CN116846478A - Orthogonal mixing method and device based on microwave photon serial modulation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quadrature mixing method based on microwave photon serial modulation. After intensity modulation is carried out on optical carriers comprising two subcarriers with different wavelengths by using local oscillation signals, a 90-degree phase is introduced to one subcarrier, and a primary modulation optical signal which only retains two orthogonal subcarriers and corresponding first-order single sidebands is generated; then intensity modulating the first-order modulated optical signal by using a radio frequency signal, separating two subcarriers and sideband signals thereof in the obtained second-order modulated optical signal, and respectively filtering the separated two paths of signals, wherein each first-order single sideband generated by the first-order modulation near the wavelength of the corresponding subcarrier and the first-order single sideband generated by the second-order modulation on the same side of the corresponding subcarrier are reserved; and respectively carrying out photoelectric detection on the two paths of filtered signals to obtain two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals. The invention also discloses a quadrature mixing device based on the microwave photon serial modulation. The invention can improve the phase quadrature stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a quadrature mixing method, in particular to a quadrature mixing method based on microwave photon serial modulation.
Background
The quadrature mixing can convert the radio frequency signal into a pair of quadrature intermediate frequency signals, is widely applied to the fields of radar, communication, microwave measurement and the like, and has great effects in the aspects of image frequency suppression, vector signal analysis, phase detection and the like. Along with the development of technology and the improvement of social demands, electronic systems are rapidly advancing toward high frequency and broadband. However, the traditional microwave quadrature mixing scheme is limited by an electronic bottleneck, has low working frequency band and small effective bandwidth, and is difficult to meet development requirements.
Compared with the traditional microwave quadrature mixing scheme, the microwave photon quadrature mixing is more and more paid attention to because of the advantages of large bandwidth, high isolation, strong electromagnetic interference resistance and the like. So far, researchers have proposed and experimentally demonstrated various photon-assisted microwave signal quadrature mixing schemes. Among these existing schemes, two main categories are: firstly, respectively modulating local oscillation signals and radio frequency signals in parallel by adopting an intensity/phase/polarization modulator, and introducing a 90-degree phase difference between the local oscillation signals and the radio frequency signals by utilizing different modulation nonlinear responses to realize quadrature mixing; and secondly, respectively modulating local oscillation signals and radio frequency signals on two paths of optical carriers, and introducing a 90-degree phase difference into the two paths of modulated optical signals through a 90-degree optical mixer to realize quadrature mixing. However, since both of these two modes inevitably utilize parallel modulation structures, the local oscillation signal and the radio frequency signal need to be transmitted in different optical fibers, so that the phase of the intermediate frequency demodulation signal obtained after quadrature mixing is susceptible to environmental interference and unstable.
In order to overcome the problem of microwave photon quadrature mixing under a parallel modulation structure, the Pan Shilong subject group provides a method and a device for microwave photon quadrature mixing based on cascade phase and polarization modulators in a chinese patent No. CN107707309 a. The concept of the technology is that a radio frequency signal and an intrinsic signal are sequentially modulated on an optical carrier by using a phase modulator and a polarization modulator which are sequentially cascaded, and the phase difference between two vertical polarization state modulation signals in the generated cascade modulation signals is 90 degrees; extracting a first-order single sideband signal of the cascade modulation signal and dividing the first-order single sideband signal into two paths; then, respectively carrying out polarization analysis on the two paths of first-order single sideband signals by utilizing two polarization analyzers with the included angles of the polarization direction and the polarization direction of the main shaft of the polarization modulator being 90 degrees and 45 degrees; and finally, respectively carrying out photoelectric detection on the two paths of signals after the deflection detection, and removing direct current components in the obtained electric signals to obtain a pair of intermediate frequency signals with the same amplitude and orthogonal phases. The technology realizes serial modulation of local oscillation signals and radio frequency signals in a cascade phase and polarization modulator mode, and improves the problem of phase instability caused by serial modulation to a certain extent. However, the technology utilizes polarization modulation to enable the phase difference between two perpendicular polarization state modulation signals to be 90 degrees, the polarization state is easily affected by the problems of fiber jitter, polarization control drift and the like, the polarization state is difficult to keep unchanged for a long time, the phase stability between the two modulation signals is affected, and the orthogonality between two paths of output intermediate frequency signals is finally deteriorated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing quadrature mixing method based on the serial modulation of the microwave photons adopts polarization regulation and control to solve the problem of poor phase stability, and provides the quadrature mixing method based on the serial modulation of the microwave photons, which does not depend on the polarization regulation and control, and has the advantages of higher working frequency, larger mixing bandwidth and stronger phase quadrature stability.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention specifically solves the technical problems as follows:
after intensity modulation is carried out on optical carriers containing two subcarriers with different wavelengths by using local oscillation signals, a programmable optical processor is utilized to introduce 90 DEG phase to one subcarrier, and a first-order modulated optical signal which only retains the two orthogonal subcarriers and corresponding first-order single sidebands is generated; then intensity modulating the first-level modulated optical signal by using a radio frequency signal, separating one subcarrier and a sideband signal thereof from the other subcarrier and a sideband signal thereof in the obtained second-level modulated optical signal, filtering the separated two paths of signals respectively, respectively reserving a first-order single sideband generated by the first-level modulation near the wavelength of the corresponding subcarrier and a first-order single sideband generated by the second-level modulation on the same side of the corresponding subcarrier relative to the subcarrier, wherein the first-order single sidebands generated by the second-level modulation contained in the two paths of signals are mutually orthogonal after filtering; and respectively carrying out photoelectric detection on the two paths of filtered signals to obtain two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals.
Further, the quadrature mixing method based on microwave photon serial modulation further comprises the following steps: direct current and/or harmonic components in the two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals are filtered.
Preferably, the optical carrier comprising two different wavelength sub-carriers is obtained by coupling or wavelength division multiplexing two different wavelength optical signals into one path.
Preferably, the separation of one subcarrier and its sideband signal from the other subcarrier and its sideband signal in the obtained two-stage modulated optical signal is achieved by filtering or wave-division multiplexing.
The following technical scheme can be obtained based on the same inventive concept:
a quadrature mixing device based on serial modulation of microwave photons, comprising:
the microwave photon local oscillation modulation and carrier phase shifting unit is used for generating a first-stage modulation optical signal which only keeps two orthogonal subcarriers and corresponding first-stage single sidebands by introducing 90 DEG phase to one subcarrier by using the programmable optical processor after intensity modulation is carried out on the optical carrier comprising two subcarriers with different wavelengths by using local oscillation signals; the microwave photon orthogonal modulation unit is used for carrying out intensity modulation on the primary modulation optical signal by using a radio frequency signal, separating one subcarrier and a sideband signal thereof from the other subcarrier and the sideband signal thereof in the obtained secondary modulation optical signal, then respectively filtering the separated two paths of signals, respectively reserving a first-order single sideband generated by primary modulation near the wavelength of the corresponding subcarrier and a first-order single sideband generated by secondary modulation on the same side of the corresponding subcarrier relative to the subcarrier, and mutually orthogonal the first-order single sidebands generated by secondary modulation contained in the two paths of signals after filtering;
and the photoelectric detection unit is used for respectively carrying out photoelectric detection on the two paths of filtered signals to obtain two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals.
Further, the quadrature mixing device based on microwave photon serial modulation further comprises: and the filtering unit is used for filtering direct current and/or harmonic components in the two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals.
Preferably, the optical carrier comprising two different wavelength sub-carriers is obtained by coupling or wavelength division multiplexing two different wavelength optical signals into one path.
Preferably, the separation of one subcarrier and its sideband signal from the other subcarrier and its sideband signal in the obtained two-stage modulated optical signal is achieved by filtering or wave-division multiplexing.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the local oscillation signal and the radio frequency signal are converted into the optical domain for processing through microwave photon modulation, so that the working frequency and the bandwidth of quadrature mixing are greatly improved; the serial modulation mode is utilized to realize single-channel transmission of local oscillation signals and radio frequency signals, so that the relative stability of phases of the two signals in the transmission process is ensured, the problem of unstable phases of parallel modulation is avoided, and the structure is more compact; furthermore, a 90-degree phase difference is introduced by using a programmable optical filter in the serial modulation process, additional polarization regulation and control are not needed, and the problem of orthogonality deterioration caused by polarization drift is avoided, so that stable quadrature mixing is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a specific embodiment of a quadrature mixing device based on microwave photon serial modulation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a response diagram of a programmable optical processor;
FIG. 3 is a schematic spectrum diagram of each node of the quadrature mixer device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a quadrature demodulation signal obtained by processing two paths of single-frequency signals by the quadrature mixer shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of a quadrature demodulation signal obtained by processing a wideband signal and a delayed signal of the quadrature mixer shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the problem of poor phase stability caused by adopting polarization regulation and control in the conventional quadrature frequency mixing method based on microwave photon serial modulation, the invention solves the problems that the local oscillation signal and the radio frequency signal are converted into an optical domain for processing, the working frequency range of the quadrature frequency mixing is improved, the synchronous transmission of the local oscillation signal and the radio frequency signal is realized by utilizing a serial modulation structure, the problem of unstable phase caused by parallel modulation is solved, and in the process of serial modulation by cascading two intensity modulators, a programmable optical filter is utilized to introduce a 90-degree phase difference, and no additional polarization regulation and control is needed, so that the more stable quadrature frequency mixing is realized.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
after intensity modulation is carried out on optical carriers containing two subcarriers with different wavelengths by using local oscillation signals, a programmable optical processor is utilized to introduce 90 DEG phase to one subcarrier, and a first-order modulated optical signal which only retains the two orthogonal subcarriers and corresponding first-order single sidebands is generated; then intensity modulating the first-level modulated optical signal by using a radio frequency signal, separating one subcarrier and a sideband signal thereof from the other subcarrier and a sideband signal thereof in the obtained second-level modulated optical signal, filtering the separated two paths of signals respectively, respectively reserving a first-order single sideband generated by the first-level modulation near the wavelength of the corresponding subcarrier and a first-order single sideband generated by the second-level modulation on the same side of the corresponding subcarrier relative to the subcarrier, wherein the first-order single sidebands generated by the second-level modulation contained in the two paths of signals are mutually orthogonal after filtering; and respectively carrying out photoelectric detection on the two paths of filtered signals to obtain two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals.
A quadrature mixing device based on serial modulation of microwave photons, comprising:
the microwave photon local oscillation modulation and carrier phase shifting unit is used for generating a first-stage modulation optical signal which only keeps two orthogonal subcarriers and corresponding first-stage single sidebands by introducing 90 DEG phase to one subcarrier by using the programmable optical processor after intensity modulation is carried out on the optical carrier comprising two subcarriers with different wavelengths by using local oscillation signals;
the microwave photon orthogonal modulation unit is used for carrying out intensity modulation on the primary modulation optical signal by using a radio frequency signal, separating one subcarrier and a sideband signal thereof from the other subcarrier and the sideband signal thereof in the obtained secondary modulation optical signal, then respectively filtering the separated two paths of signals, respectively reserving a first-order single sideband generated by primary modulation near the wavelength of the corresponding subcarrier and a first-order single sideband generated by secondary modulation on the same side of the corresponding subcarrier relative to the subcarrier, and mutually orthogonal the first-order single sidebands generated by secondary modulation contained in the two paths of signals after filtering;
and the photoelectric detection unit is used for respectively carrying out photoelectric detection on the two paths of filtered signals to obtain two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals.
In order to further improve the purity of the signal and reduce spurious components, direct current and/or harmonic components in the two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals can be filtered in an electric domain or digital domain filtering mode.
Preferably, the optical carrier comprising two different wavelength sub-carriers is obtained by coupling or wavelength division multiplexing two different wavelength optical signals into one path.
Preferably, the separation of one subcarrier and its sideband signal from the other subcarrier and its sideband signal in the obtained two-stage modulated optical signal is achieved by filtering or wave-division multiplexing.
For the convenience of public understanding, the following detailed description of the technical solution of the present invention will be given with reference to a specific embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the quadrature mixing device based on microwave photon serial modulation of the present embodiment includes: two lasers of different wavelengths, a wavelength division multiplexer, two Mach-Zehnder modulators, a programmable optical processor, a wavelength division demultiplexer, two optical filters, two photodetectors, two electrical filters, and two analog-to-digital converters. The two laser output ends are connected with the input end of the wavelength division multiplexer, and the wavelength division multiplexing output signals are sent to the light wave input end of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1; the optical wave output end of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1 is connected with a programmable optical processor; the output signal of the programmable optical processor is sent to the optical wave input end of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2; the optical wave output end of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2 is connected with a wave-division demultiplexer, and two paths of demultiplexed signals are respectively input to two optical filters; then each path is respectively cascaded with a photoelectric detector, an electric filter and an analog-to-digital converter, and finally the photoelectric detector, the electric filter and the analog-to-digital converter are sent to a personal computer.
As shown in fig. 1, the wavelength division multiplexer combines two paths of subcarriers with different wavelengths output by two lasers into one path of optical carrier to be input into the mach-zehnder modulator 1; the local oscillation signal drives the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1 to modulate the wavelength division multiplexing optical carrier signal, and the output modulated optical signal is input to the programmable optical processor; the 90-degree phase is introduced to the subcarrier of one wavelength through program control, and two orthogonal subcarriers and the corresponding positive/negative first-order modulation sidebands are filtered out. Specifically, the present embodiment uses a negative first-order single sideband, the response of the programmable optical processor is shown in fig. 2, and the spectrum of the obtained first-order modulated optical signal is shown in fig. 3 (a). The primary modulated optical signal is then modulated with a radio frequency signal, and the spectrum of the modulated optical signal output by the mach-zehnder modulator 2 is shown in fig. 3 (b). The output two-level modulated optical signals are subjected to wave division multiplexing and filtering to generate two paths of signals, positive/negative first-order sidebands generated by the first-level modulation nearby the wavelength of each subcarrier and positive/negative first-order sidebands generated by the second-level modulation on the same side of the first-level modulation relative to the corresponding subcarrier are respectively reserved, and the negative first-order sidebands generated by the second-level modulation relative to the subcarriers are reserved because the first-level modulation adopts the negative first-order sidebands. The spectra of the optical signals output from the optical filters 1 and 2 are shown in fig. 3 (c) and (d), respectively, and the negative first-order sidebands with respect to the subcarriers generated by the secondary modulation included therein are orthogonal to each other. After photoelectric detection is carried out on the two paths of optical signals respectively, a pair of intermediate frequency signals with the same amplitude and the same phase and orthogonal phase can be obtained, namely, the orthogonal frequency mixing function is realized, and the two paths of signals are finally sent to a personal computer for subsequent signal processing through filtering (direct current and/or harmonic components in the signals are filtered and can be also subjected to filtering processing in a subsequent digital domain).
Let the single wavelength laser frequency generated by two lasers be f c1 And f c2 The optical carrier signal after wavelength division multiplexing is
After being modulated by local oscillation signals, the modulated optical signals output by the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1 are
Wherein f ref Is the local oscillator signal frequency. The signal is sent to a programmable optical processor for phase and filtering processing, and the obtained signal is
Then, the signal is inputted to the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2, and the signal obtained by modulating the radio frequency signal is
Wherein f x Is the frequency of the radio frequency signal. Using wave-division multiplexer to divide f c1 And f c2 The nearby sidebands are separated, and two paths of optical signals are obtained after filtering and respectively expressed as
Finally, the two paths of optical signals are obtained after photoelectric conversion
i I ∝sin[2π(f ref -f x )t] (7)
i Q ∝cos[2π(f ref -f x )t] (8)
It can be seen that two quadrature intermediate frequency demodulation signals with a phase difference of 90 ° are obtained, and the amplitudes of the two signals can be kept consistent I, Q by properly adjusting the bias voltage of the mach-zehnder modulator.
In order to verify the technical effect of the invention, experimental verification is carried out on the quadrature mixing method based on the microwave photon serial modulation. First, local oscillation signals are set as single-frequency signals of 10.05GHz, 12.05GHz, 14.05GHz, 16.05GHz and 18.05GHz in sequence, corresponding radio-frequency signals are set as single-frequency signals of 10GHz, 12GHz, 14GHz, 16GHz and 18GHz in sequence, and five groups of 50MHz intermediate-frequency signals obtained after quadrature mixing are shown in (a) to (e) of fig. 4. It can be seen that the intermediate frequency demodulated signal maintains good orthogonality in all results. Then, the local oscillation signal is set as a broadband linear frequency modulation signal (frequency: 10-18 GHz), the corresponding radio frequency signal is set as a delay signal of the linear frequency modulation signal, two paths of intermediate frequency signals obtained after quadrature mixing are shown in fig. 5, the phases of the two paths of signals are orthogonal, and the technical scheme provided by the invention has better phase quadrature stability under the broadband condition.
Claims (8)
1. A quadrature mixing method based on microwave photon serial modulation is characterized in that after intensity modulation is carried out on optical carriers comprising two subcarriers with different wavelengths by local oscillation signals, a programmable optical processor is utilized to introduce 90 DEG phase to one subcarrier, and a primary modulation optical signal which only retains the two quadrature subcarriers and corresponding first-order single sidebands is generated; then intensity modulating the first-level modulated optical signal by using a radio frequency signal, separating one subcarrier and a sideband signal thereof from the other subcarrier and a sideband signal thereof in the obtained second-level modulated optical signal, filtering the separated two paths of signals respectively, respectively reserving a first-order single sideband generated by the first-level modulation near the wavelength of the corresponding subcarrier and a first-order single sideband generated by the second-level modulation on the same side of the corresponding subcarrier relative to the subcarrier, wherein the first-order single sidebands generated by the second-level modulation contained in the two paths of signals are mutually orthogonal after filtering; and respectively carrying out photoelectric detection on the two paths of filtered signals to obtain two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals.
2. The quadrature mixing method based on microwave photon serial modulation of claim 1, further comprising: direct current and/or harmonic components in the two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals are filtered.
3. The quadrature mixing method of claim 1, wherein the optical carrier comprising two different wavelength sub-carriers is obtained by coupling or wavelength division multiplexing two different wavelength optical signals into one path.
4. The quadrature mixing method based on microwave photon serial modulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the separation of one subcarrier and its sideband signal from the other subcarrier and its sideband signal in the obtained two-stage modulated optical signal is achieved by filtering or wave-division multiplexing.
5. A quadrature mixing device based on serial modulation of microwave photons, comprising:
the microwave photon local oscillation modulation and carrier phase shifting unit is used for generating a first-stage modulation optical signal which only keeps two orthogonal subcarriers and corresponding first-stage single sidebands by introducing 90 DEG phase to one subcarrier by using the programmable optical processor after intensity modulation is carried out on the optical carrier comprising two subcarriers with different wavelengths by using local oscillation signals;
the microwave photon orthogonal modulation unit is used for carrying out intensity modulation on the primary modulation optical signal by using a radio frequency signal, separating one subcarrier and a sideband signal thereof from the other subcarrier and the sideband signal thereof in the obtained secondary modulation optical signal, then respectively filtering the separated two paths of signals, respectively reserving a first-order single sideband generated by primary modulation near the wavelength of the corresponding subcarrier and a first-order single sideband generated by secondary modulation on the same side of the corresponding subcarrier relative to the subcarrier, and mutually orthogonal the first-order single sidebands generated by secondary modulation contained in the two paths of signals after filtering;
and the photoelectric detection unit is used for respectively carrying out photoelectric detection on the two paths of filtered signals to obtain two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals.
6. The quadrature mixing device based on microwave photonic serial modulation of claim 5 further comprising: and the filtering unit is used for filtering direct current and/or harmonic components in the two paths of orthogonal intermediate frequency demodulation signals.
7. The quadrature mixer apparatus of claim 5 wherein the optical carrier comprising two different wavelength sub-carriers is obtained by coupling or wavelength division multiplexing two different wavelength optical signals together.
8. The quadrature mixing apparatus based on microwave photon serial modulation as claimed in claim 5 wherein said separating one subcarrier and its sideband signal from the other subcarrier and its sideband signal in the obtained two-level modulated optical signal is achieved by filtering or wave-division multiplexing.
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