CN116831365A - Manufacturing method of micro-painted enamel jewelry - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of micro-painted enamel jewelry Download PDFInfo
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- CN116831365A CN116831365A CN202310794592.8A CN202310794592A CN116831365A CN 116831365 A CN116831365 A CN 116831365A CN 202310794592 A CN202310794592 A CN 202310794592A CN 116831365 A CN116831365 A CN 116831365A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 84
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010425 computer drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Inorganic materials [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
- A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
- A44C27/00—Making jewellery or other personal adornments
- A44C27/001—Materials for manufacturing jewellery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a method for manufacturing micro-painted enamel jewelry, which belongs to the technical field of enamel materials and comprises the following steps: (1) manufacturing a blank through a die according to a preset pattern; (2) annealing, polishing, degreasing and cleaning the blank; (3) Grinding enamel materials to the required granularity respectively, and cleaning with deionized water; (4) The cleaned green body is coated with enamel materials, burned, polished and repaired to form a ground enamel layer; (5) The colored enamel material is adopted to outline the outline of the primer layer, and firing is carried out to form a glazed outline; (6) Drawing a preset colored enamel pattern on the surface of the ground glaze by using a non-eyepiece stereoscopic microscope, and firing to form a micro-painted pattern glaze layer; (7) Firing colorless transparent enamel on the micro-pattern glaze layer to form surface glazing glaze; (8) And (3) grinding, polishing and electroplating the workpiece to obtain the micro-painted enamel jewelry.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of enamel materials, in particular to a method for manufacturing micro-painted enamel jewelry.
Background
Enamel is a process for attaching glaze to a metal surface, and an art work made by attaching vitreous glaze to a metal surface is called an enamel ware. The glaze is mainly prepared by firing quartz, feldspar, saltpeter, sodium carbonate and other oxides with lead, tin and other oxides. Because the ceramic tile is formed by smelting mineral substances, has the advantages of air impermeability, water seepage prevention and the like of a plurality of mineral substances, has the unique luster and transparent feel of precious stones, and is applied to the surface of an article as a high-grade decoration process.
From the perspective of manufacturing process, enamel process is divided into three types of cloisonne enamel, internally filled enamel and enamel, wherein the enamel process is one of the highest technical content, and is characterized in that a five-color and six-color enamel pigment is drawn on the surface of a matrix in a painting mode, and after high-temperature firing, a colored painting decorative pattern is formed, namely 'enamel painting', which has very high collection and ornamental value, is applied to high-end luxurious artware of Royal noble, is a great work of classical ancient process of China, particularly, enamel painting technology of Qing dynasty Guangdong reaches a peak, and a large number of enamel painting devices are manufactured, and the outer footprint is far distributed in Europe, north America, western and southeast Asia areas, so that devices, textures, colors and functions suitable for different markets are generated.
The traditional enamel painting process is to paint on the surface of a large object, the adopted drawing tool, pigment, drawing method, firing method and the like are relatively extensive, and the inspection and evaluation of the product quality are only carried out by means of naked eyes, so that defects such as oversized holes, impurities, cracks, variegates and the like are not considered to be qualified. The traditional enamel jewelry painting process also basically adopts the traditional method, and a few institutions develop researches aiming at the problems that the traditional enamel jewelry painting process cannot keep up with the times, the production efficiency is low and the like, so that a certain achievement is achieved.
For example, patent CN10761321a discloses a method for making enamel jewelry with silver tyre, which comprises pressing silver material into silver tyre by a mould, polishing the silver tyre to smooth, painting enamel base color, painting with high-grade enamel material for the second time, firing at 830-870 ℃ for 2-5 min, and polishing. Patent CN104473392a discloses a process for manufacturing silver-colored enamel, which comprises the steps of pressing silver sheets to a required thickness by a tablet press, spin-forming the silver sheets to obtain silver-colored enamel, polishing the silver-colored enamel, welding accessories, preparing enamel color, manually painting silver matrix, and manufacturing the silver-colored enamel product. The patent CN109770492A discloses a processing technology of enamel color jewelry with a blank, which comprises the steps of manufacturing the blank, polishing the blank, cleaning the blank, manufacturing enamel raw materials, hooking lines, firing enamel contours, primary enamel painting, primary enamel firing, secondary enamel painting, secondary enamel firing, polishing and the like. The processing efficiency of enamel jewelry is improved to a certain extent, but the enamel painting method is not different from the traditional process, and the enamel painting method is only suitable for products with low quality requirements and mass production development. Some efforts have been made to use enamel, but in practice epoxy resins are used instead of high temperature enamel, which cure by chemical crosslinking reactions at low temperatures. For example, patent CN111904117a discloses a method for batch processing of enamel painting technology on jewelry, which adopts a coloring device to fill epoxy resin liquid into a preset groove on a metal matrix, and then baking and curing the epoxy resin liquid at a temperature below 120 ℃, and then continuously drawing patterns on the surface of the metal matrix by using the epoxy resin liquid, so that the purpose of batch processing of ordinary practitioners is realized. Patent CN107616585a discloses a process for preparing jewelry by drawing cold enamel with plain, which also adopts low-temperature epoxy resin liquid to fill and paint on the bottom of a metal tire, and the resin is solidified by baking at about 80 ℃ for a long time, thus realizing mass production. Because the high-temperature enamel glaze is not used for drawing, the high-temperature enamel glaze has far distance from the high-temperature enamel in the aspects of process difficulty, appearance effect, product grade, durability and the like.
When the current enamel painting process is used for jewelry surfaces, good effects are difficult to obtain because the jewelry is very small in volume and very high in quality requirement, and the quality requirement of the conventional general enamel painting device is not at one level at all, so that the fineness and accuracy are difficult to ensure when the conventional drawing tool and visual operation are adopted to inspect and evaluate the quality of the jewelry, and particularly the effects in the aspects of detail, color gradient and the like are rough, so that the jewelry process requirement cannot be met simply by using the conventional enamel painting process. To obtain the enamel painting effect with good decorative effect, bright and rich color and firm and stable glaze layer on jewelry, the enamel painting effect needs to be selectively glazed and fired in a partitioned and segmented mode according to the property of glaze, the characteristics of product structures and the difference of different parts, and particularly, the effect cannot be ensured by simply relying on naked eyes in the aspects of detail parts, clear and crisp boundary lines, color gradient, glaze layer thickness control and the like, and the natural smooth color with thick sense can be formed only by flexibly adopting a fine drawing tool and proper pen touch position in a microscopic and amplified view field, so that phenomena such as floating color, monotone, color mixing and the like are avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for manufacturing micro-painted enamel jewelry, which has the advantages of rich color, clear pattern, thick sense, natural gradual change and no floating color mixture.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
a method for manufacturing micro-painted enamel jewelry comprises the following steps:
(1) Manufacturing a blank through a die according to a preset pattern;
(2) Annealing, polishing, degreasing and cleaning the blank;
(3) Grinding enamel materials to the required granularity respectively, and cleaning with deionized water;
(4) The cleaned green body is coated with enamel materials, burned, polished and repaired to form a ground enamel layer;
(5) The colored enamel material is adopted to outline the outline of the primer layer, and firing is carried out to form a glazed outline;
(6) Drawing a preset colored enamel pattern on the surface of the base glaze through a micro-painting enamel material by a non-eyepiece stereoscopic microscope according to the firing temperature sequence from high to low, and firing successively to form a micro-painting pattern glaze layer;
(7) Firing colorless transparent enamel on the micro-pattern glaze layer to form surface glazing glaze;
(8) And (3) grinding, polishing and electroplating the workpiece to obtain the micro-painted enamel jewelry.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the blank is a platinum material having a thermal expansion coefficient of 8.9X10 -6 /℃～9.0×10 -6 /℃。
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the green body Pt950 platinum material.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the annealing temperature is 900-1000 ℃.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the eyepiece-less stereoscopic microscope has a magnification of 6 to 120 times.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the enamel material in the step (3) is ground by a high-energy ball mill, and the grinding pot and the grinding balls are made of agate.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the particle size of the raw color enamel material in the step (4) is 100 to 150 meshes, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the raw color enamel material is 8.5X10 -6 /℃～8.8×10 -6 The firing temperature is 840-890 ℃, and the firing time is 50-90 s.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the primer layer has an average thickness of 0.3 to 0.5mm.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the colored enamel in the step (5) has a particle size of 1000 to 1500 mesh and a thermal expansion coefficient of 8.2X10 -6 /℃～8.5×10 -6 The firing temperature is 830-850 ℃, and the firing time is 50-90 s. As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the micro-painted enamel material in the step (6) has a particle size of 1500 to 2000 mesh and a thermal expansion coefficient of 8.2X10 -6 /℃～8.5×10 -6 The firing temperature is 780-850 ℃, the firing is carried out sequentially from the high firing temperature to the bottom in the micro-painting, and the firing time is 50-70 s each time.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the colorless transparent enamel in the step (7) has a particle size of 150 to 200 mesh and a thermal expansion coefficient of 7.9X10 -6 /℃～8.2×10 -6 The firing temperature is 760-780 ℃ and the firing time is 50-60 s.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the workpiece in step (8) is polished by using a diamond sanding needle to remove the splashed glaze drops on the blank.
The application has the beneficial effects that: (1) Aiming at the problems of rough process, insufficient fineness, poor color effect and the like in the existing jewelry enamel process, the application uses platinum alloy suitable for firing enamel as jewelry blank material, selects lead-free enamel glaze with low thermal expansion coefficient, adopts a eyepiece-free stereoscopic microscope and a universal clamping pedestal for micro-painting, and fires for multiple times according to the property of enamel color glaze, finally obtains micro-painting enamel effect with rich color, clear pattern, thick sense, natural gradual change and no floating color mixture; (2) The application mainly starts from the following aspects to improve the enamel painting effect: firstly, selecting a proper jewelry blank material; secondly, selecting enamel glaze matched with the thermal expansion coefficient of the blank material; thirdly, selecting various enamel technological methods, arranging glazing and firing sequences according to the sequence from high temperature to low temperature, and forming richness and sense of thickness of the color by distinguishing the colors to fire for multiple times; fourthly, the eyepiece-free stereoscopic microscope and a special glazing tool are adopted to carry out micro-painting operation, so that the problems of clear color, natural gradual change, no floating color mixing and the like are ensured.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In the application, the technical characteristics described in an open mode comprise a closed technical scheme composed of the listed characteristics and also comprise an open technical scheme comprising the listed characteristics.
In the present application, the numerical ranges are referred to as continuous, and include the minimum and maximum values of the ranges, and each value between the minimum and maximum values, unless otherwise specified. Further, when a range refers to an integer, each integer between the minimum and maximum values of the range is included. Further, when multiple range description features or characteristics are provided, the ranges may be combined. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, all ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to include any and all subranges subsumed therein.
In the present application, the specific dispersing and stirring treatment method is not particularly limited.
The reagents or apparatus used in the present application are conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's knowledge.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for manufacturing micro-painted enamel jewelry, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Manufacturing a blank through a die according to a preset pattern;
(2) Annealing, polishing, degreasing and cleaning the blank;
(3) Grinding enamel materials to the required granularity respectively, and cleaning with deionized water;
(4) The cleaned green body is coated with enamel materials, burned, polished and repaired to form a ground enamel layer;
(5) The colored enamel material is adopted to outline the outline of the primer layer, and firing is carried out to form a glazed outline;
(6) Drawing a preset colored enamel pattern on the surface of the base glaze through a micro-painting enamel material by a non-eyepiece stereoscopic microscope according to the firing temperature sequence from high to low, and firing successively to form a micro-painting pattern glaze layer;
(7) Firing colorless transparent enamel on the micro-pattern glaze layer to form surface glazing glaze;
(8) And (3) grinding, polishing and electroplating the workpiece to obtain the micro-painted enamel jewelry.
Aiming at the problem that the existing enamel painting process cannot meet the jewelry quality requirements in terms of color distribution, color thickness sense, fineness, glaze layer stability, glaze color effect and the like, the application mainly starts with the following aspects to improve the enamel painting effect: firstly, selecting a proper jewelry blank material; secondly, selecting enamel glaze matched with the thermal expansion coefficient of the blank material; thirdly, selecting various enamel technological methods, arranging glazing and firing sequences according to the sequence from high temperature to low temperature, and forming richness and sense of thickness of the color by distinguishing the colors to fire for multiple times; fourthly, the eyepiece-free stereoscopic microscope and a special glazing tool are adopted to carry out micro-painting operation, so that the problems of clear color, natural gradual change, no floating color mixing and the like are ensured.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the blank is a platinum material having a thermal expansion coefficient of 8.9X10 -6 /℃～9.0×10 -6 /℃。
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the green body Pt950 platinum material.
According to the application, the platinum with the color of Pt950 is selected as a blank material to ensure the value of jewelry, and noble metal elements such as ruthenium, palladium, iridium and the like are used as alloy elements, so that the alloy has noble material properties, very stable chemical properties, basically does not generate oxidative discoloration when the enamel is fired, and is favorable for obtaining a good enamel effect. The material can be well matched with gemstones such as diamond, colored gemstones and jade, has higher strength, and can ensure firm inlay and stability of a glaze layer.
By way of example, the green body material may include Pt950Ir50 (95% platinum, 5% iridium), pt950Pd50 (95% platinum, 5% palladium), pt950Ru50 (95% platinum, 5% ruthenium).
The method comprises the steps of determining whether a blank is integrally formed or disassembled, formed and then assembled by comprehensively considering the special requirements of the technology such as the structural characteristics of products, firing, grinding, inlaying and polishing of glazes with different properties, and the like, and preferentially selecting wax loss casting for forming jewelry with a relatively complex structure; the structure is relatively simple, has texture and can be molded by CNC processing. The enamel on different parts of the same product has different firing process requirements, and is suitable for disassembling the enamel preferentially. For jewelry with inlaid precious stones, the structure of the jewelry is designed according to the properties, the sizes and the positions of the precious stones, for main stones and other precious stones with large sizes, the inlaid opening part is preferably arranged into a detachable assembled structure, and the assembly and the welding are carried out through a positioning device and a laser welding pit, so that the damage to enamel caused by flame brazing is avoided; for closely nail insert broken drill or forcing insert ladder square precious stone, its inlay position can be connected with enamel position into an organic whole, inlay the metal edge width of position and keep more than 1 mm.
The design pattern is based on the subject, emotion and artistic effect of jewelry and the structure of enamel-painted part, and the corresponding enamel pattern is designed, and the enamel pattern is drawn in a ratio of 1:1 by hand drawing or computer drawing, and the color distribution scheme in the pattern is planned.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the annealing temperature is 900-1000 ℃.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the eyepiece-less stereoscopic microscope has a magnification of 6 to 120 times. Because the jewelry is small in body weight and fine in structure, the enamel to be painted is usually small, and the fine and smooth effect is difficult to achieve when the operation is observed by naked eyes. Therefore, the application adopts the ocular-free stereoscopic microscope as a necessary device for micro-painting enamel, the magnification of the device is 6-120 times, and the optical paths are combined into a stereoscopic image with high definition and high contrast without aberration through the lens group, so that the operation accuracy is obviously improved. Meanwhile, the device abandons the traditional ocular, the eyes do not need to be tightly focused, the head can move freely, the picture can be observed in a more natural mode, the hand-eye cooperation is convenient, the eye fatigue caused by continuous contraction and expansion of pupil muscles and the neck and shoulder fatigue caused by long-term fixation posture are avoided, the operation comfort level and the working efficiency are remarkably improved, and the excellent ergonomic performance is obtained.
The working table of the eyepiece-free stereoscopic microscope is provided with the universal turntable, jewelry of the painting enamel is fixed on the universal turntable, the two sides of the working table are respectively provided with the cold light source and the transmission optical fiber, the brightness of the light source can be adjusted through the knob, and the optical fiber is packaged in the plastic sleeve, so that the painting enamel can be flexibly bent and transposed without breaking. The light of the cold light source irradiates the painting area through the optical fiber at an optimal angle, so that accurate operation during micro painting is facilitated.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the particle size of the raw color enamel material in the step (4) is 100 to 150 meshes, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the raw color enamel material is 8.5X10 -6 /℃～8.8×10 -6 The firing temperature is 840-890 ℃, and the firing time is 50-90 s.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the primer layer is 0.3 to 0.5mm.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the colored enamel in the step (5) has a particle size of 1000 to 1500 mesh and a thermal expansion coefficient of 8.2X10 -6 /℃～8.5×10 -6 The firing temperature is 830-850 ℃, and the firing time is 40-60 s. As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the micro-painted enamel material in the step (6) has a particle size of 1500 to 2000 mesh and a thermal expansion coefficient of 8.2X10 -6 /℃～8.5×10 -6 The firing temperature is 780-850 ℃, the firing is carried out sequentially from the high firing temperature to the bottom in the micro-painting, and the firing time is 50-70 s each time.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the colorless transparent enamel in the step (7) has a particle size of 150 to 200 mesh and a thermal expansion coefficient of 7.9X10 -6 /℃～8.2×10 -6 The firing temperature is 760-780 ℃ and the firing time is 50-60 s.
The application forms the richness and the sense of thickness of color by controlling the sintering temperature and the sintering time of the plain enamel material, the colored enamel material and the overglaze enamel material.
In the present application, the raw materials of the plain enamel, the colored enamel and the overglaze enamel are all commercially available materials, as long as the coefficients of thermal expansion and the colors thereof satisfy the requirements of the present application.
The application creatively adopts the plain enamel material, the colored enamel material and the colorless over-glaze enamel material with gradually reduced thermal expansion coefficients, and the thermal expansion coefficients of the plain enamel material, the colored enamel material and the colorless over-glaze enamel material are 7.9x10 -6 /℃～8.8×10 -6 The temperature is slightly lower than the green body, the firing temperature is not higher than 900 ℃, so that slight compressive stress is formed on the fired glaze layer, the distribution of the compressive stress is gradually increased from the plain base glaze layer to the colored enamel glaze layer and then to the colorless overglaze layer, and the stability of the glaze layer is facilitated. And selecting corresponding glaze colors according to design intention to form matching of multiple colors. The base glaze layer is preferably an opaque glaze with single plain color, such as white or black, and the surface glaze layer is prepared by adopting various colored glazes, so that abundant colors are formed in aspects of hue, brightness, purity and the like.
Illustratively, after the plain enamel, the colored enamel and the overglaze enamel are ground to the corresponding mesh numbers by a high-energy ball mill, an agate grinding tank and a grinding ball, the overglaze enamel and the overglaze enamel are repeatedly cleaned by deionized water, and dust in the overglaze enamel, the overglaze enamel and the overglaze enamel are thoroughly cleaned until the cleaning water is clear. Then soaking for 1-3 min with nitric acid to remove impurities in the glaze, and then repeatedly cleaning with deionized water. Deionized water is used as a blending medium of the glaze, and the painting enamel blended by the deionized water has the characteristics of good permeability, good fluidity, good fusion, transparency, elegance and the like, and is very suitable for colored drawing. The enamel material is stirred uniformly by a glass rod and placed in a vacuum chamber for vacuumizing, so that bubbles in the enamel material are basically removed. Bottled with frosted glass and covered with glass cover.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the colorless transparent enamel in the step (7) has a particle size of 150 to 200 mesh and a thermal expansion coefficient of 7.9X10 -6 /℃～8.2×10 -6 The firing temperature is 760-780 ℃ and the firing time is 50-60 s.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the workpiece in step (8) is polished by using a diamond sanding needle to remove the splashed glaze drops on the blank.
The following examples are provided to facilitate an understanding of the present application. These examples are not provided to limit the scope of the claims.
Example 1
A manufacturing method of a micro-painted enamel platinum mosaic ring comprises the following steps:
1. pt950Ir50 platinum alloy was selected as the ring blank material with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 8.9x10 -6 /℃。
2. The ring blank is split into a body and an inlaid opening, the body and the inlaid opening are respectively cast and molded by adopting conventional lost wax, can be assembled by a positioning device, and can be welded together by a laser welding machine.
3. And (3) placing the formed blank in a resistance furnace at 950 ℃ for annealing, and then polishing, degreasing and cleaning.
4. The firing temperature was selected to be 860℃and the coefficient of thermal expansion was 8.6X10 -6 The white opaque enamel at/deg.c fires the primer layer. The gray enamel is adopted for profiling, and the micro-painted pattern glaze layer adopts the thermal expansion coefficient of 8.3 multiplied by 10 -6 Green enamel at temperature of every DEG CMixing the materials, yellow enamel material and red enamel material, and firing at 840 ℃. With a coefficient of thermal expansion of 8.0X10 -6 The colorless transparent enamel glaze firing cover glaze layer at the temperature of 780 ℃.
5. The white opaque enamel material of the ground glaze layer is ground to 120 meshes by adopting a high-energy ball mill, the granularity of the enamel material for outlining the pattern outline is ground to 1300 meshes, the granularity of the glaze material of the micro-painted pattern glaze layer is ground to 1800 meshes, and the grinding tank and the grinding ball are made of agate, so that pollution to the enamel material is avoided. After the enamel material is ground, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water, thoroughly cleaning dust in the enamel material until the cleaning water is clear, soaking the enamel material for 2min with nitric acid to remove impurities in the enamel material, and repeatedly cleaning the enamel material with deionized water. Deionized water is used as a blending medium of enamel materials, the enamel materials are uniformly stirred by a glass rod and placed in a vacuum chamber for vacuumizing, so that bubbles in the enamel materials are basically removed. Bottled with frosted glass and covered with glass cover.
6. Designing a flower enamel pattern, drawing the enamel pattern in a ratio of 1:1 in a hand drawing mode, and planning a color distribution scheme in the pattern.
7. Micro-painting is carried out by means of the eyepiece-free stereoscopic microscope, the magnification is selected to be 40 times, a universal turntable is arranged on a working table surface of the microscope, a ring of the painting enamel is fixed on the universal turntable, cold light sources and transmission optical fibers are respectively arranged on two sides of the turntable, the brightness of the light sources is adjusted through a knob, and the best position and angle are adjusted to irradiate a painting area.
8. The enamel part of the ring blank is firstly coated with base enamel (white opaque enamel material), the enamel is uniformly paved by a No. 1 writing brush, the average thickness of the enamel is controlled to be 0.16mm, and a glazed workpiece is placed into a resistance furnace preheated to 860 ℃ for firing, and the firing time is controlled to be 70 seconds. And after the workpiece is discharged out of the furnace, the workpiece is placed in a small heat preservation box made of heat preservation fibers for cooling. The second glaze layer is then fired in the same manner. Checking firing conditions of the ground glaze, polishing uneven parts by adopting a silicon carbide needle, filling the glaze into the part with the excessively thin glaze layer, and then firing in a furnace. This step can be repeated a number of times until the entire ground coat is smooth and bright, no obvious defects are observed, and the average thickness of the entire glaze layer is 0.4mm.
9. Micro-painted enamel
The ring blank is fixed on a universal turntable, is placed in the visual field range of the eyepiece-free stereoscopic microscope, and is subjected to micro-painting operation in the enlarged visual field according to the fine degree of drawing details, and the magnification is adjusted to 40 times.
Drawing a pattern contour line on a ground coat layer according to a design scheme by adopting a 00# wolf's pen and gray enamel with granularity of 1300 meshes, and firing at 850 ℃ to form the glazed contour line.
A000 # extremely fine mink writing brush is adopted, and green, yellow and red enamel with granularity of 1800 meshes is adopted.
(1) Firstly, green enamel material is adopted to paint pattern on line, a painting pen tip is used for decorating the edge, and the firing is carried out for 70 seconds at 830 ℃, wherein the firing atmosphere is oxygen-enriched air. Checking the condition of the glaze surface under a microscope after firing, removing bubbles and impurity spots by adopting a silicon carbide needle, repairing and painting the glaze, and polishing the place with the overhigh glaze layer; and (5) repairing and painting glaze materials at the place where the glaze layer is too thin, and then putting the workpiece into a furnace for firing.
(2) Cleaning the painting brush in deionized water, sucking the paint with absorbent paper, dipping the yellow enamel material into the paint to paint patterns on the line, decorating the edge with the painting brush tip, and firing at 800 ℃ for 60 seconds under the atmosphere. Checking the condition of the glaze surface under a microscope after firing, removing bubbles and impurity spots by adopting a silicon carbide needle, repairing and painting the glaze, and polishing the place with the overhigh glaze layer; and (5) repairing and painting glaze materials at the place where the glaze layer is too thin, and then putting the workpiece into a furnace for firing.
(3) And cleaning the painting brush in deionized water, sucking the paint with water-absorbing paper, dipping red enamel material into the paint to paint patterns on the line, decorating the edge with the painting brush tip, firing the paint at 780 ℃ for 55 seconds, wherein the firing atmosphere is argon, and controlling the flow of the argon to be 4sccm. Checking the condition of the glaze surface under a microscope after firing, removing bubbles and impurity spots by adopting a silicon carbide needle, repairing and painting the glaze, and polishing the place with the overhigh glaze layer; and (5) repairing and painting glaze materials at the place where the glaze layer is too thin, and then putting the workpiece into a furnace for firing.
10. After all colored glaze painting is fired, a layer of colorless transparent enamel material with granularity of 200 meshes (thermal expansion coefficient is 8.0X10) -6 At c), the firing temperature was controlled at 780 c, the firing time was 50 seconds, and the firing atmosphere was atmospheric.
11. And polishing by adopting a diamond sanding needle to remove splashed glaze drops on the blank. The main stone is inlaid in the inlaid opening, then the inlaid opening is mounted on the inlaid seat of the blank, and the inlaid opening and the inlaid seat are welded together by adopting a laser welding machine.
12. The metal blank was sanded with 320# sandpaper, 600# sandpaper, 1200# sandpaper, and 2000# sandpaper in that order. And (5) brushing the inlaid positions to be bright by adopting a rough brushing, and polishing the blank to a mirror surface by adopting a cloth wheel. And then electroplating the blank to form the decorative protection coating.
Example 2
A manufacturing method of a micro-painted enamel platinum embedded bracelet comprises the following steps:
1. a Pt950Pd50 platinum alloy is selected as a bracelet blank material, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the bracelet blank material is 9.0 multiplied by 10 -6 /℃。
2. The bracelet blank is split into two parts, the two parts are respectively molded by conventional lost wax casting, the joint is connected in a conventional stranding mode, one end of the joint locking part is provided with a pressing spring plate, the spring plate is provided with a clamping groove, the other end of the joint locking part is provided with a buckle box, the upper opening edge of the buckle box is provided with a clamping edge, and the two parts are clamped together to realize a locking function. The width of the metal edge of the auxiliary stone inlaid in the bracelet is set to be 1.8mm.
3. And (3) placing the formed blank in a resistance furnace at 930 ℃ for annealing, and then polishing, degreasing and cleaning.
4. The firing temperature was selected to be 840℃and the coefficient of thermal expansion was 8.5X10 -6 The white opaque enamel at/deg.c fires the primer layer. The gray enamel is adopted for profiling, and the micro-painted pattern glaze layer adopts the thermal expansion coefficient of 8.2 multiplied by 10 -6 Green enamel, yellow enamel and red enamel at a temperature of 830 ℃ are prepared and fired. With a coefficient of thermal expansion of 7.9X10 -6 The colorless transparent enamel glaze firing cover glaze layer at the temperature of 760 ℃.
5. The white opaque enamel material of the ground glaze layer is ground to 120 meshes by adopting a high-energy ball mill, the granularity of the enamel material for outlining the pattern outline is ground to 1500 meshes, the granularity of the glaze material of the micro-painted pattern glaze layer is ground to 2000 meshes, and the grinding tank and the grinding ball are made of agate, so that pollution to the enamel material is avoided. After the enamel material is ground, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water, and thoroughly cleaning dust in the enamel material until the cleaning water is clear. Then soaking for 1min with nitric acid to remove impurities in enamel materials, and repeatedly cleaning with deionized water. Deionized water is used as a blending medium of the glaze, and is uniformly stirred by a glass rod and placed in a vacuum chamber for vacuumizing, so that bubbles in enamel are basically removed. Bottled with frosted glass and covered with glass cover.
6. Designing a geometric figure enamel pattern, drawing the enamel pattern in a ratio of 1:1 by adopting a computer drawing mode, and planning a color distribution scheme in the pattern.
7. Micro-painting is carried out by means of the eyepiece-free stereoscopic microscope, the magnification is selected to be 30 times, a universal turntable is arranged on a working table surface of the microscope, bracelets of the painting enamel are fixed on the universal turntable, cold light sources and transmission optical fibers are respectively arranged on two sides of the turntable, the brightness of the light sources is adjusted through knobs, and the best position and angle are adjusted to irradiate a painting area.
8. Firstly, black opaque enamel is coated on the enamel part of the bracelet blank, and 0# writing brush is adopted for evenly spreading glaze, and the thickness of the glaze is controlled to be 0.15mm. The glazed workpiece is put into a resistance furnace preheated to 840 ℃ for firing, and the firing time is controlled to be 90 seconds. And after the workpiece is discharged out of the furnace, the workpiece is placed in a small heat preservation box made of heat preservation fibers for cooling. The second glaze layer is then fired in the same manner. Checking firing conditions of the ground glaze, polishing uneven parts by adopting a silicon carbide needle, filling the glaze into the part with the excessively thin glaze layer, and then firing in a furnace. This step can be repeated a number of times until the entire ground coat is smooth and bright, no obvious defects are observed, and the average thickness of the entire glaze layer is 0.5mm.
9. The bracelet blank is fixed on a universal turntable, is placed in the visual field range of the eyepiece-free stereoscopic microscope, and is adjusted to be 50 times according to the fineness degree of drawing details, and micro-drawing operation is carried out in the enlarged visual field.
Drawing a pattern contour line on a ground coat layer according to a design scheme by adopting a No. 0 wolf's pen and a light gold enamel with granularity of 1500 meshes, and firing at the temperature of 830 ℃ to form a glazed contour line.
A00 # extremely fine mink writing brush is adopted, and the granularity is 2000 meshes of golden and brown enamel.
(1) Firstly, drawing patterns on the line by adopting brown enamel, decorating edges by using a painting pen tip, and firing at 800 ℃ for 60 seconds, wherein the firing atmosphere is the atmosphere. Checking the condition of the glaze surface under a microscope after firing, removing bubbles and impurity spots by adopting a silicon carbide needle, repairing and painting the glaze, and polishing the place with the overhigh glaze layer; and (5) repairing and painting glaze materials at the place where the glaze layer is too thin, and then putting the workpiece into a furnace for firing.
(2) Cleaning the painting brush in deionized water, sucking the paint with absorbent paper, painting patterns in the line with red and gold enamel, decorating the edge with the painting brush tip, and firing at 780 deg.C for 60 seconds under argon atmosphere. Checking the condition of the glaze surface under a microscope after firing, removing bubbles and impurity spots by adopting a silicon carbide needle, repairing and painting the glaze, and polishing the place with the overhigh glaze layer; and (5) repairing and painting glaze materials at the place where the glaze layer is too thin, and then putting the workpiece into a furnace for firing.
10. After all colored glaze painting is fired, a layer of colorless transparent enamel is covered on the surface of the colored glaze painting. Firing temperature was controlled at 760℃and thermal expansion coefficient was 8.0X10 -6 Per c), firing time was 60 seconds, and the firing atmosphere was atmospheric.
11. And polishing by adopting a diamond sanding needle to remove splashed glaze drops on the blank. Two halves of the bracelet are respectively fixed on the fire-paint ball, and the auxiliary stone is embedded in the two edging holes of the bracelet. And then assembling the stranded rotating shaft into the rotary drum, and fixing the two ends of the stranded rotating shaft by overlaying welding of a laser welding machine.
12. The metal blank was sanded with 400# sandpaper, 800# sandpaper, 1500# sandpaper, and 2000# sandpaper in that order. And (5) brushing the inlaid positions to be bright by adopting a rough brushing, and polishing the blank to a mirror surface by adopting a cloth wheel. And then electroplating the blank to form the decorative protection coating.
Example 3
A manufacturing method of micro-painted enamel platinum inlay pendant comprises the following steps:
1. the Pt950Ru50 platinum alloy is selected as the ring blank material, and the thermal expansion coefficient is 8.9x10 -6 /℃。
2. The pendant blank is split into a body and a melon seed buckle, and the body and the melon seed buckle are respectively molded by conventional lost wax casting. The width of the pendant metal edge is set to be 2mm.
3. And (3) placing the formed body blank in a resistance furnace at 980 ℃ for annealing, and then polishing, degreasing and cleaning.
4. Firing temperature was selected to be 890℃and coefficient of thermal expansion was 8.8X10 -6 The white opaque enamel at/deg.c fires the primer layer. The gray enamel is adopted for profiling, and the micro-painted pattern glaze layer adopts the thermal expansion coefficient of 8.5 multiplied by 10 -6 Blue, white, brown, red, purple enamel with a firing temperature of 850 ℃ is prepared. With a coefficient of thermal expansion of 8.2X10 -6 The colorless transparent enamel glaze firing cover glaze layer at the temperature of 780 ℃.
5. The white opaque enamel material of the ground glaze layer is ground to 150 meshes by adopting a high-energy ball mill, the granularity of the enamel material for outlining the pattern outline is ground to 1000 meshes, the granularity of the glaze material of the micro-painted pattern glaze layer is ground to 1500 meshes, and the grinding tank and the grinding ball are made of agate, so that pollution to the enamel material is avoided. After the enamel material is ground, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water, and thoroughly cleaning dust in the enamel material until the cleaning water is clear. Then soaking in nitric acid for 3min to remove impurities in the glaze, and then repeatedly cleaning by deionized. Deionized water is used as a blending medium of enamel materials, the enamel materials are uniformly stirred by a glass rod and placed in a vacuum chamber for vacuumizing, so that bubbles in the enamel materials are basically removed. Bottled with frosted glass and covered with glass cover.
6. Designing an enamel pattern of the sea wave sailing boat, drawing the enamel pattern in a ratio of 1:1 in a hand-painting mode, and planning a color distribution scheme in the pattern.
7. Micro-painting is carried out by means of the eyepiece-free stereoscopic microscope, the magnification is selected to be 50 times, a universal turntable is arranged on a working table surface of the microscope, a ring of the painting enamel is fixed on the universal turntable, cold light sources and transmission optical fibers are respectively arranged on two sides of the turntable, the brightness of the light sources is adjusted through a knob, and the best position and angle are adjusted to irradiate a painting area.
8. The thickness of the pendant body is 0.45mm, and in order to ensure the stability of the glaze layer, a layer of back glaze is firstly arranged on the back surface of the pendant body. Uniformly spreading glaze by adopting a No. 0 writing brush, and controlling the thickness of the glaze spreading to be 0.23mm. And (3) placing the workpiece paved with the overglaze into a resistance furnace preheated to 890 ℃ for firing, and controlling the firing time to be 50 seconds. And after the workpiece is discharged out of the furnace, the workpiece is placed in a small heat preservation box made of heat preservation fibers for cooling. And then, applying ground coat on the front surface of the pendant body, uniformly spreading glaze by adopting a 0# writing brush, and controlling the thickness of the glaze to be 0.23mm. And (3) placing the workpiece paved with the overglaze into a resistance furnace preheated to 890 ℃ for firing, and controlling the firing time to be 50 seconds. And after the workpiece is discharged out of the furnace, the workpiece is placed in a small heat preservation box made of heat preservation fibers for cooling. The second glaze layer is then fired in the same manner. Checking firing conditions of the ground glaze, polishing uneven parts by adopting a silicon carbide needle, filling the glaze into the part with the excessively thin glaze layer, and then firing in a furnace. This step can be repeated a number of times until the entire ground coat is smooth and bright, no obvious defects are observed, and the average thickness of the entire glaze layer is 0.5mm.
9. Micro-painted enamel
And fixing the pendant body blank on a universal turntable, placing the pendant body blank in the visual field range of the eyepiece-free stereoscopic microscope, adjusting the multiplying power to be 50 times according to the fineness degree of drawing details, and carrying out micro-drawing operation in the enlarged visual field.
Drawing a pattern contour line on a ground coat layer according to a design scheme by adopting a 00# wolf's pen and gray enamel with granularity of 1000 meshes, and firing at 850 ℃ to form the glazed contour line.
(1) A paint brush with a fine mink brush of 000# and a color enamel with a granularity of 1500 meshes is adopted. Preparing required colors by adopting blue and white enamel materials, painting sea and sea waves, and firing at 850 ℃ for 60 seconds, wherein the firing atmosphere is the atmosphere. Checking the condition of the glaze surface under a microscope after firing, removing bubbles and impurity spots by adopting a silicon carbide needle, repairing and painting the glaze, and polishing the place with the overhigh glaze layer; and (5) repairing and painting glaze materials at the place where the glaze layer is too thin, and then putting the workpiece into a furnace for firing.
(2) The painting brush is cleaned in deionized water and then is sucked dry by using a piece of absorbent paper. Blending with brown enamel and white enamel, dipping enamel to paint sailing boat/mast and canvas patterns, decorating edges with painting tips, and firing at 830 ℃ for 70 seconds in the atmosphere. Checking the condition of the glaze surface under a microscope after firing, removing bubbles and impurity spots by adopting a silicon carbide needle, repairing and painting the glaze, and polishing the place with the overhigh glaze layer; and (5) repairing and painting glaze materials at the place where the glaze layer is too thin, and then putting the workpiece into a furnace for firing.
(3) And cleaning the painting brush in deionized water, and sucking the painting brush to be dry by using water absorbing paper. Blending with red and purple enamel, dipping the enamel to paint a flag pattern, decorating the edge with a painting pen tip, firing for 50 seconds at 800 ℃, wherein the firing atmosphere is argon, and controlling the flow of the argon to be 5sccm. Checking the condition of the glaze surface under a microscope after firing, removing bubbles and impurity spots by adopting a silicon carbide needle, repairing and painting the glaze, and polishing the place with the overhigh glaze layer; and (5) repairing and painting glaze materials at the place where the glaze layer is too thin, and then putting the workpiece into a furnace for firing.
10. After all colored glaze painting is fired, a layer of colorless transparent enamel is covered on the surface of the colored glaze painting. The firing temperature was controlled at 780 ℃ (thermal expansion coefficient was 8.0X10) -6 Per c), firing time was 50 seconds, and the firing atmosphere was atmospheric.
11. And polishing by adopting a diamond sanding needle to remove splashed glaze drops on the blank. The body is fixed on a fire paint ball, stone is embedded in a punching mode on the metal edge, then the melon seed buckles pass through hanging holes of the body, and a laser welding machine is used for welding the melon seed buckles.
12. The metal blank was sanded with 320# sandpaper, 600# sandpaper, 1200# sandpaper, and 2000# sandpaper in that order. And (5) brushing the inlaid positions to be bright by adopting a rough brushing, and polishing the blank to a mirror surface by adopting a cloth wheel. And then electroplating the blank to form the decorative protection coating.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting the scope of the present application, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The method for manufacturing the micro-painted enamel jewelry is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Manufacturing a blank through a die according to a preset pattern;
(2) Annealing, polishing, degreasing and cleaning the blank;
(3) Grinding enamel materials to the required granularity respectively, and cleaning with deionized water;
(4) The cleaned green body is coated with enamel materials, burned, polished and repaired to form a ground enamel layer;
(5) The colored enamel material is adopted to outline the outline of the primer layer, and firing is carried out to form a glazed outline;
(6) Drawing a preset colored enamel pattern on the surface of the base glaze through a micro-painting enamel material by a non-eyepiece stereoscopic microscope according to the firing temperature sequence from high to low, and firing successively to form a micro-painting pattern glaze layer;
(7) Firing colorless transparent enamel on the micro-pattern glaze layer to form surface glazing glaze;
(8) And (3) grinding, polishing and electroplating the workpiece to obtain the micro-painted enamel jewelry.
2. The method for making micro-painted enamel jewelry according to claim 1, wherein said blank is a platinum material having a thermal expansion coefficient of 8.9 x 10 -6 /℃～9.0×10 -6 /℃。
3. The method for making micro-painted enamel jewelry according to claim 2, wherein said blank is Pt950 platinum material.
4. The method for making micro-painted enamel jewelry according to claim 1, wherein the annealing temperature is 900-1000 ℃.
5. The method for manufacturing micro-painted enamel jewelry according to claim 1, wherein the eyepiece-less stereoscopic microscope is 6 to 120 times magnified.
6. The method for manufacturing micro-painted enamel jewelry according to claim 1, wherein the enamel material in the step (3) is ground by a high-energy ball mill, and the grinding pot and the grinding ball are made of agate.
7. The method for producing micro-drawn enamel jewelry according to claim 1, wherein the granularity of the plain enamel in the step (4) is 100-150 meshes, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the plain enamel is 8.5 x 10 -6 /℃～8.8×10 -6 Setting the firing temperature at 840-890 deg.c and the firing time at 50-90 s;
the thickness of the ground coat layer is 0.3-0.5 mm.
8. The method for producing micro-drawn enamel jewelry according to claim 1, wherein said colored enamel in said step (5) has a particle size of 1000 to 1500 mesh and a thermal expansion coefficient of 8.2 x 10 -6 /℃～8.5×10 -6 The firing temperature is 830-850 ℃, and the firing time is 40-60 s.
9. The method for producing micro-painted enamel jewelry according to claim 1, wherein the micro-painted enamel in the step (6) has a grain size of 1500 to 2000 mesh and a thermal expansion coefficient of 8.2 x 10 -6 /℃～8.5×10 -6 The firing temperature is 780-850 ℃, the firing is carried out sequentially from the high firing temperature to the bottom in the micro-painting, and the firing time is 50-70 s each time.
10. The method for making micro-painted enamel jewelry according to claim 1, wherein said steps(7) The granularity of the colorless transparent enamel material is 150-200 meshes, and the thermal expansion coefficient is 7.9x10 -6 /℃～8.2×10 -6 The firing temperature is 760-780 ℃ and the firing time is 50-60 s.
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