CN116826106A - Fuel cell system - Google Patents

Fuel cell system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116826106A
CN116826106A CN202310802131.0A CN202310802131A CN116826106A CN 116826106 A CN116826106 A CN 116826106A CN 202310802131 A CN202310802131 A CN 202310802131A CN 116826106 A CN116826106 A CN 116826106A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
air
inlet
air compressor
outlet
fuel cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310802131.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
经奥林
卢思君
李学伟
刘艳龙
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wind Hydrogen Yang Hydrogen Energy Technology Puyang Co ltd
Original Assignee
Wind Hydrogen Yang Hydrogen Energy Technology Puyang Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wind Hydrogen Yang Hydrogen Energy Technology Puyang Co ltd filed Critical Wind Hydrogen Yang Hydrogen Energy Technology Puyang Co ltd
Priority to CN202310802131.0A priority Critical patent/CN116826106A/en
Publication of CN116826106A publication Critical patent/CN116826106A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04111—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants using a compressor turbine assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04126—Humidifying
    • H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell system, which comprises a galvanic pile, an air compressor and an air compressor, wherein the air compressor comprises a tail gas inlet, a tail gas outlet, an air compressing inlet and an air compressing outlet, the tail gas inlet is communicated with an exhaust port of the galvanic pile, the tail gas outlet is used for discharging tail gas, the air compressing inlet can be communicated with the atmosphere, the air compressing outlet is communicated with the inlet of the air compressor, the inlet of the air compressor can be communicated with the atmosphere through another pipeline, and the outlet of the air compressor is communicated with the air inlet of the galvanic pile. Because the pre-pressurizing effect of the air compressor, the air pressure at the inlet of the air compressor is larger, and then the air pressure at the outlet of the air compressor is also larger, so that the air compressor is ensured to convey rated pressure air to the electric pile, the fuel cell can be ensured to output rated pressure air, and the normal running of the automobile in a high-altitude area is ensured. The invention can ensure that the air compressor outputs rated pressure air under the condition of not increasing the power and the weight of the air compressor, thereby avoiding the burden on a fuel cell system.

Description

Fuel cell system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a fuel cell system.
Background
The fuel cell automobile belongs to one kind of new energy automobile, and is different from traditional automobile in that no exhaust gas is produced, fossil fuel is not burnt, only hydrogen and oxygen are consumed, so that only water and electricity are produced, and the fuel cell automobile belongs to clean energy. The fuel cell system comprises an air compressor and a pile, wherein the air compressor provides high-pressure air meeting requirements for the pile. Air and hydrogen in the electric pile react under the action of a catalyst to generate electric energy.
In the high altitude area, the air is thin, the atmospheric pressure is lower, and the air compressor directly sucks the air from the atmosphere, so that the performance of the air compressor can be reduced, and the phenomena of pressure reduction and insufficient air quantity occur. At rated rotational speed, the air pressure is less than rated pressure, the fuel cell system cannot reach rated power, and efficiency is reduced.
In order to solve the problems of low output pressure and insufficient air quantity of the air compressor in the high-altitude area, so as to ensure the efficiency of the fuel cell system, a person skilled in the art can select an air compressor with higher pressure ratio and larger flow, but the power and the weight of the air compressor can be increased, so that the burden of the whole system is increased.
Therefore, how to solve the problem of outputting low-pressure air by the air compressor in a high-altitude environment without increasing the power and weight of the air compressor is a critical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the air compressor outputs low-pressure air in a high-altitude environment under the condition of not increasing the power and the weight of the air compressor. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a fuel cell system, includes pile and air compressor machine, still includes the air compressor, the air compressor machine includes tail gas entry, tail gas export, the entry of calming the anger, the export of calming the anger, the tail gas entry with the gas vent of pile communicates, the tail gas export is used for discharging tail gas, the entry of calming the anger can with atmospheric communication, the export of calming the anger with the entry intercommunication of air compressor machine, the entry of air compressor machine can also be through another pipeline and atmospheric communication, the export of air compressor machine with the air entry intercommunication of pile.
Preferably, the air compressing inlet of the air compressor can be communicated with the atmosphere through a first pipeline, and a first valve is arranged on the first pipeline; the inlet of the air compressor can be communicated with the atmosphere through a second pipeline, and a second valve is arranged on the second pipeline.
Preferably, the air filter further comprises an air filter, wherein the inlet of the air filter is directly communicated with the atmosphere, and the inlet of the first pipeline and the inlet of the second pipeline are communicated with the outlet of the air filter.
Preferably, the outlet of the air compressor can be communicated with the atmosphere through a third pipeline, and a safety valve is arranged on the third pipeline.
Preferably, the exhaust port of the electric pile is communicated with the exhaust gas inlet of the compressor through a fourth pipeline, and a throttle valve is arranged on the fourth pipeline.
Preferably, the device further comprises a humidifier, wherein the exhaust port of the electric pile is communicated with the tail gas inlet of the compressor through a fourth pipeline, the inlet of the fourth pipeline is communicated with the first outlet of the humidifier, and the exhaust port of the electric pile is communicated with the first inlet of the humidifier; and the outlet of the air compressor is communicated with the air inlet of the electric pile through the second inlet and the second outlet of the humidifier in sequence.
Preferably, the air compressor further comprises an intercooler, wherein an inlet of the intercooler is communicated with an outlet of the air compressor, and an outlet of the intercooler is communicated with a second inlet of the humidifier.
Preferably, the exhaust gas treatment device further comprises a silencer, wherein the exhaust gas outlet of the compressor is communicated with the inlet of the silencer through an exhaust gas pipe, and the outlet of the silencer is communicated with the atmosphere.
Preferably, the outlet of the third conduit communicates with the inlet of the muffler.
Preferably, the compressor is a turbocharger.
From the above technical solution, the fuel cell system of the present invention has the following advantages:
first, the dual function of the compressor and the air compressor can ensure that the fuel cell system outputs rated pressure air in a high-altitude area, so that the normal running of the automobile is ensured on the premise of not increasing the gravity and the power of the air compressor.
Secondly, when the pressure of the air entering the pile exceeds the upper limit pressure, the communication between the air compressor and the atmosphere can be cut off, and the air is supplied to the air compressor only through the air compressor, so that the energy consumption of the air compressor is reduced.
Thirdly, when the pressure of the air in the pile exceeds the safety pressure, the safety valve can be opened, and the air compressed by the air compressor is directly led into the atmosphere, so that the damage to the fuel cell system is avoided.
Fourth, the in-pile air pressure can be adjusted cooperatively by a throttle and an air compressor.
Fifth, the air flowing out of the air compressor absorbs moisture in the tail gas through the humidifier, so that the energy in the tail gas is further utilized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, it being evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises an air filter 1, an air filter 2, a second valve 3, an air compressor 4, an intercooler 5, a humidifier 6, a galvanic pile 7, a throttle valve 8, a compressor 9, a first valve 10, a safety valve 11, a silencer 12 and hydrogen 13.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a fuel cell system which can solve the problem that an air compressor outputs low-pressure air in a high-altitude environment under the condition of not increasing the power and the weight of the air compressor.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The applicant found that the exhaust gas exiting the stack exhaust contains nitrogen and part of the oxygen which do not participate in the stack reaction, and therefore the exhaust gas also has a high energy content. Based on this, the applicant devised the fuel cell system in the present invention.
The fuel cell system in the present invention includes a stack 7 and an air compressor 4, and in particular, a compressor 9. The compressor 9 has a tail gas inlet, a tail gas outlet, a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet. The tail gas inlet of the air compressor 9 is communicated with the exhaust port of the electric pile 7, and the tail gas outlet of the air compressor 9 is used for exhausting tail gas to the atmosphere. The air inlet of the air compressor 9 can be communicated with the atmosphere, and the air outlet of the air compressor 9 is communicated with the inlet of the air compressor 4. The inlet of the air compressor 4 can also be connected to the atmosphere via another line.
When the automobile runs in the high-altitude area, the tail gas exhausted from the exhaust port of the electric pile 7 enters the air compressor 9 through the tail gas inlet of the air compressor 9, and then the air compressor 9 is pushed to do work. The air entering the inside of the compressor 9 through the air compressing inlet of the compressor 9 is compressed, and then enters the inlet of the air compressor 4 through the air compressing outlet of the compressor 9. Because the air pressure at the inlet of the air compressor 4 is larger, the air pressure at the outlet of the air compressor 4 is also larger, so that the air compressor 4 is ensured to convey rated pressure air to the electric pile 7, and the fuel cell can be ensured to output rated pressure air, thereby ensuring that the automobile normally runs in a high-altitude area.
Due to the pre-pressurizing effect of the air compressor 9, the invention can ensure that the air compressor 4 outputs rated pressure air in high altitude areas without increasing the power and weight of the air compressor 4, thereby avoiding the burden on a fuel cell system.
When the automobile is traveling in the flat land area, if the in-pile air pressure at the air inlet of the electric pile 7 exceeds the upper limit pressure, the direct communication of the air compressor 4 with the atmosphere is cut off, and the air compressor 4 is supplied with air only through the compressor 9 so that the in-pile air pressure value falls to the rated pressure value. Thus, the energy consumption of the air compressor 4 is reduced, and the waste of the tail gas energy of the electric pile 7 is avoided.
The air inlet of the air compressor 9 is connected to the atmosphere through a first pipe, and a first valve 10 is disposed on the first pipe. The inlet of the air compressor 4 is communicated with the atmosphere through a second pipeline, and a second valve 3 is arranged on the second pipeline. Thus, the communication between the air compressor 4 and the atmosphere can be shut off by closing the second valve 3.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid impurities entering the compressor 9 and the air compressor 4, the present invention further provides an air filter 2. The inlet of the air filter 2 is directly connected to the atmosphere, and the inlets of the first and second pipelines are connected to the outlet of the air filter 2. I.e. the air in the atmosphere is filtered by the air filter 2 and then enters the compressor 9 or the air compressor 4.
The outlet of the air compressor 4 in the invention can also be directly communicated with the atmosphere through a third pipeline, and a safety valve 11 is arranged on the third pipeline.
If the pressure of the air at the air inlet of the stack 7 exceeds the safety pressure, the safety valve 11 is opened so that the air compressed by the air compressor 4 is directly discharged to the atmosphere through the third pipe, thereby protecting the fuel cell system from damage.
Since the outlet of the third pipe is connected to the atmosphere, the high-pressure air flowing out from the outlet of the air compressor 4 flows into the atmosphere preferentially through the third pipe after the relief valve 11 is opened.
The exhaust port of the electric pile 7 is communicated with the exhaust gas inlet of the compressor 9 through a fourth pipeline, and a throttle valve 8 is arranged on the fourth pipeline. The throttle valve 8 can regulate the pressure of the exhaust gas flowing through the fourth pipe. Thus, if the in-pile air pressure exceeds the rated pressure, the opening degree of the throttle valve 8 is increased, or the rotation speed of the air compressor 4 is decreased, so that the in-pile air pressure is reduced to the rated pressure. If the in-pile air pressure is lower than the rated pressure, the opening degree of the throttle valve 8 is reduced, or the rotation speed of the air compressor 4 is increased to raise the in-pile air pressure to the rated pressure.
The applicant has found that the exhaust gases exiting the stack 7 also have a certain humidity, while the air entering the stack 7 needs to have a certain humidity. Based on the consideration of fully utilizing the energy of the tail gas, the invention makes the following design: the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port of the stack 7 is first introduced into the first inlet of the humidifier 6, passes through the humidifier 6, then introduced into the fourth pipeline through the first outlet of the humidifier 6, and introduced into the compressor 9 to perform work. At the same time, the air flowing out from the outlet of the air compressor 4 enters the humidifier 6 through the second inlet of the humidifier 6, thereby absorbing moisture in the exhaust gas, and then enters the stack 7 through the second outlet of the humidifier 6 and the air inlet of the stack 7.
Due to the requirements on the temperature of the air entering the stack 7, the invention is also provided with an intercooler 5, the intercooler 5 being arranged between the air inlet of the stack 7 and the outlet of the air compressor 4. The intercooler 5 is used for cooling the high-pressure air flowing out from the outlet of the air compressor 4 so that the temperature of the high-pressure air satisfies the in-stack temperature.
The inlet of the third line to which the safety valve 11 is attached is preferably communicated with the outlet of the intercooler 5. That is, when the in-stack air pressure exceeds the safety pressure, the air flowing out from the outlet of the air compressor 4 is cooled by the intercooler 5 and discharged to the atmosphere through the third pipe.
In order to avoid obvious noise generated when the tail gas is discharged to the atmosphere, the invention also provides a silencer 12, and the tail gas outlet of the compressor 9 is communicated with the silencer 12 through a tail gas pipe. In addition, the outlet of the third conduit is also in communication with the inlet of muffler 12.
The compressor 9 in the present invention may specifically be a turbocharger, but also a low-pressure fan.
In summary, the fuel cell system of the present invention has the following advantages:
first, the dual action of the compressor 9 and the air compressor 4 can ensure that the fuel cell system outputs rated pressure air in a high altitude area, so that the normal running of the automobile is ensured on the premise of not increasing the gravity and the power of the air compressor 4.
Secondly, when the pressure of the piled air exceeds the upper limit pressure, the communication between the air compressor 4 and the atmosphere can be cut off, and air is supplied to the air compressor 4 only through the air compressor 9, so that the energy consumption of the air compressor 4 is reduced.
Third, when the pressure of the air to be piled exceeds the safety pressure, the safety valve 11 can be opened to directly introduce the air compressed by the air compressor 4 into the atmosphere, thereby avoiding damaging the fuel cell system.
Fourth, the in-stack air pressure may be adjusted in concert with the air compressor 4 via the throttle 8.
Fifth, the air flowing out of the air compressor 4 absorbs moisture in the exhaust gas through the humidifier 6, thereby further utilizing energy in the exhaust gas.
Finally, it is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a fuel cell system, includes pile and air compressor machine, its characterized in that still includes the air compressor, the air compressor machine includes tail gas entry, tail gas export, the entry of calming the anger, the export of calming the anger, the tail gas entry with the gas vent of pile communicates, the tail gas export is used for discharging tail gas, the entry of calming the anger can with atmospheric communication, the export of calming the anger with the entry intercommunication of air compressor machine, the entry of air compressor machine can also be through another pipeline and atmospheric communication, the export of air compressor machine with the air entry intercommunication of pile.
2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the compressor inlet is capable of communicating with the atmosphere through a first conduit, the first conduit having a first valve disposed thereon; the inlet of the air compressor can be communicated with the atmosphere through a second pipeline, and a second valve is arranged on the second pipeline.
3. The fuel cell system of claim 2, further comprising an air filter, an inlet of the air filter being in direct communication with the atmosphere, an inlet of the first conduit and an inlet of the second conduit each being in communication with an outlet of the air filter.
4. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of the air compressor is further capable of communicating with the atmosphere through a third pipe, and a safety valve is provided on the third pipe.
5. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust port of the stack communicates with the exhaust gas inlet of the compressor through a fourth pipe, and a throttle valve is provided on the fourth pipe.
6. The fuel cell system of claim 1, further comprising a humidifier, the stack exhaust port being in communication with the compressor exhaust gas inlet through a fourth conduit, the fourth conduit inlet being in communication with the humidifier first outlet, the stack exhaust port being in communication with the humidifier first inlet; and the outlet of the air compressor is communicated with the air inlet of the electric pile through the second inlet and the second outlet of the humidifier in sequence.
7. The fuel cell system of claim 6, further comprising an intercooler having an inlet in communication with the outlet of the air compressor and an outlet in communication with the second inlet of the humidifier.
8. The fuel cell system of claim 2, further comprising a muffler, wherein the exhaust outlet of the compressor communicates with the inlet of the muffler via an exhaust pipe, and wherein the outlet of the muffler communicates with the atmosphere.
9. The fuel cell system according to claim 8, wherein an outlet of the third pipe communicates with an inlet of the muffler.
10. The fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the compressor is a turbocharger.
CN202310802131.0A 2023-06-30 2023-06-30 Fuel cell system Pending CN116826106A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310802131.0A CN116826106A (en) 2023-06-30 2023-06-30 Fuel cell system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310802131.0A CN116826106A (en) 2023-06-30 2023-06-30 Fuel cell system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116826106A true CN116826106A (en) 2023-09-29

Family

ID=88112368

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310802131.0A Pending CN116826106A (en) 2023-06-30 2023-06-30 Fuel cell system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116826106A (en)

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