CN116831570A - 一种用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品及其应用 - Google Patents
一种用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品及其应用,其特征在于:该传感器阵列纺织品从上至下共由三层组成,最上面一层是织有纤维湿度传感器及纤维电阻的柔性织物,中间一层为开有多个小孔的弹性体层,每个小孔对应一个纤维传感器的导电端头或者一个电阻的导电端头,形成柔性开关;最底下一层是涂覆满导电材料的柔性织物,纤维湿度传感器、柔性开关和纤维电阻通过涂覆有导电材料的柔性织物纤维串并联电气连接,形成传感阵列,用于监测人体与传感器阵列纺织品接触部位的湿度。通过简单的编织方法可以形成相应功能的传感器阵列纺织品,与日常穿着的面料几乎相同的外观,能实现人体湿度和环境湿度的区分。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于传感器领域,具体为一种用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品及其应用。
背景技术
近几十年来,随着物联网、新材料的发展以及人们对自身健康的日益关注,柔性可穿戴传感器极大地拓展了传统刚性电子学在传感、监测和诊断上的应用,这些传感器能够以舒适穿戴的方式连续监测佩戴者的生命健康活动。
汗液是一种非常重要的体液,在调节人体温度和维持平衡方面起着至关重要的作用,汗液量的多少关系着人体散热系统的正常运作,并且运动、温度、睡眠状况等也会影响汗液量。因此,监测人体皮肤表面的湿度可以及时地反映人体排出的汗液量,进而实现对人体健康、睡眠质量等方面的监测。目前,柔性湿度传感器已广泛应用于人体出汗及环境湿度等信息的监测。根据其原理,这些传感器可分为电阻式、电容式和光学式等类型。其中,电阻式湿度传感器由于其应用范围广泛、灵敏度高等优点成为当前主流的湿度传感器类型,这类湿度传感器的电阻会随湿度的变化而改变。尽管如此,传统的湿度传感器只能监测到周围湿度的变化,并不能直接区分人体湿度和环境湿度。如果通过后台算法或单片机等来区分湿度类型,一方面会存在准确度低、效率低、电路功耗高等问题,另一方面,额外的电路板会使整个传感器更加累赘,不适合长时间穿戴。因此,研发一种对人体具有高贴合度、低成本、可区分人体湿度且可实现实时监测等特点,用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,是本发明的重要思想。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,原材料来源广泛、成本低、质量轻、可以自由变形的柔性织物纤维,通过简单的编织方法可以形成相应功能的传感器阵列纺织品,与日常穿着的面料几乎相同的外观,能实现人体湿度和环境湿度的区分。本发明还公开了该传感器阵列纺织品的应用。
为实现以上第一目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:一种用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,其特征在于:该传感器阵列纺织品从上至下共由三层组成,最上面一层是织有纤维湿度传感器及纤维电阻的柔性织物,中间一层为开有多个小孔的弹性体层,每个小孔对应一个纤维传感器的导电端头或者一个电阻的导电端头,形成柔性开关;最底下一层是涂覆满导电材料的柔性织物,纤维湿度传感器、柔性开关和纤维电阻通过涂覆有导电材料的柔性织物纤维串并联电气连接,形成传感阵列,用于监测人体与传感器阵列纺织品接触部位的湿度。
上述方案中:所述纤维湿度传感器是在柔性织物纤维上先涂覆导电材料与亲水聚合物的共混薄层,然后再在共混薄层两端涂覆导电材料制备而成。
上述方案中:所述亲水聚合物是聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酞胺、聚丙烯酸钠中的一种。
上述方案中:所述纤维电阻是在柔性织物纤维上涂覆含导电材料的薄层制备而成,其阻值为1kΩ-500kΩ。
上述方案中:所述导电材料是碳纳米管、活性炭、石墨烯、金属颗粒中的一种。
上述方案中:最上面一层是包括多个纤维湿度传感器及多个纤维电阻的柔性织物,每一个纤维湿度传感器和一个柔性开关串联形成一个传感单元组,将多个传感单元组并联连接,形成一个并联传感组;
每一个纤维电阻和一个柔性开关串联形成一个电阻单元组,将多个电阻单元组并联连接,形成一个并联电阻组;
至少一个并联电阻组和至少一个并联传感组串联形成传感器阵列;
每个并联传感组和每个并联电阻组的传感单元组和电阻单元组的数量相同;
传感阵列中并联传感组和并联电阻组的数量相同。
上述方案中:所述弹性体为乳胶、橡胶、海绵、泡棉中的一种。
上述方案中:所述弹性体层的厚度为0.01cm-5cm。
上述方案中:所述传感阵列两端与电池正负极相连,此时,在每个并联传感组两端引出电压信号,该电压信号可反映出湿度变化。
所述用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品在制作传感床垫、传感坐垫、传感手套、传感衣服、传感鞋帽上的应用。
本发明传感器阵列纺织品的工作原理是:当人体与该纺织品接触时,人体对该纺织品施加压力,第一层的导电图案通过第二层对应的小孔与涂覆导电材料的第三层接触,电路导通,接触点的湿度传感器对人体体表湿度变化进行响应,其电阻发生变化,通过电路输出信号,然后通讯模块采集信号并发送给用户终端。
本发明是具有高贴合度、易于集成、低成本、可实现实时监测等特点的用于监测人体与纺织品接触部位湿度变化的传感器阵列纺织品,后续能够通过简单的编织形成织物,与日常穿着的面料几乎相同的外观,能实现环境湿度和人体湿度的区分。
附图说明
图1为传感器阵列纺织品的实物设计图。
图2传感器阵列纺织品的电路原理图。
图3应用例1传感器阵列纺织品传感单元组电压信号。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步描述。
实施例1
一种用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,该传感器阵列纺织品从上至下共由三层组成,最上面一层是织有纤维湿度传感器1及纤维电阻2的柔性织物,中间一层为开有多个小孔4的弹性体层3,每个小孔4对应一个纤维传感器的导电端头或者一个电阻的导电端头,形成柔性开关。最底下一层是涂覆满导电材料的柔性织物(导电柔性织物),纤维湿度传感器1、柔性开关和纤维电阻2通过涂覆有导电材料的柔性织物纤维5串并联电气连接,形成传感阵列,用于监测人体与传感器阵列纺织品接触部位的湿度。
为了提高检测精度,实现多点监测,最上面一层是包括多个纤维湿度传感器1及多个纤维电阻2的柔性织物,每一个纤维湿度传感器和一个柔性开关串联形成一个传感单元组,将多个传感单元组并联连接,形成一个并联传感组。
每一个纤维电阻2和一个柔性开关串联形成一个电阻单元组,将多个电阻单元组并联连接,形成一个并联电阻组。
至少一个并联电阻组和至少一个并联传感组串联形成传感器阵列。一般选择至少两个并联电阻组和至少两个并联传感组串联形成传感器阵列。
每个并联传感组和每个并联电阻组的传感单元组和电阻单元组的数量相同。
传感阵列中并联传感组和并联电阻组的数量相同。
传感阵列两端与电池正负极相连,此时,在并联传感组两端引出电压信号,图2中的A点和B点引出电压信号,该电压信号可反映出湿度变化。
纤维湿度传感器是在柔性织物纤维上先涂覆导电材料与亲水聚合物的共混薄层,然后再在共混薄层两端涂覆导电材料制备而成。亲水聚合物可以是聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酞胺、聚丙烯酸钠中的一种。
纤维电阻是在柔性织物纤维上涂覆含导电材料的薄层制备而成,其阻值为1kΩ-500kΩ。导电材料是碳纳米管、活性炭、石墨烯、金属颗粒中的一种。
弹性体为乳胶、橡胶、海绵、泡棉中的一种。弹性体层的厚度为0.01cm-5cm。
应用例1
将一个床垫分为三层,在第一层柔性织物层上按照布点位置设置CNT(碳纳米管)/PVA(聚乙烯醇)纤维湿度传感器和活性炭纤维电阻。
CNT(碳纳米管)/PVA(聚乙烯醇)纤维湿度传感器即在柔性织物纤维上先涂覆CNT导电材料与PVA亲水聚合物的共混薄层(1:1质量比混合),然后再在共混薄层两端涂覆CNT导电材料制备而成。
活性炭纤维电阻在柔性织物纤维上涂覆活性炭导电材料薄层制备而成,其阻值为1kΩ。
碳纳米管作为导电材料涂覆在柔性织物纤维上作为导线来连接CNT/PVA纤维湿度传感器和活性炭纤维电阻。CNT(碳纳米管)/PVA(聚乙烯醇)纤维湿度传感器和活性炭纤维电阻布局按照图1布局,按照实施例1的方法连接组装。
中间一层为开有多个小孔的乳胶层,最底下一层涂覆满碳纳米管。
形成用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列床垫,且随着接触部位湿度的变化,传感单元的电压信号在0.5-2.5V之间。
应用例2
将一个坐垫分为三层,纤维湿度传感器为石墨/聚丙烯酸纤维湿度传感器,活性炭作为导电材料,按照应用例1的方法制作石墨/聚丙烯酸纤维湿度传感器以及纤维电阻。中间一层为开有多个小孔的海绵层,最底下一层涂覆满活性炭的柔性织物。按照实施例1的方法连接组装,形成用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列坐垫,且随着接触部位湿度的变化,传感单元的电压信号在0.5-2.0V之间。
应用例3
将一个手套分为三层,纤维湿度传感器为石墨烯/NMP纤维湿度传感器,石墨烯作为导电材料,按照实施例1的方法制作石墨烯/NMP纤维湿度传感器和纤维电阻,中间一层为开有多个小孔的乳胶层,最底下一层涂覆满石墨烯的柔性织物。安装实施例1的方式组装,形成用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列手套,且随着接触部位湿度的变化,传感单元的电压信号在1.5-3V之间。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,其特征在于:该传感器阵列纺织品从上至下共由三层组成,最上面一层是织有纤维湿度传感器及纤维电阻的柔性织物,中间一层为开有多个小孔的弹性体层,每个小孔对应一个纤维传感器的导电端头或者一个电阻的导电端头,形成柔性开关;最底下一层是涂覆满导电材料的柔性织物,纤维湿度传感器、柔性开关和纤维电阻通过涂覆有导电材料的柔性织物纤维串并联电气连接,形成传感阵列,用于监测人体与传感器阵列纺织品接触部位的湿度。
2.根据权利要求1所述用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,其特征在于:所述纤维湿度传感器是在柔性织物纤维上先涂覆导电材料与亲水聚合物的共混薄层,然后再在共混薄层两端涂覆导电材料制备而成。
3.根据权利要求2所述用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,其特征在于:所述亲水聚合物是聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酞胺、聚丙烯酸钠中的一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,其特征在于:所述纤维电阻是在柔性织物纤维上涂覆含导电材料的薄层制备而成,其阻值为1kΩ-500kΩ。
5.根据权利要求2-4任一项所述用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,其特征在于:所述导电材料是碳纳米管、活性炭、石墨烯、金属颗粒中的一种。
6.根据权利要求5所述用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,其特征在于:最上面一层是包括多个纤维湿度传感器及多个纤维电阻的柔性织物,每一个纤维湿度传感器和一个柔性开关串联形成一个传感单元组,将多个传感单元组并联连接,形成一个并联传感组;
每一个纤维电阻和一个柔性开关串联形成一个电阻单元组,将多个电阻单元组并联连接,形成一个并联电阻组;
至少一个并联电阻组和至少一个并联传感组串联形成传感器阵列;
每个并联传感组和每个并联电阻组的传感单元组和电阻单元组的数量相同;
传感阵列中并联传感组和并联电阻组的数量相同。
7.根据权利要求1所述用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,其特征在于:所述弹性体为乳胶、橡胶、海绵、泡棉中的一种。
8.根据权利要求7所述用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,其特征在于:所述弹性体层的厚度为0.01cm-5cm。
9.根据权利要求1所述用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品,其特征在于:所述传感阵列两端与电池正负极相连,此时,在每个并联传感组两端引出电压信号,该电压信号可反映出湿度变化。
10.权利要求1-9任一项所述用于监测人体接触部位局部湿度信号的传感器阵列纺织品在制作传感床垫、传感坐垫、传感手套、传感衣服、传感鞋帽上的应用。
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