CN116817783B - Optical fiber strain sensor pre-tightening packaging structure and method - Google Patents
Optical fiber strain sensor pre-tightening packaging structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116817783B CN116817783B CN202311107304.3A CN202311107304A CN116817783B CN 116817783 B CN116817783 B CN 116817783B CN 202311107304 A CN202311107304 A CN 202311107304A CN 116817783 B CN116817783 B CN 116817783B
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/165—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of a grating deformed by the object
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a pre-tightening packaging structure and a pre-tightening packaging method for an optical fiber strain sensor, which relate to the technical field of optical fiber sensing and comprise an optical fiber strain sensor, wherein the optical fiber strain sensor comprises a substrate and a sensing optical fiber, the sensing optical fiber comprises a detection section and a free section connected with the detection section, and the detection section is movably arranged on the surface of the substrate; the pre-tightening packaging structure also comprises a translation mechanism and a base plate mechanism; the translation mechanism and the substrate plate mechanism are coaxially arranged along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber; the surface of the base plate mechanism is fixed with a substrate; the translation mechanism comprises an adjusting component and a compressing component, the adjusting component is provided with a first compressing surface, the compressing component is provided with a second compressing surface, the first compressing surface and the second compressing surface are oppositely arranged, and the free section is compressed between the first compressing surface and the second compressing surface; the translation mechanism can reciprocate along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber to adjust the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber, so that the adjusting precision of the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to a pre-tightening packaging structure and method of an optical fiber strain sensor.
Background
The optical fiber strain sensor has the advantages of light weight, small volume, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like, so the optical fiber strain sensor is widely applied to strain monitoring in the fields of aerospace, electric power energy, traditional buildings, petrochemical industry and the like. In order to avoid the influence of external environment temperature, vibration and the like on the precision of the optical fiber strain sensor, the optical fiber of the strain sensor is usually placed on the surface of a substrate, and then the substrate and the optical fiber are fixed on a substrate plate mechanism, so that the packaging structure of the optical fiber strain sensor is formed.
Aiming at the special fields of aerospace, electric power energy, petrochemical industry and the like, the working condition environment temperature is mostly over 200 ℃. When the temperature exceeds 80 ℃, the substrate material of the packaging structure of the optical fiber strain sensor is influenced by a high-temperature environment and can generate a thermal expansion effect, so that the stretching amount of the sensing optical fiber is changed to influence the strain detection precision, and therefore, the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber of the strain sensor is required to be accurately controlled.
In the related art, gravity blocks are generally arranged at two ends of a sensing optical fiber in an optical fiber strain sensor, the two ends of the sensing optical fiber are tied to the gravity blocks, and the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber is adjusted by stretching the gravity blocks.
However, in the process of stretching the gravity block, the stability of the sensing optical fiber is poor, so that the adjustment control precision of the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber in the optical fiber strain sensor is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a pre-tightening packaging structure of an optical fiber strain sensor, which aims to solve the technical problem of low adjustment precision of the pre-tightening amount of a sensing optical fiber in the optical fiber strain sensor in the related technology.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical fiber strain sensor pretension packaging structure, including an optical fiber strain sensor, where the optical fiber strain sensor includes a substrate and a sensing optical fiber, the optical fiber strain sensing optical fiber includes a detection section and a free section connected with the detection section, and the detection section is movably disposed on a surface of the substrate;
the pre-tightening packaging structure also comprises a translation mechanism and a base plate mechanism;
the translation mechanism and the substrate plate mechanism are coaxially arranged along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber;
the surface of the base plate mechanism is fixed with a substrate;
the translation mechanism comprises an adjusting component and a compressing component, the adjusting component is provided with a first compressing surface, the compressing component is provided with a second compressing surface, the first compressing surface and the second compressing surface are oppositely arranged, and the free section is compressed between the first compressing surface and the second compressing surface;
the translation mechanism can reciprocate along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber so as to adjust the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber.
In one possible implementation, the adjusting assembly comprises a fixed part and a moving part, one side of the moving part is arranged on the fixed part, and the other side of the moving part is provided with a first compression surface;
the moving piece is configured to generate relative displacement with the fixed piece along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber so as to drive the pressing component to move.
In one possible implementation, the adjustment assembly further comprises a differential head comprising a mounting sleeve and an adjustment cylinder, the adjustment cylinder being disposed within the mounting sleeve and the adjustment cylinder being movable relative to the mounting sleeve;
one of the mounting sleeve and the adjusting cylinder is fixed on the fixed piece, and the other of the mounting sleeve and the adjusting cylinder is fixed on the moving piece so that the fixed piece and the moving piece generate relative displacement.
In one possible implementation, the hold-down assembly includes a hold-down plate and a retaining member configured to secure the hold-down plate to the surface of the moving member through the hold-down plate.
In one possible implementation, two free sections are provided, and the two free sections are respectively arranged at two sides of the detection section;
the translation mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the base plate mechanism, and the two free sections are respectively fixed on the two translation mechanisms.
In one possible implementation, the pre-tightening packaging structure further includes a bottom plate, and the base plate mechanism and the translation mechanism are both disposed on the bottom plate.
In one possible implementation, the base plate mechanism includes a heating plate to the surface of which the substrate is secured;
an electrical heater wire is disposed within the heater plate and is configured to heat the heater plate to melt solder that is configured to secure the inspection piece to the substrate.
In one possible implementation, a cooling flow channel is also provided inside the heating plate, the cooling flow channel being used for storing a cooling liquid.
In one possible implementation, the substrate board mechanism further comprises a controller and a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor and the electric heating wire are respectively connected with the controller, and the temperature sensor is configured to detect the temperature of the heating board and output a temperature signal to the controller;
the controller is provided with a temperature threshold, and when the temperature value of the temperature signal is larger than the temperature threshold, the controller outputs a signal for stopping heating to the electric heating wire.
In one possible implementation, the pre-load package structure further includes an optical fiber demodulator connected to one end of one free section of the sensing fiber, the optical fiber demodulator configured to monitor the wavelength change of the sensing fiber in real time.
In one possible implementation, both the first compression face and the second compression face are provided with anti-slip elements.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for pre-tightening and packaging an optical fiber strain sensor, including a pre-tightening and packaging structure in any one of the first aspect, where the pre-tightening and packaging method includes the following steps:
the translation mechanism is adjusted to be positioned at the initial position;
compressing the free section of the sensing optical fiber between the first compression surface and the second compression surface;
and the translation mechanism is moved to reciprocate along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber so as to adjust the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber.
In one possible implementation, before the step of moving the translation mechanism to reciprocate the translation mechanism along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber to adjust the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber, the method further includes:
the translation mechanism is moved in a direction deviating from the base plate mechanism so as to preliminarily pre-tighten the sensing optical fiber, and the sensing optical fiber is ensured to be in a tightening state;
heating the heating plate by an electric heating wire to melt the solder;
when the heating plate is heated to a preset temperature, the wavelength of the detection section is received through the optical fiber demodulator, real-time demodulation is carried out on the wavelength, and the central wavelength pre-tightening amount is calculated according to the wavelength change.
In one possible implementation, the central wavelength pre-tightening variation of the detection segment is:
；
wherein,representing the central wavelength pre-tightening variation of the detection section; />The central wavelength of the detection section in a free state is shown before the electric heating wire heats the heating plate; />Indicating the central wavelength of the detection section after the heating plate is heated to a preset temperature and reaches a preset pre-tightening state; />Representing a preset temperature of the heating plate; />Representing an initial ambient temperature; t (T) C Representing the temperature coefficient of the detection section; alpha represents the thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate material; />To detect the strain coefficient of the segment.
In one possible implementation, the optical fiber strain sensor micro-strain pretension is as follows:
；
wherein,representing the micro-strain pre-tightening amount of the optical fiber strain sensor; />Representing the central wavelength pre-tightening variation of the detection section; />To detect the strain coefficient of the segment.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical fiber strain sensor pretension packaging structure, where a translation mechanism and a substrate board mechanism are coaxially disposed along an extension direction of a sensing optical fiber, so that the sensing optical fiber can be ensured to always move along a horizontal direction in a pretension process, thereby ensuring stability in adjusting a pretension amount of the sensing optical fiber. According to the embodiment of the application, the free section is pressed between the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface through the arrangement of the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface, so that the optical fiber is fixed.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for pre-tightening and packaging an optical fiber strain sensor, where the method adopts the pre-tightening and packaging structure in any one of the first aspects, so that the method has the beneficial effects of the pre-tightening and packaging structure in any one of the first aspects, and is not described herein again.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pre-tightening package structure of an optical fiber strain sensor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an assembly of the heating plate and substrate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is another schematic view of the heating plate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pre-tightening package structure of an optical fiber strain sensor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a method for pre-tightening and packaging an optical fiber strain sensor according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100-an optical fiber strain sensor; 200-a translation mechanism; 300-a base plate mechanism; 400-optical fiber demodulator; 500-bottom plate;
110-a substrate; 120-sensing optical fibers; 121-free segment; 122-a detection section;
210-an adjustment assembly; 211-fixing piece; 212-a moving member; 213-differentiating head; 220-a hold-down assembly; 221-a compacting plate; 222-locking member;
310-heating plate; 311-an electric heating wire; 312-cooling flow channels; 313-heat exchange device; 320-a controller; 330-temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
The optical fiber strain sensor has the advantages of light weight, small volume, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like, so the optical fiber strain sensor is widely applied to strain monitoring in the fields of aerospace, electric power energy, traditional buildings, petrochemical industry and the like. In order to avoid the influence of external environment temperature, vibration and the like on the precision of the optical fiber strain sensor, the optical fiber of the strain sensor is usually placed on the surface of a substrate, and then the substrate and the optical fiber are fixed on a substrate plate mechanism, so that a pre-tightening packaging structure of the optical fiber strain sensor is formed.
In some examples, the optical fiber strain sensor comprises a substrate and a sensing optical fiber, wherein the sensing optical fiber comprises two free sections and a detection section positioned between the two free sections, the detection section is movably arranged on the surface of the substrate, the substrate is fixed on a base plate mechanism, solder for fixing the detection section is arranged on the surface of the substrate, after the solder is heated to a certain temperature, the solder melts to bond the detection section and the substrate together, and after the solder is cooled, the detection section can be fixed on the substrate.
It should be noted that, the detection section of the sensing optical fiber is inscribed with an optical fiber bragg grating, wherein the optical fiber bragg grating is used as a main sensitive area, and when the optical fiber bragg grating is pulled, the wavelength of the optical fiber bragg grating changes.
Aiming at the special fields of aerospace, electric power energy, petrochemical industry and the like, the working condition environment temperature is mostly over 200 ℃. When the temperature exceeds 80 ℃, the substrate material of the optical fiber strain sensor pre-tightening packaging structure is influenced by a high-temperature environment and can generate a thermal expansion effect, so that the sensing optical fiber pre-tightening amount of the optical fiber strain sensor needs to be accurately controlled.
In the related art, before the detection section and the substrate are welded, the sensing optical fiber of the optical fiber strain sensor is usually pre-tensioned, the existing pre-tensioning mode is to arrange gravity blocks at two ends of the sensing optical fiber in the optical fiber strain sensor, tie the two ends of the sensing optical fiber to the gravity blocks, and adjust the pre-tensioning amount of the sensing optical fiber by stretching the gravity blocks.
However, during the process of stretching the gravity block, the stability of the sensing optical fiber is poor, so that the position of the sensing optical fiber moves, and the accurate adjustment of the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber in the optical fiber strain sensor is affected.
Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides a pre-tightening packaging structure of an optical fiber strain sensor, which solves the technical problem of lower adjustment precision of the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber in the conventional optical fiber strain sensor in the related technology through the arrangement of a translation mechanism.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pre-tightening package structure of an optical fiber strain sensor according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a part of the structure in fig. 1.
The embodiment of the application provides a pre-tightening packaging structure of an optical fiber strain sensor, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the pre-tightening packaging structure comprises an optical fiber strain sensor 100, the optical fiber strain sensor 100 comprises a substrate 110 and a sensing optical fiber 120, the sensing optical fiber 120 comprises a detection section 122 and a free section 121 connected with the detection section 122, the detection section 122 is movably arranged on the surface of the substrate 110, and the pre-tightening packaging structure further comprises a translation mechanism 200 and a base plate mechanism 300.
The translation mechanism 200 is disposed on two sides of the substrate board mechanism 300, and the translation mechanism 200 and the substrate board mechanism 300 are coaxially disposed along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber 120. The substrate 110 is fixed to the surface of the base plate mechanism 300.
The translation mechanism 200 comprises an adjusting component 210 and a compressing component 220, wherein the adjusting component 210 is provided with a first compressing surface, the compressing component 220 is provided with a second compressing surface, the first compressing surface and the second compressing surface are oppositely arranged, and the free section 121 is compressed between the first compressing surface and the second compressing surface. The translation mechanism 200 can reciprocate along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber 120 to adjust the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber 120.
It should be noted that, before the inspection section 122 and the substrate 110 are glued, the adjusting component 210 drives the pressing component 220 to move to adjust the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber 120.
It should be further noted that, the sensing optical fiber 120 extends along a horizontal direction, the sensing optical fiber 120 sequentially passes through the translation mechanism 200, the base plate mechanism 300, and the translation mechanism 200, wherein two free sections 121 of the sensing optical fiber 120 are respectively pressed in the two translation mechanisms 200 located at two sides of the base plate mechanism 300, and the detection sections 122 in the sensing optical fiber 120 are fixed on the substrate 110.
Illustratively, to facilitate adjustment of the amount of pretension of the adjustment assembly 210, two translation mechanisms 200 may be symmetrically disposed on either side of the base plate mechanism 300.
According to the embodiment of the application, the translation mechanism 200 and the base plate mechanism 300 are coaxially arranged along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber 120, so that the sensing optical fiber 120 can always move along the horizontal direction in the pre-tightening process, and the stability in adjusting the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber 120 is ensured. According to the embodiment of the application, the free section 121 is pressed between the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface by the arrangement of the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface, so that the optical fiber 120 can be fixed.
In some examples, the adjusting assembly 210 includes a fixed member 211 and a moving member 212, one side of the moving member 212 is disposed on the fixed member 211, and the other side of the moving member 212 is disposed with a first compression surface;
the moving member 212 is configured to generate a relative displacement with the fixing member 211 along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber 120, so as to drive the compressing assembly 220 to move.
For example, the moving member 212 is provided with a groove on a side facing the fixing member 211, the fixing member 211 is provided with a protrusion which is fitted with the groove, and the moving member 212 can reciprocate along the fixing member 211 by the fitting of the groove and the protrusion.
For another example, a side of the fixing member 211 facing the moving member 212 is provided with a groove, the moving member 212 is provided with a protrusion which is fitted with the groove, and the moving member 212 can reciprocate along the fixing member 211 by the fitting of the groove and the protrusion.
For another example, both the moving member 212 and the fixing member 211 may be provided in a plate-like structure having a certain thickness.
According to the embodiment of the application, the movable piece 212 and the fixed piece 211 are matched, so that the movable piece 212 and the fixed piece 211 generate relative displacement along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber 120, and the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber 120 can be adjusted.
In some examples, the adjustment assembly 210 further includes a differential head 213, the differential head 213 including a mounting sleeve and an adjustment cylinder, the adjustment cylinder disposed within the mounting sleeve, and the adjustment cylinder movable relative to the mounting sleeve;
one of the mounting sleeve and the adjustment cylinder is fixed to the fixing member 211, and the other of the mounting sleeve and the adjustment cylinder is fixed to the moving member 212 so that the fixing member 211 and the moving member 212 are relatively displaced.
For example, a first connection block fixed to a side wall of the moving member 212 and a second connection block fixed to a side wall of the fixing member 211 may be provided, the first connection block and the second connection block being juxtaposed along an extending direction of the sensing optical fiber 120.
For another example, one of the mounting sleeve and the adjustment cylinder may be fixed to the first connection block, and the other of the mounting sleeve and the adjustment cylinder may be fixed to the second connection block.
The differential head 213 is a measuring device for generating displacement and indicating the displacement, and the differential head 213 has high adjustment accuracy.
By arranging the differential head 213, the embodiment of the application can enable the relative displacement between the fixed part 211 and the movable part 212 to be generated by adjusting the differential head 213, so that the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber 120 can be more accurately adjusted compared with the prior art.
In other examples, compression assembly 220 includes compression plate 221 and retaining member 222, retaining member 222 configured to secure compression plate 221 to a surface of moveable member 212 through compression plate 221.
Alternatively, the locking member 222 may be configured as a bolt, and a bolt hole may be formed on the surface of the pressing plate 221, and a corresponding bolt hole may be formed on the surface of the moving member 212, where the bolt passes through the bolt hole to fix the pressing plate 221 to the moving member 212, so as to press the free section 121 of the sensing optical fiber 120 between the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface.
It is possible that a plurality of bolt holes may be uniformly provided around the compression plate 221.
According to the embodiment of the application, the clamping plate 221 can be fixed on the moving part 212 through the arrangement of the locking part 222, namely, the first clamping surface and the second clamping surface can be tightly clamped, so that the sensor optical fiber 120 is clamped between the first clamping surface and the second clamping surface, looseness of the sensor optical fiber 120 in the process of adjusting the pre-tightening amount of the sensor optical fiber 120 is avoided, and the accuracy of pre-tightening amount adjustment is ensured.
It is possible that two free sections 121 are provided, and two free sections 121 are respectively provided at both sides of the detection section 122. The translation mechanisms 200 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the base plate mechanism 300, and the two free sections 121 are respectively fixed to the two translation mechanisms 200.
According to the embodiment of the application, the translation mechanisms 200 are arranged on the two sides of the base plate mechanism 300, so that the two free sections 121 can be compressed simultaneously, and in the process of pre-tightening the photosensitive fibers 120, the two translation mechanisms 200 can be regulated by the two ends of the detection section 122 simultaneously, so that the stability and accuracy of regulation are further improved.
The pre-tightening package structure further comprises a bottom plate 500, and the base plate mechanism 300 and the translation mechanism 200 are arranged on the bottom plate 500.
According to the embodiment of the application, through the arrangement of the bottom plate 500, the substrate plate mechanism 300 and the translation mechanism 200 can be integrated on the bottom plate 500, so that on one hand, the integration level of the optical fiber strain sensor pre-tightening packaging structure is improved; on the other hand, the position movement of the base plate mechanism 300 or the translation mechanism 200 during the adjustment of the pretension amount of the sensing optical fiber 120 is avoided, and the accuracy of the pretension amount adjustment is affected, thereby ensuring the overall stability of the structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of the heating plate 310 and the substrate 110 of fig. 1. Fig. 5 is another structural schematic diagram of the heating plate 310 in fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pre-tightening package structure of an optical fiber strain sensor according to an embodiment of the present application.
In another implementation, the base plate mechanism 300 includes a heating plate 310, and the substrate 110 is fixed to a surface of the heating plate 310;
an electrical heater wire 311 is disposed within the heater plate 310, the electrical heater wire 311 being configured to heat the heater plate 310 to melt solder, the solder being configured to secure the detection section 122 to the substrate 110.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 4, the substrate 110 may be fixed on the surface of the heating plate 310, for example, four corners of the substrate 110 may be fixed by four metal pads around the heating plate 310.
For example, grooves matching with the substrate 110 may be formed on the surface of the heating plate 310, and the substrate 110 may be limited in the grooves.
For another example, the heating plate 310 may be provided as an aluminum plate or a copper plate so that the heating plate 310 rapidly transfers heat to the substrate 110.
Referring to fig. 5, the electric heating wires 311 are uniformly disposed around the substrate 110.
According to the embodiment of the application, the electric heating wires 311 are arranged in the heating plate 310, and the welding flux can be melted by heating the electric heating wires 311, so that the detection section 122 can be better fixed on the substrate 110 through the welding flux.
It is possible that a cooling flow channel 312 is further provided inside the heating plate 310, and the cooling flow channel 312 is used for storing cooling liquid.
Referring to fig. 4, as well, cooling channels 312 are uniformly disposed around substrate 110.
For example, when the heating wire melts the solder, the heat exchanger 313 introduces the coolant into the cooling channel 312 to exchange heat with the heating plate 310, and the temperature of the coolant after heat exchange increases, and the coolant flows into the heat exchanger 313 to be cooled and then is introduced into the cooling channel 312 again.
Further, the substrate board mechanism 300 further includes a controller 320 and a temperature sensor 330, wherein the temperature sensor 330 and the electric heating wire 311 are respectively connected with the controller 320, and the temperature sensor 330 is configured to detect the temperature of the heating plate 310 and output a temperature signal to the controller 320;
the controller 320 is provided with a temperature threshold, and when the temperature value of the temperature signal is greater than the temperature threshold, the controller 320 outputs a signal for stopping heating to the electric heating wire 311.
In the process of fixing the sensing optical fiber 120 and the substrate 110, since the soldering material may be glass solder, high-temperature glue, or other materials, and the melting temperatures of the different materials are different, different temperature thresholds may be set on the controller 320 according to the different solders.
According to the embodiment of the application, through the arrangement of the controller 320 and the temperature sensor 330, different temperature thresholds can be set according to different welding materials, so that the electric heating wire 311 reaches the temperature for melting the specific solder, on one hand, insufficient melting of the solder caused by insufficient temperature of the electric heating wire 311 is avoided, and accordingly, the sensor optical fiber 120 and the substrate 110 are not firmly fixed, and the pretightening precision of the sensor optical fiber 120 is affected. On the other hand, the electric heating wire 311 is prevented from being overheated, so that energy of the electric heating wire 311 is prevented from being wasted.
In some examples, the pre-load package structure further includes a fiber optic demodulator 400, the fiber optic demodulator 400 being connected to one end of one free section 121 of the sensing fiber 120, the fiber optic demodulator 400 being configured to monitor in real time the wavelength variation of the sensing fiber 120 detection section fiber bragg grating.
In practice, before pre-tightening, the sensing fiber 120 is movably disposed on the surface of the substrate 110 in a free state, and the center wavelength of the sensing fiber 120 is recorded by the fiber demodulator 400Ambient temperature T 0 Moving the pressing assembly 220 to pre-tighten the sensing optical fiber 120, after the detection section 122 of the sensing optical fiber 120 is pulled, the reflection center wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating of the detection section 122 is deviated, starting the heating plate, melting and solidifying the fiber detection section 122 and the substrate 110 through welding flux, demodulating the wavelength of the sensing optical fiber 120 in real time through the fiber demodulator 400, and setting the center wavelength of the fiber detection section 122 at the moment after the temperature of the heating plate is stable>Temperature T of heating plate 1 The thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate is alpha, the strain coefficient of the common single-mode grating is epsilon, and the temperature coefficient is T C And the corresponding relation between the expansion coefficient of the metal wire and the micro strain, the wavelength pre-tightening variation of the sensing optical fiber 120 is as follows:
；
micro-strain pre-tightening amount of optical fiber strain sensor：
；
Thus, precise control of the wavelength and amount of pretension of the optical fiber strain sensor 100 during high temperature pretension can be achieved.
According to the embodiment of the application, through the arrangement of the optical fiber demodulator 400, the wavelength change of the sensing optical fiber 120 can be detected in real time through the optical fiber demodulator 400 in the pre-tightening process, and the relation between the wavelength change of the detection section 122 and the strain coefficient of the sensing optical fiber 120 can be detected, so that the grating wavelength in the high-temperature pre-tightening process can be accurately monitored in real time, and the accuracy of the grating pre-tightening amount adjustment in the optical fiber strain sensor can be further improved.
According to the embodiment of the application, through the arrangement of the cooling flow channel 312, after the solder on the surface of the substrate 110 is melted, the cooling liquid can flow through the cooling flow channel 312, so that the rapid solidification of the glass solder and the optical fiber is realized, the problem that the sensor optical fiber 120 is loosened due to incomplete solidification of the solder in the slow cooling process, and the pretightening amount is changed is avoided, and the pretightening accuracy is improved.
In some examples, both the first compression face and the second compression face are provided with cleats.
The anti-slip member may be made of a material having a large friction force, and the friction force between the sensing optical fiber 120 and the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface can be increased by the arrangement of the anti-slip member.
For example, the anti-slip member may be provided as a rubber material.
For example, the anti-slip member may be provided to the first compression surface and the second compression surface along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber 120. For another example, the area of the anti-slip member is smaller than or equal to the area of the first compression surface and the area of the second compression surface, and the width of the anti-slip member is larger than the width of the sensing optical fiber 120.
According to the embodiment of the application, through the arrangement of the anti-skid piece, the friction force between the sensing optical fiber 120 and the first compression surface and the second compression surface can be increased, and when the adjusting component 210 drives the compression component 220 to move to adjust the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber 120, the sensing optical fiber 120 can be ensured to be always compressed between the first compression surface and the second compression surface, so that the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber 120 can be adjusted more stably.
It is possible that the translation mechanism 200 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the base plate mechanism 300.
It should be noted that the sensing optical fiber 120 has two free sections 121, and the two free sections 121 are disposed on both sides of the detecting section 122.
Further, translation mechanisms located on both sides of the base plate mechanism 300 are used to fix the two free sections 121, respectively.
According to the embodiment of the application, the translation mechanisms 200 are arranged on the two sides of the base plate mechanism 300, so that the two free sections 121 can be compressed simultaneously, and in the process of pre-tightening the photosensitive fibers 120, the two translation mechanisms 200 can be regulated by the two ends of the detection section 122 simultaneously, so that the stability and accuracy of regulation are further improved.
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 7, an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for pre-tightening and packaging an optical fiber strain sensor, where the pre-tightening and packaging structure of the optical fiber strain sensor in any one of the first aspect is adopted, and the pre-tightening and packaging method includes the following steps:
s1: the translation mechanism 200 is adjusted such that the translation mechanism 200 is in the initial position.
The operator adjusts the translation mechanism 200 such that the translation mechanism 200 is in the initial position.
It should be noted that, when the translation mechanism 200 is in the initial state, the detection section 122 of the sensing optical fiber 120 is laid flat on the translation mechanism 200, the detection section 122 is not subjected to any external force, and the detection section 122 is in the free state. The center wavelength of the detection section 122 is detected by the optical fiber demodulator 400 in the free state of the detection section 122And records the ambient temperature of the detection section 122 at this time +.>。
The translation mechanism 200 includes a differential head, and the differential head needs to be zeroed when the translation mechanism 200 is adjusted.
S2: the free section 121 of the sensing fiber 120 is pinched between the first pinching surface and the second pinching surface.
The staff compresses the free section 121 of the sensing optical fiber 120 between the first compression surface and the second compression surface, and of course, the sensing optical fiber 120 has two free sections 121, and the translation mechanism 200 includes a first translation mechanism and a second translation mechanism, and in implementation, one free section 121 is compressed between the first compression surface and the second compression surface of the first translation mechanism, and the other free section 121 is connected with the optical fiber demodulator via the first compression surface and the second compression surface of the second translation mechanism.
S3: the translation mechanism 200 is moved in a direction away from the substrate plate mechanism 300 to initially pre-tension the sensing fiber 120.
The worker moves the translation mechanism 200 in a direction away from the base plate mechanism 300 to perform preliminary pretension on the sensing optical fiber 120, ensuring that the sensing optical fiber 120 is in a tensioned state.
S4: the heating plate 310 is heated by the electric heating wire 311 to melt the solder.
In a specific implementation, a worker turns on a heating switch of the electric heating wire 311, the electric heating wire 311 heats up and heats the heating plate 310, and the heated heating plate 310 can melt solder.
S5: when the heating plate 310 is heated to a preset temperature, the optical fiber demodulator 400 receives the wavelength of the detection section 122 and demodulates the wavelength in real time, and the pre-tightening amount is calculated according to the wavelength change;
the temperature sensor 330 can detect the temperature of the heating plate 310 and output a temperature signal to the controller 320, and when the temperature value in the temperature signal is a preset temperature value, the controller 320 outputs a signal to stop heating to the electric heating wire 311. The optical fiber demodulator 400 receives the wavelength of the detection segment 122 and demodulates the wavelength in real time to obtain the center wavelength of the detection segment 122 at this time asAnd the staff calculates the central wavelength pre-tightening amount according to the wavelength change.
The preset temperature is setThe temperature may be 200 to 400 ℃, for example, the preset temperature may be 200, 220, 310, 400 ℃, wherein the preset temperature is。
Further, the center wavelength of the detection segment 122 may be calculated using the following formula:
；
wherein,represents the amount of change in the center wavelength pretension of the detection section 122; />Indicating the center wavelength of the detection section 122 before the heating plate 310 is heated by the electric heating wire 311; />Indicating the center wavelength of the sensing section 122 after the heating plate 310 is heated to a preset temperature; />Representing a preset temperature of the heating plate 310; />Representing ambient temperature; t (T) C Is the temperature coefficient of the fiber bragg grating; alpha represents the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the substrate 110; />To detect the strain coefficient of the segment 122.
Further, the optical fiber strain sensor micro-strain pre-tightening amount can be calculated:
；
wherein,representing the micro-strain pre-tightening amount of the optical fiber strain sensor; />Indicating the amount of change in the center wavelength pretension of the detection section 122.
For example, further, assume that the center wavelength of the detection section 122 in the free state is detected before the heating plate 310 is heated by the electric heating wire 3111540nm, ambient temperature T 0 =20℃. After the heating plate 310 is heated to the preset temperature, the center wavelength of the detecting section 122 is +.>Preset temperature T of heating plate 310 =1546nm 1 The thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the substrate 110 is α=10 (i.e. the expansion amount is about 10mm for every 1 ℃ rise in the temperature of the material of the substrate 110 of 1000 m, so that every 1 ℃ rise in the substrate generates about 10 με), and the detection segment 122 is a common single-mode grating, wherein the strain coefficient ε of the common single-mode grating is about 1.2pm/με, and the temperature coefficient is T C About 10pm/°c, when the heating plate 310 reaches a preset temperature during the melt-solidification process of the sensing optical fiber 120 and the substrate 110, the detection section 122, i.e., the optical fiber grating wavelength pre-tightening variation +.>The method comprises the following steps:；
further, the optical fiber strain sensor micro-strain pre-tightening amount can be calculated:
；
further, assuming that the pre-set pre-tightening amount of the optical fiber strain sensor is 1500 με, then the following formula is:
；
can calculate out the detection section 1221800pm, further, will +.>Substitution formula:
；
can be calculated to obtainStep S5, namely, moving the translation mechanism 200 according to the calculated wavelength pre-tightening variation of the fiber grating, moves the translation mechanism 200 along the extending direction of the sensing fiber 120 in a direction away from the substrate plate mechanism 300, and observes the wavelength variation of the fiber demodulator 400 while moving the translation mechanism 200 until the wavelength variation in the fiber demodulator is 1546.2nm, and stops moving the translation mechanism 200, thereby realizing accurate control of the micro-strain pre-tightening amount of the fiber strain sensor.
S6: the translation mechanism 200 is moved, and the translation mechanism 200 is reciprocally moved along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber 120 to adjust the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber 120.
The worker moves the translation mechanism 200 to reciprocate the translation mechanism 200 along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber 120 to adjust the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber 120, and can precisely adjust the pre-tightening amount calculated according to the optical fiber demodulator 400 when moving the translation mechanism 200.
It is to be understood that, based on the several embodiments provided in the present application, those skilled in the art may combine, split, reorganize, etc. the embodiments of the present application to obtain other embodiments, which all do not exceed the protection scope of the present application.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present application further illustrates the purposes, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the embodiments of the present application, and it should be understood that the foregoing is merely a specific implementation of the embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application should be included in the scope of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an optical fiber strain sensor pretension packaging structure, includes optical fiber strain sensor (100), optical fiber strain sensor (100) include substrate (110) and sensing optic fibre (120), sensing optic fibre (120) include detect section (122) and with detect section (122) be connected free section (121), detect section (122) activity set up in substrate (110) surface, characterized in that, pretension packaging structure still includes translation mechanism (200) and basement plate mechanism (300);
the translation mechanism (200) and the substrate plate mechanism (300) are coaxially arranged along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber (120);
the substrate (110) is fixed on the surface of the substrate base mechanism (300);
the translation mechanism (200) comprises an adjusting component (210) and a pressing component (220), wherein the adjusting component (210) is provided with a first pressing surface, the pressing component (220) is provided with a second pressing surface, the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface are oppositely arranged, and the free section (121) is pressed between the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface;
the translation mechanism (200) can reciprocate along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber (120) to adjust the pre-tightening amount of the sensing optical fiber (120);
the substrate mechanism (300) comprises a heating plate (310), and the substrate (110) is fixed on the surface of the heating plate (310);
-an electrical heating wire (311) is arranged within the heating plate (310), the electrical heating wire (311) being configured to heat the heating plate (310) to melt solder configured to secure the detection section (122) to the substrate (110);
the substrate board mechanism (300) further comprises a controller (320) and a temperature sensor (330), wherein the temperature sensor (330) and the electric heating wire (311) are respectively connected with the controller (320), and the temperature sensor (330) is configured to detect the temperature of the heating plate (310) and output a temperature signal to the controller (320);
the controller (320) is provided with a temperature threshold, and when the temperature value of the temperature signal is larger than the temperature threshold, the controller (320) outputs a signal for stopping heating to the electric heating wire (311);
the pre-tightening packaging structure further comprises an optical fiber demodulator (400), wherein the optical fiber demodulator (400) is connected with one end of one free section (121) of the sensing optical fiber (120), and the optical fiber demodulator (400) is configured to monitor the wavelength change of the sensing optical fiber (120) in real time;
wherein, the central wavelength pretension variable quantity of the detection section (122) is as follows:
；
wherein,representing a central wavelength pretension variation amount of the detection section (122); />Representing a center wavelength of the detection section (122) in a free state before the electric heating wire (311) heats the heating plate (310); />Indicating the center wavelength of the detection section (122) after the heating plate (310) is heated to a preset temperature and reaches a preset pre-tightening state, wherein the preset temperature is200 ℃ to 400 ℃; />Representing a preset temperature of the heating plate (310); />Representing an initial ambient temperature;T C representing a temperature coefficient of the detection section (122); alpha represents the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the substrate (110); />Representing the strain coefficient of the detection section (122).
2. The optical fiber strain sensor pre-tightening packaging structure according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting assembly (210) comprises a fixing piece (211) and a moving piece (212), one side of the moving piece (212) is arranged on the fixing piece (211), and the other side of the moving piece (212) is provided with the first tightening surface;
the moving member (212) is configured to generate relative displacement with the fixed member (211) along the extending direction of the sensing optical fiber (120) so as to drive the compressing assembly (220) to move.
3. The optical fiber strain sensor pretension packaging structure according to claim 2, wherein the adjustment assembly (210) further includes a differential head (213), the differential head (213) including a mounting sleeve and an adjustment cylinder, the adjustment cylinder being disposed within the mounting sleeve, and the adjustment cylinder being movable relative to the mounting sleeve;
one of the mounting sleeve and the adjusting cylinder is fixed to the fixing member (211), and the other of the mounting sleeve and the adjusting cylinder is fixed to the moving member (212) so that the fixing member (211) and the moving member (212) are relatively displaced.
4. A pre-tightening package structure of an optical fiber strain sensor according to claim 3, wherein the tightening assembly (220) comprises a tightening plate (221) and a locking member (222), the locking member (222) being configured to fix the tightening plate (221) to the surface of the moving member (212) through the tightening plate (221).
5. The optical fiber strain sensor pre-tightening packaging structure according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein two free sections (121) are provided, and two free sections (121) are respectively arranged at two sides of the detection section (122);
the translation mechanisms (200) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the substrate plate mechanism (300), and the two free sections (121) are respectively fixed on the two translation mechanisms (200).
6. The optical fiber strain sensor pre-tightening package structure of any of claims 1-4, further comprising a base plate (500), wherein the base plate mechanism (300) and the translation mechanism (200) are disposed on the base plate (500).
7. The optical fiber strain sensor pre-tightening package structure according to claim 1, wherein a cooling flow passage for storing a cooling liquid is further provided inside the heating plate (310).
8. The optical fiber strain sensor pre-tightening package according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the first compression surface and the second compression surface are each provided with an anti-slip member.
9. An optical fiber strain sensor pre-tightening packaging method is characterized in that the optical fiber strain sensor pre-tightening packaging structure is adopted; the pre-tightening packaging method comprises the following steps:
adjusting the translation mechanism (200) to enable the translation mechanism (200) to be located at an initial position;
compressing a free section (121) of the sensing fiber (120) between the first compression face and the second compression face;
moving the translation mechanism (200) in a direction away from the base plate mechanism (300) so as to preliminarily pre-tighten the sensing optical fiber (120) and ensure that the sensing optical fiber (120) is in a tightened state;
heating the heating plate (310) by an electric heating wire (311) to melt the solder;
when the heating plate (310) is heated to a preset temperature, the optical fiber demodulator (400) is used for receiving the wavelength of the detection section (122) and demodulating the wavelength in real time, and the central wavelength pre-tightening amount is calculated according to the wavelength change; wherein, the central wavelength pretension variable quantity of the detection section (122) is as follows:
；
wherein,representing a central wavelength pretension variation amount of the detection section (122); />Representing a center wavelength of the detection section (122) in a free state before the electric heating wire (311) heats the heating plate (310); />Indicating a center wavelength of the sensing section (122) after the heating plate (310) is heated to a preset temperature and reaches a preset pre-tightening state;representing a preset temperature of the heating plate (310); />Representing an initial ringAn ambient temperature;T C representing a temperature coefficient of the detection section (122); alpha represents the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the substrate (110); />Representing the strain coefficient of the detection section (122).
10. The method for pre-tightening and packaging an optical fiber strain sensor according to claim 9, wherein the optical fiber strain sensor micro-strain pre-tightening amount is as follows:
；
wherein,representing the micro-strain pre-tightening amount of the optical fiber strain sensor; />Representing a central wavelength pretension variation amount of the detection section (122); />Is the strain coefficient of the detection section (122).
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