CN116838441A - Closed air Brayton cycle inventory control system and operation method - Google Patents
Closed air Brayton cycle inventory control system and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116838441A CN116838441A CN202310950124.5A CN202310950124A CN116838441A CN 116838441 A CN116838441 A CN 116838441A CN 202310950124 A CN202310950124 A CN 202310950124A CN 116838441 A CN116838441 A CN 116838441A
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
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- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a closed air Brayton cycle inventory control system and an operation method, which are applied to the field of power cycle variable load control and regulation and play roles in changing the internal pressure of the cycle and regulating the output power. The inventory control system adopts two air tanks to match ten groups of control valves and an auxiliary compressor, and solves the problem of gas exchange between the closed air Brayton cycle and the atmospheric environment by filling and discharging working medium filling quantity in the working medium air conditioning cycle. In the starting, load instruction ascending and descending processes of the closed air brayton cycle, the opening degree of a specific control valve and the operation state of an auxiliary compressor are regulated, and the filling quantity and pressure of working media in the cycle are changed, so that the output power of the system reaches the load instruction target. The inventory control system can be used for completing the starting and variable load operation processes, so that the variable load flexibility and the environmental adaptability of the closed air Brayton cycle system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power circulation, in particular to a closed air Brayton cycle inventory control system and an operation method.
Background
With the rapid development of the fourth generation nuclear reactor technology, land-based mobile micro-reactor technology has attracted great attention from country to country. The land-based movable micro pile has the advantages of high power density, good reliability and long service life for years, can be rapidly moved and deployed on a vehicle, an onboard vehicle and a ship, can provide energy in high and cold, polar regions and ocean environments, and has potential application value in the fields of military power, ocean scientific investigation, rescue and relief work and the like. The movable micro-stack power system has the characteristics of high efficiency, compactness and flexibility, and the environment adaptability of the movable micro-stack power system can be further improved by taking air as a closed Brayton cycle working medium. The inventory control method is an important means for changing the load of the Brayton cycle, and the output power of the system is enabled to change along with the external load by changing the filling quantity of working media in the cycle and adjusting the circulating pressure and the mass flow. The traditional inventory control system consists of an air storage tank and an inlet and outlet branch with a control valve, wherein the inlet of the air storage tank is connected with a high-pressure pipeline in the circulation, and the outlet of the air storage tank is connected with a low-pressure pipeline in the circulation. When the load drops, a control valve of an outlet branch of the gas storage tank is closed, a control valve of an inlet branch of the gas storage tank is opened, and redundant working media are discharged into the gas storage tank through a high-pressure pipeline; when the load rises, the control valve of the gas storage tank inlet branch is closed, the control valve of the gas storage tank outlet branch is opened, and working media in the gas storage tank are discharged into the circulating low-pressure pipeline. During operation of the closed air brayton cycle, the cycle often requires gas exchange with the atmosphere, and it is therefore necessary to design a new inventory control system for the cycle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a closed air Brayton cycle inventory control system and an operation method thereof, which are used for adjusting the working medium filling amount in a cycle through gas exchange between the closed air Brayton cycle and the atmospheric environment, so as to improve the load-changing flexibility and the environmental adaptability of the closed air Brayton cycle system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a closed air brayton cycle inventory control system is built on a closed air brayton cycle, typically consisting of a compressor, regenerator, heater, turbine, cooler and control valve. The outlet of the compressor is connected with the cold side inlet of the heat regenerator, the outlet of the cold side of the heat regenerator is connected with the inlet of the heater, the outlet of the heater is connected with the inlet of the turbine, the outlet of the turbine is connected with the hot side inlet of the heat regenerator, the outlet of the hot side of the heat regenerator is connected with the inlet of the cooler, and the outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the compressor. In addition to the main components, the closed air brayton cycle also contains three control valves. The first control valve is positioned on the bypass of the compressor, and two ends of the first control valve are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the compressor; the second control valve is positioned on the turbine bypass, and two ends of the second control valve are respectively connected with the heater outlet and the turbine outlet; the third control valve is positioned on the turbine inlet pipeline, and the two ends of the third control valve are respectively connected with the heater outlet and the turbine inlet. A closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline is arranged between the compressor outlet and the cold side inlet of the heat regenerator; a closed air brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline is arranged between the hot side outlet of the heat regenerator and the inlet of the cooler.
A closed air Brayton cycle inventory control system is composed of an auxiliary compressor, two air storage tanks and a control valve. The two air tanks are a first air tank and a second air tank respectively and are used for storing working medium air; the fourth control valve is positioned on the exhaust pipeline of the first air storage tank, and two ends of the fourth control valve are respectively connected with the atmosphere and the first air storage tank; the fifth control valve is positioned on the exhaust pipeline of the second air storage tank, and two ends of the fifth control valve are respectively connected with the atmosphere and the second air storage tank; the sixth control valve is arranged on the closed air brayton cycle exhaust pipe, and two ends of the sixth control valve are respectively connected with the inlet of the cooler of the closed air brayton cycle and the atmosphere; the first air storage tank, the second air storage tank and the closed air brayton cycle can discharge redundant working medium air to the atmosphere through a fourth control valve, a fifth control valve and a sixth control valve respectively, so that the pressure is reduced; the control valve No. seven is positioned on a closed air Brayton cycle high-pressure air release pipeline, the control valve No. eight is positioned on an air storage tank I air charging and discharging pipeline, the control valve No. nine is positioned on an air storage tank II air charging and discharging pipeline, the air storage tank No. ten is positioned on a closed air Brayton cycle low-pressure air charging pipeline, and the four pipelines are provided with a junction; two ends of the seventh control valve are respectively connected with an outlet and a junction of the closed air brayton cycle compressor, two ends of the eighth control valve are respectively connected with a first air storage tank and a junction, two ends of the ninth control valve are respectively connected with a second air storage tank and a junction, and two ends of the tenth control valve are respectively connected with the junction and an inlet of the closed air brayton cycle cooler; the closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline can release redundant working medium air to the two air storage tanks through a seventh control valve, an eighth control valve and a ninth control valve; and working medium air is supplemented from the two air storage tanks through a closed air Brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline by a control valve No. eight, a control valve No. nine and a control valve No. ten. The eleven control valve is positioned on a gas supplementing pipeline of the first gas storage tank, and two ends of the eleven control valve are respectively connected with the first gas storage tank and an outlet of the auxiliary compressor; the twelve-number control valve is positioned on a gas supplementing pipeline of the second gas storage tank, and two ends of the twelve-number control valve are respectively connected with the second gas storage tank and an outlet of the auxiliary compressor; the thirteen control valve is positioned on the closed air brayton cycle air supplementing pipeline, and two ends of the thirteen control valve are respectively connected with the inlet of the closed air brayton cycle cooler and the outlet of the auxiliary compressor. The inlet of the auxiliary compressor is connected with the atmospheric environment, and the outlet of the auxiliary compressor is respectively connected with an eleventh control valve, a twelfth control valve and a thirteenth control valve; after the external air is pressurized by the auxiliary compressor, the external air can flow into the first air storage tank, the second air storage tank and the closed air brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline respectively through the eleventh control valve, the twelfth control valve and the thirteenth control valve, so that the air storage tank and the cyclic working medium filling quantity are improved, and the pressure is improved.
According to the operation method of the closed air Brayton cycle inventory control system, when the closed air Brayton cycle is operated under the 100% load working condition, the control valves except the third control valve are fully opened, the two air storage tanks are in an emptying state, the pressure of the air storage tanks is equal to the atmospheric pressure, and the auxiliary compressor does not work. When an external load instruction descends, the eighth control valve and the ninth control valve are opened, the seventh control valve is slowly opened, working medium air is simultaneously released to the two air storage tanks from the high-pressure pipeline of the closed air brayton cycle under the action of pressure difference, and at the moment, the working medium filling quantity, the pressure and the output power of the system in the cycle are all reduced. As the pressure of the closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline is reduced and the pressure in the air storage tank is increased, the closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline and the air storage tank are in an equilibrium state with equal pressure, and the air release process is stopped; if the output power of the system does not meet the load instruction requirement at this time, closing the No. seven control valve, the No. eight control valve and the No. nine control valve, slowly opening the No. six control valve, and further releasing working medium air to the atmospheric environment by the closed air Brayton cycle until the output power of the system is equal to the load instruction value, and closing the No. six control valve.
When the closed air Brayton cycle runs under the load working condition of below 100%, except the third control valve which is fully opened, the other control valves are closed, the first air storage tank is in a high-pressure filling state, the second air storage tank is in an emptying state, and the auxiliary compressor does not work. When the external load instruction descends, the No. nine control valve is opened, the No. seven control valve is slowly opened, working medium air is released from a high-pressure pipeline of the closed air Brayton cycle to the No. two air storage tanks under the action of pressure difference, and at the moment, the working medium filling quantity, the pressure and the output power of the system in the cycle further descend. As the pressure of the closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline is reduced and the pressure in the air storage tank is increased, the closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline and the air storage tank are in an equilibrium state with equal pressure, and the air release process is stopped; if the output power of the system still does not meet the load instruction requirement at the moment, closing the No. seven control valve and the No. nine control valve, slowly opening the No. six control valve, further releasing working medium air to the atmosphere by the closed air Brayton cycle until the output power of the system is equal to the load instruction value, and closing the No. six control valve.
The closed air Brayton cycle operates under the load working condition of below 100%, when an external load instruction rises, the No. eight control valve is opened, the No. ten control valve is slowly opened, working medium air is released from the No. one air storage tank to a low-pressure pipeline of the closed air Brayton cycle under the action of pressure difference, and at the moment, the working medium filling quantity, the pressure and the output power of the system in the cycle rise. As the pressure of the closed air brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline rises and the pressure in the air storage tank drops, the pressure of the closed air brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline and the pressure in the air storage tank are equal to each other, and the air charging process is stopped; if the output power of the system still does not meet the load instruction requirement at the moment, closing the eighth control valve and the tenth control valve, opening the auxiliary compressor, slowly opening the thirteenth control valve, further supplementing working medium air to the closed air brayton cycle from the atmosphere environment until the output power of the system is equal to the load instruction value, and closing the auxiliary compressor and the thirteenth control valve.
When the closed air Brayton cycle is in a stop state, the filling quantity of working media in the cycle is lower than a design value, the control valve is completely closed, the two air storage tanks are in a high-pressure filling state, and the auxiliary compressor does not work. In the starting process, firstly, a first control valve is slowly opened, and the rotating speed of the compressor is gradually increased under the driving of a motor; gradually increasing the power of the heater, slowly opening the third control valve, closing the first control valve, and increasing the turbine rotating speed; opening the eighth control valve and the ninth control valve, slowly opening the tenth control valve, improving the filling quantity and the pressure of working media in the closed air brayton cycle, and further improving the rotating speed of the compressor and the turbine to the designed rotating speed; as the closed air brayton cycle pressure rises and the pressure in the air storage tank drops, the closed air brayton cycle pressure and the pressure in the air storage tank reach an equal balance state, and the air charging process is stopped; and closing the eighth control valve, the ninth control valve and the tenth control valve, starting the auxiliary compressor, slowly opening the thirteenth control valve, further supplementing working medium air to the closed air brayton cycle from the atmosphere environment until the closed air brayton cycle reaches 100% of load working conditions, and closing the auxiliary compressor and the thirteenth control valve.
The invention designs a closed air Brayton cycle inventory control system and an operation method, which are applied to the field of power cycle variable load control and regulation and play roles in changing the internal pressure of the cycle and regulating the output power. By adopting two air tanks matched with ten groups of control valves and an auxiliary compressor and by filling and discharging working medium filling quantity in the working medium air conditioning cycle, the problem of gas exchange between the closed air Brayton cycle and the atmospheric environment is solved, the starting and load-changing operation process can be completed by utilizing the inventory control system, and the load-changing flexibility and environmental adaptability of the closed air Brayton cycle system are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a closed air Brayton cycle inventory control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a compressor; 2. a motor; 3. a regenerator; 4. a heater; 5. a turbine; 6. a generator; 7. a cooler; 8. a first air storage tank; 9. a second air storage tank; 10. an auxiliary compressor; 11. a first control valve; 12. a second control valve; 13. a third control valve; 14. a fourth control valve; 15. a fifth control valve; 16. a sixth control valve; 17. a seventh control valve; 18. a control valve No. eight; 19. a control valve No. nine; 20. a tenth control valve; 21. eleven control valves; 22. a twelve-gauge control valve; 23. thirteen control valves.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the solutions in the prior art, a clear and complete description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein it is apparent that the embodiments described in the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention illustrated in the figures herein can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, and the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention as set forth in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a typical closed air brayton cycle consists of a compressor 1, a regenerator 3, a heater 4, a turbine 5, a cooler 7, and three control valves. The outlet of the compressor 1 is connected with the cold side inlet of the heat regenerator 3, the outlet of the cold side of the heat regenerator 3 is connected with the inlet of the heater 4, the outlet of the heater 4 is connected with the inlet of the turbine 5, the outlet of the turbine 5 is connected with the hot side inlet of the heat regenerator 3, the hot side outlet of the heat regenerator 3 is connected with the inlet of the cooler 7, and the outlet of the cooler 7 is connected with the inlet of the compressor 1. In addition to the main components, the closed air brayton cycle also contains three control valves. The first control valve 11 is positioned on the compressor bypass, and two ends of the first control valve are respectively connected with the inlet of the compressor 1 and the outlet of the compressor 1; the second control valve 12 is positioned on the turbine bypass, and two ends of the second control valve are respectively connected with the outlet of the heater 4 and the outlet of the turbine 5; the third control valve 13 is located on the turbine inlet pipeline, and two ends of the third control valve are respectively connected with the outlet of the heater 4 and the inlet of the turbine 5. A closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline is arranged between the outlet of the compressor 1 and the cold side inlet of the heat regenerator 3; a closed air brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline is arranged between the hot side outlet of the heat regenerator 3 and the inlet of the cooler 7.
As shown in fig. 1, a closed air brayton cycle inventory control system is comprised of an auxiliary compressor 10, two air tanks and ten control valves. The two air tanks are a first air tank 8 and a second air tank 9 respectively for storing working medium air. The fourth control valve 14 is positioned on the exhaust pipeline of the first air storage tank 8, and two ends of the fourth control valve are respectively connected with the atmosphere and the first air storage tank 8; the fifth control valve 15 is positioned on the exhaust pipeline of the second air storage tank 9, and two ends of the fifth control valve are respectively connected with the atmosphere and the second air storage tank 9; a sixth control valve 16 is arranged on the closed air brayton cycle exhaust pipeline, and two ends of the sixth control valve are respectively connected with the inlet of the cooler 7 of the closed air brayton cycle and the atmosphere; the first air storage tank 8, the second air storage tank 9 and the closed air brayton cycle can discharge redundant working medium air to the atmosphere through a fourth control valve 14, a fifth control valve 15 and a sixth control valve 16 respectively, and the pressure is reduced. The control valve No. 17 is positioned on a closed air Brayton cycle high-pressure air release pipeline, the control valve No. 18 is positioned on an air charging and discharging pipeline of the air storage tank No. 8, the control valve No. 19 is positioned on an air charging and discharging pipeline of the air storage tank No. 9, the air storage tank No. 20 is positioned on a closed air Brayton cycle low-pressure air charging pipeline, and the four pipelines are provided with a junction; the two ends of a seventh control valve 17 are respectively connected with the outlet and the intersection of the closed air brayton cycle compressor 1, the two ends of a eighth control valve 18 are respectively connected with a first air storage tank 8 and the intersection, the two ends of a ninth control valve 19 are respectively connected with a second air storage tank 9 and the intersection, and the two ends of a tenth control valve 20 are respectively connected with the intersection and the inlet of the closed air brayton cycle cooler 7. The closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline can release redundant working medium air to the two air storage tanks through a seventh control valve 17, an eighth control valve 18 and a ninth control valve 19; the closed air brayton cycle low pressure line supplements working medium air from the two air reservoirs via a No. 18, a No. 19 and a No. 20 control valve. The eleven control valve 21 is positioned on the air supplementing pipeline of the first air storage tank 8, and two ends of the eleven control valve are respectively connected with the outlets of the first air storage tank 8 and the auxiliary compressor 10; the twelve-number control valve 22 is positioned on the gas supplementing pipeline of the second gas storage tank 9, and two ends of the twelve-number control valve are respectively connected with the outlets of the second gas storage tank 9 and the auxiliary compressor 10; the thirteenth control valve 23 is located on the closed air brayton cycle air supplementing pipeline, and two ends of the thirteenth control valve are respectively connected with the inlet of the closed air brayton cycle cooler 7 and the outlet of the auxiliary compressor 10. The inlet of the auxiliary compressor 10 is connected with the atmosphere, and the outlet is respectively connected with an eleventh control valve 21, a twelfth control valve 22 and a thirteenth control valve 23; after the external air is pressurized by the auxiliary compressor 10, the external air can flow into the first air storage tank 8, the second air storage tank 9 and the closed air brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline respectively through the eleventh control valve 21, the twelfth control valve 22 and the thirteenth control valve 23 so as to improve the filling quantity of the air storage tank and the circulating working medium and improve the pressure.
When the closed air brayton cycle is operating at 100% load conditions, the remaining control valves are closed except for the third control valve 13 which is fully open, and both air reservoirs are in an empty state with a reservoir pressure equal to atmospheric pressure, and the auxiliary compressor 10 is not operating. When the external load instruction descends, the eighth control valve 18 and the ninth control valve 19 are opened, the seventh control valve 17 is slowly opened, working medium air is simultaneously released to the two air storage tanks from the high-pressure pipeline of the closed air brayton cycle under the action of pressure difference, and at the moment, the working medium filling quantity, the pressure and the output power of the system in the cycle are all reduced. As the pressure of the closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline is reduced and the pressure in the air storage tank is increased, the closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline and the air storage tank are in an equilibrium state with equal pressure, and the air release process is stopped; if the output power of the system does not meet the load instruction requirement at this time, closing the No. seven control valve 17, the No. eight control valve 18 and the No. nine control valve 19, slowly opening the No. six control valve 16, and further releasing working medium air to the atmosphere by the closed air Brayton cycle until the output power of the system is equal to the load instruction value, and closing the No. six control valve 16.
When the closed air brayton cycle runs under the load working condition of below 100%, except for the third control valve 13 which is fully opened, the other control valves are closed, the first air storage tank 8 is in a high-pressure filling state, the second air storage tank 9 is in an emptying state, and the auxiliary compressor 10 does not work. When the external load instruction descends, the No. nine control valve 19 is opened, the No. seven control valve 17 is slowly opened, working medium air is released from a high-pressure pipeline of the closed air Brayton cycle to the No. two air storage tank 9 under the action of pressure difference, and at the moment, the working medium filling quantity, the pressure and the output power of the system in the cycle further descend. As the pressure of the closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline is reduced and the pressure in the air storage tank is increased, the closed air brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline and the air storage tank are in an equilibrium state with equal pressure, and the air release process is stopped; if the output power of the system still does not meet the load instruction requirement at this time, closing the No. 17 control valve and the No. 19 control valve, slowly opening the No. 16 control valve, and further releasing working medium air to the atmosphere by the closed air Brayton cycle until the output power of the system is equal to the load instruction value, and closing the No. 16 control valve.
The closed air Brayton cycle operates under the load working condition of below 100 percent, when an external load instruction rises, the No. eight control valve 18 is opened, the No. ten control valve 20 is slowly opened, working medium air is released from the No. one air storage tank 8 to a low-pressure pipeline of the closed air Brayton cycle under the action of pressure difference, and at the moment, the working medium filling amount, the pressure and the output power of the system in the cycle rise. As the pressure of the closed air brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline rises and the pressure in the air storage tank drops, the pressure of the closed air brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline and the pressure in the air storage tank are equal to each other, and the air charging process is stopped; if the output power of the system still does not meet the load command requirement at this time, closing the No. eight control valve 18 and the No. ten control valve 20, opening the auxiliary compressor 10, slowly opening the No. thirteen control valve 23, further supplementing working medium air to the closed air Brayton cycle from the atmosphere environment until the output power of the system is equal to the load command value, and closing the auxiliary compressor 10 and the No. thirteen control valve 23.
When the closed air brayton cycle is in a shutdown state, the charge of working medium in the cycle is lower than a design value, the control valve is completely closed, the two air tanks are in a high-pressure filling state, and the auxiliary compressor 10 does not work. In the starting process, the first control valve 11 is firstly slowly opened, and the rotating speed of the compressor 1 is gradually increased under the driving of the motor 2; gradually increasing the power of the heater 4, slowly opening the third control valve 13, closing the first control valve 11, and increasing the rotating speed of the turbine 5; opening a No. eight control valve 18 and a No. nine control valve 19, slowly opening a No. ten control valve 20, improving the charge and pressure of working media in the closed air Brayton cycle, and further improving the rotating speeds of the compressor 1 and the turbine 5 to the designed rotating speed; as the closed air brayton cycle pressure rises and the pressure in the air storage tank drops, the closed air brayton cycle pressure and the pressure in the air storage tank reach an equal balance state, and the air charging process is stopped; closing the eighth control valve 18, the ninth control valve 19 and the tenth control valve 20, opening the auxiliary compressor 10 and slowly opening the thirteenth control valve 23, further supplementing working medium air to the closed air brayton cycle from the atmosphere until the closed air brayton cycle reaches 100% load condition, and closing the auxiliary compressor 10 and the thirteenth control valve 23.
The invention designs a closed air Brayton cycle inventory control system and an operation method, which adopt two air tanks to match ten groups of control valves to charge and discharge working medium charge in a working medium air conditioning cycle, solve the problem of gas exchange between the closed air Brayton cycle and the atmospheric environment, and change the working medium charge and pressure in the cycle by adjusting the opening of a specific control valve and the operation state of an auxiliary compressor in the processes of starting, ascending and descending load instructions of the closed air Brayton cycle, so that the output power of the system reaches the load instruction target. The inventory control system can be used for completing the starting and variable load operation processes, so that the variable load flexibility and the environmental adaptability of the closed air Brayton cycle system are improved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, and not limiting thereof; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced with others, which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The closed air Brayton cycle inventory control system is characterized by comprising an auxiliary compressor, two air tanks and ten control valves, wherein the two air tanks are respectively a first air tank (8) and a second air tank (9) for storing working medium air, a fourth control valve (14) is positioned on an exhaust pipe of the first air tank (8), two ends of the fourth control valve are respectively connected with an atmospheric environment and the first air tank (8), a fifth control valve (15) is positioned on an exhaust pipe of the second air tank (9), two ends of the fifth control valve are respectively connected with the atmospheric environment and the second air tank (9), a sixth control valve (16) is positioned on an exhaust pipe of the closed air Brayton cycle, two ends of the sixth control valve are respectively connected with an inlet of a cooler (7) of the closed air Brayton cycle, and the first air tank (8), the second air tank (9) and the closed air Brayton cycle discharge redundant air to the atmosphere through the fourth control valve (14), the fifth control valve (15) and the sixth control valve (16) respectively, and the pressure is reduced; the control valve No. 17 is positioned on a closed air Brayton cycle high-pressure air release pipeline, the control valve No. 18 is positioned on an air storage tank No. 8 air charging and discharging pipeline, the control valve No. nine (19) is positioned on an air storage tank No. 9 air charging and discharging pipeline, the air storage tank No. ten (20) is positioned on a closed air Brayton cycle low-pressure air charging pipeline, the four pipelines are provided with an intersection point, two ends of the control valve No. 17 are respectively connected with an outlet of a closed air Brayton cycle compressor (1) and the intersection point, two ends of the control valve No. 18 are respectively connected with the air storage tank No. 8 and the intersection point, two ends of the control valve No. 19 are respectively connected with the air storage tank No. 9 and the intersection point, and two ends of the control valve No. 20 are respectively connected with an inlet of the closed air Brayton cycle cooler (7); the closed air Brayton cycle high-pressure pipeline releases redundant working medium air to two air tanks through a seventh control valve (17), an eighth control valve (18) and a ninth control valve (19), the closed air Brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline supplements working medium air from the two air tanks through the eighth control valve (18), the ninth control valve (19) and the tenth control valve (20), an eleventh control valve (21) is positioned on a first air tank (8) supplementing pipeline, two ends of the eleventh control valve are respectively connected with the first air tank (8) and an outlet of an auxiliary compressor (10), a twelve control valve (22) is positioned on a second air tank (9) supplementing pipeline, two ends of the twelfth control valve are respectively connected with the second air tank (9) and an outlet of the auxiliary compressor (10), a thirteenth control valve (23) is positioned on the closed air Brayton cycle supplementing pipeline, two ends of the thirteenth control valve (23) are respectively connected with an inlet of the closed air Brayton cycle cooler 7 and an outlet of the auxiliary compressor (10), an inlet of the auxiliary compressor (10) is respectively connected with an eleventh control valve (21), the twelve control valve (22) and a thirteenth control valve (23) are respectively connected with an inlet of the eleventh air tank (8), the twelve control valve (23) and the thirteenth air flows into the second air tank (9) through the second air tank (9) and the thirteenth control valve (23) after passing through the closed air Brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline, so as to improve the filling quantity of the air storage tank and the circulating working medium and the pressure.
2. A closed air brayton cycle inventory control system according to claim 1, wherein the system set-up is based on a closed air brayton cycle consisting of a compressor (1), a regenerator (3), a heater (4), a turbine (5), a cooler (7) and three control valves, said compressor (1) outlet being connected to the regenerator (3) cold side inlet, the regenerator (3) cold side outlet being connected to the heater (4) inlet, the heater (4) outlet being connected to the turbine (5) inlet, the turbine (5) outlet being connected to the regenerator (3) hot side inlet, the hot side outlet of the heat regenerator (3) is connected with the inlet of the cooler (7), the outlet of the cooler (7) is connected with the inlet of the compressor (1), the first control valve (11) is positioned on a bypass of the compressor, the two ends of the first control valve are respectively connected with the inlet of the compressor (1) and the outlet of the compressor (1), the second control valve (12) is positioned on a bypass of the turbine, the two ends of the second control valve are respectively connected with the outlet of the heater (4) and the outlet of the turbine (5), the third control valve (13) is positioned on an inlet pipeline of the turbine, the two ends of the third control valve are respectively connected with the outlet of the heater (4) and the inlet of the turbine (5), a high-pressure pipeline of a closed air brayton cycle is arranged between the outlet of the compressor (1) and the cold side inlet of the heat regenerator (3), a closed air brayton cycle low-pressure pipeline is arranged between the hot side outlet of the heat regenerator (3) and the inlet of the cooler (7).
3. The operation method of the closed air brayton cycle inventory control system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the closed air brayton cycle is operated under 100% load working condition, except for the third control valve (13), the rest control valves are closed, the two air tanks are in an emptying state, the air tank pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the auxiliary compressor (10) does not work, when the external load instruction is reduced, the eighth control valve (18) and the ninth control valve (19) are opened, the seventh control valve (17) is slowly opened, working medium air is simultaneously released from a high-pressure pipeline of the closed air brayton cycle to the two air tanks under the action of pressure difference, at the moment, the filling amount in the cycle, the pressure and the output power of the system are reduced, the pressure and the pressure of the working medium in the cycle are all reduced, the two air tanks finally reach a balanced state with equal pressure, the air release process is stopped, if the output power of the system does not reach the load instruction requirement, the seventh control valve (17), the eighth control valve (18) and the ninth control valve (19) are closed, the sixth control valve (16) is slowly opened, the working medium air is further released to the closed air cycle with the atmospheric pressure instruction, and the working medium is further equal to the load instruction of the closed air cycle;
when the closed air brayton cycle operates under the load working condition of below 100%, except that the third control valve (13) is fully opened, the rest control valves are closed, the first air storage tank (8) is in a high-pressure filling state, the second air storage tank (9) is in an emptying state, the auxiliary compressor (10) does not work, when an external load instruction descends, the ninth control valve (19) is opened, the seventh control valve (17) is slowly opened, working medium air is released from a high-pressure pipeline of the closed air brayton cycle to the second air storage tank (9) under the action of pressure difference, at the moment, the filling amount of working medium in the cycle, the pressure and the output power of the system further descend, and as the pressure of the high-pressure pipeline of the closed air brayton cycle is reduced and the pressure of the air storage tank is increased, the pressure of the closed air brayton cycle and the air storage tank finally reach an equal balanced state, the air release process is stopped, if the output power of the system still does not reach the load instruction requirement, the sixth control valve (19) is slowly opened, the closed air brayton cycle releases the working medium further to the atmosphere until the output power of the system is equal to the load instruction value and the sixth control valve (16);
when the closed air Brayton cycle operates under the load working condition of below 100 percent and an external load instruction rises, opening a No. eight control valve (18), slowly opening a No. ten control valve (20), releasing working medium air from a first air storage tank (8) to a low-pressure pipeline of the closed air Brayton cycle under the action of pressure difference, rising the working medium filling quantity, the pressure and the output power of a system in the cycle, and as the pressure of the low-pressure pipeline of the closed air Brayton cycle rises and the pressure in the air storage tank drops, finally reaching a balanced state with equal pressure, stopping the air charging process, closing the No. eight control valve (18) and the No. ten control valve (20) if the output power of the system still does not reach the load instruction requirement, opening an auxiliary compressor (10) and slowly opening a No. thirteen control valve (23), further supplementing the working medium air to the closed air Brayton cycle from the atmosphere environment until the output power of the system is equal to the load instruction value, and closing the auxiliary compressor (10) and the No. thirteen control valve (23);
when the closed air Brayton cycle is in a stop state, the working medium filling quantity in the cycle is lower than a design value, the control valves are all closed, two air tanks are in a high-pressure filling state, the auxiliary compressor (10) does not work, in the starting process, the first control valve (11) is slowly opened, the rotating speed of the compressor (1) is gradually increased under the driving of the motor (2), the power of the heater (4) is gradually increased, the third control valve (13) is slowly opened, the first control valve (11) is closed, the rotating speed of the turbine (5) is increased, the eighth control valve (18) and the ninth control valve (19) are opened, the tenth control valve (20) is slowly opened, the rotating speed of the closed air Brayton cycle is increased, the working medium filling quantity and the pressure in the closed air Brayton cycle are further increased, the pressure of the compressor (1) and the turbine (5) are further increased to the design rotating speed, the closed air Brayton cycle is further increased, the pressure of the closed air Brayton cycle is finally equal to a balance state, the charging process is stopped, the eighth control valve (18), the nine control valve (19) and the tenth control valve (20) are gradually increased, the auxiliary compressor (10) is opened, the thirteen control valve (23) is slowly controlled, and the air load is further controlled from the atmosphere to the thirteen cycle valve (23), and the closed air load is controlled by the closed air circulation valve (100%) and the closed air load is controlled.
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