CN116854373B - Low-zirconium ceramic sanitary ware opacifying glaze, ceramic sanitary ware and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-zirconium ceramic sanitary ware opacifying glaze, ceramic sanitary ware and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116854373B CN116854373B CN202310916488.1A CN202310916488A CN116854373B CN 116854373 B CN116854373 B CN 116854373B CN 202310916488 A CN202310916488 A CN 202310916488A CN 116854373 B CN116854373 B CN 116854373B
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical group [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052705 radium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N radium atom Chemical compound [Ra] HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001735 zirconium mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-zirconium sanitary ceramic opacifying glaze, a sanitary ceramic product and a preparation method thereof, wherein the low-zirconium sanitary ceramic opacifying glaze is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of potassium-sodium feldspar, 13-18 parts of calcined talcum, 13-17 parts of Suzhou soil, 1-3 parts of dolomite, 1-2 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-0.8 part of barium carbonate, 2-4 parts of zirconium silicate and 1-3 parts of calcium phosphate. The sanitary ceramic opacifying glaze has wide sources and low cost, is prepared by optimizing the formula composition, carefully selecting the raw material composition, reasonably proportioning, and selecting potassium-sodium feldspar, calcined talcum, suzhou soil, dolomite, zinc oxide, barium carbonate, zirconium silicate and calcium phosphate which are properly proportioned, so that the respective advantages are fully exerted, the mutual complementation and mutual promotion are realized, and under the condition of reducing the glaze cost, the glaze has high whiteness (the whiteness is above 81) and high glossiness (the glossiness is above 74), pores in the glaze are reduced, and the comprehensive appearance performance of the glaze is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, in particular to a low-zirconium sanitary ceramic opacifying glaze, a sanitary ceramic product and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Sanitary ceramics are glazed ceramic products for toilets, kitchens, laboratories and the like, also known as sanitary ware, including toilets, urinals, face washes, bathtubs and the like. Because of the advantages of high drying speed, good heat stability, good corrosion resistance, no pollution, smooth surface, pure color and the like, the modified polypropylene fiber has the advantages of being widely applied to places such as toilets, kitchens, laboratories and the like.
Glazing is one of the critical procedures in the conventional sanitary ceramic preparation process, and the glazing refers to the step of applying glaze slurry on the surface of a formed ceramic body, so that the ceramic surface is smooth and has certain glossiness, and the finished product is more attractive. At present, the ceramic opaque glaze is generally prepared from albite, quartz, calcite, frit, calcined soil, zirconium silicate, zinc oxide, dolomite, wollastonite, hydrotalcite, barium carbonate and aluminum oxide serving as main raw materials, and zirconium silicate is used as an opacifier in a large amount for improving the whiteness of the glaze.
However, in implementing the embodiments of the present application, the inventors of the present application have found that at least the following technical problems exist in the above technology: (1) Zirconium silicate contains radioactive elements such as radium, thorium, uranium and the like, the radioactivity of the product is increased due to the fact that the zirconium silicate is used in a large amount, and meanwhile, the production cost of the product is increased due to the fact that the zirconium silicate is high in price; (2) The existing ceramic sanitary opacifying glaze contains raw materials with higher Mohs hardness such as frit, alumina and the like and high cost, the ball milling efficiency is low, and the glaze preparation cost is high; (3) The existing ceramic sanitary opacifying glaze contains more dolomite and calcite, carbon dioxide gas is decomposed and discharged in the firing process, and in the glaze cooling process, pores are formed by solidifying the gas on the surface of the glaze, so that the glaze is not smooth enough.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a low-zirconium sanitary ceramic opacifying glaze, a sanitary ceramic product and a preparation method thereof, which solve the technical problems of high cost, more pores and insufficient smoothness of the glaze of the sanitary ceramic in the prior art, and can still maintain higher whiteness and glossiness under the condition of lower zirconium silicate content, reduce pores in the glaze and greatly reduce the production cost.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect of the invention, a low zirconium sanitary ceramic opacifying glaze is provided, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of potassium-sodium feldspar, 13-18 parts of calcined talcum, 13-17 parts of Suzhou soil, 1-3 parts of dolomite, 1-2 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-0.8 part of barium carbonate, 2-4 parts of zirconium silicate and 1-3 parts of calcium phosphate.
Further, the material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 56-58 parts of potassium-sodium feldspar, 14-16 parts of calcined talcum, 14-16 parts of Suzhou soil, 3 parts of dolomite, 1.5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5 part of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zirconium silicate and 3 parts of calcium phosphate.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ceramic sanitary ware comprising a ceramic sanitary ware body and a glaze on a surface of the ceramic sanitary ware body, the glaze being made of the ceramic sanitary ware opacifying glaze described above.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a method of making a ceramic sanitary ware is provided, comprising the steps of:
weighing raw materials including potassium-sodium feldspar, calcined talcum, suzhou soil, dolomite, zinc oxide, barium carbonate, zirconium silicate and calcium phosphate according to parts by weight, loading into ball milling equipment, adding a viscosity regulator and water for ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and firing to obtain the sanitary ceramic body.
Further, the viscosity modifier is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Further, the mass of the added viscosity modifier is 0.3-0.5% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the mass of the added water is 45-55% of the total mass of the raw materials.
Further, the ball milling time is 10 hours.
Further, the sieve mesh size was 325 mesh.
Further, the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.68-1.72, and the flow rate is 170-240s.
Further, the firing temperature is 1190-1200 ℃ and the firing time is 9-12h.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the sanitary ceramic opacifying glaze has wide sources and low cost, is prepared by optimizing the formula composition, carefully selecting the raw material composition, reasonably proportioning, and selecting potassium-sodium feldspar, calcined talcum, suzhou soil, dolomite, zinc oxide, barium carbonate, zirconium silicate and calcium phosphate which are properly proportioned, so that the respective advantages are fully exerted, the mutual complementation and mutual promotion are realized, and under the condition of reducing the glaze cost, the glaze has high whiteness (the whiteness is above 81) and high glossiness (the glossiness is above 74), pores in the glaze are reduced, and the comprehensive appearance performance of the glaze is improved.
The invention considers the whiteness, glossiness, pores in the glaze and production cost of the glaze when designing the formula. The specific conception is as follows:
(1) In the ceramic sanitary ware opacifying glaze, the zirconium silicate content is reduced, the zircon resources are saved, the production cost is reduced, and the radioactivity of ceramic sanitary ware is reduced. The raw materials with higher Mohs hardness such as the frit, the alumina and the like and high cost are avoided, and the ball milling time is reduced, so that the ball milling efficiency is improved, the energy consumption of ball milling is reduced, and the cost of the glaze is reduced by 20% -25%.
(2) Through the formula design, a large amount of tiny crystals can be separated out in the glaze layer in the firing process by using the combination of the calcined talcum, the calcium phosphate, the dolomite, the potassium-sodium feldspar and the Suzhou soil in a specific dosage proportion, so that the effect of opacifying and whitening the incident light waves is achieved, the fired glaze has higher whiteness, the zirconium silicate content is reduced, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the glaze meets the whiteness requirement; meanwhile, the crystals precipitated on the surface of the glaze layer are reduced, so that the glossiness of the glaze surface is improved.
(3) According to the formula, on one hand, the dosage of dolomite is reduced, and conventionally adopted calcite is omitted, so that the amount of carbon dioxide gas generated by high-temperature decomposition of the calcite is reduced, and the high-temperature decomposition exhaust amount of a glaze layer is reduced; on the other hand, through the compounding of the raw materials, the ripening temperature of the glaze is improved, and the gas which is decomposed at high temperature of the green body mineral is discharged through the glaze layer. By the combined action of the two aspects, the defect of the glaze pore is improved.
By combining the design, the invention reduces the cost of the glaze, ensures the whiteness and glossiness of the glaze, reduces pores in the glaze and improves the comprehensive appearance performance of the glaze through reasonable collocation of various raw materials.
The production process of the low-zirconium ceramic tile emulsion glaze is consistent with that of the existing zirconium ceramic tile emulsion glaze, and can reduce the production cost. The preparation method of the sanitary ceramic has simple process and simple and convenient operation.
Detailed Description
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field unless specified otherwise; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in the specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, but are defined in the specification to be used in the event of a conflict.
The terms "comprising," "including," "containing," "having," or other variations thereof herein are intended to cover a non-closed inclusion, without distinguishing between them. The term "comprising" means that other steps and ingredients may be added that do not affect the end result. The term "comprising" also includes the terms "consisting of …" and "consisting essentially of …". The compositions and methods/processes of the present invention comprise, consist of, and consist essentially of the essential elements and limitations described herein, as well as additional or optional ingredients, components, steps, or limitations of any of the embodiments described herein.
All numbers or expressions referring to amounts of components, process conditions, etc. used in the specification and claims are to be understood as modified in all instances by "about". All ranges directed to the same component or property are inclusive of the endpoints, which endpoints are independently combinable. Because these ranges are continuous, they include every value between the minimum and maximum values. It should also be understood that any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all sub-ranges within that range.
As used herein, "parts by weight" or "parts by weight" are used interchangeably and may be any fixed weight expressed in milligrams, grams, or kilograms (e.g., 1mg, 1g, 2g, 5g, or 1kg, etc.). For example, a composition comprising 1 part by weight of component a and 9 parts by weight of component b may be a composition comprising 1 gram of component a+9 gram of component b, or 10 grams of component a+90 gram of component b, etc.
Opacifying glaze is one method of common sanitary ceramic decoration. The opacified glaze is white opaque glaze. The 2 nd or 3 rd phase substances with different refractive indexes and tiny volumes are present in the glaze glass, and when light passes through the glaze layer, the opaque particles scatter the light, so that the light cannot pass through the glaze layer, and the opaque effect is achieved. The opaque glaze commonly used in the current sanitary ceramics is zirconite system opaque glaze. Zirconium silicate is used as an opacifier, so that the opacifying effect of the zircon system opacified glaze is stable, the opacified glaze is not influenced by the firing atmosphere of ceramics, the bonding performance of the blank glaze of ceramics can be obviously improved, the hardness of the glaze surface of the ceramics is improved, and the opacified glaze is widely used in the ceramic industry. Zirconium silicate has a whitening effect because it forms baddeleyite or the like after firing the ceramic, thereby scattering incident light waves, which is generally called large particle scattering or Mie scattering. In order to increase the whiteness of the glaze, the addition amount of zirconium silicate in the glaze is 8-10 percent. However, zirconium silicate contains radioactive elements such as radium, thorium, uranium and the like, and the radioactivity of the product is increased due to the fact that the zirconium silicate is used in a large amount, and meanwhile, the production cost of the product is increased due to the fact that the zirconium silicate is high in price. Therefore, the development of the low-zirconium opacifying glaze can reduce the exploitation of the zirconium mineral raw material, effectively reduce the preparation cost, and reduce the radioactivity of the sanitary ceramic product and the harm to human bodies.
In a first aspect, a low zirconium ceramic sanitary ware opacifying glaze is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of potassium-sodium feldspar, 13-18 parts of calcined talcum, 13-17 parts of Suzhou soil, 1-3 parts of dolomite, 1-2 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-0.8 part of barium carbonate, 2-4 parts of zirconium silicate and 1-3 parts of calcium phosphate.
The sanitary ceramic opacifying glaze has wide sources and low cost, is prepared by optimizing the formula composition, carefully selecting the raw material composition, reasonably proportioning, and selecting potassium-sodium feldspar, calcined talcum, suzhou soil, dolomite, zinc oxide, barium carbonate, zirconium silicate and calcium phosphate which are properly proportioned, so that the respective advantages are fully exerted, the mutual complementation and mutual promotion are realized, and under the condition of reducing the glaze cost, the glaze has high whiteness (the whiteness is above 81) and high glossiness (the glossiness is above 74), pores in the glaze are reduced, and the comprehensive appearance performance of the glaze is improved.
The inventor finds that the dosage proportion of the calcined talc, the calcium phosphate, the dolomite, the potash feldspar and the Suzhou soil is particularly important to control, and the dosage proportion of the calcined talc, the calcium phosphate, the dolomite, the potash albite and the Suzhou soil is not proper, so that tiny crystals formed in a glaze layer are too few, and the whiteness of a glaze surface is not enough; if too many tiny crystals are formed, the crystals are precipitated on the surface of the glaze layer, and the glossiness of the glaze surface is reduced. Because the invention adopts the combination of the calcined talc, the calcium phosphate, the dolomite, the potash feldspar and the Suzhou soil with specific dosage proportion, the quantity of crystals precipitated inside the glaze layer is large, the crystal grains are small, and the high opacifying effect is further achieved, so that the high whiteness is still achieved under the condition of reducing the zirconium silicate content, and the cost of the glaze is reduced while the whiteness is ensured; meanwhile, crystals precipitated on the surface of the glaze layer are reduced, so that the glossiness of the glaze surface is improved, and the whiteness and glossiness of the glaze surface can be ensured.
According to the formula, on one hand, the dosage of dolomite is reduced, and conventionally adopted calcite is omitted, so that the amount of carbon dioxide gas generated by high-temperature decomposition of the calcite is reduced, and the high-temperature decomposition exhaust amount of a glaze layer is reduced; on the other hand, through the compounding of the raw materials, the ripening temperature of the glaze is improved, and the gas which is decomposed at high temperature of the green body mineral is discharged through the glaze layer. By the combined action of the two aspects, the defect of the glaze pore is improved.
In order to ensure that the raw materials play a synergistic effect, the technical proposal strictly controls the dosage of the raw materials, in particular,
in the embodiment of the invention, the weight parts of the potassium-sodium feldspar are 55-60 parts, such as 55 parts, 56 parts, 57 parts, 58 parts, 59 parts, 60 parts and any value between the parts.
The potassium-sodium feldspar added in the method has higher whiteness and fewer colored impurities, so that the whiteness of the glaze is improved; meanwhile, the firing range of the ceramic is larger, the initial melting point is high, the exhaust process of the green body is facilitated, and the glaze defect is reduced.
In embodiments of the invention, the parts by weight of the calcined talc is 13-18 parts, e.g., 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, and any value therebetween.
In embodiments of the invention, the weight parts of Suzhou soil are 13-17 parts, e.g., 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, and any value therebetween.
The added Suzhou soil has higher whiteness and fewer colored impurities, so that the whiteness of the glaze is improved.
In embodiments of the invention, the dolomite may be present in an amount of 1 to 3 parts by weight, for example 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts and any value therebetween.
In embodiments of the invention, the zinc oxide is present in an amount of 1 to 2 parts by weight, such as 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, and any value therebetween.
In embodiments of the invention, the weight parts of barium carbonate are between 0.5 and 0.8 parts, such as 0.5 parts, 0.6 parts, 0.7 parts, 0.8 parts, and any value therebetween.
In embodiments of the invention, the weight parts of calcium phosphate are 1-3 parts, such as 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, and any value therebetween.
In embodiments of the invention, the zirconium silicate is present in an amount of 2-4 parts by weight, such as 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, and any value therebetween.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a ceramic sanitary ware comprising a ceramic sanitary ware body and a glaze on the surface of the ceramic sanitary ware body, the glaze being made of the ceramic sanitary ware opacifying glaze described above.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method of making a ceramic sanitary ware comprising the steps of:
weighing raw materials including potassium-sodium feldspar, calcined talcum, suzhou soil, dolomite, zinc oxide, barium carbonate, zirconium silicate and calcium phosphate according to parts by weight, loading into ball milling equipment, adding a viscosity regulator and water for ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and firing to obtain the sanitary ceramic body.
The viscosity modifier is not particularly limited, and the viscosity modifier in the glaze material known to those skilled in the art may be used, and preferably the viscosity modifier is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
More specifically, the mass of the added viscosity modifier is 0.3-0.5% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the mass of the added water is 45-55% of the total mass of the raw materials.
The existing ceramic sanitary opaque glaze contains raw materials with higher Mohs hardness such as frit, alumina and the like and high cost, the ball milling efficiency is low, and the ball milling time is generally up to 13 hours. In this application, avoid using the higher and high-cost raw materials of mohs hardness such as frit and aluminium oxide, ball-milling time is 10 hours, reduces ball-milling time to promote ball-milling efficiency, reduce the energy consumption of ball-milling, consequently reduce the cost of glaze.
The mesh size of the sieved screen was 325 mesh.
The specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.68-1.72, and the flow rate is 170-240s.
The firing temperature is 1190-1200 ℃ and the firing time is 9-12h. More preferably, the firing time is 10 hours.
The method of applying the glaze slip to the surface of the sanitary ceramic body is not particularly limited in the present invention, and the glaze slip may be applied to the surface of the sanitary ceramic body by a glazing method well known to those skilled in the art, for example, by dipping or glazing.
The preparation method has the advantages of simple steps, convenient operation and control, stable quality, high production efficiency and low production cost, and can be used for large-scale industrial production.
In order to better understand the above technical solution, the following detailed description will be given with reference to specific examples, which are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not limiting of the present invention.
Each example and comparative example were prepared according to the formulations set forth in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Each comparative example was prepared according to the formulation set forth in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Example 1
A method of sanitary ceramic articles comprising the steps of:
weighing 55 parts of raw materials including potassium-sodium feldspar, 18 parts of calcined talcum, 13 parts of Suzhou soil, 3 parts of dolomite, 1.5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.6 part of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zirconium silicate and 3 parts of calcium phosphate according to parts by weight, loading the raw materials into ball milling equipment, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water for ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.3% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the added water is 45% of the total mass of the raw material; the ball milling time is 10 hours; the aperture of the screened screen mesh is 325 meshes, and the screen residue is 0.06 g/325 mesh screen per specific gravity cup; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.705, and the flow rate is 178s;
the glaze slip is applied to the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and the sanitary ceramic body is obtained after the ceramic body is fired for 9 hours at the temperature of 1190-1200 ℃.
Example 2
A method of sanitary ceramic articles comprising the steps of:
weighing 57 parts of raw materials including potassium-sodium feldspar, 13 parts of calcined talcum, 15 parts of Suzhou soil, 1 part of dolomite, 1.5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5 part of barium carbonate, 2 parts of zirconium silicate and 3 parts of calcium phosphate according to parts by weight, loading the raw materials into ball milling equipment, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water for ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.5% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the added water is 55% of the total mass of the raw material; the ball milling time is 10 hours; the sieve mesh diameter of the sieve is 325 meshes, and the sieve residue is 0.08 g/325 mesh sieve per specific gravity cup; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.709, and the flow rate is 186s;
the glaze slip is applied to the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and the sanitary ceramic body is obtained after the ceramic body is fired for 12 hours at the temperature of 1190-1200 ℃.
Example 3
A method of sanitary ceramic articles comprising the steps of:
weighing 58 parts of raw materials including potassium-sodium feldspar, 16 parts of calcined talcum, 17 parts of Suzhou soil, 3 parts of dolomite, 1 part of zinc oxide, 0.5 part of barium carbonate, 4 parts of zirconium silicate and 3 parts of calcium phosphate according to parts by weight, loading the raw materials into ball milling equipment, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water for ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.4% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the added water is 50% of the total mass of the raw material; the ball milling time is 10 hours; the sieve mesh diameter of the sieve is 325 meshes, and the screen residue is 0.07 g/325 mesh sieve per specific gravity cup; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.706, and the flow rate is 182s;
the glaze slip is applied to the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and the sanitary ceramic body is obtained after the ceramic body is fired for 10 hours at the temperature of 1190-1200 ℃.
Example 4
A method of sanitary ceramic articles comprising the steps of:
weighing 59 parts of raw materials including potassium-sodium feldspar, 15 parts of calcined talcum, 15 parts of Suzhou soil, 2 parts of dolomite, 1.5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.8 part of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zirconium silicate and 1 part of calcium phosphate according to parts by weight, loading into ball milling equipment, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water for ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.3% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the added water is 50% of the total mass of the raw material; the ball milling time is 10 hours; the sieve mesh diameter of the sieve is 325 meshes, and the sieve residue is 0.11 g/325 mesh sieve per specific gravity cup; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.711, and the flow rate is 194s;
the glaze slip is applied to the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and the sanitary ceramic body is obtained after the ceramic body is fired for 10 hours at the temperature of 1190-1200 ℃.
Example 5
A method of sanitary ceramic articles comprising the steps of:
weighing 60 parts of raw materials including potassium-sodium feldspar, 14 parts of calcined talcum, 15 parts of Suzhou soil, 3 parts of dolomite, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5 part of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zirconium silicate and 2 parts of calcium phosphate according to parts by weight, loading the raw materials into ball milling equipment, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water for ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.4% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the added water is 48% of the total mass of the raw material; the ball milling time is 10 hours; the sieve mesh diameter of the sieve is 325 meshes, and the sieve residue is 0.08 g/325 mesh sieve per specific gravity cup; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.708, and the flow rate is 185s;
the glaze slip is applied to the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and the sanitary ceramic body is obtained after the ceramic body is fired for 10 hours at the temperature of 1190-1200 ℃.
Comparative example 1
A method of sanitary ceramic articles comprising the steps of:
weighing 74 parts of raw materials including 74 parts of potassium-sodium feldspar, 9 parts of calcined talcum, 10 parts of Suzhou soil, 1 part of dolomite, 1.5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5 part of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zirconium silicate and 1 part of calcium phosphate according to parts by weight, loading the raw materials into ball milling equipment, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water for ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.4% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the added water is 50% of the total mass of the raw material; the ball milling time is 10 hours; the sieve mesh diameter of the sieve is 325 meshes, and the sieve residue is 0.13 g/325 mesh sieve per specific gravity cup; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.71, and the flow rate is 190s;
the glaze slip is applied to the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and the sanitary ceramic body is obtained after the ceramic body is fired for 10 hours at the temperature of 1190-1200 ℃.
Comparative example 2
A method of sanitary ceramic articles comprising the steps of:
according to the weight portions, 69 portions of raw materials including potassium-sodium feldspar, 14 portions of calcined talcum, 10 portions of Suzhou soil, 1 portion of dolomite, 1.5 portions of zinc oxide, 0.5 portion of barium carbonate, 3 portions of zirconium silicate and 1 portion of calcium phosphate are weighed, put into ball milling equipment, added with sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water for ball milling and sieving, and glaze slurry is prepared; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.4% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the added water is 50% of the total mass of the raw material; the ball milling time is 10 hours; the sieve mesh diameter of the sieve is 325 meshes, and the sieve residue is 0.09 g/325 mesh sieve per specific gravity cup; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.70, and the flow rate is 175s;
the glaze slip is applied to the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and the sanitary ceramic body is obtained after the ceramic body is fired for 10 hours at the temperature of 1190-1200 ℃.
Comparative example 3
A method of sanitary ceramic articles comprising the steps of:
according to the weight portions, 64 portions of raw materials of potassium-sodium feldspar, 19 portions of calcined talcum, 10 portions of Suzhou soil, 1 portion of dolomite, 1.5 portions of zinc oxide, 0.5 portion of barium carbonate, 3 portions of zirconium silicate and 1 portion of calcium phosphate are weighed, put into ball milling equipment, added with sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water for ball milling and sieving, and glaze slurry is prepared; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.4% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the added water is 50% of the total mass of the raw material; the ball milling time is 10 hours; the sieve mesh diameter of the sieve is 325 meshes, and the screen residue is 0.07 g/325 mesh sieve per specific gravity cup; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.705, and the flow rate is 181s;
the glaze slip is applied to the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and the sanitary ceramic body is obtained after the ceramic body is fired for 10 hours at the temperature of 1190-1200 ℃.
Comparative example 4
A method of sanitary ceramic articles comprising the steps of:
weighing 59 parts of raw materials including potassium-sodium feldspar, 19 parts of calcined talcum, 15 parts of Suzhou soil, 1 part of dolomite, 1.5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5 part of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zirconium silicate and 0.5 part of calcium phosphate according to parts by weight, loading into ball milling equipment, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water for ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.4% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the added water is 50% of the total mass of the raw material; the ball milling time is 10 hours; the sieve mesh diameter of the sieve is 325 meshes, and the sieve residue is 0.14 g/325 mesh sieve per specific gravity cup; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.712, and the flow rate is 198s;
the glaze slip is applied to the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and the sanitary ceramic body is obtained after the ceramic body is fired for 10 hours at the temperature of 1190-1200 ℃.
Comparative example 5
A method of sanitary ceramic articles comprising the steps of:
weighing 55 parts of raw materials including potassium-sodium feldspar, 19 parts of calcined talcum, 15 parts of Suzhou soil, 4 parts of dolomite, 1.5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5 part of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zirconium silicate and 4 parts of calcium phosphate according to parts by weight, loading the raw materials into ball milling equipment, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water for ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.4% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the added water is 50% of the total mass of the raw material; the ball milling time is 10 hours; the sieve mesh diameter of the sieve is 325 meshes, and the sieve residue is 0.08 g/325 mesh sieve per specific gravity cup; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.708, and the flow rate is 188s;
the glaze slip is applied to the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and the sanitary ceramic body is obtained after the ceramic body is fired for 10 hours at the temperature of 1190-1200 ℃.
Comparative example 6
A method of sanitary ceramic articles comprising the steps of:
weighing 28 parts of raw materials including albite, 30 parts of quartz, 10 parts of calcite, 10 parts of frit, 8 parts of calcined clay, 8 parts of zirconium silicate, 1 part of zinc oxide, 5 parts of dolomite, 5 parts of wollastonite, 1 part of calcined talcum, 0.6 part of barium carbonate and 2 parts of aluminum oxide according to parts by weight, loading the raw materials into ball milling equipment, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water, ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.4% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the added water is 50% of the total mass of the raw material; the ball milling time is 13h; the sieve mesh diameter of the sieve is 325 meshes, and the sieve residue is 0.09 g/325 mesh sieve per specific gravity cup; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.71, and the flow rate is 185s;
the glaze slip is applied to the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and the sanitary ceramic body is obtained after the ceramic body is fired for 10 hours at the temperature of 1190-1200 ℃.
Test case
To verify the performance of the products of the invention, the sanitary ceramic articles prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were respectively subjected to the relevant performance tests, in particular as follows:
gloss measurement: the gloss of the glaze was measured with a 3nh gloss meter (model: YG 60);
whiteness test: measuring the whiteness of the glaze by using a portable type whiteness instrument (model: intelligent type-138);
the method for detecting the pore number of the glaze surface comprises the following steps: the rubber red ink is used for wiping on a standard glaze surface of 5cm by 5cm according to the sequence of 10 circles clockwise and 10 circles anticlockwise, the red ink is required to be stained again for every 10 circles, 50 circles are required to be wiped again, then the red ink is wiped cleanly by paper towels, and the number of pores remained on the standard glaze surface is checked at a distance of 200-300mm under natural light.
The test results of examples 1-5 are shown in Table 3 below; the test results of comparative examples 1 to 6 are shown in the following Table 4:
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | |
| Gloss level | 74.5 | 75.3 | 78.1 | 80.2 | 82.1 |
| Whiteness degree | 83.6 | 82.8 | 82.1 | 81.7 | 81.9 |
| Pore count of glaze | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
TABLE 4 Table 4
| Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Comparative example 5 | Comparative example 6 | |
| Gloss level | 70.3 | 76.1 | 55.8 | 49.0 | 65.7 | 81.2 |
| Whiteness degree | 74.3 | 77.1 | 82.4 | 85.2 | 83.2 | 80.1 |
| Pore count of glaze | 18 | 28 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 7 |
The results of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-6 show that the invention selects the potassium-sodium feldspar, the calcined talcum, the Suzhou soil, the dolomite, the zinc oxide, the barium carbonate, the zirconium silicate and the calcium phosphate which are properly proportioned, not only fully plays the respective advantages, but also mutually supplements and mutually promotes, and under the condition of reducing the cost of the glaze, the glaze has high whiteness (the whiteness is more than 81) and high glossiness (the glossiness is more than 74), pores in the glaze are reduced, and the comprehensive appearance performance of the glaze is improved.
As can be seen from the results, the low-zirconium ceramic sanitary ware opacifying glaze provided by the invention has the performance equivalent to that of the existing opacifying glaze, but in the ceramic sanitary ware opacifying glaze, the zirconium silicate content is reduced, the zircon resources are saved, the production cost is reduced, and the radioactivity of ceramic sanitary ware is reduced. The method avoids using raw materials with higher Mohs hardness such as frit, alumina and the like and high cost, reduces the ball milling time, thereby improving the ball milling efficiency, reducing the energy consumption of ball milling and reducing the cost of glaze.
The above examples only show embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, but all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The low-zirconium sanitary ceramic opacifying glaze is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of potassium-sodium feldspar, 13-18 parts of calcined talcum, 13-17 parts of Suzhou soil, 1-3 parts of dolomite, 1-2 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-0.8 part of barium carbonate, 2-4 parts of zirconium silicate and 1-3 parts of calcium phosphate.
2. The low zirconium sanitary ceramic opacifying glaze of claim 1, prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 56-58 parts of potassium-sodium feldspar, 14-16 parts of calcined talcum, 14-16 parts of Suzhou soil, 3 parts of dolomite, 1.5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5 part of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zirconium silicate and 3 parts of calcium phosphate.
3. A sanitary ceramic article comprising a sanitary ceramic body and a glaze on the surface of the sanitary ceramic body, wherein the glaze is made of the sanitary ceramic opacifying glaze of any one of claims 1-2.
4. A method of making a sanitary ceramic article as set forth in claim 3, comprising the steps of:
weighing raw materials including potassium-sodium feldspar, calcined talcum, suzhou soil, dolomite, zinc oxide, barium carbonate, zirconium silicate and calcium phosphate according to parts by weight, loading into ball milling equipment, adding a viscosity regulator and water for ball milling, and sieving to obtain glaze slurry;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic body, and firing to obtain the sanitary ceramic body.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the viscosity modifier is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the viscosity modifier is added in an amount of 0.3 to 0.5% by weight of the total mass of the raw materials, and the water is added in an amount of 45 to 55% by weight of the total mass of the raw materials.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the ball milling time is 10 hours.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the screened mesh size is 325 mesh.
9. The method of claim 4, wherein the slip has a specific gravity of 1.68 to 1.72 and a flow rate of 170 to 240s.
10. The method of claim 4, wherein the firing temperature is 1190 ℃ to 1200 ℃ and the firing time is 9 hours to 12 hours.
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