CN116852050A - Five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center and process for machining unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades - Google Patents

Five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center and process for machining unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116852050A
CN116852050A CN202310983930.2A CN202310983930A CN116852050A CN 116852050 A CN116852050 A CN 116852050A CN 202310983930 A CN202310983930 A CN 202310983930A CN 116852050 A CN116852050 A CN 116852050A
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machining
direct
cross beam
sliding table
drive bridge
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CN116852050B (en
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张卫卫
肖俊东
姚士强
唐汉军
颜加吉
张婷
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Shenzhen Yuhe Chuangzhi Technology Co ltd
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Shenzhen Yuhe Chuangzhi Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
    • B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/012—Portals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center and a process for machining unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the device comprises a base, a workbench, upright posts, a cross beam, a sliding table and a spindle box; a linear motor is arranged between the cross beam and the upright post, so that the cross beam moves back and forth on the upright post; a linear motor is arranged between the sliding table and the cross beam, so that the sliding table moves left and right on the cross beam; a linear motor is arranged between the main shaft box on the sliding table and the sliding table, so that the main shaft box can move up and down on the sliding table; the lower end of the main shaft box is provided with a swinging head, the lower end of the swinging head is provided with a cutter head, the swinging head is driven by a DDR motor, the main shaft rotates around a C shaft, and the swinging head rotates around an A shaft.

Description

Five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center and process for machining unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of machine tool machining, in particular to a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center and a process for machining unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades.
Background
The birth of the numerical control machine tool has been over 70 years old, and plays an important role in the modern construction of national economy. The existing numerical control machine tool basically adopts a servo motor to drive a ball screw to drive a workbench or a tool bit to move, and the characteristics of the structure of the ball screw enable the machining precision of the machine tool driven by the ball screw to be lower, usually 0.01-0.03 mm, the moving speed to be slower, generally 24-48 m/min, the working efficiency to be lower, the stroke of the machine tool is limited by the length of the screw, the transmission element is easy to wear and needs to be regularly maintained and replaced, and the traditional numerical control machine tool is limited by the machining precision, the speed and the like, so that the precision and the quality of the machine tool for machining complex curved surfaces are low, and the application of the machine tool in the aspect of machining complex curved surface workpieces is limited.
Unmanned aerial vehicle has been widely used in various industries at present, and the research discovers recently that 8-shaped rotary blade has the advantage that the noise when unmanned aerial vehicle flies can be reduced simultaneously to stable structure, but the quality of 8-shaped rotary blade that adopts traditional digit control machine tool to process is not high, leads to unmanned aerial vehicle flight performance unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the traditional numerical control machine tool, the application provides the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center and the process for machining the unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade, wherein the linear motor is arranged on the X, Y, Z axis, the DDR motor is arranged on the main shaft and the swinging head, and the rotor and the stator of the linear motor are not contacted, so that mechanical errors can not be generated in the working process, the machining precision of the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center and the process for machining the unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade is greatly improved, the machining speed is faster than that of the traditional numerical control machine tool, and the machining efficiency is higher.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a five-axis all-direct-drive bridge gantry machining center, comprising: the device comprises a base, a workbench, upright posts, a cross beam, a sliding table and a spindle box;
a linear motor is arranged between the cross beam and the upright post, so that the cross beam moves back and forth on the upright post;
a linear motor is arranged between the sliding table and the cross beam, so that the sliding table moves left and right on the cross beam;
a linear motor is arranged between the main shaft box on the sliding table and the sliding table, so that the main shaft box can move up and down on the sliding table;
the lower end of the main shaft box is provided with a swinging head, the lower end of the swinging head is provided with a cutter head, the swinging head is driven by a DDR motor, the main shaft rotates around a C shaft, and the swinging head rotates around an A shaft.
Further, it includes 2 stands, and 2 stands distribute in the left and right sides of base, and the upper surface of every stand all is equipped with 2 linear guide, and the left and right both ends of crossbeam all are equipped with 2 sliders, and 2 sliders at crossbeam each end and the linear guide mutual block on its corresponding stand ensure that the crossbeam is along X axle steady operation on the stand, and the linear motor stator of stand upper surface is installed between 2 linear guide, and the linear motor active cell at crossbeam each end is installed between 2 sliders, and linear guide's the outside is equipped with the grating chi.
Further, one end of the upper surface of each upright post is provided with a shield bracket, and one end is provided with an anti-collision block.
Further, be equipped with the slip table on the side of crossbeam towards the workstation, the slip table all is equipped with the slider towards the upper and lower side of the surface of crossbeam, the crossbeam is gone up, the downside all is equipped with linear guide, the linear guide on the crossbeam and the mutual block of the slider that corresponds on the slip table, ensure that the slip table is along Y axle steady operation on the crossbeam, linear motor stator on the crossbeam sets up between upper and lower linear guide, linear motor active cell on the slip table sets up between upper and lower slider, linear guide's both ends are equipped with the crashproof piece, linear guide's outside is equipped with the grating chi.
Further, the left and right sides that the slip table faced the surface of headstock are equipped with linear guide, and the headstock is equipped with the slider towards the left and right both sides of the surface of slip table, and the slider on the headstock and the corresponding linear guide on the slip table block each other, ensure that the headstock is steady along the Z axle operation on the slider, are equipped with linear motor stator between 2 linear guide of slider, are equipped with linear motor active cell between 2 sliders of headstock, and linear guide's both ends are equipped with the crashproof piece, and linear guide's the outside is equipped with the grating chi.
Further, DDR motor includes the dabber, the dabber passes through the bearing to be fixed in motor housing, the bearing plays the supporting role to whole motor main part, the external surface fixed of dabber is provided with DDR motor rotor, the surface of rotor is equipped with rather than the DDR motor stator that corresponds, the bearing sets up in one side of next-door neighbour motor stator and rotor, the outer pot head that the dabber is close to the bearing is equipped with the oil seal two, the outside that the dabber is close to the upper cover is provided with the upper cover, the outside that the dabber is close to the upper cover is equipped with the end cover, the other end that the bearing was kept away from to the dabber is equipped with the oil seal three, through setting up tail-gate fixed oil seal three, be equipped with round grating fixed bolster between tail-gate and the motor rotor, round grating is fixed on round grating fixed bolster, motor housing sets up between upper cover and tail-gate.
Furthermore, a probe is also installed on the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, and the probe is connected to a main shaft of the machining center and moves along with the main shaft.
The application also provides a method for machining parts of the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, which comprises the following steps:
1) Numerical control programming
Converting the drawing of the processed product into a computer readable instruction code, writing a numerical control program, programming by adopting programming software (UG, CIMATRON, MASTERCAM and the like), and programming according to the size of the workpiece and the processing requirement;
2) Product mounting and selecting jig
The installation of the workpiece aims at unifying the design, the process and the reference of programming calculation, so that the adoption of a machining scheme of manual adjustment of a machine is avoided, all surfaces to be machined are machined as much as possible after one-time positioning and clamping, the coordinate direction of the clamp is ensured to be relatively fixed with that of a machine tool, each part on the clamp should not prevent the machine tool from machining each surface of the part, namely the clamp is opened for positioning, and the clamping mechanism element can not influence the feed (such as collision, etc.) in the machining process;
3) Selecting tools and determining cutting quantities
The selection of a cutter is one of important contents in a numerical control machining process, not only affects the machining efficiency of a machine tool, but also directly affects the machining quality, and when programming, the cutter is selected by taking the factors of the machining capacity of the machine tool, the procedure content and the workpiece material into consideration, wherein the cutting dosage comprises the spindle rotating speed (cutting speed), the back cutting amount and the feeding amount;
4) Numerical control system operation
(1) Starting up, manually returning to a reference point, and establishing a machine tool coordinate system;
(2) inputting a machining program into a CNC memory, simulating an operation program, and checking a modification program;
(3) determining a workpiece coordinate system;
(4) setting a cutter used in a machining program and inputting cutter data;
(5) the program is run in an automatic mode, and the workpiece is processed after the program is correct;
5) Detecting and checking;
after finishing processing, the size, the surface quality and the precision of the workpiece are detected, so that the workpiece is ensured to meet the requirements of clients, and the workpiece is detected by adopting a three-coordinate measuring instrument.
The application provides a process for processing unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades by using a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, wherein the curved surfaces of the unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades are distorted 8-shaped, and the process is characterized in that the unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades can realize no joint mark and cutter mark by five-axis linkage processing, and comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting blankProcessing with a small horizontal lathe, wherein the blank isThe bar stock is longer than bmm, the blank bar stock is clamped at an automatic feed port of a small horizontal lathe, the lathe is used for tool setting, the end face is turned, the center Kong Yuzuan is turned, the single side of the through hole is drilled again, the diameter is 0.01mmTooling holes, reaming by reamer to +.>Tolerance +0.01-0, outer surface turning circle diameter +.>Rough machining a single side with the allowance of 0.05mm, finely turning in place, clamping the end face of a workpiece by a secondary spindle of a small horizontal lathe with the total thickness dmm, cutting a groove cutter for coarsening, and cutting the bar into b/d sections evenly along the length direction, thereby forming a bar with the center diameter +.>The thickness of the tooling hole is dmm;
2) Continuing to process by using a common triaxial machine tool, wherein the center of the first section processed in the triaxial machine tool clamping step 1) has a diameterThe thickness of the tooling hole is dmm, the outer circular end face is pressed tightly, and the tooling hole is clamped>The cutter mills unilateral constant head tank in X+ direction, and groove width emm, dark fmm, fillet R1.6mm need open coarse volume 0.1, and finish machining is put in place again, and the bottom surface size is processed in place, guarantees straightness 0.01mm that hangs down to form and have the diameter>Tooling hole and close-proximity toolingMilling a circular workpiece with the thickness dmm of the unilateral positioning groove on one side of the hole;
3) The five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center is used for machining the workpiece machined in the step 2), machining precision is required to be 0.002mm, a special tool for the workpiece is prepared, and the diameter of the middle locating pin is equal to that of the middle locating pinThe center M4 thread locks the workpiece, the front surface of the product is positioned and locked upwards, and the key groove is positioned towards X+; machining a top surface Z0 in a coordinate system XY; the workpiece is clamped, a two-dimensional drawing of a distorted 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade is designed and three-dimensional modeling is designed by utilizing CAD/CAM computer aided design software, a three-dimensional model of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade is built, a programming software is adopted to write a rough/finish machining numerical control program according to a process file, then the rough/finish machining numerical control program is processed and converted into an instruction code of a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, a machine adjuster is machined according to a machining program list, and firstly, rough machining is performed>5A3 angle knife is coarsely cut, the inner wall and the outer wall of the center of the product are grooved, the periphery is removed, the allowance of 0.3mm is reserved on one side, and the processing time is 0.8-1.2 hours; exchange->Milling allowance of the upper top surface and the lower top surface of the cow nose knife is 0.1mm; exchange->5A3 angle cutter semi-finishing, namely basically forming the inner and outer frames of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade, leaving a margin of 0.05mm on the inner and outer side walls and the upper and lower top surfaces, and ensuring a surface finish Ra3.2, no obvious cutter mark and no pause over-cutting, and ensuring good consistency of appearance cutter lines;
4) Aging and standing the workpiece processed in the step 3) on a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry processing center for 4-5 hours, and waiting for processing stress elimination;
5) Then, the workpiece with the processing stress eliminated is processed in the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantrySurface of heart finish product, a number one knife is installedA1, a knife with an angle of 0.002mm or less is confirmed to swing, firstly, the unilateral allowance of the semi-finished outer surface is 0.01mm, and then the unilateral allowance of the semi-finished inner surface is 0.01mm, and the top surface is machined in place; a new cutter with the same size is installed on the first cutter, and a finished product is in place; then, detecting the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade formed by processing by a probe arranged on a main shaft of a five-shaft full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, moving a contact on a probe measuring needle on the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade to acquire coordinate data of the curved surface, comparing the measured coordinate data with a preset value, and if the processing error exceeds an allowable value range, re-processing; if the machining error is within the allowable value range, the product is considered to be machined, the appearance to be detected is not required to be detected, no tool marks or over-cuts exist in the machining, the surface is deburred, the finish reaches Ra1.6mass, and the tolerance of the thickness of the inner wall and the outer wall is 1.5mm so as to ensure +/-0.05mm;
6) Clamping the processed 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade together with a 3R clamp to a three-coordinate detection machine tool, wherein the product detection requires contour degree +/-0.005mm, A reference flatness 0.005mm, hole perpendicularity 0.01mm relative to A reference, top surface parallelism 0.01mm relative to A reference, flatness 0.005mm, non-reference dimension error 0.02mm, hole and outer edge diameter dimension tolerance 0.02mm, concentricity tolerance 0.01mm, and the detection results generate detection reports and sample, and each part needs to be subjected to detection report and signature confirmation of quality inspection personnel;
7) The first section of workpiece is qualified in processing, the rest (b/d) -1 section of workpiece is continuously processed according to the step 2-6), and each workpiece needs to be detected and reported and is signed and confirmed by a quality inspector;
8) Burring and polishing by a fitter, and checking the surface quality of the blade; and removing the 3R clamp gasket Latin after the product is detected to be qualified.
Further, the blank is an aluminum alloy 6061 bar stock.
Further, the process for processing the unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade by the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center further comprises the following steps:
9) And finally, carrying out surface treatment on the product by an anodic oxidation process, using a black coating, independently installing a sealing belt, and then placing the sealing belt into a paper box for storage, wherein sponge foam is required to be separated without direct contact.
The beneficial technical effects of the application are as follows:
1. the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobile industry and the like, is suitable for high-efficiency machining of large aerospace alloy, aluminum alloy and nonmetal composite parts, automobile stamping, plastic molds and the like, and has wide application prospect.
2. The five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center adopts a linear motor and a drive control technology thereof, realizes zero transmission, has no back clearance, no abrasion and quick response through electromagnetic effect, and has the advantages of high precision, high feed rate and high machining speed.
3. The five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center adopts a symmetrical overhead bridge type gantry frame structure, the center distance between the driving center of gravity and the center of the moving part is short, the structural rigidity is strong, and the overturning moment is small; the moving part has light weight, is not influenced by the weight of the workpiece, has more flexible reaction and is convenient for high-speed and high-precision control; all the linear shafts are controlled in a full direct drive and full closed loop mode, so that the precision maintainability is good, and high-speed precise motion control can be realized.
4. Compared with the traditional numerical control machine tool, the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center is used for machining the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade, the machining precision is as high as 0.002-0.005mm, the machining speed is as high as 60-90m/min or higher, the acceleration is as high as 1g or higher, the machining efficiency is high, the stroke is not limited, and the machined 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade has the advantages of stable structure, reduction of noise when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies and good flying performance.
5. The main shaft of the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center is provided with the probe, the probe moves along with the main shaft, the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade formed by machining can be detected, the contact on the probe moves on the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade to collect coordinate data of the curved surface, and the measured coordinate data are compared with a preset value, so that a user can timely and online grasp the machining quality of a workpiece, and the product with a machining error exceeding an allowable value can be timely reprocessed, and the qualification rate of the product is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a five-axis full direct drive bridge gantry machining center of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a five-axis schematic view of a five-axis full direct drive bridge gantry machining center;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge gantry machining center;
fig. 4 is a second schematic structural diagram of a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge gantry machining center;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a beam structure of a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge gantry machining center;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sliding table and a spindle box of a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the DDR motor structure of a five-axis full direct drive bridge gantry machining center;
FIG. 8 is a blank for a five axis full direct drive bridge gantry machining center for machining unmanned aerial vehicle blades;
FIG. 9 is a 3R fixture base for a five-axis full direct drive bridge gantry machining center;
FIG. 10 is a fixture mounting plate of a five-axis full direct drive bridge gantry machining center;
FIG. 11 is a Latin used in a five axis full direct drive bridge gantry machining center;
FIG. 12 is a special tooling for a five-axis full direct drive bridge gantry machining center for machining unmanned aerial vehicle blades;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram I of a 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade processed by a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram II of a 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade processed by a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center;
fig. 15 is a schematic diagram III of a structure of a rotary blade of an 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle processed by a five-axis full direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises a 1-workbench, a 2-base, a 3-upright post, a 4-beam, a 5-headstock, a 6-sliding table, a 7-tool magazine, an 8-tool magazine support, a 9-linear guide rail, a 10-grating ruler, an 11-linear motor stator, a 12-anti-collision block, a 13-shield support, a 14-linear motor rotor, a 15-beam anti-collision block, a 16-beam linear motor stator, a 17-sliding table linear motor rotor, a 18-beam grating ruler, a 19-beam linear guide rail, a 20-sliding table slider, a 21-headstock slider, a 22-headstock sliding table, a 23-headstock linear motor stator, a 24-sliding table linear guide rail, a 25-end cover, a 26-oil seal, a 27-oil seal, a 28-upper cover, a 29-bearing, a 30-side cover, a 31-DDR motor stator, a 32-DDR motor housing, a 33-DDR motor rotor, a 34-round grating, a 35-round grating fixed support, a 36-core shaft, a 37-oil seal three, and a 38-tail cover.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 15 and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
As can be seen from fig. 3-4, a five-axis full direct drive bridge gantry machining center includes: the device comprises a base 2, a workbench 1, a stand column 3, a cross beam 4, a sliding table 6 and a spindle box 5;
a linear motor is arranged between the cross beam 4 and the upright post 3, so that the cross beam 4 moves back and forth on the upright post 3;
a linear motor is arranged between the sliding table 6 and the cross beam 4, so that the sliding table 6 moves left and right on the cross beam 4;
a linear motor is arranged between the spindle box 5 on the sliding table 6 and the sliding table 6, so that the spindle box 5 can move up and down on the sliding table 6;
the lower end of the main shaft box 5 is provided with a swinging head, the lower end of the swinging head is provided with a cutter head, the swinging head is driven by a DDR motor, the main shaft rotates around a C shaft, and the swinging head rotates around an A shaft.
Further, it can be seen from fig. 4 that the vertical column type linear motor comprises 2 vertical columns 3,2 vertical columns 3 are distributed on the left side and the right side of the base 2, 2 linear guide rails 9 are arranged on the upper surface of each vertical column 3,2 sliding blocks are arranged on the left end and the right end of the cross beam 4, 2 sliding blocks at each end of the cross beam 4 are clamped with the corresponding linear guide rails 9 on the vertical columns 3, stable running of the cross beam 4 on the vertical columns 3 along the X axis is ensured, a linear motor stator 11 on the upper surface of the vertical column 3 is arranged between the 2 linear guide rails 9, a linear motor rotor 14 at each end of the cross beam 4 is arranged between the 2 sliding blocks, and a grating ruler 10 is arranged on the outer side of each linear guide rail 9.
The grating scale 10 is a full-closed-loop high-precision grating scale, if the linear axis does not accurately reach the position due to reasons such as machinery, the grating scale is used as a position detection element, and a command is sent to a numerical control system of the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, so that the linear axis can reach a relatively accurate position until the resolution of the grating scale is not resolved. The grating ruler serves as a supervision function independent of a machine tool, and the position of the linear shaft is always monitored, so that the linear shaft can reach the position required by a numerical control system.
Further, as can be seen from fig. 5, the side of the beam 4 facing the workbench 1 is provided with a sliding table 6, the sliding table 6 faces the upper side and the lower side of the outer surface of the beam 4 are provided with sliding blocks, the upper side and the lower side of the beam 4 are provided with linear guide rails 19, the linear guide rails 19 on the beam 4 are mutually clamped with the corresponding sliding blocks on the sliding table 6, the sliding table 6 is ensured to stably run on the beam 4 along the Y axis, a linear motor stator 16 on the beam 4 is arranged between the upper linear guide rail 19 and the lower linear guide rail 19, a linear motor rotor 17 on the sliding table 6 is arranged between the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block, two ends of the linear guide rails 19 are provided with anti-collision blocks 15, and the outer side of the linear guide rails 19 are provided with grating scales 18.
Further, as can be seen from fig. 6, the left and right sides of the surface of the sliding table 6 facing the spindle box 5 are provided with linear guide rails 24, the left and right sides of the surface of the spindle box 5 facing the sliding table 6 are provided with sliding blocks, the sliding blocks on the spindle box 5 are mutually clamped with the corresponding linear guide rails 24 on the sliding table 6, the spindle box 5 is ensured to stably run along the Z axis on the sliding table, a linear motor stator 23 is arranged between 2 linear guide rails 24 of the sliding table, a linear motor rotor is arranged between 2 sliding blocks of the spindle box 5, two ends of each linear guide rail 24 are provided with anti-collision blocks, and the outer sides of the linear guide rails are provided with grating scales.
Further, as can be seen from fig. 7, the DDR motor includes a mandrel 36, the mandrel 36 is fixed in the motor housing 32 through a bearing 29, the bearing 29 supports the whole motor body, the DDR motor rotor 33 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the mandrel 36, the DDR motor stator 31 corresponding to the DDR motor rotor 33 is arranged on the outer surface of the rotor 33, the bearing 29 is arranged on one side close to the motor stator 31 and the rotor 33, an oil seal two 27 is sleeved on the outer end of the mandrel 36 close to the bearing 29, an upper cover 28 is arranged on the outer side of the oil seal two 27, an oil seal one 26 is sleeved on the outer side of the mandrel 36 close to the upper cover 28, an end cover 25 is arranged on the outer side of the oil seal one 26, an oil seal three 37 is arranged on the other end of the mandrel 36 far from the bearing 29, a circular grating fixing bracket 35 is arranged between the end cover 38 and the motor rotor 33, the circular grating 34 is fixed on the circular grating fixing bracket 35, and the motor housing 32 is arranged between the upper cover 28 and the end cover 38.
Furthermore, a probe is also installed on the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, and the probe is connected to a main shaft of the machining center and moves along with the main shaft. The size and the position of the cutter or the workpiece can be directly and automatically measured by the machining center without human intervention in the machining cycle, and the offset of the workpiece or the cutter is automatically corrected according to the measurement result, so that the measurement precision degree of the machining center is greatly improved while the integration of automatic online real-time measurement and measurement machining is realized. The probe is internally provided with a closed active circuit which is connected with a special trigger mechanism, and the trigger mechanism can cause the state change of the circuit and send out an acousto-optic signal to indicate the working state of the probe as long as the trigger mechanism generates trigger action; the only condition of the trigger mechanism for generating trigger action is that the probe needle of the probe generates tiny swing or moves towards the inside of the probe, when the probe is connected to the main shaft of the machining center and moves along with the main shaft, the probe needle can generate an acousto-optic signal immediately to indicate the working state of the probe as long as the contact on the probe needle contacts with the surface of a workpiece (any solid material) in any direction.
Probe function:
1. automatic centering, edge searching and measuring are replaced by manual work, a coordinate system is automatically corrected, and automatic knife compensation is performed;
2. directly measuring a curved surface of a large complex part on a machine tool;
3. the processing capacity and the precision of the existing machine tool can be improved, the online correction of a large single product is completed once, and the reworking repair of the secondary clamping is avoided;
4. the batch is completed in one step, and the first part is adjusted, the design is drawn, and the production scheme is determined conveniently and rapidly;
5. the auxiliary time of the machine tool is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Further, a shield bracket 13 is provided at one end of the upper surface of each pillar 3, and an impact block 12 is provided at one end.
The application also provides a method for machining parts of the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, which comprises the following steps:
1) Numerical control programming
Converting the drawing of the processed product into a computer readable instruction code, writing a numerical control program, programming by adopting programming software (UG, CIMATRON, MASTERCAM and the like), and programming according to the size of the workpiece and the processing requirement;
2) Product mounting and selecting jig
The installation of the workpiece aims at unifying the design, the process and the reference of programming calculation, so that the adoption of a machining scheme of manual adjustment of a machine is avoided, all surfaces to be machined are machined as much as possible after one-time positioning and clamping, the coordinate direction of the clamp is ensured to be relatively fixed with that of a machine tool, each part on the clamp should not prevent the machine tool from machining each surface of the part, namely the clamp is opened for positioning, and the clamping mechanism element can not influence the feed (such as collision, etc.) in the machining process;
3) Selecting tools and determining cutting quantities
The selection of a cutter is one of important contents in a numerical control machining process, not only affects the machining efficiency of a machine tool, but also directly affects the machining quality, and when programming, the cutter is selected by taking the factors of the machining capacity of the machine tool, the procedure content and the workpiece material into consideration, wherein the cutting dosage comprises the spindle rotating speed (cutting speed), the back cutting amount and the feeding amount;
4) Numerical control system operation
(1) Starting up, manually returning to a reference point, and establishing a machine tool coordinate system;
(2) inputting a machining program into a CNC memory, simulating an operation program, and checking a modification program;
(3) determining a workpiece coordinate system;
(4) setting a cutter used in a machining program and inputting cutter data;
(5) the program is run in an automatic mode, and the workpiece is processed after the program is correct;
5) Detection and acceptance
After finishing processing, the size, the surface quality and the precision of the workpiece are detected, so that the workpiece is ensured to meet the requirements of clients, and the workpiece is detected by adopting a three-coordinate measuring instrument.
The application provides a process for processing unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades by using a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, wherein the curved surfaces of the unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades are in a distorted 8-shaped form, and the unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades can realize no joint mark and no cutter mark by five-axis linkage processing, and the process comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting a blank, and processing the blank by using a small horizontal lathe, wherein the blank is shown as a figure 8The bar stock is longer bmm, the blank bar stock is clamped at an automatic feed port of a small horizontal lathe, the lathe is used for tool setting, the end face is turned, the center Kong Yuzuan is turned, the single side of the through hole is drilled again, the allowance is 0.01mm, and the diameter is +.>Tooling holes, reaming by reamer to +.>Tolerance +0.01-0, outer surface turning circle diameter +.>Rough machining of a single side with the allowance of 0.05mm, finish turning in place, total blank thickness dmm, clamping the end face of a workpiece by a subsidiary spindle of a small horizontal lathe, and cuttingThe groove knife is coarsened, the bar stock is cut into b/d sections along the length direction on average, and the center of the b/d section is provided with the diameter +.>The thickness of the tooling hole is dmm;
2) Continuing to process by using a common triaxial machine tool, wherein the center of the first section processed in the triaxial machine tool clamping step 1) has a diameterThe thickness of the tooling hole is dmm, the outer circular end face is pressed tightly, and the tooling hole is clamped>The cutter mills unilateral constant head tank in X+ direction, and groove width emm, dark fmm, fillet R1.6mm need open coarse volume 0.1, and finish machining is put in place again, and the bottom surface size is processed in place, guarantees straightness 0.01mm that hangs down to form and have the diameter>The tooling hole and a circular workpiece with the thickness dmm, which is close to the tooling hole, are milled on one side of the unilateral positioning groove;
3) The five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center is used for machining the workpiece machined in the step 2), machining precision is required to be 0.002mm, a special tool for the workpiece is prepared, and the diameter of the middle locating pin is equal to that of the middle locating pinThe center M4 thread locks the workpiece, the front surface of the product is positioned and locked upwards, and the key groove is positioned towards X+; machining a top surface Z0 in a coordinate system XY; the workpiece clamping is completed, a two-dimensional drawing of the distorted 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade is designed into a three-dimensional model by utilizing CAD/CAM computer aided design software, a three-dimensional model of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade is established, a rough/finish machining numerical control program is written by adopting programming software according to a process file, then the rough/finish machining numerical control program is post-processed and converted into an instruction code of a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, and a machine adjuster adds according to a machining program listFirst, use +.>A3, cutting by an angle cutter, grooving the inner wall and the outer wall of the center of the product, removing the allowance at the periphery, leaving the allowance of 0.3mm on one side, and processing for 0.8-1.2 hours; exchange->Milling allowance of the upper top surface and the lower top surface of the cow nose knife is 0.1mm; exchange->A3, semi-finishing the angle knife, namely basically forming the inner and outer frames of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade (see figures 13-15), leaving a margin of 0.05mm on the inner and outer side walls and the upper and lower top surfaces, and ensuring a surface finish Ra3.2, no obvious knife mark connection and stop over-cutting, and good consistency of appearance knife mark requirements;
4) Aging and standing the workpiece processed in the step 3) on a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry processing center for 4-5 hours, and waiting for processing stress elimination;
5) Then the workpiece with the processing stress eliminated is finished on the surface of a product in the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, and a primary cutter is installedA1, a knife with an angle of 0.002mm or less is confirmed to swing, firstly, the unilateral allowance of the semi-finished outer surface is 0.01mm, and then the unilateral allowance of the semi-finished inner surface is 0.01mm, and the top surface is machined in place; a new cutter with the same size is installed on the first cutter, and a finished product is in place; then, detecting the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade formed by processing by a probe arranged on a main shaft of a five-shaft full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, moving a contact on a probe measuring needle on the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade to acquire coordinate data of the curved surface, comparing the measured coordinate data with a preset value, and if the processing error exceeds an allowable value range, re-processing; if the machining error is within the allowable value range, the product is considered to be machined, the appearance of the machined product is detected to be free from any knife lines and over-cutting, the surface is deburred,the finish reaches Ra1.6mass, and the thickness of the inner wall and the outer wall is 1.5mm tolerance guarantee +/-0.05mm;
6) Clamping the processed 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade together with a 3R clamp to a three-coordinate detection machine tool, wherein the product detection requires contour degree +/-0.005mm, A reference flatness 0.005mm, hole perpendicularity 0.01mm relative to A reference, top surface parallelism 0.01mm relative to A reference, flatness 0.005mm, non-reference dimension error 0.02mm, hole and outer edge diameter dimension tolerance 0.02mm, concentricity tolerance 0.01mm, and the detection results generate detection reports and sample, and each part needs to be subjected to detection report and signature confirmation of quality inspection personnel;
7) The first section of workpiece is qualified in processing, the rest (b/d) -1 section of workpiece is continuously processed according to the step 2-6), and each workpiece needs to be detected and reported and is signed and confirmed by a quality inspector;
8) Burring and polishing by a fitter, and checking the surface quality of the blade; and removing the 3R clamp gasket Latin after the product is detected to be qualified.
This use five full bridge type longmen machining center of directly driving processing unmanned aerial vehicle gyration shape blade's technology, unmanned aerial vehicle gyration shape blade's curved surface is the 8 style of calligraphy of distortion, and unmanned aerial vehicle gyration shape blade needs five-axis linkage processing just can realize no grafting mark and tool mark, and its concrete embodiment is:
1) Selecting a blank, processing the blank by using a small horizontal lathe, wherein the blank is an aluminum alloy bar stock, the length of the blank is 180mm, clamping the blank bar stock at an automatic feed port of the small horizontal lathe, aligning a lathe, turning an end face, centering Kong Yuzuan, drilling a through hole, and measuring the single side by 0.01mm in diameterTooling holes, reaming by reamer to +.>Tolerance +0.01-0, outer surface turning circle diameter +.>Rough machining the unilateral with the allowance of 0.05mm, finish turning in place, clamping the end face of a workpiece by a subsidiary spindle of a small horizontal lathe with the total blank thickness of 36mm, and coarsening a grooving cutter to finish the processThe bar is cut into 5 segments on average in the length direction, so that the center of the 5 segments is provided with the diameter +.>The thickness of the tooling hole is 36 mm;
2) Continuing to process by using a common triaxial machine tool, wherein the center of the first section processed in the triaxial machine tool clamping step 1) has a diameterThe thickness of the tooling hole is 36mm, the end face of the outer circle is pressed, and the tooling hole is clamped>The cutter mills unilateral constant head tank in X+ direction, and the groove width is 5mm, and dark 3mm, fillet R1.6mm need open coarse amount 0.1, and finish machining is put in place again, and the bottom surface size is processed in place, guarantees straightness 0.01mm that hangs down to form and have the diameter>The tool hole and a circular workpiece with the thickness of 36mm, which is close to the tool hole, are milled on one side of the tool hole;
3) The five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center is used for machining the workpiece machined in the step 2), machining precision is required to be 0.002mm, a special tool for the workpiece is prepared, and the diameter of the middle locating pin is equal to that of the middle locating pinThe center M4 thread locks the workpiece, the front surface of the product is positioned and locked upwards, and the key groove is positioned towards X+; machining a top surface Z0 in a coordinate system XY; the workpiece is clamped, a two-dimensional drawing of a distorted 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade is designed and three-dimensional modeling is designed by utilizing CAD/CAM computer aided design software, a three-dimensional model of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade is built, a programming software is adopted to write a rough/finish machining numerical control program according to a process file, then the rough/finish machining numerical control program is processed and converted into an instruction code of a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, a machine adjuster is machined according to a machining program list, and firstly, rough machining is carried outUse->A3, cutting by an angle cutter, grooving the inner wall and the outer wall of the center of the product, removing the allowance at the periphery, leaving the allowance of 0.3mm on one side, and processing for 0.8-1.2 hours; exchange->Milling allowance of the upper top surface and the lower top surface of the cow nose knife is 0.1mm; exchange->A3, semi-finishing the angle cutter, namely basically forming the inner and outer frames of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle blade, leaving a margin of 0.05mm on the inner and outer side walls and the upper and lower top surfaces, and ensuring a surface finish Ra3.2, no obvious cutter mark and stop over-cutting, and good consistency of appearance cutter lines;
4) Aging and standing the workpiece processed in the step 3) on a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry processing center for 4-5 hours, and waiting for processing stress elimination;
5) Then the workpiece with the processing stress eliminated is finished on the surface of a product in the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, and a primary cutter is installedA1, a knife with an angle of 0.002mm or less is confirmed to swing, firstly, the unilateral allowance of the semi-finished outer surface is 0.01mm, and then the unilateral allowance of the semi-finished inner surface is 0.01mm, and the top surface is machined in place; a new cutter with the same size is installed on the first cutter, and a finished product is in place; then, detecting the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade formed by processing by a probe arranged on a main shaft of a five-shaft full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, moving a contact on a probe measuring needle on the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade to acquire coordinate data of the curved surface, comparing the measured coordinate data with a preset value, and if the processing error exceeds an allowable value range, re-processing; if the machining error is within the allowable value range, the product is considered to be machined, no knife lines or over-cuts need to be detected in appearance after machining, the surface is deburred, the finish reaches Ra1.6 mass, and the inner and outer wall thicknesses are as follows1.5mm tolerance guarantees +/-0.05mm;
6) Clamping the processed 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade together with a 3R clamp to a three-coordinate detection machine tool, wherein the product detection requires contour degree +/-0.005mm, A reference flatness 0.005mm, hole perpendicularity 0.01mm relative to A reference, top surface parallelism 0.01mm relative to A reference, flatness 0.005mm, non-reference dimension error 0.02mm, hole and outer edge diameter dimension tolerance 0.02mm, concentricity tolerance 0.01mm, and the detection results generate detection reports and sample, and each part needs to be subjected to detection report and signature confirmation of quality inspection personnel;
7) The first section of workpiece is qualified, the rest 4 sections of workpieces are continuously processed according to the step 2-6), and each workpiece needs to be detected and reported and is confirmed by a signature of a quality inspector;
8) Burring and polishing by a fitter, and checking the surface quality of the blade; and removing the 3R clamp gasket Latin after the product is detected to be qualified.
Further, the blank is aluminum alloy 6061And (5) bar stock.
Further, the process for processing the unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade by the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center further comprises the following steps:
9) And finally, carrying out surface treatment on the product by an anodic oxidation process, using a black coating, independently installing a sealing belt, and then placing the sealing belt into a paper box for storage, wherein sponge foam is required to be separated without direct contact.
The process for processing the unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade by using the five-axis full direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center has the advantages of high processing precision up to 0.002mm, high processing quality, no joint mark and no cutter mark, and the processed 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade is integrally formed, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle blade has good mechanical properties.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. Five full direct-drive bridge type longmen machining center, characterized by, include: the device comprises a base, a workbench, upright posts, a cross beam, a sliding table and a spindle box;
a linear motor is arranged between the cross beam and the upright post, so that the cross beam moves back and forth on the upright post;
a linear motor is arranged between the sliding table and the cross beam, so that the sliding table moves left and right on the cross beam;
a linear motor is arranged between the main shaft box on the sliding table and the sliding table, so that the main shaft box can move up and down on the sliding table;
the lower end of the main shaft box is provided with a swinging head, the lower end of the swinging head is provided with a cutter head, the swinging head is driven by a DDR motor, the main shaft rotates around a C shaft, and the swinging head rotates around an A shaft.
2. The five-axis full direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center is characterized by comprising 2 upright posts, wherein the 2 upright posts are distributed on the left side and the right side of a base, 2 linear guide rails are arranged on the upper surface of each upright post, 2 sliding blocks are arranged on the left end and the right end of a cross beam, the 2 sliding blocks at each end of the cross beam are mutually clamped with the linear guide rails on the corresponding upright posts, the cross beam is ensured to stably run on the upright posts along an X axis, a linear motor stator on the upper surface of each upright post is arranged between the 2 linear guide rails, a linear motor rotor at each end of the cross beam is arranged between the 2 sliding blocks, and a grating ruler is arranged on the outer side of each linear guide rail.
3. The five-axis full direct drive bridge gantry machining center according to claim 2, wherein a shield support is arranged at one end of the upper surface of each upright, and an anti-collision block is arranged at one end of the upper surface of each upright.
4. The five-axis full direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein a sliding table is arranged on the side surface of a cross beam, which faces a workbench, sliding blocks are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the outer surface of the cross beam, linear guide rails are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the cross beam, the linear guide rails on the cross beam are mutually clamped with the corresponding sliding blocks on the sliding table, smooth running of the sliding table on the cross beam along a Y axis is ensured, a linear motor stator on the cross beam is arranged between the upper linear guide rail and the lower linear guide rail, a linear motor rotor on the sliding table is arranged between the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block, collision prevention blocks are arranged at two ends of the linear guide rails, and grating scales are arranged on the outer sides of the linear guide rails.
5. The five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein linear guide rails are arranged on the left side and the right side of the surface of the sliding table, which faces the sliding table, the sliding blocks are arranged on the left side and the right side of the surface of the sliding table, the sliding blocks on the main shaft box are mutually clamped with corresponding linear guide rails on the sliding table, the main shaft box is ensured to stably run along a Z axis on the sliding blocks, linear motor stators are arranged between 2 linear guide rails of the sliding blocks, linear motor movers are arranged between 2 sliding blocks of the main shaft box, anti-collision blocks are arranged at two ends of the linear guide rails, and grating scales are arranged on the outer sides of the linear guide rails.
6. The five-axis full direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein the DDR motor comprises a mandrel, the mandrel is fixed in a motor housing through a bearing, the bearing plays a role in supporting the whole motor main body, a DDR motor rotor is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the mandrel, a DDR motor stator corresponding to the DDR motor rotor is arranged on the outer surface of the rotor, the bearing is arranged on one side close to the motor stator and the rotor, an oil seal is sleeved on the outer end, close to the bearing, of the mandrel, an upper cover is arranged on the outer side, close to the upper cover, of the mandrel, an oil seal is sleeved on the outer side, close to the upper cover, of the mandrel, an end cover is arranged on the outer side, close to the oil seal, of the mandrel, an oil seal three is arranged on the other end, far from the bearing, of the mandrel, of the tail cover is fixedly arranged on the tail cover, a circular grating fixing support is arranged between the tail cover and the motor rotor, and the circular grating is fixedly arranged on the circular grating fixing support.
7. The five-axis full direct-drive bridge gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein a probe is further installed on the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge gantry machining center, and the probe is connected to a main shaft of the machining center and moves along with the main shaft.
8. A process for processing a rotary blade of an unmanned aerial vehicle by using the five-axis full direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the curved surface of the rotary blade of the unmanned aerial vehicle is a distorted 8-shaped blade, and the process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Selecting a blank, and processing the blank by using a small horizontal lathe, wherein the blank isThe bar stock with the length of b mm is clamped at an automatic feed port of a small horizontal lathe, the lathe is used for tool setting, the end face is turned, the center Kong Yuzuan is turned, the single side of the through hole is drilled again, the diameter is 0.01mm, and the diameter is equal to the diameter of the single sideTooling holes, reaming by reamer to +.>Tolerance +0.01-0, outer surface turning circle diameter +.>Rough machining a single side with the allowance of 0.05mm, finely turning in place, enabling the total blank thickness to be d mm, enabling a subsidiary spindle of a small horizontal lathe to clamp the end face of a workpiece, enabling a grooving cutter to be rough, and evenly cutting the bar into b/d sections along the length direction, so that the center of the b/d section is provided with a diameter +.>The thickness of the tooling hole is d mm;
2) Continuing to process by using a common triaxial machine tool, wherein the center of the first section processed in the triaxial machine tool clamping step 1) has a diameterThe tool hole is a circular workpiece with the thickness of d mm, the end face of the outer circle is pressed, and the tool hole is clamped>The cutter mills unilateral constant head tank in X+ direction, and the groove width e mm, dark f mm, fillet R1.6mm need open coarse volume 0.1, and finish machining is put in place again, and the bottom surface size is processed in place, guarantees straightness 0.01mm that hangs down to form and have the diameter>The tool hole and a circular workpiece with the thickness of d mm, which is close to the tool hole, are milled on one side of the tool hole;
3) The five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center is used for machining the workpiece machined in the step 2), machining precision is required to be 0.002mm, a special tool for the workpiece is prepared, and the diameter of the middle locating pin is equal to that of the middle locating pinThe center M4 thread locks the workpiece, the front surface of the product is positioned and locked upwards, and the key groove is positioned towards X+; machining a top surface Z0 in a coordinate system XY; the workpiece is clamped, a two-dimensional drawing of a distorted 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade is designed and three-dimensional modeling is designed by utilizing CAD/CAM computer aided design software, a three-dimensional model of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade is built, a programming software is adopted to write a rough/finish machining numerical control program according to a process file, then the rough/finish machining numerical control program is processed and converted into an instruction code of a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, a machine adjuster is machined according to a machining program list, and firstly, rough machining is performed>The angle knife is opened roughly, the inner wall and the outer wall of the center of the product are grooved, the periphery is removed, the allowance of 0.3mm is reserved on one side, and the processing time is 0.8-1.2 hours; exchange->Milling allowance of the upper top surface and the lower top surface of the cow nose knife is 0.1mm; exchange->The angle cutter is semi-finished, the inner and outer frames of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade are basically molded, the left margin of 0.05mm is reserved on the inner and outer side walls and the upper and lower top surfaces, the surface finish degree Ra3.2 is achieved, obvious cutter connection marks and pause over-cutting are avoided, and the consistency of appearance cutter lines is good;
4) Aging and standing the workpiece processed in the step 3) on a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry processing center for 4-5 hours, and waiting for processing stress elimination;
5) Then the workpiece with the processing stress eliminated is finished on the surface of a product in the five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, and a primary cutter is installedThe angle knife is confirmed to swing within 0.002mm, firstly, the unilateral allowance of the semi-finished outer surface is 0.01mm, and then the unilateral allowance of the semi-finished inner surface is 0.01mm, and the top surface is machined in place; a new cutter with the same size is installed on the first cutter, and a finished product is in place; then, detecting the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade formed by processing by a probe arranged on a main shaft of a five-shaft full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center, moving a contact on a probe measuring needle on the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface of the 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade to acquire coordinate data of the curved surface, comparing the measured coordinate data with a preset value, and if the processing error exceeds an allowable value range, re-processing; if the machining error is within the allowable value range, the product is considered to be machined, the appearance of the product is required to be detected to be finished without any knife lines and over-cutting, the surface is deburred, the finish reaches Ra1.6 mass, and the tolerance of the thickness of the inner wall and the outer wall is 1.5mm so as to ensure +/-0.05mm;
6) Clamping the processed 8-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blade together with a 3R clamp to a three-coordinate detection machine tool, wherein the product detection requires contour degree +/-0.005mm, A reference flatness 0.005mm, hole perpendicularity 0.01mm relative to A reference, top surface parallelism 0.01mm relative to A reference, flatness 0.005mm, non-reference dimension error 0.02mm, hole and outer edge diameter dimension tolerance 0.02mm, concentricity tolerance 0.01mm, and the detection results generate detection reports and sample, and each part needs to be subjected to detection report and signature confirmation of quality inspection personnel;
7) The first section of workpiece is qualified in processing, the rest (b/d) -1 section of workpiece is continuously processed according to the steps 2) -6), and each workpiece needs to be detected and reported and is signed and confirmed by a quality inspection personnel;
8) Burring and polishing by a fitter, and checking the surface quality of the blade; and removing the 3R clamp gasket Latin after the product is detected to be qualified.
9. A process for machining a rotary blade of an unmanned aerial vehicle by a five-axis full direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center according to claim 8, which is characterized in that:
the blank is an aluminum alloy 6061 bar stock.
10. A process for machining unmanned aerial vehicle rotary blades according to any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein: further comprises:
9) And finally, carrying out surface treatment on the product by an anodic oxidation process, using a black coating, independently installing a sealing belt, and then placing the sealing belt into a paper box for storage, wherein sponge foam is required to be separated without direct contact.
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CN117400053A (en) * 2023-12-15 2024-01-16 淄博科瑞达智能装备科技有限公司 Tool rest balancing device for double-column lathe

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117066966A (en) * 2023-10-17 2023-11-17 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 Processing method for quantifying and adjusting angle of curved surface joint tool allowance between She Huankong entirety
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CN117400053A (en) * 2023-12-15 2024-01-16 淄博科瑞达智能装备科技有限公司 Tool rest balancing device for double-column lathe
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