CN116816763B - Loading impact device for rock drill test - Google Patents
Loading impact device for rock drill test Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116816763B CN116816763B CN202311001861.7A CN202311001861A CN116816763B CN 116816763 B CN116816763 B CN 116816763B CN 202311001861 A CN202311001861 A CN 202311001861A CN 116816763 B CN116816763 B CN 116816763B
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- oil
- cylinder
- loading
- cavity
- stop block
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 129
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/021—Valves for interconnecting the fluid chambers of an actuator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/024—Pressure relief valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1428—Cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1433—End caps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1438—Cylinder to end cap assemblies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1457—Piston rods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1485—Special measures for cooling or heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/149—Fluid interconnections, e.g. fluid connectors, passages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/202—Externally-operated valves mounted in or on the actuator
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a loading punched device for rock drill testing, and relates to the technical field of rock drilling. The cylinder barrel and the cooling device are arranged between the front cylinder cover and the rear cylinder cover, and the front cylinder cover and the rear cylinder cover are detachably connected through a pull rod; a loading valve assembly is arranged in a stop block oil pushing cavity of a rear cylinder cover, an adjusting screw is screwed to a limit position, a compression spring is fully compressed, an oil duct of a rodless cavity is disconnected, and an impact loading oil cylinder is in a closed mode; the adjusting screw is screwed to a non-limiting position, high-pressure oil in the rodless cavity pushes the stop block to move through the pilot oil duct, the oil duct of the rodless cavity is opened, and the impact loading oil cylinder is in a non-closed mode. The loading oil cylinder is convenient to detach, install and maintain. The loading valve component is arranged, so that the impact loading oil cylinder is flexibly switched into a closed mode and a non-closed mode, and the application range is wider. The oil way in the closed mode is simple, the loading force is large, the oil in the non-closed mode flows, and the heat generation is small; the screw-in depth of the adjusting screw is adjusted, so that adjustment of different loading pressures is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock drilling, in particular to a loading punched device for rock drilling machine test.
Background
Hydraulic rock drill is mainly used for construction of facilities such as mining area exploitation, geological exploration, tunnel construction and the like. In the practical engineering application process, the hydraulic rock drill has the characteristics of high rock breaking efficiency, less environmental pollution, high operation safety, convenient control and the like compared with other rock breaking machines.
The current method for testing and simulating the impact performance of the hydraulic rock drill mainly comprises a striking oil cylinder mode, wherein the structure of the mode is the most complex, but the mode can be recycled, and the oil cylinder is generally matched with two hydraulic systems, one of which is a closed rodless cavity and the other of which is a non-closed rodless cavity. The sealing rodless cavity mode is simple in structure, impact energy is converted into heat energy, the pressure of the sealing cavity is too high, a conventional hydraulic cylinder is not provided with a heat dissipation system, high temperature is easy to generate, the piston is easy to expand after long-time testing, the piston is blocked, the service life of a sealing piece is short, and meanwhile, the impact performance cannot be judged; the hydraulic pump is used for applying certain oil pressure to the rodless cavity, and the load force applied by loading the hydraulic pump relative to the rock concrete is more controllable, so that the hydraulic pump has remarkable advantages in simulating and testing the impact performance of the rock drill, but the hydraulic pump is required to continuously supply oil to the rodless cavity to cause larger energy loss in the striking process due to large impact force and high impact frequency, and the loading oil cylinder is required to continuously retract in the striking process of the rock drill, so that the oil in the rodless cavity flows out, the oil in the hydraulic pump flows back, and the hydraulic pump is damaged greatly.
In summary, under the premise of meeting the requirements of testing and simulating the performance of the rock drill and recycling, the non-closed rodless cavity oil cylinder has the advantages of high repeatability, economy, environmental protection, safety, convenience in use and the like, and the common oil cylinder cannot be used for realizing heat energy absorption directly, and is troublesome to disassemble and assemble after faults occur, so that the load oil cylinder becomes an important part for limiting the test simulation of the rock drill, and the load oil cylinder is particularly important for improving the test and simulation of the rock drill and has important influence on the development and use of the rock drill.
The prior common oil cylinder has the following problems:
1. the existing common oil cylinder is a closed type oil cylinder or an unclosed type oil cylinder, and the same oil cylinder can not realize the switching between the closed mode and the unclosed mode.
2. The parts are troublesome to disassemble, assemble and maintain, the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder is connected with the front mounting seat and the rear mounting seat by adopting a welding or thread process, wherein the tail end of the welding mode cannot be opened, the piston rod is required to be completely taken out for replacing the parts, the thread process is usually adopted after the oil cylinder is used for a period of time, the piston is unbalanced, so that threads are seized, and the oil cylinder can be disassembled only by a cutting mode, so that the oil cylinder is scrapped;
3. because the oil cannot flow circularly, the oil cylinder does not have an additional circulating heat dissipation structure, and the oil temperature and the piston temperature are too high under long-time striking, so that the piston is easy to be blocked and the sealing element is easy to be damaged by heating;
4. the non-closed loading function cannot be independently realized, continuous energy input is required in the testing process, energy loss and damage to the hydraulic pump are caused, and the testing and simulation costs are high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a loading punched device for rock drill test, which has the following problems: the same oil cylinder can not realize the switching between a closed mode and an unclosed mode, is difficult to mount, dismount and maintain, oil can not flow circularly, the oil cylinder does not have an additional circulating heat dissipation structure, and the unclosed loading function can not be independently realized.
In order to solve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the loading impact device for rock drill test comprises a loading oil cylinder, wherein the loading oil cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel, a cooling device is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder barrel, the cylinder barrel and the cooling device are arranged between a front cylinder cover and a rear cylinder cover, and the front cylinder cover and the rear cylinder cover are detachably connected through a pull rod;
a piston rod is arranged in the cylinder barrel, the piston rod divides the inner part of the cylinder barrel into a rodless cavity and a rod-containing cavity, a rodless cavity oil duct communicated with the rodless cavity, a stop oil pushing cavity communicated with the rodless cavity oil duct and a pilot oil duct communicated with the rodless cavity and the stop oil pushing cavity are arranged on the rear cylinder cover, a loading valve assembly is arranged in the stop oil pushing cavity, and the loading valve assembly comprises a stop block, a compression spring and an adjusting screw which are sequentially arranged, and the stop block moves in the stop oil pushing cavity to be connected with and disconnected with the rodless cavity oil duct;
the adjusting screw is screwed to the limit position, the compression spring is fully compressed, the rodless cavity oil duct is disconnected, and the loading oil cylinder is a closed impact loading oil cylinder; the adjusting screw is screwed to a non-limiting position, high-pressure oil in the rodless cavity pushes the stop block to move through the pilot oil duct, the rodless cavity oil duct is opened, and the loading oil cylinder is a non-closed impact loading oil cylinder.
Preferably, the cooling device comprises a water cooling jacket, the water cooling jacket is sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder barrel, a cooling cavity is formed between the water cooling jacket and the cylinder barrel, and a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the water cooling jacket.
Preferably, the front cylinder cover and the rear cylinder cover are respectively provided with two annular grooves, and two ends of the cylinder barrel and the water cooling jacket are respectively inserted into the annular grooves of the front cylinder cover and the rear cylinder cover.
Preferably, the two ends of the pull rod are provided with external threads, and after the two ends of the pull rod respectively pass through the front cylinder cover and the rear cylinder cover, the external threads of the pull rod are locked with the primary locking nut.
Preferably, a front mounting seat is arranged on one side, far away from the cylinder barrel, of the front cylinder cover, and after one end of the pull rod passes through the front mounting seat, the external thread of the pull rod is locked with a secondary locking nut;
the rear cylinder cover is far away from one side of the cylinder barrel and is provided with a rear mounting seat, and after the other end of the pull rod passes through the rear mounting seat, the external thread of the pull rod is locked with a secondary locking nut.
Preferably, an axial through hole is formed in the rear cylinder cover, a bottom locking bolt penetrates through the axial through hole and is screwed into the base, and the front mounting seat and the rear mounting seat are connected with the base through mounting bolts.
Preferably, the outer wall of the cylinder barrel adopts a semicircular spiral structure, and a cooling cavity is formed between the outer wall of the cylinder barrel and the inner wall of the water cooling jacket.
Preferably, a cooling cavity formed between the cylinder barrel and the water cooling jacket is sealed by a sealing ring.
Preferably, a loading valve pressure relief oil duct which is communicated with the oil pushing cavity of the stop block and the oil duct of the rodless cavity is arranged on the rear cylinder cover.
Preferably, the piston rod is an integrated piston rod.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has at least the following beneficial effects:
in the above-described scheme, the first step,
1. the impact loading oil cylinder is provided with the loading valve component, so that flexible switching between a closed mode and a non-closed mode is realized, and the application range is wider.
2. The loading valve assembly adopts a slide valve type structural design, the screw-in depth of the adjusting screw is adjusted, adjustment of different loading pressures is realized, the opening pressure of the rodless cavity oil duct of the loading oil cylinder is flexibly adjusted, and stable loading capacity is further provided for the loading oil cylinder.
3. The impact loading oil cylinder simplifies the structure of an external oil way of the loading oil cylinder through the structure design of the rear cylinder cover and the slide valve, so that the loading oil cylinder can work normally only by connecting a hydraulic oil tank, and the closed mode has the characteristics of simple oil way and large loading force; the non-closed mode has the advantages of oil flowing and less heat generation.
4. The cylinder barrel, the water cooling jacket, the front cylinder cover, the rear cylinder cover, the pull rod, the front mounting seat, the rear mounting seat, the primary lock nut and the secondary lock nut are arranged, so that the disassembly, the installation and the maintenance are convenient, and the maintenance cost is low.
5. The piston rod adopts an integrated structure, so that shaking generated under impact between the piston and the piston rod in the working process and dislocation of a connecting part are effectively reduced, uneven distribution of stress is effectively reduced, the impact resistance of the piston rod is further improved, and the whole service life of the oil cylinder is prolonged.
6. A cooling cavity is formed between the water cooling sleeve and the cylinder barrel, and the outer wall of the cylinder barrel adopts a semicircular spiral structure, so that the cooling cavity has better water resistance, the retention time of cooling water is prolonged, and the cooling effect is improved; the water cooling jacket and the cylinder barrel are matched with a gap of 1-2mm to improve the contact area of cooling water and the cylinder barrel, reduce the excircle processing cost of the cylinder barrel, seal the cooling cavity by utilizing the sealing ring, and have no welding stress caused by welding, so that the cooling jacket is convenient to assemble, disassemble, maintain and replace.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall working structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the integral mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the integral mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention with the base removed;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention with the base removed;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a stopper according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the adjusting screw of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a loading valve assembly of the present invention
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a cylinder barrel structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a front view of a water jacket of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a B-B cross-sectional view of FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a closed load cylinder mode configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in an initial state of the non-closed loading cylinder mode;
FIG. 17 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 16;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the invention in an open operating state in non-closed loading cylinder mode;
fig. 19 is an enlarged schematic view of fig. 18.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1. loading an oil cylinder; 2. a base; 3. installing a bolt; 4. a bottom locking bolt; 5. a piston rod; 6. a cylinder; 7. a water cooling jacket; 8. a front cylinder cover; 9. a rear cylinder cover; 10. a front mounting base; 11. a rear mounting base; 12. a stop block; 14. a compression spring; 13. adjusting a screw; 15. a pull rod; 16. a primary lock nut; 17. a secondary lock nut; 18. a rod cavity oil duct; 19. a rodless cavity oil passage; 20. a water inlet; 21. a water outlet; 22. a lower guide groove; 23. a stopper closing portion; 24. the stop block is provided with an oil passing part; 25. an upper guide groove; 26. an external thread; 27. a pilot oil passage; 28. a small cavity; 29. a large cavity; 30. a threaded hole; 31. the stopper oil pushes the cavity; 32. the loading valve is used for releasing the pressure of the oil duct.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts, based on the described embodiments of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Likewise, the terms "a," "an," or "the" and similar terms do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
It should be noted that "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like are used in the present invention only to indicate a relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed accordingly.
As shown in fig. 1 to 19, the present embodiment provides a loading impact receiver for rock drill testing, which comprises a loading cylinder 1, wherein the loading cylinder 1 comprises a cylinder barrel 6, a cooling device is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder barrel 6, the cylinder barrel 6 and the cooling device are arranged between a front cylinder cover 8 and a rear cylinder cover 9, and the front cylinder cover 8 and the rear cylinder cover 9 are detachably connected through a pull rod 15.
As shown in fig. 5 and 7, a piston rod 5 is installed in the cylinder barrel 6, the piston rod 5 divides the inner part of the cylinder barrel 6 into a rodless cavity and a rod cavity, a rod cavity oil duct 18 communicated with the rod cavity is arranged on the front cylinder cover 8, a rodless cavity oil duct 19 communicated with the rodless cavity is arranged on the rear cylinder cover 9, the rodless cavity oil duct 19 is directly communicated with an oil tank, one end of the rodless cavity oil duct 19 needs to be kept to be pressed in a certain degree in the testing process, the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder is guaranteed to always have a certain loading force, the loading force is regulated to be infinite, and the loading force of the loading oil cylinder 1 is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 10, a block oil pushing cavity 31 communicated with the rodless cavity oil duct 19, a pilot oil duct 27 communicated with the rodless cavity and the block oil pushing cavity 31, and a loading valve pressure relief oil duct 32 communicated with the block oil pushing cavity 31 and the rodless cavity oil duct 19 are arranged on the rear cylinder cover 9, a block 12, a compression spring 14 and an adjusting screw 13 are sequentially arranged in the block oil pushing cavity 31, and the block 12 moves in the block oil pushing cavity 31 to switch the rodless cavity oil duct 19 on and off; the stopper 12, the compression spring 14 and the adjusting screw 13 constitute a loading valve assembly, which adopts a slide valve type structural design in this embodiment. The adjusting screw is screwed to the limit position, the compression spring 14 is fully compressed, the rodless cavity oil duct 19 is disconnected, and the impact loading oil cylinder 1 is a closed impact loading oil cylinder 1; the adjusting screw is screwed to a non-limiting position, high-pressure oil in the rodless cavity pushes the stop block 12 to move through the pilot oil duct 27, the rodless cavity oil duct 19 is opened, and the impact loading oil cylinder 1 is a non-closed impact loading oil cylinder 1.
As shown in fig. 8-10, specifically, a threaded hole 30, a large cavity 29 and a small cavity 28 are sequentially arranged in the block oil pushing cavity 31, the pilot oil duct 27 is communicated with the small cavity, and the loading valve pressure relief oil duct 32 is communicated with the large cavity 29. The small cavity 28 and the large cavity 29 are provided with steps, the stop block 12 is provided with a stop block oil passing part 24 and a stop block closing part 23, steps are formed between the stop block oil passing part 24 and the stop block closing part 23, the stop block oil passing part 24 of the stop block 12 is positioned in the small cavity 28, the stop block closing part 23 of the stop block 12 is positioned in the large cavity 29, and the steps of the stop block 12 can be clamped at the steps of the stop block oil pushing cavity 31. The cooperation of the oil passing part 24 and the small cavity 28 and the cooperation of the block closing part 23 and the large cavity 29 provide guidance for the block 12, and ensure the stable state of the block 12 under the action of high pressure. The external thread 26 on the adjusting screw 13 is screwed with the threaded hole 30, and the end of the adjusting screw 13 abuts against the compression spring 14. The compression amount of the compression spring 14 is changed by changing the screwing depth of the adjusting screw 13, so that the opening pressure of the loading valve group is adjusted, and the stepless adjustment of the pressure is realized. The arrangement of the relief oil duct 32 of the loading valve ensures that the zero pressure state is processed in the large cavity 29, and the high-pressure oil can push the stop block 12 to move so as to compress the compression spring 14. Specifically, the top of the stop block closing part 23 of the stop block 12 is provided with a spring lower guide groove 22, the bottom of the adjusting screw 13 is provided with a spring upper guide groove 25, the top of the compression spring 14 is inserted into the spring upper guide groove 25, and the bottom is inserted into the spring lower guide groove 22, so that the stability of the compression spring 14 is ensured, and the shaking of the compression spring 14 is reduced.
According to the impact loading oil cylinder 1, the impact loading oil cylinder 1 is switched into a closed loading oil cylinder 1 mode and an unsealed loading oil cylinder 1 mode through the loading valve assembly. As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the adjusting screw is screwed to the limit tightening, the compression spring 14 is fully compressed, at this time, the compression spring 14 is pre-tightened to the maximum limit, the impact loading cylinder 1 is in a closed loading cylinder 1 mode, in this mode, even if the rodless cavity of the loading cylinder 1 is increased in any way, the compression spring 14 cannot be further compressed, the loading valve assembly cannot be opened, and the energy transferred by the rock drill is fully converted into heat energy. The adjusting screw 13 is not screwed to the limit position, the pre-tightening of the compression spring 14 does not reach the maximum limit, the compression spring 14 can be compressed by the stop block 12, and the impact loading cylinder 1 is in a non-closed loading cylinder 1 mode. As shown in fig. 16 and 17, in the non-closed type loading cylinder 1 mode, in an initial state, under the action of the spring force of the compression spring 14, the step of the stopper 12 is pushed against the step of the stopper oil pushing cavity 31, and the pilot oil passage 27 is blocked by the stopper 12, so that the rodless cavity oil passage 19 is disconnected; as shown in fig. 18 and 19, in the open working state, along with the movement of the impact integrated piston rod 5 of the rock drill, the rodless cavity is pressed to cause the oil pressure to rise, high-pressure oil enters the stop oil pushing cavity 31 from the rodless cavity through the pilot oil duct 27, the stop 12 moves upwards against the pretightening force of the compression spring 14 under the action of the high-pressure oil, so that the step of the stop 12 is separated from the step of the stop oil pushing cavity 31, the rodless cavity oil duct 19 is opened, the rodless cavity high-pressure oil flows out of the rodless cavity oil duct 19 to provide stable loading force for the loading oil cylinder 1, and in the mode, the energy transferred by the rock drill is converted into two parts, one part is the kinetic energy of pushing the integrated piston to move under the hydraulic action, the other part is converted into heat energy, the oil with heat energy flows out from the rodless cavity oil duct 19, and the outflow of heat is ensured. Specifically, in the non-closed type loading cylinder 1 mode, the compression pre-tightening force of the compression spring 14 is changed by changing the screwing depth of the adjusting screw 13, so that adjustment of different loading pressures is realized.
Two annular grooves are respectively arranged on the front cylinder cover 8 and the rear cylinder cover 9 of the embodiment, and two ends of the cylinder barrel 6 and the water cooling jacket 7 are respectively inserted into the annular grooves of the front cylinder cover 8 and the rear cylinder cover 9. So that the two ends of the cylinder 6 and the water-cooling jacket 7 are propped against the front cylinder cover 8 and the rear cylinder cover 9, when the pull rod 15 locks the front cylinder cover 8 and the rear cylinder cover 9, the cylinder 6 and the water-cooling jacket 7 are subjected to axial force, and the tightness of the cylinder 6 and the water-cooling jacket 7 is improved. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the annular grooves provides guidance for the installation of the cylinder 6 and the water cooling jacket 7, the front cylinder cover 8 and the rear cylinder cover 9, ensures the coaxiality of the central hole of the front cylinder cover 8 and the cylinder 6, and is also beneficial to ensuring the coaxiality of the support at the two ends of the piston rod 5.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, both ends of the tie rod 15 of the present embodiment have external threads. One end of the pull rod 15 passes through the front cylinder cover 8 and the front mounting seat 10, and the other end passes through the rear cylinder cover 9 and the rear mounting seat 11. Each end of each pull rod 15 is matched with a primary locking nut 16 and a secondary locking nut 17, one end of each pull rod 15 passes through the front cylinder cover 8 and then is locked by the primary locking nut 16, and one end of each pull rod 15 continues to pass through the front mounting seat 10 and then is locked by the secondary locking nut 17; the other end of the pull rod 15 passes through the rear cylinder cover 9 and is locked by a primary locking nut 16, and the other end of the pull rod 15 continues to pass through the rear mounting seat 11 and is locked by a secondary locking nut 17. The cooperation of pull rod 15 and one-level lock nut 16 is taut with preceding cylinder cap 8, cylinder 6, water jacket 7 and back cylinder cap 9, and the cooperation of pull rod 15 and two-level lock nut 17 is taut with preceding mount pad 10 and preceding cylinder cap 8, is taut with back mount pad 11 and back cylinder cap 9. The arrangement of the primary lock nut 16 and the secondary lock nut 17 realizes that the cylinder main body part (the front cylinder cover 8, the cylinder barrel 6, the water cooling jacket 7 and the rear cylinder cover 9) is not influenced under the condition that the front mounting seat 10 and the rear mounting seat 11 are removed by the secondary lock nut 17, so that the parts at the two ends of the front cylinder cover 8 and the rear cylinder cover 9 are convenient to replace, the whole pull rod 15 is not required to be pulled out, the maintenance and the replacement of the parts at the two ends and the sealing element can be realized, and the hydraulic cylinder has the advantages of easy disassembly and easy maintenance. The number of tie rods 15 in this embodiment is preferably 4.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, specifically, the oil cylinder of the present embodiment is supported by the rear cylinder cover 9, and as the impact energy of the hydraulic rock drill acts on the piston, the acting force of the hydraulic rock drill cannot be absorbed by the oil instantaneously with the increase of the oil pressure, and the axial impact force applied to the oil cylinder also increases greatly. In the embodiment, the rear cylinder cover 9 is provided with the axial through hole, the rear cylinder cover 9 is connected with the base 2 through the axial through hole by utilizing the bottom locking bolt 4, and the axial support between the rear cylinder cover 9 and the base 2 is increased. The front mounting seat 10 and the rear mounting seat 11 are connected with the base 2 through the mounting bolts 3, the mounting bolts 3 do not bear axial shearing force, the capability of resisting the axial force of the oil cylinder is greatly improved, and the problem that fracture risks are easy to exist when the radial mounting bolts 3 of the rear mounting seat 11 are singly relied on is solved.
As shown in fig. 5 and 11-13, the cooling device of the present embodiment includes a water jacket 7, the water jacket 7 is sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder 6, a cooling cavity is formed between the water jacket 7 and the cylinder 6, a water gap is provided on the water jacket 7, the water gap includes a water inlet 20 and a water outlet 21, and preferably, the water inlet 20 and the water outlet 21 are respectively provided at two ends of the water jacket 7. Cooling water enters the cooling cavity from the water inlet 20 and flows out from the water outlet 21, and in the process, the cooling water circularly flows through the outer wall of the cylinder barrel 6, so that the temperature of oil in the cylinder barrel 6 is reduced, and the temperature of the piston of the oil cylinder is reduced through the temperature reduction of the oil. Specifically, the outer wall of the cylinder barrel 6 adopts a semicircular spiral structure, so that the cooling cavity has better water resistance, the retention time of cooling water is prolonged, and the cooling effect is improved. Specifically, the fit clearance between the water cooling jacket 7 and the cylinder barrel 6 is 1-2mm, the sealing ring is utilized for sealing, the contact area between cooling water and the cylinder barrel 6 is increased, the excircle processing cost of the cylinder barrel 6 is reduced, the cooling water in the containing cavity is sealed by adopting the sealing ring between the water cooling jacket 7 and the cylinder barrel 6, and compared with welding, the welding stress caused by welding does not exist, and meanwhile, the disassembly, the assembly, the maintenance and the replacement are more convenient. Specifically, the rounding treatment is carried out at the spiral opening of the semicircular spiral structure of the outer wall of the cylinder barrel 6, so that the stress concentration caused by spiral cutting is reduced, and the structural strength of the cylinder barrel 6 is improved.
The piston rod 5 of this embodiment is the integral type piston rod 5 to the transition portion configuration fillet at piston rod 5 has effectively reduced rocking and connecting portion dislocation that produce under the impact between piston and the piston rod 5 in the course of the work, has effectively reduced the inhomogeneous distribution of stress, and then improves the impact resistance of piston rod 5, optimizes the hydro-cylinder at whole life.
In the embodiment, the contact part of the piston rod 5 and the cylinder 6 is only provided with a supporting ring between the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the oil cylinder, and a sealing assembly is not installed, so that friction of the contact part of the piston rod 5 and the cylinder 6 is reduced, the risk of pulling the piston rod 5 is reduced, and the service lives of the piston rod 5 and the cylinder 6 are prolonged.
The loading device for rock drill test of the embodiment realizes the oil cylinders with different length specifications through the replacement of the cylinder barrel 6, the water cooling sleeve 7, the pull rod 15 and the piston rods 5 with different lengths, and has strong interchangeability and universality.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The loading impact device for testing the rock drill is characterized by comprising a loading oil cylinder, wherein the loading oil cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel, a cooling device is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder barrel, the cylinder barrel and the cooling device are arranged between a front cylinder cover and a rear cylinder cover, and the front cylinder cover and the rear cylinder cover are detachably connected through a pull rod;
a piston rod is arranged in the cylinder barrel, the piston rod divides the inner part of the cylinder barrel into a rodless cavity and a rod-containing cavity, a rodless cavity oil duct communicated with the rodless cavity, a stop oil pushing cavity communicated with the rodless cavity oil duct and a pilot oil duct communicated with the rodless cavity and the stop oil pushing cavity are arranged on the rear cylinder cover, a loading valve assembly is arranged in the stop oil pushing cavity, and the loading valve assembly comprises a stop block, a compression spring and an adjusting screw which are sequentially arranged, and the stop block moves in the stop oil pushing cavity to be connected with and disconnected with the rodless cavity oil duct;
the stop block oil pushing cavity is internally provided with a threaded hole, a large cavity and a small cavity in sequence, a pilot oil duct is communicated with the small cavity, a loading valve pressure relief oil duct is communicated with the large cavity, a step is arranged between the small cavity and the large cavity, the stop block is provided with a stop block oil passing part and a stop block closing part, a step is formed between the stop block oil passing part and the stop block closing part, the stop block oil passing part of the stop block is positioned in the small cavity, the stop block closing part of the stop block is positioned in the large cavity, and the step of the stop block can be blocked at the step of the stop block oil pushing cavity;
the adjusting screw is screwed to the limit position, the compression spring is fully compressed, the rodless cavity oil duct is disconnected, and the loading oil cylinder is a closed impact loading oil cylinder; the adjusting screw is screwed to a non-limiting position, high-pressure oil in the rodless cavity pushes the stop block to move through the pilot oil duct, the rodless cavity oil duct is opened, and the loading oil cylinder is a non-closed impact loading oil cylinder.
2. The loading punch for rock drill testing according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device comprises a water-cooled jacket, the water-cooled jacket is sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder barrel, a cooling cavity is formed between the water-cooled jacket and the cylinder barrel, and a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the water-cooled jacket.
3. The loading punch for rock drill testing according to claim 2, wherein two annular grooves are respectively arranged on the front cylinder cover and the rear cylinder cover, and two ends of the cylinder barrel and the water cooling jacket are respectively inserted into the annular grooves of the front cylinder cover and the rear cylinder cover.
4. A loading punch for rock drill testing according to claim 3, wherein the tie rod has external threads at both ends thereof, and the external threads of the tie rod are locked with a primary lock nut after the both ends of the tie rod pass through the front cylinder head and the rear cylinder head, respectively.
5. The loading punch for rock drill testing according to claim 4, wherein a front mounting seat is provided on a side of the front cylinder cover away from the cylinder barrel, and after one end of the pull rod passes through the front mounting seat, an external thread of the pull rod is locked with a secondary lock nut;
the rear cylinder cover is far away from one side of the cylinder barrel and is provided with a rear mounting seat, and after the other end of the pull rod passes through the rear mounting seat, the external thread of the pull rod is locked with a secondary locking nut.
6. The load punch for rock drill testing of claim 5, wherein the rear cylinder head is provided with an axial through hole, a bottom locking bolt passes through the axial through hole and is screwed into the base, and the front mounting seat and the rear mounting seat are both connected to the base by mounting bolts.
7. The load punch for rock drill testing according to claim 2, wherein the outer wall of the cylinder adopts a semicircular spiral structure, and a cooling cavity is formed between the outer wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the water jacket.
8. A loading punch for rock drill testing according to claim 2, wherein the cooling chamber formed between the cylinder and the water jacket is sealed with a sealing ring.
9. The loading punch for rock drill testing according to claim 1, wherein a loading valve relief oil passage is provided on the rear cylinder head that communicates the block oil pushing chamber and the rodless chamber oil passage.
10. A loading punch for rock drill testing according to claim 1, wherein the piston rod is an integral piston rod.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311001861.7A CN116816763B (en) | 2023-08-09 | 2023-08-09 | Loading impact device for rock drill test |
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| CN202311001861.7A CN116816763B (en) | 2023-08-09 | 2023-08-09 | Loading impact device for rock drill test |
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| CN116816763B true CN116816763B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| DE19904111A1 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 1999-11-18 | Liebherr Werk Bischofshofen | Piston damping system |
| CN103352895A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-16 | 山河智能装备股份有限公司 | Hydraulic impacter |
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| CN214247203U (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-09-21 | 山东天瑞重工有限公司 | Adjustable support for high-speed rock drilling percussion drill |
| CN115356141A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2022-11-18 | 北京科技大学 | Impact performance testing system and method for hydraulic rock drill |
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| EP1182422B1 (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2007-11-21 | Cameron International Corporation | Linear actuator |
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| DE19904111A1 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 1999-11-18 | Liebherr Werk Bischofshofen | Piston damping system |
| CN103352895A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-16 | 山河智能装备股份有限公司 | Hydraulic impacter |
| CN106907369A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-06-30 | 雷沃重工股份有限公司 | Agricultural machinery lift cylinder |
| CN110132563A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-16 | 宁波力品格自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of testing agency of air spring piston bar assembly |
| CN214247203U (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-09-21 | 山东天瑞重工有限公司 | Adjustable support for high-speed rock drilling percussion drill |
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