CN116838456A - 氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置及工作方法 - Google Patents
氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置及工作方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116838456A CN116838456A CN202310931968.5A CN202310931968A CN116838456A CN 116838456 A CN116838456 A CN 116838456A CN 202310931968 A CN202310931968 A CN 202310931968A CN 116838456 A CN116838456 A CN 116838456A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ammonia
- nox
- sensor
- fuel engine
- storage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 569
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 281
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/021—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting ammonia NH3
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/18—Ammonia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置及工作方法,包括:氨存储释放器、氨存储和释放催化剂、混合器、选择性催化还原器以及氨氧化催化器;氨燃料发动机排放口后依次连接所述氨存储释放器、所述混合器、所述选择性催化还原器以及所述氨氧化催化器;所述氨存储释放器内部配置所述氨存储和释放催化剂。本发明可通过氨存储释放器实现氨燃料发动机未燃氨的灵活存储和释放,应对氨燃料发动机不同工况下未燃氨和NOx排放的比例差异,时刻保证选择性催化还原器前最佳的还原剂氨和NOx比例,从而实现氨燃料发动机尾气中未燃氨和NOx的一体净化,同时免去额外的还原剂储存、供给及喷射系统。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及氨燃料发动机尾气处理装置,具体地,涉及氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置及工作方法。
背景技术
传统柴油机采用选择性催化还原器(SCR)处理尾气中的NOx,在SCR前端进行还原剂尿素或氨喷射,并在SCR后端安装氨氧化催化器(ASC)对过量逃逸的氨进行氧化处理。由于氨燃烧特性差,氨燃料发动机尾气中除NOx之外还夹带有未燃氨,后者可作为SCR反应的还原剂,从而免去额外的还原剂供应和喷射系统。遗憾的是,现有技术方案中未能针对氨燃料发动机尾气特性进行后处理装置的优化设计,无法应对氨燃料发动机不同工况下尾气中未燃氨和NOx成分差异变化大的问题,同时仍然延续额外还原剂喷射的方案,未能充分利用氨燃料发动机尾气中的未燃氨。
例如,专利文献CN114856764A公开了一种氨燃料发动机的尾气处理系统、发动机和船舶,可以应用于尾气处理技术领域。本发明系统通过第一除水装置对发动机排放的尾气进行除水,通过氮氧化合物捕集器将除水后的尾气与氢气进行反应后生成少量的氨气,通过设置的管道收集氮氧化合物捕集器输出的部分尾气,以利用尾气的余热向设置的氨气合成装置提供热量,使氨气合成装置合成氨气,将剩余尾气和氨气输出到设置的换热器,再利用设置的脱硝装置将尾气和氨气还原成氮气和水后,通过设置的液氮换热器分离出不可冷凝的气体并收集氨气,接着通过水箱和第二除水装置排除一氧化二氮和水后,再利用氮气分离装置分离出氮气和氧气,从而实现氨气的收集和废气的回收利用。专利文献CN217206623U公开了一种用于氢-氨燃料发动机排气的后处理装置,包括排气催化装置和氨气供给装置,排气催化装置用于转化排气中的氨气NH3和氮氧化物NOX,氨气供给装置用于给排气催化装置内供给氨气NH3;排气催化装置包括依次连接的第一SCR催化器、第一排气管、第二SCR催化器、第二排气管和氨逃逸催化器ASC,第一SCR催化器的进口与氢-氨燃料发动机的排气管出口连接,氨气供给装置的末端安装在第一排气管上。目前现有的尾气处理装置结构复杂、需要额外供给还原剂氨、且未能达到一体净化的目标。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷,本发明的目的是提供一种氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置及工作方法。
根据本发明提供的一种氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置,包括:氨存储释放器、氨存储和释放催化剂、混合器、选择性催化还原器以及氨氧化催化器;
氨燃料发动机排放口后依次连接所述氨存储释放器、所述混合器、所述选择性催化还原器以及所述氨氧化催化器;
所述氨存储释放器内部配置所述氨存储和释放催化剂。
优选地,所述氨燃料发动机和所述氨存储释放器之间设置第一NOx传感器和第一氨传感器,所述混合器和所述选择性催化还原器之间设置第二NOx传感器和第二氨传感器,所述氨氧化催化器远离所述氨燃料发动机一端设置第三NOx传感器和第三氨传感器。
优选地,所述氨存储释放器、所述第一NOx传感器、所述第一氨传感器、所述第二NOx传感器、所述第二氨传感器、所述第三NOx传感器以及所述第三氨传感器连接控制器。
优选地,所述氨存储和释放催化剂的种类包括分子筛催化剂、贵金属催化剂和金属氧化物催化剂。
优选地,所述分子筛催化剂的类型包括3A分子筛、4A分子筛、5A分子筛、10Z分子筛、13Z分子筛、Y型分子筛、Beta分子筛、ZSM5分子筛、SAPO型分子筛。
优选地,所述氨存储释放器内设置单层或多层的所述氨存储和释放催化剂。
优选地,所述氨燃料发动机的工作模式包括压燃式、柴油引燃式以及火花点火式。
优选地,一种所述氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置的工作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,所述第一NOx传感器和所述第一氨传感器分别测量氨燃料发动机尾气中的NOx和未燃氨含量并反馈给所述控制器;
步骤S2,当所述氨燃料发动机尾气中未燃氨相对于NOx过量时,所述控制器控制所述氨存储释放器工作,所述氨存储释放器在氨存储模式存储过量的氨;
同时,所述控制器采集所述第二NOx传感器和所述第二氨传感器数据确保所述选择性催化还原器前适宜的氨和NOx比例用于SCR反应,实现未燃氨和NOx一体净化;
步骤S3,当所述氨燃料发动机尾气中NOx相对于未燃氨过量时,所述控制器控制所述氨存储释放器工作在氨释放模式释放还原剂氨用于所述选择性催化还原器中的SCR反应;
同时,所述控制器采集第二NOx传感器和所述第二氨传感器数据确保所述选择性催化还原器前适宜的氨和NOx比例用于SCR反应,实现未燃氨和NOx一体净化;
步骤S4,根据所述第一NOx传感器和所述第一氨传感器的测量值,结合所述氨燃料发动机尾气流量,实时计算所述氨存储释放器中的氨存储量,并在氨存储满状态下释放过量的氨至所述氨氧化催化器转换为环境友好的氮气;
步骤S5,所述第三NOx传感器和所述第三氨传感器确认所述氨氧化催化器之后的NOx和未燃氨排放是否达标。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:
本发明可通过氨存储释放器实现氨燃料发动机未燃氨的灵活存储和释放,应对氨燃料发动机不同工况下未燃氨和NOx排放的比例差异,时刻保证选择性催化还原器前最佳的还原剂氨和NOx比例,从而实现氨燃料发动机尾气中未燃氨和NOx的一体净化,同时免去额外的还原剂储存、供给及喷射系统。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:
图1为处理装置的原理图;
图中所示:
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变化和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
如图1所示,本实施例包括:氨存储释放器2、氨存储和释放催化剂3、混合器4、选择性催化还原器5以及氨氧化催化器6;氨燃料发动机1排放口后依次连接氨存储释放器2、混合器4、选择性催化还原器5以及氨氧化催化器6,氨存储释放器2内部配置单层或多层的氨存储和释放催化剂3。氨存储释放器2上设置有开关阀并通过开关阀配合控制器9实现投入催化剂的数量和尾气在氨存储释放器2中流速的调整。
氨燃料发动机1和氨存储释放器2之间设置第一NOx传感器701和第一氨传感器801,混合器4和选择性催化还原器5之间设置第二NOx传感器702和第二氨传感器802,氨氧化催化器6远离氨燃料发动机1一端设置第三NOx传感器703和第三氨传感器803。氨存储释放器2、第一NOx传感器701、第一氨传感器801、第二NOx传感器702、第二氨传感器802、第三NOx传感器703以及第三氨传感器803连接控制器9。
氨存储和释放催化剂3的种类包括分子筛催化剂、贵金属催化剂和金属氧化物催化剂。分子筛催化剂的类型包括3A分子筛、4A分子筛、5A分子筛、10Z分子筛、13Z分子筛、Y型分子筛、Beta分子筛、ZSM5分子筛、SAPO型分子筛。氨燃料发动机1的工作模式包括压燃式、柴油引燃式以及火花点火式。
工作原理:
首先,第一NOx传感器701和第一氨传感器801分别测量氨燃料发动机1尾气中的NOx和未燃氨含量并反馈给控制器9。当氨燃料发动机1尾气中未燃氨相对于NOx过量时,控制器9控制氨存储释放器2工作,氨存储释放器2在氨存储模式存储过量的氨;同时,控制器9采集第二NOx传感器702和第二氨传感器802数据确保选择性催化还原器5前适宜的氨和NOx比例用于SCR反应,实现未燃氨和NOx一体净化;当氨燃料发动机1尾气中NOx相对于未燃氨过量时,控制器9控制氨存储释放器2工作在氨释放模式释放还原剂氨用于选择性催化还原器5中的SCR反应;同时,控制器9采集第二NOx传感器702和第二氨传感器802数据确保选择性催化还原器5前适宜的氨和NOx比例用于SCR反应,实现未燃氨和NOx一体净化。然后,根据第一NOx传感器701和第一氨传感器801的测量值,结合氨燃料发动机1尾气流量,实时计算氨存储释放器2中的氨存储量,并在氨存储满状态下释放过量的氨至氨氧化催化器6转换为环境友好的氮气;最后,第三NOx传感器703和第三氨传感器803确认氨氧化催化器6之后的NOx和未燃氨排放是否达标。
在一种实施方式中,当未燃氨相对于NOx过量时,控制氨存储释放器2上的多数开关阀处于打开状态,投入更多催化剂加强未燃氨吸附,此时,增加的流通面积也可降低尾气流速利于未燃氨吸附;当少数工况下NOx相对于未燃氨过量时,关闭多数开关阀,减小流通面积降低未燃氨吸附,同时通过控制器9对氨存储释放器2加热实现氨释放模式。
实施例2
实施例2作为实施例1的优选例。
如图1所示,本实施例包括:氨燃料发动机1、氨存储释放器2、氨存储和释放催化剂3、混合器4、选择性催化还原器5、氨氧化催化器6、NOx传感器、氨传感器、控制器9;氨存储释放器2、混合器4、选择性催化还原器5、氨氧化催化器6依次相连,且后置于氨燃料发动机1。控制器9通过控制尾气在氨存储释放器2内部的流速、氨存储和释放催化剂3温度等方式实现氨存储释放器2内部氨存储和释放的灵活控制。
设置第一NOx传感器701和第一氨传感器801分别测量氨燃料发动机1尾气中的NOx和未燃氨,设置第二NOx传感器702和第二氨传感器802分别测量混合器4和选择性催化还原器5之间的NOx和未燃氨,设置第三NOx传感器703和第三氨传感器803测量氨氧化催化器6之后的NOx和未燃氨排放是否达标。第一NOx传感器701、第二NOx传感器702、第三NOx传感器703、第一氨传感器801、第二氨传感器802、第三氨传感器803、氨存储释放器2连接控制器9。
在一种实施方式中,氨存储释放器2内部配置氨存储和释放催化剂3,氨存储和释放催化剂3种类包括:分子筛催化剂、贵金属催化剂和金属氧化物催化剂。
在一种实施方式中,分子筛催化剂的类型包括:3A分子筛、4A分子筛、5A分子筛、10Z分子筛、13Z分子筛、Y型分子筛、Beta分子筛、ZSM5分子筛以及SAPO型分子筛。
在一种实施方式中,氨存储和释放催化剂3的结构包括单层和多层。
在一种实施方式中,氨燃料发动机1的工作模式包括压燃式、柴油引燃式、火花点火式。
本实施例还提供了具备氨存储和释放功能的氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置的工作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,第一NOx传感器701和第一氨传感器801分别测量氨燃料发动机1尾气中的NOx和未燃氨并反馈控制器9;
步骤S2,当氨燃料发动机1尾气中未燃氨相对于NOx过量时,控制器9控制氨存储释放器2工作在氨存储模式存储过量的氨;
同时,控制器9采集第二NOx传感器702和第二氨传感器802数据确保选择性催化还原器5前适宜的氨和NOx比例用于SCR反应,实现未燃氨和NOx一体净化;
步骤S3,当氨燃料发动机1尾气中NOx相对于未燃氨过量时,控制器9控制氨存储释放器2工作在氨释放模式释放还原剂氨用于选择性催化还原器5中的SCR反应;
同时,控制器9采集第二NOx传感器702和第二氨传感器802数据确保选择性催化还原器5前适宜的氨和NOx比例用于SCR反应,实现未燃氨和NOx一体净化;
步骤S4,根据第一氨传感器801和第二氨传感器802的测量值,结合氨燃料发动机1尾气流量,实时计算氨存储释放器2中的氨存储量,并在氨存储满状态下释放过量的氨至氨氧化催化器6转换为环境友好的氮气;
步骤S5,第三NOx传感器703和第三氨传感器803确认氨氧化催化器6之后的NOx和未燃氨排放是否达标。
在本申请的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。
Claims (9)
1.一种氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置,其特征在于,包括:氨存储释放器(2)、氨存储和释放催化剂(3)、混合器(4)、选择性催化还原器(5)以及氨氧化催化器(6);
氨燃料发动机(1)排放口后依次连接所述氨存储释放器(2)、所述混合器(4)、所述选择性催化还原器(5)以及所述氨氧化催化器(6);
所述氨存储释放器(2)内部配置所述氨存储和释放催化剂(3)。
2.根据权利要求1所述氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置,其特征在于:所述氨燃料发动机(1)和所述氨存储释放器(2)之间设置第一NOx传感器(701)和第一氨传感器(801),所述混合器(4)和所述选择性催化还原器(5)之间设置第二NOx传感器(702)和第二氨传感器(802),所述氨氧化催化器(6)远离所述氨燃料发动机(1)一端设置第三NOx传感器(703)和第三氨传感器(803)。
3.根据权利要求2所述氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置,其特征在于:所述氨存储释放器(2)、所述第一NOx传感器(701)、所述第一氨传感器(801)、所述第二NOx传感器(702)、所述第二氨传感器(802)、所述第三NOx传感器(703)以及所述第三氨传感器(803)连接控制器(9)。
4.根据权利要求1所述氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置,其特征在于:所述氨存储和释放催化剂(3)的种类包括分子筛催化剂、贵金属催化剂和金属氧化物催化剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置,其特征在于:所述分子筛催化剂的类型包括3A分子筛、4A分子筛、5A分子筛、10Z分子筛、13Z分子筛、Y型分子筛、Beta分子筛、ZSM5分子筛、SAPO型分子筛。
6.根据权利要求1所述氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置,其特征在于:所述氨存储释放器(2)内设置单层或多层的所述氨存储和释放催化剂(3)。
7.根据权利要求1所述氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置,其特征在于:所述氨燃料发动机(1)的工作模式包括压燃式、柴油引燃式以及火花点火式。
8.根据权利要求3所述氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置,其特征在于:所述氨存储释放器(2)上设置有开关阀并通过所述开关阀配合控制器(9)实现投入催化剂的数量和尾气在氨存储释放器(2)中流速的调整。
9.一种权利要求3所述氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置的工作方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,所述第一NOx传感器(701)和所述第一氨传感器(801)分别测量氨燃料发动机(1)尾气中的NOx和未燃氨含量并反馈给所述控制器(9);
步骤S2,当所述氨燃料发动机(1)尾气中未燃氨相对于NOx过量时,所述控制器(9)控制所述氨存储释放器(2)工作,所述氨存储释放器(2)在氨存储模式存储过量的氨;
同时,所述控制器(9)采集所述第二NOx传感器(702)和所述第二氨传感器(802)数据确保所述选择性催化还原器(5)前适宜的氨和NOx比例用于SCR反应,实现未燃氨和NOx一体净化;
步骤S3,当所述氨燃料发动机(1)尾气中NOx相对于未燃氨过量时,所述控制器(9)控制所述氨存储释放器(2)工作在氨释放模式释放还原剂氨用于所述选择性催化还原器(5)中的SCR反应;
同时,所述控制器(9)采集第二NOx传感器(702)和所述第二氨传感器(802)数据确保所述选择性催化还原器(5)前适宜的氨和NOx比例用于SCR反应,实现未燃氨和NOx一体净化;
步骤S4,根据所述第一NOx传感器(701)和所述第一氨传感器(801)的测量值,结合所述氨燃料发动机(1)尾气流量,实时计算所述氨存储释放器(2)中的氨存储量,并在氨存储满状态下释放过量的氨至所述氨氧化催化器(6)转换为环境友好的氮气;
步骤S5,所述第三NOx传感器(703)和所述第三氨传感器(803)确认所述氨氧化催化器(6)之后的NOx和未燃氨排放是否达标。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310931968.5A CN116838456A (zh) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | 氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置及工作方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310931968.5A CN116838456A (zh) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | 氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置及工作方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN116838456A true CN116838456A (zh) | 2023-10-03 |
Family
ID=88170764
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310931968.5A Pending CN116838456A (zh) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | 氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置及工作方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN116838456A (zh) |
-
2023
- 2023-07-26 CN CN202310931968.5A patent/CN116838456A/zh active Pending
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10113465B2 (en) | Systems and methods to reduce reductant consumption in exhaust aftertreatment systems | |
CN101220761B (zh) | 用于选择性催化还原的多种还原剂的处理 | |
US10267198B2 (en) | Device and method for impacting the amount of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine | |
CN101845978B (zh) | 具有四效和尿素scr催化器的排气处理系统及使用方法 | |
US8418443B2 (en) | Method of treating pollutants contained in exhaust gases, notably of an internal-combustion engine, and system using same | |
JP6114305B2 (ja) | 排気後処理システム及びそのシステムを操作する方法 | |
CN111527288B (zh) | 具有混合动力推进系统的车辆的启动方法 | |
US20150143798A1 (en) | System and method of purifying exhaust gas | |
KR20150096328A (ko) | 내연기관 | |
US8250857B2 (en) | Exhaust aftertreatment system | |
CN101979846A (zh) | 包括稀NOx捕集器和二元催化剂的排气处理系统及其使用方法 | |
CN102220895A (zh) | 用于涡轮增压发动的紧密连接的排气后处理系统 | |
US9803525B2 (en) | Exhaust purification device and method of calculating NOx mass adsorbed in lean NOx trap of exhaust purification device | |
US9945278B2 (en) | Exhaust gas mixer | |
CN101617104A (zh) | 用于在机动车的内燃机中产生废气处理用氨的方法和设备 | |
US9835067B2 (en) | Exhaust purification device and method of calculating NOx mass reduced from lean NOx trap during regeneration | |
KR20160067047A (ko) | 연소 엔진에 의해 작동되는 차량용, 특히 선박용 배기 가스 후처리 시스템 | |
US20240110499A1 (en) | Valve arrangement for split-flow close-coupled catalyst | |
RU2462602C2 (ru) | Система управления контуром распределения реагента в выхлопной линии | |
KR20180041195A (ko) | 배기 처리 시스템 및 배기가스 스트림 처리 방법 | |
CN116838456A (zh) | 氨燃料发动机排放一体净化后处理装置及工作方法 | |
CN108612577A (zh) | 一种船舶活性炭法尾气脱硝装置及方法 | |
KR102154377B1 (ko) | 에너지 절감을 위한 scr 시스템 | |
KR20170099118A (ko) | Scr 시스템 | |
KR102154368B1 (ko) | 엔진용 scr 시스템 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |