CN116835457A

CN116835457A - Mast lifting mechanism and crane

Info

Publication number: CN116835457A
Application number: CN202310803668.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李云波; 刘忠辉; 孟进军
Original assignee: Construction Machinery Branch of XCMG
Current assignee: Construction Machinery Branch of XCMG
Priority date: 2023-06-30
Filing date: 2023-06-30
Publication date: 2023-10-03

Abstract

The application discloses a mast lifting mechanism and a crane, relates to the field of engineering machinery, and is used for optimizing the structure of the mast lifting mechanism so that a mast can be placed on a turntable smoothly. The mast lifting mechanism comprises a turntable, a mast, a guide piece and a lifting oil cylinder. The mast is rotatably connected with the turntable. The guide piece is fixed on one end of the mast, which is close to the turntable, and the guide piece comprises an open chute. One end of the jacking cylinder is rotatably connected with the turntable, and the other end of the jacking cylinder is matched with the chute and is configured to be switched between the following two positions: is positioned in the chute and separated from the chute. According to the mast jacking mechanism provided by the technical scheme, the jacking frame is not arranged, the jacking oil cylinder is matched with the guide piece, the guide piece is fixedly connected with the mast, and the mast is driven to rotate when the jacking oil cylinder stretches out. When the jacking cylinder is horizontally placed, the jacking cylinder can be flatly placed on the turntable. In addition, the number of the parts is small, the hinge points among the parts are reduced, and the assembly relationship is reliable.

Description

Mast lifting mechanism and crane

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a mast lifting mechanism and a crane.

Background

The crawler crane is applied to the scenes of buildings, wind power, factories and the like, has high bearing capacity of a high-performance machine of the truss arm and a crawler chassis, realizes on-load walking, and greatly improves the operation capacity and efficiency.

The mast is a critical component of the crawler crane. The mast is hinged on the turntable, the pitching of the mast is realized through the amplitude-variable steel wire rope, and meanwhile, the head of the mast is connected with the arm support through the amplitude-variable pull plate, so that the arm support is driven to realize pitching of the arm support. An oil cylinder support is welded in the turntable, and the bottom of the jacking oil cylinder is hinged to the turntable oil cylinder support. In order to limit the expansion direction of the jacking oil cylinder, the head of the oil cylinder is hinged with the jacking frame, and the other end of the jacking frame is hinged with the turntable.

In the transition process, the mast is horizontally arranged on the turntable, namely, the included angle between the mast and the upper plane of the turntable is 0 degrees. When the main machine is assembled on the operation site, the mast rotates to an included angle of more than 90 degrees with the turntable, and then the auxiliary installation oil cylinder can be used for hoisting and installing all parts of the main machine. After the host is installed, the auxiliary installation oil cylinder is retracted, the head of the mast is connected with the amplitude-variable pulling plate, the other end of the amplitude-variable pulling plate is connected with the head of the arm support, when the amplitude-variable steel wire rope is retracted and released, the mast realizes pitching, and then the arm support is driven to pitch.

The inventors found that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: the existing crawler crane is unreasonable in structure, and because of unavoidable processing errors, the jacking frame is not tightly attached to the mast, so that gaps are formed, and the contact stress with the mast is large. After the mast is subjected to larger stress, the jacking frame can deform, so that the mast cannot be horizontally placed on the turntable after being lowered; in addition, when the oil cylinder extends to the maximum stroke, the jacking frame and the piston rod of the oil cylinder are interfered.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a mast lifting mechanism and a crane, which are used for optimizing the structure of the mast lifting mechanism so that a mast can be placed on a turntable smoothly.

The embodiment of the application provides a mast lifting mechanism, which comprises:

a turntable;

the mast is rotatably connected with the turntable;

the guide piece is fixed at one end of the mast, which is close to the turntable, and comprises an open chute; and

and one end of the jacking oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the rotary table, and the other end of the jacking oil cylinder is matched with the sliding groove and is configured to switch between the following two positions: is positioned in the chute and is separated from the chute.

In some embodiments, the guide comprises:

the first plate is fixed at one end of the mast, which is close to the turntable; and

the second plate is arranged in parallel with the first plate and is also fixed at one end of the mast, which is close to the turntable;

the first plate and the second plate each include the chute.

In some embodiments, the chute comprises:

a guide section configured to be straight;

a transition section located at a bottom of the guide section, and the transition section is configured to be curved; and

the limiting section is positioned at one end of the transition section, which is far away from the guide section, and the limiting section is parallel to the guide section.

In some embodiments, when the jacking cylinder rotates to be attached to the turntable, the other end of the jacking cylinder is located in the limiting section of the sliding groove.

In some embodiments, the mast lift mechanism further comprises:

the middle part of the pin shaft is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the jacking oil cylinder, annular concave parts are arranged at two ends of the pin shaft, one annular concave part is matched with the sliding groove of the first plate, and the other annular concave part is matched with the sliding groove of the second plate; the annular recess cooperates with the chute and is configured to switch between: the annular concave part is positioned in the sliding groove, and the annular concave part is separated from the sliding groove.

In some embodiments, the mast lift mechanism further comprises:

the oil cylinder bracket is arranged on the turntable and comprises a limiting groove, and the jacking oil cylinder penetrates through the limiting groove and limits the rotation angle of the jacking oil cylinder relative to the turntable through the limiting groove.

In some embodiments, the ram bracket includes:

one end of the first connecting arm is fixedly connected with the turntable;

one end of the second connecting arm is fixedly connected with the rotation; and

the connecting piece is used for fixedly connecting the other end of the first connecting arm with the other end of the second connecting arm; the connector includes a recess; when the jacking cylinder rotates to the maximum angle with the turntable, the jacking cylinder leans against the concave part.

In some embodiments, after the lift cylinder is rotated to a maximum angle with the turntable, the lift cylinder retracts to disengage the chute.

In some embodiments, the first and/or second connecting arms are configured to be bent.

In some embodiments, the mast lift mechanism further comprises:

the angle measuring element is arranged at the hinge point position of the mast and the turntable; the angle measuring element monitors the included angle between the mast and the turntable in real time;

the control system is electrically connected with the angle detection element; and the control system controls the extension and retraction of the jacking cylinder when the included angle measured by the angle measuring element is a set value.

In some embodiments, the number of the jacking cylinders is two, and each edge of the mast in the width direction is correspondingly provided with one jacking cylinder.

The embodiment of the application also provides a crane, which comprises the mast lifting mechanism provided by any technical scheme of the application.

According to the mast jacking mechanism provided by the technical scheme, the jacking frame is not arranged, the jacking oil cylinder is matched with the guide piece, the guide piece is fixedly connected with the mast, and the mast is driven to rotate when the jacking oil cylinder stretches out. When the jacking cylinder is horizontally placed, the jacking cylinder is not blocked by the guide piece, and the jacking cylinder can be flatly placed on the turntable. In addition, the number of the parts is small, the hinge points among the parts are reduced, and the assembly relationship is reliable.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a crane according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a crane according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic left view of a crane according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a mast lifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating another state of the mast raising mechanism according to the embodiment of the application.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a lift cylinder of a mast lift mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a lift cylinder of a mast lift mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application in a longest stroke.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the mast lift provided by an embodiment of the present application at the guide.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a guide member of a mast raising mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship between a lifting cylinder and a pin of a mast lifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a lift cylinder of a mast lift mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an oil cylinder bracket structure of a mast lifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1. a turntable; 2. a mast; 3. a guide member; 4. jacking the oil cylinder; 5. a pin shaft; 6. an oil cylinder bracket; 7. an angle measuring element;

30. a chute; 31. a first plate member; 32. a second plate member; 301. a guide section; 302. a transition section; 303. a limiting section;

51. an annular concave portion;

61. a first connecting arm; 62. a second connecting arm; 63. and a connecting piece.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme provided by the application is described in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 12.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment of the application further provides a crane, which comprises the mast lifting mechanism provided by any technical scheme of the application. The mast lifting mechanism is used for rotating the mast 2 from the horizontal position by more than 90 degrees so as to be connected with the main arm pulling plate, and further lifting the arm support.

The crane also comprises a crawler belt which is positioned at the bottom of the turntable 1 so as to realize the travelling of the crane. The crawler crane is a crane with a travelling device, a lifting device, a luffing device and a turning device on a travelling crawler chassis.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the mast raising mechanism includes a turntable 1, a mast 2, a guide 3, and a lift cylinder 4. The mast 2 is rotatably connected with the turntable 1. A guide 3 is fixed to the end of the mast 2 near the turret 1, the guide 3 comprising an open chute 30. One end of the jacking cylinder 4 is rotatably connected with the turntable 1, and the other end of the jacking cylinder 4 is matched with the chute 30 and is configured to switch between the following two positions: is positioned in the chute 30 and is separated from the chute 30.

The turntable 1 is an upper rotating part of the crawler crane, and a control room, a power system, a hydraulic system, a main arm hinge point, a mast 2 hinge point, a counterweight and the like are arranged on the turntable 1.

The mast 2 is a luffing component of the arm support, and the mast 2 is hinged with the turntable 1. Through the mast 2, the main arm can be amplitude-changed by the steel wire rope through the pulley block at the head part and the pulley block at the lower part. The top of the mast 2 is hinged with an auxiliary installation oil cylinder, and the host is self-assembled and disassembled through amplitude variation of the mast 2 and expansion and contraction of the auxiliary installation oil cylinder, so that transition is facilitated.

The maximum angle of the mast 2 relative to the turret 1 is alpha, which is greater than 90 deg., about 107.2 deg.. When the mast 2 is turned from 0 deg. to a maximum angle relative to the turret 1, the other end of the lift cylinder is in a different position in the chute 30 of the guide 3 during this. When the included angle between the mast 2 and the turntable 1 is 0 DEG, the other end of the lifting cylinder is positioned at the bottom of the chute 30; when the included angle between the mast 2 and the turntable 1 is alpha, the other end of the lifting cylinder is positioned at the opening of the chute 30.

In order to make the mast 2 rotation reliable, one lift cylinder is provided at each edge of the mast 2 in the direction of rotation, and one guide 3 is provided for each lift cylinder in a one-to-one correspondence. The lifting cylinders and the guide members 3 on both sides have the same structure, and one side will be described in detail later.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the mast lift mechanism with the lift cylinder 4 extended halfway, and fig. 5 shows a schematic view of the mast lift mechanism with the lift cylinder 4 extended to the longest. Fig. 6 illustrates a partially enlarged schematic view at the jack cylinder 4. Fig. 7 illustrates a schematic view in which the lift cylinder 4 is lifted to the longest.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, in some embodiments, the guide 3 includes a first plate 31 and a second plate 32. The first plate 31 is fixed to one end of the mast 2 near the turntable 1; the second plate 32 is arranged parallel to the first plate 31 and is also fixed to the end of the mast 2 near the turntable 1. The first plate 31 and the second plate 32 each include a chute 30.

The first plate 31 and the second plate 32 are identical in structure. Referring to fig. 8, the sliding grooves 30 each include a guiding section 301, a transition section 302, and a limiting section 303. The guide section 301 is configured to be straight; at the bottom of the guide section 301, and the transition section 302 is configured to be curved. The limiting section 303 is located at one end of the transition section 302 away from the guiding section 301, and the limiting section 303 is parallel to the guiding section 301. The transition section 302 plays a limiting role, so that the other end of the jacking cylinder 4 is not easy to slide into the guide section 301 from the limiting section 303, and cannot easily slide into the guide section 301 from the guide section 301. The mast 2 can be stably placed on the turntable 1 when lying flat because the possibility that the end of the jacking cylinder 4 slips off the chute 30 is prevented from occurring accidentally.

The guide piece 3 adopts a double-lug plate structure form, so that the structural stability is improved, the opening end of the sliding groove 30 is designed into a horn shape, and the annular concave part 51 of the pin shaft 5 can conveniently enter the sliding way. With the extension of the lifting cylinder, the mast 2 is lifted after the pin 5 reaches the limit position of the chute 30.

One end of the jacking cylinder 4 is rotatably connected with the turntable 1 through a pin shaft 5 and other parts, specifically, a cylindrical boss is fixed at the bottom of a cylinder barrel of the jacking cylinder 4 and is hinged with a cylinder support at the bottom of the turntable 1 through the cylindrical boss. The other end of the jacking cylinder 4 is engaged with the chute 30 of the guide 3, and the other end of the jacking cylinder 4 is moved relative to the chute 30 as the jacking cylinder 4 is raised and retracted. In order to make the engagement of the jacking cylinders 4 and the runners 30 more controllable, see fig. 7, 10 and 11, in some embodiments the mast jacking mechanism further comprises a pin 5. The middle part of the pin shaft 5 is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the jacking cylinder 4, annular concave parts 51 are arranged at two ends of the pin shaft 5, one annular concave part 51 is matched with the sliding groove 30 of the first plate 31, and the other annular concave part 51 is matched with the sliding groove 30 of the second plate 32; the annular recess 51 cooperates with the chute 30 and is configured to switch between two positions: an annular recess 51 is located in the chute 30, the annular recess 51 being disengaged from the chute 30.

In some embodiments, the stiffness of the pin 5 is greater than the stiffness of the guide 3 of the mast 2. The pin shaft 5 is not easy to deform due to stress when the lifting oil cylinder is summarized in the working process, so that the shapes of the lifting oil cylinder and the pin shaft 5 can be kept relatively good after the lifting oil cylinder is used for a long time, and the pin shaft 5 is not easy to deform. Therefore, after long-time use, the lifting oil cylinder can still keep planar contact with the turntable 1 in a flat state, and is not easy to lift. The pin shaft 5 is stable in structure and not easy to deform, so that the pin shaft 5 is firmly matched with the chute 30, and the chute 30 can always guide the pin shaft 5.

Referring to fig. 10, one pin 5 corresponds to two annular recesses 51, and each chute 30 corresponds to one annular recess 51.

Referring to fig. 6 and 12, in some embodiments, the mast lift mechanism further comprises a cylinder bracket 6, the cylinder bracket 6 is mounted on the turntable 1, the cylinder bracket 6 comprises a limit slot, the lift cylinder 4 passes through the limit slot, and the rotation angle of the lift cylinder 4 relative to the turntable 1 is limited by the limit slot. The oil cylinder bracket 6 adopts a mechanical structure for limiting, so that the jacking oil cylinder 4 can be directly blocked by the oil cylinder bracket 6 when rotating to the maximum position, and further rotation can not be continued.

Referring to fig. 12, the cylinder bracket 6 specifically includes a first connection arm 61, a second connection arm 62, and a connection piece 63. The first and second connection arms 61 and 62 may have the same structure. The first connecting arm 61 and/or the second connecting arm 62 are configured to be bent. This facilitates surrounding the jack cylinder 4. One end of the first connecting arm 61 is fixedly connected with the turntable 1; one end of the second connecting arm 62 is fixedly connected with the rotation. The connecting piece 63 fixedly connects the other end of the first connecting arm 61 with the other end of the second connecting arm 62; the connecting piece 63 includes a recess; when the lift cylinder 4 rotates to the maximum angle with the turntable 1, the lift cylinder 4 rests in the recess.

The action process of the lifting oil cylinder is as follows: when the included angle between the mast 2 and the turntable 1 is larger than alpha, the lifting oil cylinder reaches the maximum stroke, the lifting oil cylinder needs to retract at the moment, the pin shaft 5 at the head part of the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder retracts along the chute 30 of the guide piece 3, and after the pin shaft 5 is separated from the chute 30, the lifting oil cylinder is supported by the oil cylinder bracket 6 welded on the turntable 1, so that the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder can retract without obstacle. The cylinder bracket 6 also serves as a guide mechanism for better orienting the lift cylinder when it extends out of the mast 2.

When the mast 2 falls back to alpha (specifically, for example, 107 degrees) and needs to descend, the lifting oil cylinder stretches out to be connected with the mast 2, and the sliding groove 30 of the guide member 3 is matched and clamped with the annular concave part 51 of the pin shaft 5, so that the connection between the lifting oil cylinder and the mast 2 is realized.

In some embodiments, the mast lifting mechanism further comprises an angle measuring element 7, the angle measuring element 7 is mounted at the hinge point position of the mast 2 and the turntable 1, the angle measuring element 7 monitors the included angle between the mast 2 and the turntable 1 in real time, and the lifting cylinder 4 can be controlled to extend and retract at the set angle of 107 DEG of the mast 2 through the control system.

When the lifting cylinder is in contact with the guide 3, the pin 5 of the lifting cylinder piston rod is provided with an annular concave part 51, and the annular concave part 51 is clamped in the chute 30.

The hydraulic system supplies oil, a lifting oil cylinder piston rod stretches out and lifts along with the mast 2, and when the angle measuring element 7, in particular the angle sensor detects that the included angle between the mast 2 and the turntable 1 is more than or equal to 107 degrees, the lifting oil cylinder is at the maximum stroke position, and the inclination angle of the lifting oil cylinder just leans against the oil cylinder bracket 6. The mast 2 can then continue to tip forward by its own weight, without the need for the lift cylinder to act, the lift cylinder begins to retract, and the lift cylinder always rests on the cylinder bracket 6 throughout the retraction process.

When the mast 2 falls down after the crane operation is finished, the angle sensor detects that the included angle between the mast 2 and the turntable 1 reaches 107 degrees, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder stretches out, the pin shaft 5 at the end part of the piston rod is just clamped in the sliding groove 30 after the piston rod stretches out due to the guidance of the cylinder bracket 6, the connection between the lifting cylinder and the mast 2 is realized, and the mast 2 falls down to the horizontal position slowly by means of the lifting cylinder 4.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the protection of the present application.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced with others, which may not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A mast lift mechanism, comprising:

a turntable (1);

the mast (2) is rotatably connected with the turntable (1);

a guide (3) fixed to one end of the mast (2) close to the turntable (1), the guide (3) comprising an open chute (30); and

a jacking cylinder (4) with one end rotatably connected with the turntable (1) and the other end matched with the chute (30) and configured to switch between the following two positions: is positioned in the chute (30) and is separated from the chute (30).

2. Mast lifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide (3) comprises:

a first plate (31) fixed to one end of the mast (2) close to the turntable (1); and

a second plate (32) arranged parallel to the first plate (31) and also fixed to one end of the mast (2) close to the turret (1);

the first plate (31) and the second plate (32) each comprise the chute (30).

3. Mast lifting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the chute (30) comprises:

a guide section (301) which is configured to be straight;

-a transition section (302) located at the bottom of the guide section (301), and the transition section (302) is configured to be curved; and

and the limiting section (303) is positioned at one end of the transition section (302) away from the guide section (301), and the limiting section (303) is parallel to the guide section (301).

4. A mast lift according to claim 3, wherein when the lift cylinder (4) is rotated into engagement with the turntable (1), the other end of the lift cylinder (4) is located within a limit section (303) of the chute (30).

5. The mast lift mechanism of claim 1, further comprising:

the middle part of the pin shaft (5) is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the jacking cylinder (4), annular concave parts (51) are arranged at two ends of the pin shaft (5), one annular concave part (51) is matched with the sliding groove (30) of the first plate (31), and the other annular concave part (51) is matched with the sliding groove (30) of the second plate (32); the annular recess (51) cooperates with the chute (30) and is configured to switch between two positions: the annular concave part (51) is positioned in the sliding groove (30), and the annular concave part (51) is separated from the sliding groove (30).

6. The mast lift mechanism of claim 1, further comprising:

the oil cylinder bracket (6) is arranged on the rotary table (1), the oil cylinder bracket (6) comprises a limiting groove, the jacking oil cylinder (4) penetrates through the limiting groove, and the rotating angle of the jacking oil cylinder (4) relative to the rotary table (1) is limited through the limiting groove.

7. Mast lifting mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the cylinder bracket (6) comprises:

a first connecting arm (61), one end of which is fixedly connected with the turntable (1);

a second connecting arm (62), one end of which is fixedly connected with the rotation; and

a connecting member (63) for fixedly connecting the other end of the first connecting arm (61) with the other end of the second connecting arm (62); the connector (63) comprises a recess; when the jacking cylinder (4) rotates to the maximum angle with the turntable (1), the jacking cylinder (4) rests in the recess.

8. Mast lift according to claim 7, characterized in that after the lift cylinder (4) has been rotated to a maximum angle with the turntable (1), the lift cylinder (4) is retracted to disengage the chute (30).

9. Mast lift according to claim 7, characterized in that the first connecting arm (61) and/or the second connecting arm (62) are configured to be bent.

10. The mast lift mechanism of claim 1, further comprising:

an angle measuring element (7) mounted at the hinge point position of the mast (2) and the turntable (1); the angle measuring element (7) monitors the included angle between the mast (2) and the turntable (1) in real time;

the control system is electrically connected with the angle detection element; and the control system controls the extension and retraction of the jacking cylinder (4) when the included angle measured by the angle measuring element (7) is a set value.

11. Mast lifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of lifting cylinders (4) is two, and that one lifting cylinder (4) is provided for each edge in the width direction of the mast (2).

12. A crane comprising a mast raising mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.