CN116826816B - Energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering electric energy quality grading management - Google Patents
Energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering electric energy quality grading management Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
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- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/06—Electricity, gas or water supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
- H02J3/0073—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source when the main path fails, e.g. transformers, busbars
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
The energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the power quality grading treatment comprises the following steps of S1, constructing an energy storage active-reactive coordination scheduling model in a multi-user power quality grading treatment mode; step S2, determining a distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy under consideration of electric energy quality grading management, wherein energy storage continuously provides reactive power supplement and harmonic management service for users in the whole operation period; the energy storage and charging are carried out in the valley electricity price period, and emergency power supply and voltage sag management service are not provided in the period; after charging is finished and before a peak electricity price period begins, the energy storage output power provides emergency supply protection and voltage sag management service for users; the energy storage and discharge are carried out in the peak electricity price period, and photovoltaic digestion and peak Gu Jiacha arbitrage are carried out in the period; s3, constructing a distributed energy storage power quality grading management default risk cost estimation model; and S4, constructing a distributed energy storage capacity configuration model aiming at the maximum comprehensive benefit of the energy storage year.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric power energy storage, in particular to an energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering electric energy quality grading management.
Background
The energy storage converter has the four-quadrant high-efficiency operation characteristic of active and reactive bidirectional regulation, has remarkable advantages in the aspects of electric energy quality control and emergency power supply protection, such as harmonic wave control, reactive compensation, voltage sag and the like, and can provide electric energy quality grading control service and emergency power supply protection service for users besides the conventional application scenes, such as photovoltaic absorption, peak Gu Taoli and the like. In the existing engineering, energy storage is often applied to a specific scene, and most of the time, energy storage facilities are in standby state, so that the profit mode is single, the capacity utilization rate is insufficient, and popularization and application of the energy storage in the power system are limited. In practice, the complementarity in time or scene exists between partial services provided by energy storage, and the energy storage utilization efficiency can be improved through an active and reactive coordination multiplexing strategy, so that the method has important significance in expanding the energy storage application scene and meeting the differentiated power quality requirements of different users.
At present, most of researches on active-reactive coordination of energy storage commonly carry out active and reactive control on the energy storage and other equipment, and the energy storage generally only relates to active charge and amplification control, and related researches on the active-reactive coordination multiplexing control of the energy storage to promote the utilization efficiency of the energy storage are lacked. The research on the optimal configuration of the distributed energy storage at the user side is also focused on the aspects of electric quantity transaction such as peak valley arbitrage, demand management and the like, the distributed energy storage capacity configuration considering the electric energy quality grading management is still in technical blank, and the conventional operation of the energy storage is difficult to meet the electric energy quality management demand of the user, so that the default risk exists in the electric energy quality management service provided by the energy storage, and the comprehensive benefit of the energy storage is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the grading treatment of the electric energy quality, which can effectively improve the capacity utilization efficiency of distributed energy storage and increase the comprehensive benefit of the distributed energy storage.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical methods: an energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering electric energy quality grading management, comprising:
step S1, taking into consideration the differentiated requirements of multi-user power quality control service and emergency power-saving service and the four-quadrant operation characteristics of active and reactive bidirectional regulation of an energy storage converter, and constructing an energy storage active-reactive coordination scheduling model in a multi-user power quality grading control mode; the electric energy quality management service comprises reactive compensation, harmonic management and voltage sag management;
step S2, determining a distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy under the consideration of electric energy quality grading management based on an energy storage converter PQ control strategy and considering power balance constraint, energy storage charge-discharge power constraint and charge state constraint, wherein the strategy is as follows:
based on a distributed energy storage active reactive decoupling control method, the distributed energy storage continuously provides reactive power supplement and harmonic wave treatment service for users in the whole operation period; the distributed energy storage is charged in the electricity price period at the valley time, and emergency power supply and voltage sag management service are not provided in the period; outputting active power to provide emergency power supply and voltage sag management service for users after the distributed energy storage is charged and before the peak electricity price period begins; discharging the distributed energy storage in the peak electricity price period, and performing photovoltaic digestion and peak Gu Jiacha arbitrage in the period;
Step S3, considering uncertainty of distributed photovoltaic and user load, considering economic loss of users caused by failure of power quality grading treatment, and constructing a distributed energy storage power quality grading treatment default risk cost estimation model;
and S4, based on energy storage operation constraint, photovoltaic absorption constraint and electric energy quality treatment constraint, considering electric energy quality grading treatment benefit and default risk cost, and constructing a distributed energy storage capacity configuration model aiming at the maximum comprehensive benefit of energy storage year.
Further, the power factor, the total harmonic distortion rate of the current and the annual voltage sag frequency are selected as indexes for classifying the electric energy quality grades from low to high, and the electric energy quality grades are classified into 1-7 grades.
Further, in step S2, the distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy further includes prioritizing the electric energy quality management service and the emergency power protection service according to the emergency of the event, where the prioritizing of each service is: emergency power supply & protection & voltage sag & reactive compensation & harmonic governance.
Still further, in step S1, an energy storage active-reactive coordination scheduling model in a multi-user power quality hierarchical treatment mode is constructed as follows:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
In the method, in the process of the invention,、/>、/>respectively->Active power and reactive power output by the moment energy storage converterPower, distortion power; />Is->Active power input by the energy storage converter at any moment; />A variable of 0 or 1, wherein when the value is 1, the variable indicates that the energy storage provides emergency protection service, and when the value is 0, the variable indicates that the energy storage does not provide emergency protection service; />、/>Respectively->Photovoltaic power absorption discharge power and peak valley bristled discharge power at moment; />The number of users; />For user->At->The voltage sag required at the moment governs the power; />Is->Emergency power-saving power output by energy storage at any time; />、/>Respectively->Photovoltaic power consumption charging power and peak valley arbitrage charging power at moment; />For user->At->Reactive power to be compensated at any moment; />For user->At->Active power at time; />Is->Time of day flows through user->Is lagging behind the phase angle of the voltage; />To achieve the user selected +.>Flow through user when grading power quality>Is lagging behind the phase angle of the voltage; />For user->At->Harmonic distortion power required at moment; />Is the effective value of the node voltage; />Is->Time user->Harmonic current content of (2); />To achieve the user selected +.>User's->Harmonic current content of (2); / >Is the fundamental current effective value; />Is->Time user->Current total harmonic distortion rate of (2); />To achieve the user selected +.>User's->Is used for the total current harmonic distortion rate.
Still further, in step S2, the distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy further includes the following constraint conditions:
1) Power balance constraint
The sum of the input active power and the output active power in one day is equal to the sum of the output active power, and the formula is as follows:
(5)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the number of time periods of daily operation for storing energy;
2) Charge-discharge power constraint
The active and reactive output power of the stored energy is limited by the capacity of the energy storage converter, and the stored energy only has one charge and discharge state at the same time, and the following formula is shown:
(6)
in the method, in the process of the invention,rated apparent power of the energy storage converter; />0 or 1 variable representing the state of charge of the stored energy, < >>Is 1 represents that the energy storage is in a charged state +.>A value of 0 represents that the stored energy is not in a charged state; />0 or 1 variable representing the state of discharge of the energy storage, < >>Is 1 represents that the energy storage is in a discharge state, +.>A value of 0 represents that the stored energy is not in a discharge state; />、Respectively representing the maximum value of the stored energy charging and discharging power;
3) Energy storage state of charge constraints
The SOC state of the stored energy is changed in a certain interval, and the SOC state at the starting time and the SOC state at the ending time in a scheduling period of one day are the same as the following formula:
(7)
In the method, in the process of the invention,、/>respectively a maximum constraint value and a minimum constraint value of the SOC of the energy storage battery; />To store energy in->The state of SOC at the moment; />Is the rated capacity of the energy storage battery; />、/>Respectively representing the charge and discharge efficiency of the stored energy; />To calculate the length of time.
Further, in step S3, the distributed energy storage power quality classification governance breach risk cost estimation model is as follows:
(8)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the energy storage annual default risk cost; />To store energy in%>The cost of risk of breach at a rated power quality; />Cost of risk of violating>Is a mathematical expectation of (a); />The power quality management service provided for energy storage does not reach the user ∈ ->Selected->The unit electricity consumption of the payment required in the grading is illegal; />User->At->The annual electricity consumption of the grade;providing the energy storage with->The user actually locates the power quality class after the class power quality management service,；/>providing the energy storage with->After the grade electric energy quality management service, the electric energy quality grade of the user is actually +.>Equal to->Probability of (2); />Is the number of power quality classes.
Further, the unit electricity consumption is against the depositThe calculation is carried out by adopting the following method:
firstly, constructing a CVaR model of the economic loss of the electric energy quality of a user, which is as follows:
(9)
(10)
(11)
in the method, in the process of the invention, For the actual power quality level->Lower user economic loss; />Providing the energy storage with->In the case of a hierarchical power quality management service, at the confidence level +.>Lower user->Maximum possible loss of unit electricity, the physical meaning of which means that energy storage is provided +.>When the electric energy quality management service is classified, the confidence level is +.>Ensuring user +.>The economic loss of unit electricity is not more than->；/>For user->Energy storage at->The average value of the conditions that the economic loss exceeds the maximum possible loss after the grade electric energy quality management service, the physical meaning of the average value indicates that the energy storage is provided +>When the electric energy quality management service is graded, the actual grade is lower than +.>Risk expectation of economic losses of the user in the case, i.e. confidence +.>Even if the economic loss of electricity consumption of the user unit exceeds +.>Its extreme potential average economic loss will not exceed +.>；/>For the confidence level, a lower confidence level indicates that the economic loss of unit electricity exceeds +.>The higher the probability of occurrence of extreme events of +.>Taking 95% -99%;mathematical expectations for variables in brackets, i.e., arithmetic mean; />Is an economic loss threshold; />User->Power consumption channel for unitLoss of economy is not more than->Risk distribution function of (2);
solving the minimum value of equation (9) again to obtain And->；
Finally, calculating the unit electricity consumption default gold by using the following formula (12)；
(12)
Still further, in step S4, the objective function of the constructed distributed energy storage capacity configuration model is:
(13)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the energy storage annual comprehensive benefit is realized; />The method is a year peak Gu Taoli benefit of energy storage; />Photovoltaic absorption benefits for energy storage years; />The method is beneficial to the energy quality control of the energy storage year; />The operation cost is built for the energy storage year; />And the energy storage annual offending risk cost is reduced.
Still further:
1) Peak energy storage Gu Taoli benefitThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(14)
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->Tian->A moment energy storage peak Gu Taoli discharge power; />Is->Tian->A moment energy storage peak Gu Taoli charging power; />The time-sharing electricity price is; />The operation days are the energy storage year;
2) Annual photovoltaic energy storage benefitThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(15)
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->Tian->The energy storage photovoltaic dissipates discharge power at any time; />Is->Tian->The charging power is consumed by the energy storage photovoltaic at any time; />The photovoltaic internet electricity price is obtained;
3) Energy quality control income for energy storage yearThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(16)
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->The treatment electricity price of the grade electric energy quality; />Is->Tian->Time selection +.>A consumer active load of rated power quality; />Is->Tian->Time selection +. >The total power consumption of the users with the grade of power quality is as follows:
(17)
in the method, in the process of the invention,for user->First->Tian->Time selection +.>The power consumption of the grade electric energy quality; />For user->First->Tian->Time selection +.>An active load of rated power quality;
4) Energy storage annual construction operation costThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
annual construction operation cost of energy storageIncluding the cost of battery life degradation caused by active charge and discharge +.>Converter life loss cost caused by reactive charge and discharge>And operation maintenance cost->The following formula:
(18)
considering the influence of the distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy determined in the step S2 on the total life cycle of the energy storage, the frequent or deep charge-discharge behavior can lead to the service life degradation of the battery, so that the service life degradation cost of the battery of the energy storage active charge-discharge power is consideredThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(19)
in the method, in the process of the invention,annual battery life degradation costs for energy storage; />A price per unit capacity for the cost of the energy storage battery body; />Energy throughput at rated life; />The round trip efficiency of the energy storage battery;
in addition, considering the influence of the distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy determined in the step S2 on the total life cycle of the energy storage, the service life of the energy storage converter is also influenced by the participation of the energy storage converter in reactive compensation and harmonic governance service, and the loss cost of the energy storage converter is related to the output distortion power and the magnitude of reactive power, so that the life loss cost of the energy storage converter Can be expressed as:
(20)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the service life loss cost of the annual converter is the cost; />PCS unit power price of the energy storage converter; />、Characteristic coefficients for the life loss cost of the converter; />、/>、/>The rated life, rated capacity and equipment acquisition cost of the converter are respectively; />To store energy in%>Tian->Harmonic distortion power provided at a moment; />To store energy in%>Tian->Reactive power supplied at a moment;
in addition, operation and maintenance costsThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(21)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the operation maintenance cost is the unit power; />Is the rated power of the energy storage battery.
Preferably, in step S4, the energy storage operation constraint and the electric energy quality management constraint are defined by formulas (6) - (7), and the photovoltaic consumption constraint is as follows:
(22)
in the method, in the process of the invention,in order to generate photovoltaic power>Tian->The amount of light discarded at the moment; />In order to generate photovoltaic power>Tiantian (Chinese character of 'Tian')Maximum amount of light discarded allowed at the moment; />For user->First->Tian->Photovoltaic power generation amount at moment; />For user->First->Tian->Active load at time.
The energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the grading management of the electric energy quality, provided by the invention, considers the complementarity in the existing time or scene between partial services provided by the energy storage, and provides an active-reactive coordination multiplexing strategy, so that the energy storage can realize the conventional peak-valley arbitrage and new energy consumption, and can provide voltage sag management, harmonic management, reactive compensation and emergency power supply protection services for users so as to fully utilize the energy storage capacity. In summary, the energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the grading treatment of the electric energy quality provided by the invention can not only effectively improve the capacity utilization efficiency of the distributed energy storage, but also increase the comprehensive benefit of the distributed energy storage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy under a time-of-use electricity price;
FIG. 2 is a graph of a typical photovoltaic power dump situation and the load situation of different users in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of output conditions of active power, reactive power and distortion power of the energy storage converter and an energy storage SOC (state of charge) under an energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy considering power quality classification management in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples and drawings, to which reference is made, but which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
An energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering electric energy quality grading management, comprising:
step S1, an energy storage active-reactive coordination scheduling model under a multi-user power quality grading management mode is built.
The energy storage converter has four-quadrant output characteristics, and the energy storage is utilized to perform reactive compensation on a user, so that the power factor of the user can be improved; the energy storage converter and the active filter have structural similarity, and can provide harmonic wave treatment service for users; the response speed of the energy storage millisecond level can also quickly provide active support for sensitive users when voltage sag occurs. When the power grid has emergency power failure, the user side energy storage can participate in auxiliary service of emergency power supply, and can be used as a standby power supply to continuously supply power when a power system fails, so that benefit loss caused by power failure of a user is reduced. Therefore, the invention considers that the energy storage provides the power quality management services such as reactive compensation, harmonic management, voltage sag management and the like and emergency power supply service for the user while carrying out conventional peak valley arbitrage and photovoltaic absorption, and classifies the power quality management services according to the differentiated requirements of different users, and the power output by the energy storage is different for different power quality grades, and the power provided by the energy storage for the same user is larger after the power quality grade with high energy quality grade is selected.
In consideration of the requirements of users on the aspects of power quality such as reactive power compensation, harmonic treatment, voltage sag and the like, the invention respectively selects the power factor index, the current total harmonic distortion index and the annual voltage sag frequency index as the basis of each grade division. When the number of the electric energy quality grades is too large, the difference among the grades is too small, the practicability is lacking, and when the electric energy quality grades are too small, the differentiated requirements of users cannot be met, so the electric energy quality grades are classified into 1-7 grades from low to high according to the invention, as shown in the following table 1 (note: because emergency power protection is usually a temporary electric power supply requirement, the emergency power protection can be used as a service provided by energy storage, and the index is not considered when the electric energy quality is classified).
In a utility grid, the waveform distortion of the voltage is usually small, the harmonic distortion of the current is large, so the voltage is regarded as an ideal waveform in practical application, only the current distortion is considered, and the following power relation is given in the case of non-sine:
(24)
(25)
(26)
in the method, in the process of the invention,is apparent power; />Is the fundamental active power; />Reactive power generated for the fundamental current; />Reactive power generated for harmonic currents; />Is the effective value of the node voltage; />Is the fundamental current effective value; / >Is the phase angle of the fundamental current lagging the voltage.
The energy storage active-reactive coordination scheduling model considering the electric energy quality grading management is as follows:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
in the method, in the process of the invention,、/>、/>respectively->Active power, reactive power and distortion power output by the energy storage converter at any moment; />Is->Active power input by the energy storage converter at any moment; />A variable of 0 or 1, wherein when the value is 1, the variable indicates that the energy storage provides emergency protection service, and when the value is 0, the variable indicates that the energy storage does not provide emergency protection service; />、/>Respectively->Photovoltaic power absorption discharge power and peak valley bristled discharge power at moment; />The number of users; />For user->At->The voltage sag required at the moment governs the power; />Is->Emergency power-saving power output by energy storage at any time; />、/>Respectively->Photovoltaic power consumption charging power and peak valley arbitrage charging power at moment; />For user->At->Reactive power to be compensated at any moment; />For user->At->Active power at time; />Is->Time of day flows through user->Is lagging behind the phase angle of the voltage; />To achieve the user selected +.>Flow through user when grading power quality>Is lagging behind the phase angle of the voltage; />For user->At->Harmonic distortion power required at moment; />Is the effective value of the node voltage; / >Is->Time user->Harmonic current content of (2); />To achieve the user selected +.>User's->Harmonic current content of (2); />Is the fundamental current effective value; />Is->Time user->Current total harmonic distortion rate of (2); />To achieve the user selected +.>User's->Is used for the total current harmonic distortion rate.
And S2, determining a distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy under consideration of the electric energy quality grading management.
The energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy takes time-of-use electricity price division into consideration, based on four-quadrant operation characteristics of the energy storage converter, a double-loop decoupling control strategy of a power outer loop and a current inner loop is adopted in a PQ control mode to obtain a three-phase pulse width modulation signal of the energy storage converter, active power and reactive power of the energy storage converter are controlled to be output according to a given value, and the energy storage peak Gu Taoli, photovoltaic absorption and other conventional applications are realized, and meanwhile, the energy quality grading management, emergency power supply and other services are provided for users through a resource time multiplexing strategy.
The resource time multiplexing strategy provided by the invention is as follows: based on the energy storage active reactive decoupling control method, in the aspect of reactive input and output, energy storage can provide reactive compensation and harmonic wave treatment service for users in the whole operation period; in the aspect of active input and output, when the energy storage is in a charging period, the energy storage can not provide emergency protection and voltage sag management services, after the charging is finished and before a peak electricity price period, the energy storage can output active power to provide emergency protection and voltage sag management services for users, and in the peak electricity price period, the energy storage discharge performs photovoltaic absorption and peak Gu Jiacha arbitrage. The energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy under the time-sharing electricity price is shown in fig. 1, a represents "active: emergency power supply; b represents "active: voltage sag management "; c represents "reactive: reactive compensation and harmonic suppression "; d represents "active: peak Gu Taoli (discharge) "; e represents "active: peak Gu Taoli (charge), photovoltaic digestion (charge) "; f represents "active: peak Gu Taoli (discharge), photovoltaic digestion (discharge) "; g represents "active: peak Gu Taoli (charge) ". In fig. 1, the numbers 1, 2, and 3 represent the priorities of the services according to the priorities among the various services of the emergency of the event, the smaller the number is, the higher the priority is, wherein 1 represents the highest priority, and the front and rear of the pause number represent that the priorities of the services are in parallel relation.
The distributed energy storage has three working modes, namely a grid-connected mode, a voltage supporting mode and a flexible exit mode under different electric energy quality grades. When the power grid voltage normally operates, the energy storage works in a grid-connected mode, the load is powered by the power grid, the energy storage is equivalent to the load relative to the power system, the energy storage can be applied conventionally except peak valley arbitrage, photovoltaic absorption and the like, the residual capacity of the energy storage converter can be utilized through a PQ control strategy, and electric energy quality management services such as reactive compensation service, harmonic management service and the like are provided for users. When voltage sag or mains supply fault occurs, the energy storage is switched into a voltage supporting mode, the energy storage replaces a power grid to supply power for sensitive equipment, and when the voltage sag is over or the state of charge of the energy storage reaches a lower limit, the energy storage is switched into a flexible exiting mode.
The residual capacity of the energy storage converter is utilized to carry out electric energy quality control, so that the electric energy quality level of the system can be improved, the utilization efficiency of equipment is improved, and the electric energy quality control cost of a user is reduced. The realization of each energy storage function is limited by the capacity of the energy storage converter, so that the distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy under different electric energy quality grades needs to consider the following constraint:
1) Power balance constraint
The sum of the input active power and the output active power in the energy storage day is equal.
(5)
In the method, in the process of the invention,the number of time periods of daily operation for storing energy;
2) Charge-discharge power constraint
The active and reactive output power of the stored energy is limited by the capacity of the energy storage converter, and the stored energy only has one charge and discharge state at the same time.
(6)
In the method, in the process of the invention,rated apparent power of the energy storage converter; />0 or 1 variable representing the state of charge of the stored energy, < >>Is 1 represents that the energy storage is in a charged state +.>A value of 0 represents that the stored energy is not in a charged state; />0 or 1 variable representing the state of discharge of the energy storage, < >>Is 1 represents that the energy storage is in a discharge state, +.>A value of 0 represents that the stored energy is not in a discharge state; />、Respectively representing the maximum value of the stored energy charging and discharging power;
3) Energy storage state of charge constraints
In order to ensure the service life and good running state of the stored energy, the SOC state of the stored energy needs to be limited to change in a certain interval, and the SOC state at the starting moment and the SOC state at the ending moment are the same in a scheduling period of one day.
(7)
In the method, in the process of the invention,、/>respectively a maximum constraint value and a minimum constraint value of the SOC of the energy storage battery; />To store energy in->The state of SOC at the moment; />Is the rated capacity of the energy storage battery; / >、/>Respectively representing the charge and discharge efficiency of the stored energy; />To calculate the length of time.
And S3, establishing a distributed energy storage power quality grading management default risk cost estimation model.
After the user purchases the electric energy quality grading management service, the probability of occurrence of low electric energy quality is only reduced, and the electric energy quality risk cannot be completely eliminated. The conditional risk value (conditional value at risk, english for short CVaR) refers to average potential loss possibly suffered when the maximum predicted loss exceeds a risk value (VaR) extremum under a certain confidence, and is a risk metering method capable of effectively evaluating the excess loss degree.
The economic loss of a user is related to the power quality level, the userEconomic loss function of unit electricity consumption and electric energy qualityCan be analogized to the loss function in the CVaR model +.>Electric energy quality class- >Equivalent to random variables, the uncertainty of distributed photovoltaics and loads can deviate the power quality level actually provided by the energy storage from the power quality level selected by the user, so the CVaR model of the economic loss of the power quality of the user can be expressed as:
(9)
(10)
(11)
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the actual power quality level->Lower user economic loss; />Providing the energy storage with->In the case of a hierarchical power quality management service, at the confidence level +.>Lower user->Maximum possible loss of unit electricity, the physical meaning of which means that energy storage is provided +.>When the electric energy quality management service is classified, the confidence level is +.>Ensuring user +.>The economic loss of unit electricity is not more than->；/>For user->Energy storage at->The average value of the conditions that the economic loss exceeds the maximum possible loss after the grade electric energy quality management service, the physical meaning of the average value indicates that the energy storage is provided +>When the electric energy quality management service is graded, the actual grade is lower than +.>Risk expectation of economic losses of the user in the case, i.e. confidence +.>Even if the economic loss of electricity consumption of the user unit exceeds +.>Its extreme potential average economic loss will not exceed +.>；/>For the confidence level, a lower confidence level indicates that the economic loss of unit electricity exceeds +.>The higher the probability of occurrence of extreme events of +. >Taking 95% -99%;mathematical expectations for variables in brackets, i.e., arithmetic mean; />Is an economic loss threshold; />User' s/>The economic loss of unit electricity is not more than->Risk distribution function of (a).
Obtaining the minimum value of the solution formula (9)And->The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then the unit electricity consumption default gold can be calculated by using the following formula (12)>。
(12)
The distributed energy storage power quality graded governance breach risk cost estimation model can be expressed as:
(8)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the energy storage annual default risk cost; />To store energy in%>The cost of risk of breach at a rated power quality; />Cost of risk of violating>Is a mathematical expectation of (a); />The power quality management service provided for energy storage does not reach the user ∈ ->Selected->The unit electricity consumption of the payment required in the grading is illegal; />User->At->The annual electricity consumption of the grade;providing the energy storage with->The user actually locates the power quality class after the class power quality management service,；/>providing the energy storage with->After the grade electric energy quality management service, the electric energy quality grade of the user is actually +.>Equal to->Probability of (2); />Is the number of power quality classes.
And S4, constructing a distributed energy storage capacity configuration model considering the power quality grading treatment benefit and the default risk cost.
Considering the load characteristics of different types of loads and the influence of an energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy on the total life cycle of energy storage, considering the grading treatment benefit of the electric energy quality and the cost of the risk of default based on the energy storage operation constraint, the photovoltaic absorption constraint, the electric energy quality treatment constraint and the like, and establishing a distributed energy storage capacity configuration model with the maximum comprehensive benefit of energy storage year as the aim.
1. The objective function of the distributed energy storage capacity configuration model is:
(13)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the method is a year peak Gu Taoli benefit of energy storage; />Photovoltaic absorption benefits for energy storage years; />The method is beneficial to the energy quality control of the energy storage year; />The operation cost is built for the energy storage year; />The energy storage annual default risk cost; />Is a comprehensive benefit of energy storage.
1) Peak Gu Taoli benefit
Utilizing peak Gu Jiacha arbitrage is currently the most dominant way of earning energy in a distributed energy storage at the user side. The energy storage peak Gu Taoli is charged at night in the electricity price low valley period, and is discharged in the daytime when electricity is used in the peak, so that the surplus of the price difference of the peak and the valley is realized, or the electricity cost is saved.
(14)
In the method, in the process of the invention,is->Tian->A moment energy storage peak Gu Taoli discharge power; />Is->Tian->A moment energy storage peak Gu Taoli charging power; />The time-sharing electricity price is; />The operation days are the energy storage year;
2) Photovoltaic digestion benefits
Because the photovoltaic output has the characteristics of volatility and intermittence, and the photovoltaic output and the system load show the anti-peak regulation characteristic, the net load of the system can rapidly fluctuate in a short time, and meanwhile, the photovoltaic absorption capacity of the power distribution network is limited by the transmission capacity, so that the phenomenon of power dumping occurs in local areas. The distributed energy storage can separate power generation and power utilization in time and space, redundant electric quantity is stored when the photovoltaic power generation exceeds the load requirement, and the stored electric energy is discharged when the photovoltaic power generation is insufficient, so that the absorption capacity of the photovoltaic is improved. The user side distributed photovoltaic power dumping generally occurs in a period of sufficient sunshine in the afternoon, and the energy storage system absorbs the dumped power at the moment by using the photovoltaic internet electricity price and sells out corresponding benefits by using the peak time electricity price.
(15)
In the method, in the process of the invention,is->Tian->The energy storage photovoltaic dissipates discharge power at any time; />Is->Tian->The charging power is consumed by the energy storage photovoltaic at any time; />The photovoltaic power grid is the photovoltaic internet electricity price. />
3) Electric energy quality control income
The benefits of energy storage to provide power quality management are mainly derived from power quality management service fees. The electric energy quality management service fee is obtained by managing additional electricity price through unit electric energy collection. In order to embody the principle of high quality and high price of the electric energy quality, the electric energy quality control service is divided into different grades, each grade corresponds to one electric energy quality control electricity price, and the higher the grade is, the additional electricity price is controlled by the electric energy quality, so the annual electric energy quality control income of energy storage can be expressed as:
(16)
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->The treatment electricity prices of the grade electric energy quality are referred to in a table 1; />Is->Tian->Time selection +.>The total electricity consumption of the users with the grade of electric energy quality; />Is->Tian->Time selection +.>Consumer active load of rated power quality.
(17)
In the method, in the process of the invention,for user->First->Tian->Time selection +.>The power consumption of the grade electric energy quality; />For user->First->Tian->Time selection +.>Active load of rated power quality.
4) Energy storage annual construction operation cost
Annual construction operation cost of energy storageIncluding the cost of battery life degradation caused by active charge and discharge +.>Converter life loss cost caused by reactive charge and discharge>And operation maintenance cost->The following formula:
(18)
considering the influence of the distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy determined in the step S2 on the total life cycle of the energy storage, the frequent or deep charge-discharge behavior can lead to the service life degradation of the battery, so that the service life degradation cost of the battery of the energy storage active charge-discharge power is consideredThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(19)
in the method, in the process of the invention,annual battery life degradation costs for energy storage; />A price per unit capacity for the cost of the energy storage battery body; />Energy throughput at rated life; />The round trip efficiency of the energy storage battery;
in addition, considering the influence of the distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy determined in the step S2 on the total life cycle of the energy storage, the service life of the energy storage converter is also influenced by the participation of the energy storage converter in reactive compensation and harmonic governance service, and the loss cost of the energy storage converter is related to the output distortion power and the magnitude of reactive power, so that the life loss cost of the energy storage converterCan be expressed as:
(20)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the service life loss cost of the annual converter is the cost; />PCS unit power price of the energy storage converter; / >、/>Characteristic coefficients for the life loss cost of the converter; />、/>、/>The rated life, rated capacity and equipment acquisition cost of the converter are respectively; />To store energy in%>Tian->Harmonic distortion power provided at a moment; />To store energy in%>Tian->Reactive power supplied at a moment;
in addition, operation and maintenance costsThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(21)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the operation maintenance cost is the unit power; />Is the rated power of the energy storage battery.
2. Constraint condition of distributed energy storage capacity configuration model
The constraint conditions of the distributed energy storage capacity configuration model comprise energy storage operation constraint, photovoltaic absorption constraint and electric energy quality management constraint. Energy storage operation constraint and electric energy quality management constraint refer to formulas (6) - (7), and photovoltaic digestion constraint is expressed as follows:
(22)
in the method, in the process of the invention,in order to generate photovoltaic power>Tian->The amount of light discarded at the moment; />In order to generate photovoltaic power>Tiantian (Chinese character of 'Tian')Maximum amount of light discarded allowed at the moment; />For user->First->Tian->Photovoltaic power generation amount at moment; />For user->First->Tian->Active load at time.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing a typical photovoltaic power dumping situation and a load situation of each user, wherein the users select different power quality grades, and fig. 3 is an active power, reactive power, distortion power output situation and energy storage SOC state diagram of an energy storage converter under an energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy considering power quality grading management, and rated apparent power of the converter is 200kVA.
As can be seen from analysis of fig. 1, 2 and 3, the peak load period and the peak electricity price period of the time-of-use electricity price are almost identical, and two peak periods exist, so that the energy storage is carried out twice a day for charge and discharge cycles. The energy storage active output is mostly in peak electricity price period, the influence of distributed energy storage electric energy quality grading management illegal risk cost on comprehensive benefits is considered, the energy storage converter active output power is smaller than the rated output power of the converter, the peak Gu Taoli and photovoltaic absorption benefits are limited to a certain extent, but the energy storage can provide electric energy quality management service for users in the whole dispatching period, and a certain electric energy quality grading management benefit can be obtained.
The distributed energy storage capacity configuration model considering the power quality management default risk has a plurality of nonlinear terms, nonlinear square constraint in a formula (6), bivariate division in a formula (7), bivariate multiplication in a formula (19), nonlinear terms such as exponential terms in a formula (22) and the like are subjected to linearization processing through piecewise linear approximation, a Big M Method (Big M Method) is a common technology in linear programming and is used for converting a problem into a standard form and solving the problem, approximation and optimization are carried out on a nonlinear function, linearization processing is carried out on a max term in a formula (25), finally, the model is converted into a linear programming model which is easy to solve, and a Yalm ip/Gurobi solver is called in a Matlab environment to solve a final configuration result.
In the scheme 1 in the table 2, the energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the energy quality grading treatment is adopted, the scheme 2 considers the energy quality grading treatment benefit caused by the energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing, but does not consider the default risk cost, and the scheme 3 does not consider the energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing, but only considers the benefit of energy storage in the conventional scene (namely the annual peak Gu Taoli benefit+annual photovoltaic absorption benefit).
In table 2, 218kW, 203kW, 178kW are the rated powers of the energy storage batteries in the schemes 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and 436kWh, 406kWh, and 356kWh are the rated capacities of the energy storage batteries in the schemes 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
The result shows that the energy storage capacity of the scheme 2 is larger than that of the scheme 3, and the reason is that after the active and reactive multiplexing of the energy storage is considered, the active output of the energy storage in a conventional scene is ensured, the reactive output of the energy storage for providing the electric energy quality control service is ensured, and therefore, the configuration capacity of the energy storage needs to be increased. The annual regular scenario benefit of scheme 3 is greater than that of scheme 2 because the active output capability of the stored energy is limited after the stored energy provides the user with the power quality classification management service, and thus the benefit in the regular application scenario is reduced. However, after annual electric energy quality treatment benefits are considered, the comprehensive benefits of energy storage configured by the scheme 2 are better, and the comprehensive benefits of the energy storage for providing electric energy quality grading treatment service for users by considering the active and reactive coordination multiplexing strategy can be increased. The energy storage configuration capacity of the scheme 1 is larger than that of the scheme 2, and the reason is that the energy storage reduces the cost of the power quality control violating risk in a capacity increasing mode, and the enthusiasm of a user for purchasing the power quality control service after the power quality violating risk is considered can be improved, the energy storage annual power quality control income is increased, and the conventional scene income is improved while the capacity is increased, so that the comprehensive benefit of the energy storage is better.
From the analysis, the annual total benefit (namely, annual conventional scene benefit and annual power quality control benefit) of energy storage can be increased by considering the coordinated multiplexing of active and reactive power, and after the cost of the offending risk is considered, the annual total cost (namely, annual construction operation cost and annual offending risk cost) is increased, but the annual power quality control benefit is increased more, and the comprehensive benefit of energy storage is better. Therefore, the energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the grading management of the electric energy quality can effectively improve the utilization efficiency and the overall benefit of energy storage.
The foregoing embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and in addition, the present application may be implemented in other ways, and any obvious substitution is within the scope of the present application without departing from the concept of the present application.
In order to facilitate understanding of the improvements of the present application over the prior art, some of the figures and descriptions of the present application have been simplified and some other elements have been omitted for clarity, as will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the grading management of the electric energy quality is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, taking into consideration the differentiated requirements of multi-user power quality control service and emergency power-saving service and the four-quadrant operation characteristics of active and reactive bidirectional regulation of an energy storage converter, and constructing an energy storage active-reactive coordination scheduling model in a multi-user power quality grading control mode; the electric energy quality management service comprises reactive compensation, harmonic management and voltage sag management;
the energy storage active-reactive coordination scheduling model in the multi-user power quality grading management mode is as follows:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
in the method, in the process of the invention,、/>、/>respectively->Active power, reactive power and distortion power output by the energy storage converter at any moment; />Is->Active power input by the energy storage converter at any moment; />A variable of 0 or 1, wherein when the value is 1, the variable indicates that the energy storage provides emergency protection service, and when the value is 0, the variable indicates that the energy storage does not provide emergency protection service; />、/>Respectively->Photovoltaic power absorption discharge power and peak valley bristled discharge power at moment; />The number of users; />For user->At->The voltage sag required at the moment governs the power; />Is->Emergency power-saving power output by energy storage at any time; />、/>Respectively->Photovoltaic power consumption at moment And peak valley fill charge power; />For user->At->Reactive power to be compensated at any moment; />For user->At->Active power at time; />Is->Time of day flows through user->Is lagging behind the phase angle of the voltage; />To achieve the user selected +.>Flow through user when grading power quality>Is lagging behind the phase angle of the voltage; />For user->At->Harmonic distortion power required at moment; />Is the effective value of the node voltage; />Is->Time user->Harmonic current content of (2);to achieve the user selected +.>User's->Harmonic current content of (2); />Is the fundamental current effective value;is->Time user->Current total harmonic distortion rate of (2); />To achieve the user selected +.>User's->Current total harmonic distortion rate of (2);
step S2, determining a distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy under consideration of electric energy quality grading management based on an energy storage converter PQ control strategy and considering power balance constraint, energy storage charge-discharge power constraint and charge state constraint, wherein the distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy is as follows:
based on a distributed energy storage active reactive decoupling control method, the distributed energy storage continuously provides reactive power supplement and harmonic wave treatment service for users in the whole operation period; the distributed energy storage is charged in the electricity price period at the valley time, and emergency power supply and voltage sag management service are not provided in the period; outputting active power to provide emergency power supply and voltage sag management service for users after the distributed energy storage is charged and before the peak electricity price period begins; discharging the distributed energy storage in the peak electricity price period, and performing photovoltaic digestion and peak Gu Jiacha arbitrage in the period;
Step S3, considering uncertainty of distributed photovoltaic and user load, considering economic loss of users caused by failure of power quality grading treatment, and constructing a distributed energy storage power quality grading treatment default risk cost estimation model;
the distributed energy storage power quality grading management default risk cost estimation model is as follows:
(8)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the energy storage annual default risk cost; />To store energy in%>The cost of risk of breach at a rated power quality;cost of risk of violating>Is a mathematical expectation of (a); />The electric energy quality management service for energy storage is not achieved to the usersSelected->The unit electricity consumption of the payment required in the grading is illegal; />User->At->The annual electricity consumption of the grade; />Providing the energy storage with->The power quality class of the user actually after the class power quality management service, +.>；/>Providing the energy storage with->After the grade electric energy quality management service, the electric energy quality grade of the user is actually +.>Equal to->Probability of (2); />The number of the electric energy quality grades;
and S4, based on energy storage operation constraint, photovoltaic absorption constraint and electric energy quality treatment constraint, considering electric energy quality grading treatment benefit and default risk cost, and constructing a distributed energy storage capacity configuration model aiming at the maximum comprehensive benefit of energy storage year.
2. The energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the hierarchical management of the electric energy quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power factor, the total harmonic distortion rate of the current and the annual voltage sag frequency are selected as indexes for classifying the electric energy quality grades, and the electric energy quality grades are classified into 1-7 grades from low to high.
3. The energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the hierarchical management of the electric energy quality according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step S2, the distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy further includes prioritizing the electric energy quality management service and the emergency power protection service according to the urgency of the event, where the prioritizing of each service is: emergency power supply & protection & voltage sag & reactive compensation & harmonic governance.
4. The energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the hierarchical management of the electric energy quality according to claim 3, wherein the method is characterized in that: in step S2, the distributed energy storage active-reactive coordination charge-discharge multiplexing strategy further includes the following constraint conditions:
1) Power balance constraint
The sum of the input active power and the output active power in one day is equal to the sum of the output active power, and the formula is as follows:
(5)
in the method, in the process of the invention, The number of time periods of daily operation for storing energy;
2) Charge-discharge power constraint
The active and reactive output power of the stored energy is limited by the capacity of the energy storage converter, and the stored energy only has one charge and discharge state at the same time, and the following formula is shown:
(6)
in the method, in the process of the invention,rated apparent power of the energy storage converter; />0 or 1 variable representing the state of charge of the stored energy, < >>Is 1 represents that the energy storage is in a charged state +.>A value of 0 represents that the stored energy is not in a charged state; />Representing stored energy0 or 1 variable of the discharge state, +.>Is 1 represents that the energy storage is in a discharge state, +.>A value of 0 represents that the stored energy is not in a discharge state; />、/>Respectively representing the maximum value of the stored energy charging and discharging power;
3) Energy storage state of charge constraints
The SOC state of the stored energy is changed in a certain interval, and the SOC state at the starting time and the SOC state at the ending time in a scheduling period of one day are the same as the following formula:
(7)
in the method, in the process of the invention,、/>respectively a maximum constraint value and a minimum constraint value of the SOC of the energy storage battery; />To store energy in->The state of SOC at the moment; />Is the rated capacity of the energy storage battery; />、/>Respectively representing the charge and discharge efficiency of the stored energy;to calculate the length of time.
5. The energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the hierarchical management of the electric energy quality according to claim 4, wherein the method is characterized in that: the unit electricity consumption is against the deposit The calculation is carried out by adopting the following method:
firstly, constructing a CVaR model of the economic loss of the electric energy quality of a user, which is as follows:
(9)
(10)
(11)
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the actual power quality level->Lower user economic loss; />Providing the energy storage with->In the case of a hierarchical power quality management service, at the confidence level +.>Lower user->Maximum possible loss of unit electricity, the physical meaning of which means that energy storage is provided +.>When the electric energy quality management service is classified, the confidence level is +.>Ensuring user +.>The economic loss of unit electricity is not more than->；/>For user->Energy storage at->The average value of the conditions that the economic loss exceeds the maximum possible loss after the grade electric energy quality management service, the physical meaning of the average value indicates that the energy storage is provided +>When the electric energy quality management service is graded, the actual grade is lower than +.>Risk expectation of economic losses of the user in the case, i.e. confidence +.>Even if the economic loss of electricity consumption of the user unit exceeds +.>Its extreme potential average economic loss will not exceed +.>；/>For the confidence level, a lower confidence level indicates that the economic loss of unit electricity exceeds +.>The higher the probability of occurrence of extreme events of +.>Taking 95% -99%; />Mathematical expectations for variables in brackets, i.e., arithmetic mean; />Is an economic loss threshold; / >User->The economic loss of unit electricity is not more than->Risk distribution function of (2);
solving the minimum value of equation (9) again to obtainAnd->；
Finally, calculating the unit electricity consumption default gold by using the following formula (12)；
(12)。
6. The energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the hierarchical management of the electric energy quality according to claim 5, characterized in that: in step S4, the objective function of the constructed distributed energy storage capacity configuration model is:
(13)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the energy storage annual comprehensive benefit is realized; />The method is a year peak Gu Taoli benefit of energy storage; />Photovoltaic absorption benefits for energy storage years; />The method is beneficial to the energy quality control of the energy storage year; />The operation cost is built for the energy storage year.
7. The energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the hierarchical management of the electric energy quality according to claim 6, characterized in that:
1) Peak energy storage Gu Taoli benefitThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(14)
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->Tian->A moment energy storage peak Gu Taoli discharge power; />Is->Tian->A moment energy storage peak Gu Taoli charging power; />The time-sharing electricity price is; />The operation days are the energy storage year;
2) Annual photovoltaic energy storage benefitThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(15)
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->Tian->The energy storage photovoltaic dissipates discharge power at any time; />Is->Tian- >The charging power is consumed by the energy storage photovoltaic at any time; />The photovoltaic internet electricity price is obtained;
3) Energy quality control income for energy storage yearThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(16)
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->The treatment electricity price of the grade electric energy quality; />Is->Tian->Time selection +.>A consumer active load of rated power quality; />Is->Tian->Time selection +.>The total power consumption of the users with the grade of power quality is as follows:
(17)
in the method, in the process of the invention,for user->First->Tian->Time selection +.>The power consumption of the grade electric energy quality; />For usersFirst->Tian->Time selection +.>An active load of rated power quality;
4) Energy storage annual construction operation costThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
annual construction operation cost of energy storageIncluding the cost of battery life degradation caused by active charge and discharge +.>Converter life loss cost caused by reactive charge and discharge>And operation maintenance cost->The following formula:
(18)
wherein the battery life degradation costThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(19)
in the method, in the process of the invention,annual battery life degradation costs for energy storage; />A price per unit capacity for the cost of the energy storage battery body;energy throughput at rated life; />The round trip efficiency of the energy storage battery;
in addition, the life loss cost of the converterThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(20)
In the method, in the process of the invention,the service life loss cost of the annual converter is the cost; />PCS unit power price of the energy storage converter; />、/>Characteristic coefficients for the life loss cost of the converter; />、/>、/>The rated life, rated capacity and equipment acquisition cost of the converter are respectively; />To store energy in%>Tian->Harmonic distortion power provided at a moment; />To store energy in%>Tian->Reactive power supplied at a moment;
in addition, operation and maintenance costsThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(21)
in the method, in the process of the invention,the operation maintenance cost is the unit power; />Is the rated power of the energy storage battery.
8. The energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering the hierarchical management of the electric energy quality according to claim 7, characterized in that: in step S4, the energy storage operation constraint and the electric energy quality management constraint are defined by formulas (6) - (7), and the photovoltaic digestion constraint is as follows:
(22)
in the method, in the process of the invention,in order to generate photovoltaic power>Tian->The amount of light discarded at the moment; />In order to generate photovoltaic power>Tian->Maximum amount of light discarded allowed at the moment; />For user->First->Tian->Photovoltaic power generation amount at moment; />For user->First->Tian->Active load at time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311105852.2A CN116826816B (en) | 2023-08-30 | 2023-08-30 | Energy storage active-reactive coordination multiplexing method considering electric energy quality grading management |
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