CN116833684A - Preparation process and tool of precise ram - Google Patents
Preparation process and tool of precise ram Download PDFInfo
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- CN116833684A CN116833684A CN202310859356.XA CN202310859356A CN116833684A CN 116833684 A CN116833684 A CN 116833684A CN 202310859356 A CN202310859356 A CN 202310859356A CN 116833684 A CN116833684 A CN 116833684A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000004282 Grewia occidentalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process and a tool of a precise ram, which relate to the technical field of ram processes and solve the technical problems of the prior art. The preparation process and the process parameters of the precise ram disclosed by the invention can ensure the quality and the stability of products; the fixture disclosed by the invention is accurate and firm in positioning, and only the diameter of the conical core top disc and the length of the pull rod are changed for products with different specifications; the tool correction principle and method are simple and reliable; simple structure and flexible use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ram processes, in particular to the technical field of a precise ram preparation process and a tooling.
Background
The ram is one movable mechanism of the machine tool and another movable mechanism is overlapped on the movable mechanism. Such as the base of a turret on a lathe, the boring shaft of a boring and milling machine, the W-axis on a moving beam gantry, etc., may be referred to as a ram.
The ram is a precise positioning element and a machining reference of a machine tool, the precision and the stability of the ram determine the precision and the stability of the machine tool, the requirements on dimensional tolerance and form and position tolerance are very high, the machining precision, particularly the form and position tolerance, is a great difficulty in machining industry after the material of a product is selected, and the development of precise machine tools in China is severely restricted due to the lag of equipment and technology in manufacturing the precise element of the machine tool. The prior patent discloses the following technology:
patent with publication number CN110014127a, patent name "casting process of square ram of numerical control gantry machining center" discloses the following: a casting process of a square ram of a numerical control gantry machining center comprises the following steps: fixing a manufacturing mould of the square ram by adopting a flat casting moulding process, dividing a clay core in an inner cavity of the mould into a plurality of sections according to a structure, designing a core head from an upper plane window of the mould, smelting by using an electric furnace smelting technology for smelting high-strength gray cast iron with high carbon equivalent, casting molten iron smelted in the third step into the mould, processing a finished product, taking out a coarse product, and carrying out four-corner quenching, coarse grinding and fine grinding on the coarse product to obtain a finished product. According to the casting process of the square ram of the numerical control gantry machining center, through the flat casting and core hanging process and the electric furnace smelting technology for smelting high-strength gray cast iron with high carbon equivalent, the square ram casting of the machine tool with stable quality and high yield can be produced in a large scale, and the casting process is simple to operate and high in production efficiency.
The casting process of the ram disclosed in the above patent has serious restrictions on the development of a precision machine tool because of the fact that the machine tool precision ram manufacturing has no large-scale equipment capable of simultaneously processing the inner hole and the outer circle of the long and large part due to equipment and process lag, and how to solve the above technical problems becomes the effort direction of the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation process and a tool of a precise ram. Ensuring that the product reaches the design precision.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purposes:
the invention provides a preparation process of a precise ram, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a hollow rod-shaped product to be processed, performing quenching and tempering treatment and inspection treatment on the product to be processed, and selecting corresponding heating temperature and heat preservation time to obtain the mechanical properties required by the design of the product to be processed;
s2, straightening, rough turning, boring and rough turning are carried out on the product to be processed in the step S1, and a rough turning product with an inner hole and an outer circle is obtained;
s3, carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the rough turning product obtained in the step S2, and selecting corresponding annealing temperature and heat preservation time to obtain a stress relief annealing product;
s4, performing rough honing, inspection and semi-finish turning on the destressing annealed product obtained in the step S3, and then performing semi-finish honing and inspection for eliminating ellipses and ensuring the size and form and position tolerance of the inner hole;
s5, performing shot blasting treatment, wherein the shot blasting treatment can remove processing stress generated by semi-finish turning and semi-finish honing and ensure the stability of the size and the shape;
s6, assembling a tool for improving coaxiality accuracy of the inner hole and the outer circle, wherein the tool is assembled in the inner hole;
s7, sequentially performing rough grinding, inspection, nitriding, inspection, fine calibration, fine honing polishing and inspection treatment;
s8, sequentially carrying out assembly and correction tool, grinding the center hole, fine grinding the outer circle and inspection treatment;
s9, entering the end face of the mill, and obtaining a ram product with an inner hole and an outer circle after inspection treatment.
Specifically, the aim of the thermal refining is to obtain the mechanical properties required by the design of the ram product; compared with the prior art, the heat preservation time for quenching and tempering is doubled to ensure that the core and the surface quality of the product are consistent.
The purpose of the stress relief annealing is to completely and thoroughly relieve the stress generated in the process; compared with the prior art, the annealing and heat-preserving time is doubled in order to ensure that the machining stress generated by boring and turning the outer circle is completely removed.
The purpose of semi-finish honing is to eliminate ellipses and ensure the size and form and position tolerance of an inner hole; multiple honing is adopted due to unavoidable wall thickness differences of ram products to be processed and ellipses generated by boring, and parameter selection principles are that honing pressure and honing stroke are reduced, and honing rotation speed is improved; the outer circle and the inner hole are deformed in consideration of nitriding process.
In one embodiment, in step S5, the semi-finish honing to bore tolerance range is between-0.08 and-0.09 mm, and the elliptical error is less than or equal to 0.01mm.
In one embodiment, in step S6, when the tooling comprises conical core top discs at two ends and the tooling is assembled and calibrated, the top discs at two ends of the tooling are repeatedly tensioned, and after the tooling is subjected to the process of metering, adjustment, metering, adjustment and turning correction, the runout of the top disc end face of the assembled tooling is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005.
In one embodiment, in step S7, a grinding allowance of 0.5mm is left during the rough grinding of the outer circle, the taper of the grinding machine is adjusted to be less than or equal to 0.005mm, the grinding depth is adjusted to be less than or equal to 0.01mm, the roundness of the ram product is ensured, the grinding wheel is dressed after each grinding of 0.1mm, and the grinding wheel is rough ground until the dimensional tolerance of the outer hole is between +0.12 and +0.15 in consideration of nitriding deformation.
In one embodiment, in step S7, the nitriding treatment is performed with penetration depth not less than 0.55mm, hardness HV not less than 750, and with the tool placed vertically to reduce deformation.
In one embodiment, in step S7, during the finish honing polishing process (considering the influence of honing temperature on measurement results), the honing pressure is reduced to 1/3 (about) of that during rough honing, the machining is stopped when the finish honing polishing process reaches an inner hole size tolerance range of-0.01 to-0.02 mm, the inner hole size is measured and verified after complete cooling, and then the inner hole is polished to the size and the surface roughness by using 180# abrasive cloth, 240# abrasive cloth, 320# abrasive cloth and 800# abrasive cloth;
in one embodiment, in step S8, after finishing machining the inner hole, installing and correcting the tool by taking the inner hole as a reference, correcting the runout of the end face of the tool by a grinding tool by taking the inner hole as a reference, ensuring that the contact area of the center hole of the tool is not less than 90%, confirming the runout of the tool by a separate head not more than 0.005, finely adjusting the taper of the grinding machine before fine grinding not more than 0.005, checking the runout and marking every 200mm length by a surface grinding method, grinding in a general grinding mode, when the grinding allowance is not less than 0.05mm, the grinding feeding amount is 0.01mm, when the grinding allowance is 0-0.05 mm, and finishing the grinding wheel every time.
The invention provides a tool which is integrally arranged in an inner hole of a product subjected to finish honing and polishing, and comprises two core cone top discs which are symmetrically arranged, a pull rod assembly used for locking the two core cone top discs, and a locking mechanism used for locking the pull rod assembly and the corresponding core cone top disc, wherein the taper of the outer surface of each core cone top disc is 1:100, and the middle part of each core cone top disc is provided with a central hole.
Specifically, the inner hole size and the form and position tolerance of the product after finish honing reach the design requirements, the length L of the product after finish honing is more than or equal to 200mm, the core cone top disc is a cone with a ratio of 1:100, and the coaxiality of the center hole and the cone surface and the perpendicularity of the end surface are less than or equal to 0.005 due to the fact that the cone surface, the center hole and the outer end surface are formed at one time.
In one embodiment, the pull rod assembly comprises a plurality of pull rods which are uniformly distributed between and pass through the two core cone top plates along the circumference, the locking mechanism is nuts which are locked at two ends of the corresponding pull rods, and the number of the nuts is twice or four times that of the pull rods.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, after the conical core top plates at two ends are tensioned through a pull rod and a nut, respectively marking the surface to correct the runout of the two end surfaces of the conical core top plates to be less than or equal to 0.005mm, locking the nut, ensuring the coaxiality of the tool and a product after finish honing to be less than or equal to 0.005mm, and grinding the excircle on the basis ensures the coaxiality of an inner hole and an outer member of the product after finish honing to be less than or equal to 0.005mm;
in addition, the number of the optimized pull rods is two, and the two pull rods are symmetrically arranged along the central hole, so that the conical core top disc can be conveniently aligned;
in addition, when the quantity of nut is four times of pull rod quantity, both ends of pull rod have all used two nuts to lock, and the setting of this kind of structure is convenient for lock awl core top disc for two locking awl core top disc location are more stable.
Symmetrical holes with horn mouths are formed in the inner sides of the core cone top discs, so that the pull rod can conveniently and smoothly pass through the symmetrical holes when assembled.
In one embodiment, the center of two side surfaces of each core cone top disc is provided with outwardly protruding step end surfaces, and a center hole penetrates through the center positions of the two step end surfaces.
Specifically, the step end surfaces at the two ends are convenient for clamping to ensure machining tolerance, the two step end surfaces, the conical surface and the central hole are required to be clamped and molded at one time to ensure the coaxiality of the conical surface and the central hole, and the perpendicularity of the two step end surfaces and the central hole is less than or equal to 0.005.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the preparation process and the process parameters of the precise ram disclosed by the invention can ensure the quality and the stability of products;
2. the fixture disclosed by the invention is accurate and firm in positioning, and only the diameter of the conical core top disc and the length of the pull rod are changed for products with different specifications; the tool correction principle and method are simple and reliable; simple structure and flexible use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tooling of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a core cone tip plate;
reference numerals: 1-ram products, 2-core cone top discs, 3-pull rods and 4-nuts.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", etc. are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or those that are conventionally put in place when the inventive product is used, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation process of a precise ram, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a hollow rod-shaped product to be processed, performing quenching and tempering treatment and inspection treatment on the product to be processed, and selecting corresponding heating temperature and heat preservation time to obtain the mechanical properties required by the design of the product to be processed;
s2, straightening, rough turning, boring and rough turning are carried out on the product to be processed in the step S1, and a rough turning product with an inner hole and an outer circle is obtained;
s3, carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the rough turning product obtained in the step S2, and selecting corresponding annealing temperature and heat preservation time to obtain a stress relief annealing product;
s4, performing rough honing, inspection and semi-finish turning on the destressing annealed product obtained in the step S3, and then performing semi-finish honing and inspection for eliminating ellipses and ensuring the size and form and position tolerance of the inner hole;
s5, performing shot blasting treatment, wherein the shot blasting treatment can remove processing stress generated by semi-finish turning and semi-finish honing and ensure the stability of the size and the shape;
s6, assembling a tool for improving coaxiality accuracy of the inner hole and the outer circle, wherein the tool is assembled in the inner hole;
s7, sequentially performing rough grinding, inspection, nitriding, inspection, fine calibration, fine honing polishing and inspection treatment;
s8, sequentially carrying out assembly and correction tool, grinding the center hole, fine grinding the outer circle and inspection treatment;
s9, entering the end face of the mill, and obtaining the ram product 1 with the inner hole and the outer circle after inspection treatment.
Specifically, the aim of the thermal refining is to obtain the mechanical properties required by the design of the ram product 1; the corresponding heating temperature and heat preservation time are selected according to the material of the ram product 1, compared with the prior art, the heat preservation time for quenching and tempering which ensures the consistency of the core part and the surface quality of the product is doubled.
The purpose of the stress relief annealing is to completely and thoroughly relieve the stress generated in the process; the corresponding annealing temperature and heat preservation time are selected according to the material of the ram product 1, and compared with the prior art, the annealing heat preservation time is doubled in order to ensure that the machining stress generated by boring and turning the outer circle is completely removed.
The purpose of semi-finish honing is to eliminate ellipses and ensure the size and form and position tolerance of an inner hole; multiple honing is adopted due to unavoidable wall thickness differences of the ram product 1 to be processed and ellipses generated by boring, and the parameter selection principle is to reduce honing pressure and honing stroke and improve honing rotation speed; the outer circle and the inner hole are deformed in consideration of nitriding process.
Example 2
The embodiment is further optimized based on the embodiment 1, specifically:
in the step S5, the tolerance range from semi-finish honing to inner hole is between minus 0.08 mm and minus 0.09mm, and the elliptical error is less than or equal to 0.01mm.
In the step S6, when the tooling comprises cone core top discs at two ends and the tooling is assembled and calibrated, the top discs at two ends of the tooling are repeatedly tensioned, and after the tooling is subjected to the process of metering, adjustment, metering, adjustment and turning correction, the runout of the top disc end face of the assembled tooling is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005.
Example 3
This example was further optimized based on example 1 or 2, specifically:
in the step S7, grinding allowance of 0.5mm is reserved during rough grinding of the outer circle, firstly, the taper of a grinding machine is adjusted to be less than or equal to 0.005mm, the grinding depth is adjusted to be less than or equal to 0.01mm, the roundness of a ram product 1 is ensured, a grinding wheel is trimmed after grinding for 0.1mm, and nitriding deformation is considered, so that the rough grinding is performed until the size tolerance range of an outer hole is between +0.12 and +0.15.
The penetration depth of nitriding treatment is more than or equal to 0.55mm, the hardness HV is more than or equal to 750, and the nitriding treatment is vertically placed by using a tool to reduce deformation.
During finish honing polishing treatment (considering the influence of honing temperature on a measurement result), honing pressure is reduced to 1/3 (about) of that of rough honing, machining is stopped when the finish honing polishing treatment reaches an inner hole size error range of-0.01 to-0.02 mm, the inner hole size is measured and verified after the finish honing polishing treatment is completely cooled, and then 180# abrasive cloth, 240# abrasive cloth, 320# abrasive cloth and 800# abrasive cloth are used for polishing to the size and the surface roughness;
example 4
This example is further optimized on the basis of any one of examples 1 to 3, in particular:
in the step S8, after finishing machining the inner hole, taking the inner hole as a reference to assemble and calibrate the tool, and polishing the surface runout of the tool, ensuring that the contact area of the central hole of the grinding tool is more than or equal to 90 percent, and dividing the head to confirm that the runout of the tool is less than or equal to 0.005, precisely adjusting the taper of the grinding machine before fine grinding to be less than or equal to 0.005, polishing the surface to check runout and mark every 200mm length, grinding in a general grinding mode, when the grinding allowance is more than or equal to 0.05mm, the grinding feed is 0.01mm, when the grinding allowance is 0-0.05 mm, and finishing the grinding wheel every time.
Example 5
The invention provides a tool, which is integrally arranged in an inner hole of a product subjected to finish honing polishing, and comprises two core cone top discs 2 which are symmetrically arranged, a pull rod 3 assembly used for locking the two core cone top discs 2, and a locking mechanism used for locking the pull rod 3 assembly and the corresponding core cone top disc 2, wherein the taper of the outer surface of each core cone top disc 2 is 1:100, and the middle part of each core cone top disc 2 is provided with a central hole.
Specifically, the inner hole size and the form and position tolerance of the product after finish honing reach the design requirements, the length L of the product after finish honing is more than or equal to 200mm, the core cone top disc 2 is a cone with the ratio of 1:100, and the coaxiality of the central hole and the cone surface and the perpendicularity of the end surface are less than or equal to 0.005 due to the fact that the cone surface, the central hole and the outer end surface are formed at one time.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment is further optimized based on embodiment 5, specifically:
the pull rod 3 assembly comprises a plurality of pull rods 3 which are uniformly distributed between the two core cone top discs 2 according to the circumference and pass through the two core cone top discs 2, the locking mechanism is nuts 4 which are locked at two ends of the corresponding pull rods 3, and the number of the nuts 4 is twice or four times that of the pull rods 3.
Specifically, after the cone core top plates at two ends are tensioned through the pull rod 3 and the nut 4, the runout of the two end surfaces of the correction core cone top plate 2 is respectively made to be less than or equal to 0.005mm, the coaxiality of the tool and a product after finish honing is ensured to be less than or equal to 0.005mm after the nut 4 is locked, and the coaxiality of an inner hole and an outer member of the product after finish honing is ensured to be less than or equal to 0.005mm after the outer circle is ground on the basis;
in addition, the number of the optimized pull rods 3 is two, and the two pull rods 3 are symmetrically arranged along the center hole, so that the conical core top disc can be conveniently aligned;
in addition, when the quantity of the nuts 4 is four times that of the pull rods 3, two nuts 4 are used for locking at two ends of the pull rods 3, and the conical core top disc is convenient to lock due to the arrangement of the structure, so that the two locking conical core top discs are more stable in positioning.
Symmetrical holes with horn mouths are formed in the inner sides of the core cone top discs 2, so that the pull rod 3 can pass through smoothly during assembly.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 2, this embodiment is further optimized based on embodiment 5 or 6, specifically:
the center of two side surfaces of each core cone top disc 2 is provided with outwardly protruding step end surfaces, and a center hole penetrates through the center positions of the two step end surfaces.
Specifically, the step end surfaces at the two ends are convenient for clamping to ensure machining tolerance, the two step end surfaces, the conical surface and the central hole are required to be clamped and molded at one time to ensure the coaxiality of the conical surface and the central hole, and the perpendicularity of the two step end surfaces and the central hole is less than or equal to 0.005.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation process of the precise ram is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing a hollow rod-shaped product to be processed, performing quenching and tempering treatment and inspection treatment on the product to be processed, and selecting corresponding heating temperature and heat preservation time to obtain the mechanical properties required by the design of the product to be processed;
s2, straightening, rough turning, boring and rough turning are carried out on the product to be processed in the step S1, and a rough turning product with an inner hole and an outer circle is obtained;
s3, carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the rough turning product obtained in the step S2, and selecting corresponding annealing temperature and heat preservation time to obtain a stress relief annealing product;
s4, performing rough honing, inspection and semi-finish turning on the destressing annealed product obtained in the step S3, and then performing semi-finish honing and inspection for eliminating ellipses and ensuring the size and form and position tolerance of the inner hole;
s5, performing shot blasting treatment, wherein the shot blasting treatment can remove processing stress generated by semi-finish turning and semi-finish honing and ensure the stability of the size and the shape;
s6, assembling a tool for improving coaxiality accuracy of the inner hole and the outer circle, wherein the tool is assembled in the inner hole;
s7, sequentially performing rough grinding, inspection, nitriding, inspection, fine calibration, fine honing polishing and inspection treatment;
s8, sequentially carrying out assembly and correction tool, grinding the center hole, fine grinding the outer circle and inspection treatment;
s9, entering the end face of the mill, and checking to obtain the ram product (1) with the size and form and position tolerance of the inner hole and the outer circle.
2. The process for manufacturing the precise ram according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, in the step S5, the error range from semi-finish honing to inner hole is between-0.08 mm and-0.09 mm, and the elliptical error is less than or equal to 0.01mm.
3. The process for manufacturing the precise ram according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, in the step S6, the tooling comprises repeated tensioning of the top plates at two ends of the tooling when the conical core top plates at two ends are assembled and calibrated, and after the tooling is subjected to the process of metering, adjusting, metering, adjusting and turning correction, the runout of the end surfaces of the top plates of the assembled tooling is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005.
4. The process for manufacturing the precise ram according to claim 1, wherein in the step S7, a grinding allowance of 0.5mm is left during the rough grinding of the outer circle, the taper of the grinding machine is adjusted to be less than or equal to 0.005mm, the grinding depth is adjusted to be less than or equal to 0.01mm, the roundness of the ram product (1) is ensured, the grinding wheel is trimmed after each grinding of 0.1mm, and the outer circle is rough ground to a size tolerance range of +0.12 to +0.15 in consideration of nitriding deformation.
5. The process for manufacturing a precision ram according to claim 1, wherein in step S7, the penetration depth of nitriding treatment is not less than 0.55mm, hardness HV is not less than 750, and the jig is used for vertical placement to reduce deformation.
6. The process for manufacturing a precision ram according to claim 1, wherein in step S7, the honing pressure is reduced to 1/3 of that of the rough honing during the finish honing polishing process, the machining is stopped when the finish honing polishing process reaches an inner hole size tolerance range of-0.01 to-0.02 mm, the inner hole size is measured and verified after the finish cooling, and the polishing is performed to the size and the surface roughness by using 180#, 240#, 320# and 800# abrasive cloths.
7. The process for manufacturing the precise ram according to claim 1, wherein in the step S8, after finishing machining the inner hole, the outer circle is finely ground, the inner hole is taken as a reference, after the end face runout of the surface correction tool is less than or equal to 0.005, the contact area of the center hole of the grinding tool is more than or equal to 90%, the runout of the tool is less than or equal to 0.005 through the separation, the taper of the fine grinding machine is less than or equal to 0.005 before fine grinding, the runout is checked and marked by grinding at intervals of 200mm length by the surface, the grinding feed is 0.01mm when the grinding allowance is more than or equal to 0.05mm, the grinding feed is 0.005mm when the grinding allowance is 0-0.05 mm, and the grinding wheel is trimmed once every grinding.
8. A tooling, which is applicable to the preparation process of the precise ram according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized in that the tooling is integrally arranged in an inner hole of a product subjected to finish honing polishing, and comprises two core cone top discs (2) which are symmetrically arranged, a pull rod (3) component used for locking the two core cone top discs (2), and a locking mechanism used for locking the pull rod (3) component and corresponding core cone top discs (2), wherein the taper of the outer surface of each core cone top disc (2) is 1:100, and the middle part of each core cone top disc (2) is provided with a central hole.
9. A tool according to claim 8, wherein the pull rod (3) assembly comprises a plurality of pull rods (3) which are circumferentially distributed between two core cone top discs (2) and pass through the two core cone top discs (2), the locking mechanism is nuts (4) locked at two ends of the corresponding pull rods (3), and the number of the nuts (4) is twice or four times that of the pull rods (3).
10. A tooling according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the center of each side of the cone-top core (2) is provided with outwardly projecting stepped end surfaces, and the central hole passes through the center of the two stepped end surfaces.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310859356.XA CN116833684A (en) | 2023-07-13 | 2023-07-13 | Preparation process and tool of precise ram |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310859356.XA CN116833684A (en) | 2023-07-13 | 2023-07-13 | Preparation process and tool of precise ram |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116833684A true CN116833684A (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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| CN202310859356.XA Pending CN116833684A (en) | 2023-07-13 | 2023-07-13 | Preparation process and tool of precise ram |
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