in the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace, and burners are arranged at the positions of the heating sections of the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace.
The quenching furnace is divided into a quenching preheating section, a quenching soaking section and a quenching heating section, a quenching heat transfer pipeline I is arranged between the quenching soaking section and the quenching preheating section, a quenching heat transfer pipeline II is arranged on the quenching preheating section, the other end of the quenching heat transfer pipeline II is connected with the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger, and the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger is connected with the nozzle of the quenching heating section through a quenching heat transfer pipeline III.
The tempering furnace is divided into a tempering preheating section, a tempering soaking section and a tempering heating section, a tempering heat transfer pipeline I is arranged between the tempering soaking section and the tempering preheating section, a tempering heat transfer pipeline II is arranged in the tempering preheating section, the other end of the tempering heat transfer pipeline II is connected with the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger, and the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger is connected with the tempering heating section through a tempering heat transfer pipeline III.
The anchor chain is driven by an anchor chain transmission device of the quenching furnace to move in the quenching furnace, and the anchor chain sequentially passes through a quenching preheating section, a quenching heating section and a quenching soaking section in the quenching furnace; and then the anchor chain is driven by an anchor chain transmission device of the tempering furnace to enter the quenching tank and move in the tempering furnace, and the anchor chain sequentially passes through a tempering preheating section, a tempering heating section and a tempering soaking section in the tempering furnace.
Preferably, the anchor chain transmission device comprises rotating shaft teeth, the rotating shaft teeth are driven by a motor to rotate, and the width of the rotating shaft teeth is smaller than the inner diameter of the anchor chain link.
Preferably, the refractory cotton felt curtain comprises a fixed area and a movable area, wherein the fixed area is fixed on the furnace wall through screws, and a plurality of gaps penetrating from top to bottom are formed in the refractory cotton felt curtain of the movable area.
Preferably, the burner at the heating section of the quenching furnace adopts a straight flame burner.
Preferably, the burner of the heating section of the tempering furnace adopts a half-direct flame-half-flat flame combined burner, and the tempering furnace both adopt horizontal heat treatment furnaces.
Preferably, the quenching heat transfer pipeline I between the quenching preheating section and the quenching heating section is connected with the quenching preheating section through four branch pipelines, and two adjacent branch pipelines are arranged at an interval of 90 degrees; and a tempering heat transfer pipeline I between the tempering preheating section and the tempering heating section is connected with the tempering preheating section through four branch pipelines, and two adjacent branch pipelines are arranged at an interval of 90 degrees.
In the heat treatment device, the heat treatment process is shortened, two independent heat treatment processes are combined together, energy is saved, and a large amount of time is saved. The anchor chain transmission equipment drives the anchor chain to move, and the shaft teeth on the anchor chain transmission equipment are inserted into chain rings of the anchor chain, so that the anchor chain continuously advances along with the continuous rotation of the anchor chain transmission equipment, and quenching and tempering treatments are sequentially carried out, so that the corrosion resistance of the anchor chain is improved.
In the quenching process of the anchor chain, the anchor chain sequentially passes through a quenching preheating section, a quenching heating section and a quenching soaking section, the temperature of the anchor chain reaches the highest in the quenching heating section, and a refractory cotton felt curtain is arranged between the sections and has a refractory heat insulation effect to partition the space of a furnace body of the quenching furnace. The quenching and soaking section utilizes the temperature of the quenching and heating section in a heat radiation mode, a quenching furnace heat transfer pipeline I is arranged between the quenching and soaking section and the quenching furnace preheating section, and the flue gas of the quenching and soaking section enters the quenching and preheating section to preheat an anchor chain. In order to improve the heat transfer efficiency, a fan is arranged in the heat transfer pipeline I of the quenching furnace, and the existence of the fan can promote the flue gas to flow from the quenching soaking section to the quenching preheating section. The flue gas entering the quenching preheating section enters the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger along with the quenching heat transfer pipeline II, and air enters the quenching heating section from the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger as a fuel gas combustion improver along with the quenching heat transfer pipeline III after heat exchange.
After leaving the quenching furnace, the anchor chain enters the quenching tank and enters the tempering furnace. In the tempering furnace, the anchor chain sequentially passes through a tempering preheating section, a tempering heating section and a tempering soaking section, and the arrangement of each section of the anchor chain and the smoke travelling path are consistent with those in the tempering furnace.
Based on the heat treatment device, the corresponding heat treatment process is as follows: (1) The chain ring hook of the anchor chain is driven to continuously advance on the shaft teeth of the anchor chain transmission device and sequentially passes through the quenching preheating section, the quenching heating section and the quenching soaking section.
The burner of the quenching heating section is connected with natural gas, heat is provided by continuous combustion in the quenching heating section, a refractory cotton felt curtain is arranged between the quenching soaking section and the quenching heating section, and flue gas carrying heat enters the quenching soaking section from a notch of the refractory cotton felt curtain to ensure the temperature of the quenching soaking section; a quenching heat transfer pipeline I is arranged between the quenching soaking section and the quenching preheating section, and the flue gas carrying heat is pumped from the quenching soaking section to the quenching preheating section by a fan.
The temperature interval of the quenching preheating section is as follows: the temperature of the quenching heating section is 300-400 ℃, and the temperature of the quenching heating section is as follows: the temperature of the quenching soaking section is 920-960 ℃, and the temperature of the quenching soaking section is: 880-900 ℃.
(2) The anchor chain transmission equipment of the tempering furnace continuously rotates to drive the anchor chain to sequentially pass through the quenching bath and the preheating section, the heating section and the soaking section of the tempering furnace.
The burner of the tempering heating section is connected with natural gas, heat is provided by continuous combustion in the tempering heating section, a fireproof cotton felt curtain is arranged between the tempering soaking section and the tempering heating section, and flue gas carrying heat enters the tempering soaking section from a notch of the fireproof cotton felt curtain to ensure the temperature of the tempering soaking section; a tempering heat transfer pipeline I is arranged between the tempering soaking section and the tempering preheating section, and the flue gas carrying heat is pumped from the tempering soaking section into the tempering preheating section by a fan.
Wherein the temperature interval of the tempering preheating section is as follows: the temperature of the tempering heating section is 300-400 ℃, and the temperature of the tempering heating section is as follows: the temperature of the tempering soaking section is 640-680 ℃, and the temperature of the tempering soaking section is: 600-640 ℃.
(3) The quenching preheating section is provided with a quenching heat transfer pipeline II, the other end of the quenching heat transfer pipeline II is connected with the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger, heat-carrying flue gas exchanges heat in the plate heat exchanger, the heat-exchanged flue gas enters the quenching heat transfer pipeline III from the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger and then enters a burner of the quenching heating section to be used as a fuel gas combustion improver, and after the waste heat is further utilized, the flue gas is discharged from a chimney.
(4) The tempering furnace preheating section is provided with a tempering heat transfer pipeline II, the other end of the tempering heat transfer pipeline II is connected with a plate heat exchanger, heat-carrying flue gas exchanges heat in the plate heat exchanger, the heat-exchanged flue gas enters the tempering heat transfer pipeline III from the exhaust end of the plate heat exchanger and then enters the burner of the tempering heating section to be used as a fuel gas combustion improver, and after the waste heat is further utilized, the flue gas is discharged from a chimney.
(5) The anchor chain leaves the tempering furnace to finish the heat treatment.
Preferably, the pipe wall of the quenching and preheating section is provided with an inlet pipe, the inlet pipe is connected with four branch pipes of the quenching and heat transfer pipe I, the inlet pipe is obliquely arranged, 90 degrees are formed between two adjacent inlet pipes, a continuously rotating air curtain is formed between the quenching and preheating section and the quenching and heating section, and the flue gas transmission of the quenching and preheating section and the quenching and heating section is blocked;
the pipe wall of the tempering preheating section is provided with an inlet pipe, the inlet pipe is connected with four branch pipes of the tempering heat transfer pipe I, the inlet pipe is obliquely arranged, 90 degrees are formed between two adjacent inlet pipes, and a continuously rotating air curtain is formed between the tempering preheating section and the tempering heating section to block the flue gas transmission of the quenching preheating section and the quenching heating section.
The process has the beneficial effects that:
1. the process flow is shortened, the quenching process and the tempering process are connected together, the anchor chain is sequentially subjected to quenching and tempering treatment, the process treatment time is shortened, the conveying time of the anchor chain is saved, and the heat treatment efficiency is improved.
2. Waste heat recovery utilizes, has saved the energy consumption. In the prior art, each part in the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace needs to be heated, and the flue gas after heating is directly discharged, so that the heat is directly dissipated in the air. In the application, the flue gas is enabled to move in the pipeline completely, and the heat can be fully utilized. The temperature of the heating section is highest, the soaking section is inferior, and the temperature of the preheating section is lowest, so that the whole flue gas travelling path is also along the heating section, the soaking section and the preheating section. The heating section is provided with a burner, natural gas burns in the heating section, the temperature of the section is highest, flue gas enters the soaking section from the heating section through heat radiation, the first utilization of heat is realized, then the flue gas enters the preheating section again through a heat transmission pipeline, finally the heat exchange is carried out through a heat exchanger, and air is preheated and enters the heating section for supporting combustion.
3. The interior of the furnace body is partitioned by a refractory cotton felt curtain and an air curtain setting mode, so that the temperature interval of each segment is ensured to be in a proper range. Because the temperature difference between the heating section and the soaking section is not large, the heat convection between the heating section and the soaking section is not too strong, so that the heat transfer can be realized only by the flue gas entering through the notch of the refractory cotton felt curtain movable area, and the soaking section needs to keep the temperature relatively stable, so that the slow mode of heat transfer just meets the requirements. The temperature difference between the heating section and the preheating section is large, if the temperature difference is not blocked, more severe heat convection can be inevitably generated, and hot air of the heating section can flow into the preheating section rapidly and continuously, so that the temperature of the preheating section is too high, and the temperature of the heating section is too low. In order to avoid the situation, the heat transfer pipeline between the soaking section and the preheating section is connected into the preheating section through four branch pipelines, the introducing pipelines of the four pipelines are obliquely arranged on the pipe wall of the preheating section, and the intervals between the four pipelines are 90 degrees, so that a square rotational flow area is formed in the pipeline of the preheating section after gas enters, on one hand, the heat of the flue gas can be gathered around an anchor chain to be treated, and on the other hand, the tangentially-introduced flue gas can form a continuously-rotating air curtain under the inertia of fluid, and the flow of the high-temperature gas from the heating section to the preheating section is further blocked.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the fire resistant curtain of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a tangential pipe introduction arrangement of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a tempering furnace burner in the present application.
Reference numerals:
1. a quenching furnace; 11. quenching and preheating section; 12. quenching and homogenizing section; 13. quenching and heating section; 14. quenching heat transfer pipeline I; 15. quenching heat transfer pipeline II; 16. quenching heat transfer pipeline III;
2. tempering furnace; 21. tempering and preheating sections; 22. tempering and soaking section; 23. tempering and heating sections; 24. tempering a heat transfer pipeline I; 25. tempering a heat transfer pipeline II; 26. tempering the heat transfer pipeline III;
3. a quenching tank; 4. an anchor chain transmission device; 41. rotating shaft teeth; 5. refractory cotton felt curtains; 51. a fixed zone; 52. an active area; 53. a notch; 6. a burner; 61. a direct flame burner; 62. half-straight flame-half-flat flame combined burner; 7. a plate heat exchanger; 8. and an inlet pipe.
Detailed Description
Further description is provided below with reference to the drawings of the specification. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the continuous heat treatment device for the anchor chain comprises a quenching furnace 1 and a tempering furnace 2, wherein a quenching tank 3 is arranged between the quenching furnace 1 and the tempering furnace 2, anchor chain transmission equipment 4 is arranged at two ends of the quenching furnace 1 and the tempering furnace 2, the quenching furnace 1 and the tempering furnace 2 are internally divided into a preheating section, a soaking section and a heating section through a refractory cotton felt curtain 5, and burners 6 are arranged at the positions of the heating sections of the quenching furnace 1 and the tempering furnace 2.
The quenching furnace 1 is divided into a quenching preheating section 11, a quenching soaking section 12 and a quenching heating section 13, a quenching heat transfer pipeline I14 is arranged between the quenching soaking section 12 and the quenching preheating section 11, a quenching heat transfer pipeline II 15 is arranged on the quenching preheating section 11, the other end of the quenching heat transfer pipeline II 15 is connected with the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger 7, and the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger 7 is connected with the nozzle of the quenching heating section 13 through a quenching heat transfer pipeline III 16.
The tempering furnace 2 is divided into a tempering preheating section 21, a tempering soaking section 22 and a tempering heating section 23, a tempering heat transfer pipeline I24 is arranged between the tempering soaking section 22 and the tempering preheating section 21, the tempering preheating section 21 is provided with a tempering heat transfer pipeline II 25, the other end of the tempering heat transfer pipeline II 25 is connected with the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger 7, and the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger 7 is connected with the tempering heating section 23 through a tempering heat transfer pipeline III 26.
The anchor chain is driven by an anchor chain transmission device 4 of the quenching furnace 1 to move in the quenching furnace 1, and the anchor chain sequentially passes through a quenching preheating section 11, a quenching heating section 13 and a quenching soaking section 12 in the quenching furnace 1; and then the anchor chain is driven by the anchor chain transmission equipment 4 of the tempering furnace 2 to enter the quenching tank 3 and move in the tempering furnace 2, and the anchor chain sequentially passes through the tempering preheating section 21, the tempering heating section 23 and the tempering soaking section 22 in the tempering furnace 2.
The anchor chain transmission device 4 comprises rotating shaft teeth 41, wherein the rotating shaft teeth 41 are driven by a motor to rotate, and the width of the rotating shaft teeth 41 is smaller than the inner diameter of an anchor chain link.
As shown in fig. 2, the refractory cotton felt curtain 5 comprises a fixed area 51 and a movable area 52, wherein the fixed area 51 is fixed on the furnace wall through screws, and a plurality of notches 53 penetrating from top to bottom are arranged on the refractory cotton felt curtain 5 of the movable area 52.
The burner 6 at the heating section of the quenching furnace 1 adopts a straight flame burner 61, the burner 6 at the heating section of the tempering furnace 2 adopts a half straight flame-half flat flame combined burner 62, and the quenching furnace 1 and the tempering furnace 2 both adopt horizontal heat treatment furnaces.
As shown in fig. 3, a quenching heat transfer pipeline i 14 between the quenching preheating section 11 and the quenching heating section 13 is connected with the quenching preheating section 11 through four branch pipelines, and two adjacent branch pipelines are arranged at a 90-degree interval; the tempering heat transfer pipeline I24 between the tempering preheating section 21 and the tempering heating section 23 is connected with the tempering preheating section 21 through four branch pipelines, and two adjacent branch pipelines are arranged at a 90-degree interval.
In the heat treatment device, the heat treatment process is shortened, two independent heat treatment processes are combined together, energy is saved, and a large amount of time is saved. The anchor chain transmission equipment 4 drives the anchor chain to move, and the shaft teeth on the anchor chain transmission equipment 4 are inserted into chain rings of the anchor chain, so that the anchor chain continuously advances along with the continuous rotation of the anchor chain transmission equipment 4, and quenching and tempering treatments are sequentially carried out, so that the corrosion resistance of the anchor chain is improved.
In the quenching process of the anchor chain, the anchor chain sequentially passes through a quenching preheating section 11, a quenching heating section 13 and a quenching soaking section 12, the temperature of the anchor chain reaches the highest in the quenching heating section 13, and a refractory cotton felt curtain 5 with a refractory heat insulation function is arranged between the sections to partition the furnace body space of the quenching furnace 1. The quenching heating section 13 is provided with a burner 6, natural gas is used as fuel, the quenching soaking section 12 utilizes the temperature of the quenching heating section 13 in a heat radiation mode, a quenching heat transfer pipeline I14 is arranged between the quenching soaking section 12 and the quenching preheating section 11, and the flue gas of the quenching soaking section 12 enters the quenching preheating section 11 to preheat an anchor chain. In order to improve the heat transfer efficiency, a fan is arranged in the heat transfer pipeline I of the quenching furnace, and the existence of the fan can promote the flue gas to flow from the quenching soaking section 12 to the quenching preheating section 11. The flue gas entering the quenching and preheating section 11 enters the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger 7 along with the quenching heat transfer pipeline II 15, and air enters the quenching heating section 13 from the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger 7 as a fuel gas combustion improver through the quenching heat transfer pipeline III 16 after heat exchange.
After leaving the quenching furnace 1, the anchor chain enters the quenching tank 3 and enters the tempering furnace 2. In the tempering furnace 2, an anchor chain sequentially passes through a tempering preheating section 21, a tempering heating section 23 and a tempering soaking section 22, and the arrangement of each section partition and the smoke travelling path are consistent with those in the tempering furnace 1.
In each heat transfer pipeline, in order to improve the flue gas walking direction and the transmission speed in the pipeline, a fan can be installed according to the situation, and the suction direction of the fan is consistent with the flue gas walking direction.
Based on the heat treatment device, the corresponding heat treatment process is as follows: (1) The anchor chain transmission device 4 of the quenching furnace 1 continuously rotates, and chain links of the anchor chain are driven to continuously advance on shaft teeth of the anchor chain transmission device 4 and sequentially pass through the quenching preheating section 11, the quenching heating section 13 and the quenching soaking section 12.
The burner 6 of the quenching heating section 13 is connected with natural gas, heat is provided by continuous combustion in the quenching heating section 13, a refractory cotton felt curtain 5 is arranged between the quenching soaking section 12 and the quenching heating section 13, and flue gas carrying heat enters the quenching soaking section 12 from the quenching heating section 13 at a notch 53 of the refractory cotton felt curtain 5, so that the temperature of the quenching soaking section 12 is ensured; a quenching heat transfer pipeline I14 is arranged between the quenching soaking section 12 and the quenching preheating section 11, and the flue gas carrying heat is pumped from the quenching soaking section 12 into the quenching preheating section 11 by a fan.
Wherein the temperature interval of the quenching and preheating section 11 is as follows: the temperature of the quenching heating section 13 is 300-400 ℃, and the temperature is as follows: the temperature of the quenching soaking section 12 is 920-960 ℃, and the temperature is: 880-900 ℃.
(2) The anchor chain transmission equipment 4 of the tempering furnace 2 continuously rotates to drive the anchor chain to sequentially pass through the quenching bath 3 and the preheating section, the heating section and the soaking section of the tempering furnace 2.
The burner 6 of the tempering heating section 23 is connected with natural gas, heat is provided by continuous combustion in the tempering heating section 23, a fireproof cotton felt curtain 5 is arranged between the tempering soaking section 22 and the tempering heating section 23, and flue gas carrying heat enters the tempering soaking section 22 from the tempering heating section 23 at a notch 53 of the fireproof cotton felt curtain 5, so that the temperature of the tempering soaking section 22 is ensured; a tempering heat transfer pipeline I24 is arranged between the tempering soaking section 22 and the tempering preheating section 21, and the flue gas carrying heat is pumped from the tempering soaking section 22 into the tempering preheating section 21 by a fan.
Wherein the temperature interval of the tempering preheating section 21 is: the temperature of the tempering heating section 23 is 300-400 ℃ as follows: the temperature of the tempering soaking section 22 is 640-680 ℃, and the temperature is: 600-640 ℃.
(3) The quenching preheating section 11 is provided with a quenching heat transfer pipeline II 15, the other end of the quenching heat transfer pipeline II 15 is connected with the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger 7, heat-carrying flue gas exchanges heat in the plate heat exchanger 7, the heat-exchanged flue gas enters the quenching heat transfer pipeline III 16 from the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger 7 and then enters the burner 6 of the quenching heating section 13 to be used as a fuel gas combustion improver, and after the waste heat is further utilized, the flue gas is discharged from a chimney.
(4) The preheating section of the tempering furnace 2 is provided with a tempering heat transfer pipeline II 25, the other end of the tempering heat transfer pipeline II 25 is connected with the plate heat exchanger 7, heat-carrying flue gas exchanges heat in the plate heat exchanger 7, the heat-exchanged flue gas enters the tempering heat transfer pipeline III 26 from the exhaust end of the plate heat exchanger 7 and then enters the burner 6 of the tempering heating section 23, and the tempering heat transfer pipeline III is used as a fuel gas combustion improver, and after the waste heat is further utilized, the flue gas is discharged from a chimney.
(5) The anchor chain leaves the tempering furnace 2 to complete the heat treatment.
The pipe wall of the quenching and preheating section 11 is provided with an inlet pipe 8, the inlet pipe 8 is connected with four branch pipes of the quenching and heat transfer pipe I14, the inlet pipe 8 is obliquely arranged, 90 degrees are formed between two adjacent inlet pipes 8, a continuously rotating air curtain is formed between the quenching and preheating section 11 and the quenching and heating section 13, and the flue gas transmission of the quenching and preheating section 11 and the quenching and heating section 13 is blocked;
the pipe wall of the tempering preheating section 21 is provided with an inlet pipe 8, the inlet pipe 8 is connected with four branch pipes of the tempering heat transfer pipe I24, the inlet pipe 8 is obliquely arranged, 90 degrees are formed between two adjacent inlet pipes 8, a continuously rotating air curtain is formed between the tempering preheating section 21 and the tempering heating section 23, and the flue gas transmission of the quenching preheating section 11 and the quenching heating section 13 is blocked.
The process has the beneficial effects that: (1) The process flow is shortened, the quenching process and the tempering process are connected together, the anchor chain is sequentially subjected to quenching and tempering treatment, the process treatment time is shortened, the conveying time of the anchor chain is saved, and the heat treatment efficiency is improved. And (2) waste heat recovery and utilization, and energy consumption is saved. In the prior art, all parts in the quenching furnace 1 and the tempering furnace 2 need to be heated, and the flue gas after heating is directly discharged, and the heat is directly dissipated in the air. In the application, the flue gas is enabled to move in the pipeline completely, and the heat can be fully utilized. The temperature of the heating section is highest, the soaking section is inferior, and the temperature of the preheating section is lowest, so that the whole flue gas travelling path is also along the heating section, the soaking section and the preheating section. The heating section is provided with a burner 6, natural gas burns in the heating section, the temperature of the section is highest, flue gas enters the soaking section from the heating section through heat radiation, the first utilization of heat is realized, then the flue gas enters the preheating section again through a heat transmission pipeline, finally the heat exchange is carried out through a heat exchanger, and air is preheated and enters the heating section for supporting combustion. (3) The interior of the furnace body is partitioned by a refractory cotton felt curtain 5 and an air curtain setting mode, so that the temperature interval of each segment is ensured to be in a proper range. Because the temperature difference between the heating section and the soaking section is not large, the heat convection between the heating section and the soaking section is not too strong, so that the heat transfer can be realized only by the flue gas entering through the notch 53 of the movable area 52 of the refractory cotton felt curtain 5, and the soaking section needs to keep the temperature relatively stable, so that the slow mode of heat transfer just meets the requirements. The temperature difference between the heating section and the preheating section is large, if the temperature difference is not blocked, more severe heat convection can be inevitably generated, and hot air of the heating section can flow into the preheating section rapidly and continuously, so that the temperature of the preheating section is too high, and the temperature of the heating section is too low. In order to avoid the situation, the heat transfer pipeline between the soaking section and the preheating section is connected into the preheating section through four branch pipelines, the introducing pipelines of the four pipelines are obliquely arranged on the pipe wall of the preheating section, and the intervals between the four pipelines are 90 degrees, so that a square rotational flow area is formed in the pipeline of the preheating section after gas enters, on one hand, the heat of the flue gas can be gathered around an anchor chain to be treated, and on the other hand, the tangentially-introduced flue gas can form a continuously-rotating air curtain under the inertia of fluid, and the flow of the high-temperature gas from the heating section to the preheating section is further blocked.
It should be noted that, the movable area 52 of the refractory cotton felt curtain 5 is provided with a plurality of notches 53 penetrating from top to bottom, so that the top of the curtain piece shaped like a plurality of sags is fixed together, and the bottom can freely move, so that the anchor chain can conveniently pass through, and the effect of blocking heat transfer can be achieved, and the division of each section is more obvious. The condition that the temperature of the heating section is not high enough and the temperature of the preheating section is not low enough, which affects the heat treatment effect, is avoided because the whole furnace body is integrated, and the flue gas escapes from the heating section to the preheating section. In order to ensure the temperature in the furnace body, refractory cotton felt curtains 5 can be arranged at two ends of the furnace body, so that cold air outside is prevented from entering, and hot air inside is prevented from escaping.
In the application, in order to improve the temperature in the quenching furnace to be higher than the temperature of the tempering furnace 2, the burner 6 at the quenching heating section 13 adopts a straight flame burner 61, and the flame rigidity is good. 4 rows of burners 6 can be axially and uniformly arranged on the pipe wall of the quenching heating section 13, the arrangement mode of the burners 6 is the same as that of the quenching preheating section 11 in the inlet pipe 8, and each row of burners 6 is 4, an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between every two adjacent burners 6, the burners 6 are obliquely arranged, flames are conveniently surrounded to be square, an anchor chain to be treated positioned in the center of the square is positioned in a high-temperature area of the flame center, the heating condition is better, and the heat utilization efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 4 of the specification, the temperature in the tempering furnace 2 is lower, and the burner 6 of the tempering heating section 23 adopts a semi-straight flame-semi-flat flame burner 62, so that high-temperature flue gas can be relatively gathered around an anchor chain to be treated, and the temperature of the flue gas can be ensured to be relatively uniform. The arrangement mode of the quenching furnace is consistent with the arrangement mode of the burners 6 of the quenching heating section 13, the heat utilization efficiency of the quenching furnace is improved, and when the burners are arranged by 4, the half flat flame part faces the radial center of the furnace body.
Considering the influence of high-temperature gas floating on a temperature field on a furnace body interface, the center of a square swirling area formed by flame sprayed from the burner 6 can be downwards moved by changing the length of the burner 6, and the center of the swirling area is downwards moved by 1/4 of the radius length of the furnace body in general after the actual application of a workshop.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a continuous heat treatment device of anchor chain, includes quenching furnace and tempering furnace, its characterized in that: a quenching tank is arranged between the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace, anchor chain transmission equipment is arranged at both ends of the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace, the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace divide the interior of the furnace body into a preheating section, a soaking section and a heating section through a refractory cotton felt curtain, and burners are arranged at the positions of the heating sections of the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace;
the quenching furnace is divided into a quenching preheating section, a quenching soaking section and a quenching heating section, a quenching heat transfer pipeline I is arranged between the quenching soaking section and the quenching preheating section, a quenching heat transfer pipeline II is arranged on the quenching preheating section, the other end of the quenching heat transfer pipeline II is connected with the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger, and the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger is connected with the nozzle of the quenching heating section through a quenching heat transfer pipeline III;
the tempering furnace is divided into a tempering preheating section, a tempering soaking section and a tempering heating section, a tempering heat transfer pipeline I is arranged between the tempering soaking section 22 and the tempering preheating section, a tempering heat transfer pipeline II is arranged in the tempering preheating section, the other end of the tempering heat transfer pipeline II is connected with the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger, and the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger is connected with the nozzle of the tempering heating section through the tempering heat transfer pipeline III;
the anchor chain is driven by an anchor chain transmission device of the quenching furnace to move in the quenching furnace, and the anchor chain sequentially passes through a quenching heating section and a quenching soaking section in the quenching furnace; and then the anchor chain is driven by an anchor chain transmission device of the tempering furnace to enter the quenching tank and move in the tempering furnace, and the anchor chain sequentially passes through a tempering preheating section, a tempering heating section and a tempering soaking section in the tempering furnace.
2. The continuous heat treatment device for anchor chains according to claim 1, wherein: the anchor chain transmission equipment comprises rotating shaft teeth, the rotating shaft teeth are driven by a motor to rotate, and the width of the rotating shaft teeth is smaller than the inner diameter of the anchor chain link.
3. A continuous heat treatment device for an anchor chain according to claim 2, wherein: the fire-resistant cotton felt curtain comprises a fixed area and a movable area, wherein the fixed area is fixed on the furnace wall through screws, and a plurality of gaps penetrating from top to bottom are formed in the fire-resistant cotton felt curtain of the movable area.
4. A continuous heat treatment device for an anchor chain according to claim 3, wherein: and a burner at the heating section of the quenching furnace adopts a straight flame burner.
5. A continuous heat treatment device for an anchor chain according to claim 3, wherein: the burner of the heating section of the tempering furnace adopts a half-straight flame-half-flat flame combined burner.
6. An anchor chain continuous heat treatment device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the quenching furnace and the tempering furnace are both horizontal heat treatment furnaces.
7. The continuous heat treatment apparatus for an anchor chain of claim 6, wherein: and a quenching heat transfer pipeline I between the quenching preheating section and the quenching heating section is connected with the quenching preheating section through four branch pipelines, and two adjacent branch pipelines are arranged at an interval of 90 degrees.
8. The continuous heat treatment apparatus for an anchor chain of claim 7, wherein: and a tempering heat transfer pipeline I between the tempering preheating section and the tempering heating section is connected with the tempering preheating section through four branch pipelines, and two adjacent branch pipelines are arranged at an interval of 90 degrees.
9. A heat treatment process using an anchor chain continuous heat treatment apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that:
(1) The chain ring hook of the anchor chain is driven to continuously advance on the shaft teeth of the anchor chain transmission equipment and sequentially passes through a quenching preheating section, a quenching heating section and a quenching soaking section;
the burner of the quenching heating section is connected with natural gas, heat is provided by continuous combustion in the quenching heating section, a refractory cotton felt curtain is arranged between the quenching soaking section and the quenching heating section, and flue gas carrying heat enters the quenching soaking section from a notch of the refractory cotton felt curtain to ensure the temperature of the quenching soaking section; a quenching heat transfer pipeline I is arranged between the quenching soaking section and the quenching preheating section, and the flue gas carrying heat is pumped from the quenching soaking section to the quenching preheating section by a fan;
the temperature interval of the quenching preheating section is as follows: the temperature of the quenching heating section is 300-400 ℃, and the temperature of the quenching heating section is as follows: the temperature of the quenching soaking section is 920-960 ℃, and the temperature of the quenching soaking section is: 880-900 ℃;
(2) The anchor chain transmission equipment of the tempering furnace continuously rotates to drive the anchor chain to sequentially pass through the quenching bath and the preheating section, the heating section and the soaking section of the tempering furnace;
the burner of the tempering heating section is connected with natural gas, heat is provided by continuous combustion in the tempering heating section, a fireproof cotton felt curtain is arranged between the tempering soaking section 22 and the tempering heating section, and flue gas carrying heat enters the tempering soaking section from a notch of the fireproof cotton felt curtain to ensure the temperature of the tempering soaking section; a tempering heat transfer pipeline I is arranged between the tempering soaking section and the tempering preheating section, and the flue gas carrying heat is pumped from the tempering soaking section into the tempering preheating section by a fan;
wherein the temperature interval of the tempering preheating section is as follows: the temperature of the tempering heating section is 300-400 ℃, and the temperature of the tempering heating section is as follows: the temperature of the tempering soaking section is 640-680 ℃, and the temperature of the tempering soaking section is: 600-640 ℃;
(3) The quenching preheating section is provided with a quenching heat transfer pipeline II, the other end of the quenching heat transfer pipeline II is connected with the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger, the flue gas carrying heat exchanges heat in the plate heat exchanger, heated air enters the quenching heat transfer pipeline III from the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger after heat exchange and then enters a burner of the quenching heating section to be used as a fuel gas combustion improver, and the flue gas after further utilizing waste heat is discharged from a chimney;
(4) The preheating section of the tempering furnace is provided with a tempering heat transfer pipeline II, the other end of the tempering heat transfer pipeline II is connected with the air inlet end of the plate heat exchanger, the flue gas carrying heat exchanges heat in the plate heat exchanger, heated air after heat exchange enters the tempering heat transfer pipeline III from the air outlet end of the plate heat exchanger and then enters the burner of the tempering heating section to be used as a fuel gas combustion improver, and the flue gas after further utilization of waste heat is discharged from a chimney;
(5) The anchor chain leaves the tempering furnace to finish the heat treatment.
10. The heat treatment process of an anchor chain continuous heat treatment device according to claim 9, wherein: the pipe wall of the quenching and preheating section is provided with an inlet pipe, the inlet pipe is connected with four branch pipes of the quenching and heat transfer pipe I, the inlet pipe is obliquely arranged, 90 degrees are formed between two adjacent inlet pipes, a continuously rotating air curtain is formed between the quenching and preheating section and the quenching and heating section, and the flue gas transmission of the quenching and preheating section and the quenching and heating section is blocked;
the pipe wall of the tempering preheating section is provided with an inlet pipe, the inlet pipe is connected with four branch pipes of the tempering heat transfer pipe I, the inlet pipe is obliquely arranged, 90 degrees are formed between two adjacent inlet pipes, and a continuously rotating air curtain is formed between the tempering preheating section and the tempering heating section to block the flue gas transmission of the quenching preheating section and the quenching heating section.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310940753.XA CN116855713A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Continuous heat treatment device and heat treatment process for anchor chain |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117845037A (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-04-09 | 江苏亚星锚链股份有限公司 | Chain heat treatment device with crack detection function |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117845037A (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-04-09 | 江苏亚星锚链股份有限公司 | Chain heat treatment device with crack detection function |
| CN117845037B (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-07-05 | 江苏亚星锚链股份有限公司 | Chain heat treatment device with crack detection function |
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