CN116816552B - An on-board ammonia cracking hydrogen production system for an ammonia engine and its thermal management method - Google Patents
An on-board ammonia cracking hydrogen production system for an ammonia engine and its thermal management methodInfo
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- CN116816552B CN116816552B CN202310783928.0A CN202310783928A CN116816552B CN 116816552 B CN116816552 B CN 116816552B CN 202310783928 A CN202310783928 A CN 202310783928A CN 116816552 B CN116816552 B CN 116816552B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0206—Non-hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0227—Means to treat or clean gaseous fuels or fuel systems, e.g. removal of tar, cracking, reforming or enriching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
本申请涉及一种氨发动机的车载氨裂解制氢系统及其热管理方法，其包括液氨存储罐、液氨气化预热罐、氢气发生管路、裂解气存储管路、氨氢气道预混管、氨氧化器产热管路、空气输送管路和尾气输送管路；氨氧化器产热管路的热量不仅仅为氨气裂解提供热量，还对氨裂解所需的氨气进行预热；对氨氧化器产热管路所需的氨气进行预热，以及配合发动机的尾气热量对后处理系统联合供热；根据发动机使用工况调整氨气量和空气量供给量的摩尔比，以改变氨氧化器产热管路放热量，并以最为合适的反应式进行反应，避免尾气污染物生成；同时分配管理以氨氧化器产热管路为核心的热量。
This application relates to an on-board ammonia cracking hydrogen production system for an ammonia engine and its thermal management method, which includes a liquid ammonia storage tank, a liquid ammonia vaporization preheating tank, a hydrogen generation pipeline, a cracked gas storage pipeline, an ammonia-hydrogen premixing pipeline, an ammonia oxidizer heat generation pipeline, an air delivery pipeline, and an exhaust gas delivery pipeline. The heat generated by the ammonia oxidizer not only provides heat for ammonia cracking but also preheats the ammonia required for cracking. The ammonia required for the ammonia oxidizer heat generation pipeline is preheated and used in conjunction with the exhaust gas heat from the engine to provide combined heating for the aftertreatment system. The molar ratio of ammonia and air supply is adjusted according to the engine operating conditions to change the heat release of the ammonia oxidizer heat generation pipeline and to carry out the reaction in the most suitable manner to avoid the generation of exhaust pollutants. At the same time, the heat is distributed and managed with the ammonia oxidizer heat generation pipeline as the core.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of energy conservation and new energy automobiles, in particular to a vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of an ammonia engine and a thermal management method thereof.
Background
Fuel systems for ammonia-fueled compression ignition engines are divided into:
a) The mode is that ammonia and diesel are mixed for combustion, and hydrogen is not needed.
B) The mode comprises the steps of mixing and burning ammonia and hydrogen, wherein the ammonia source is a vehicle-mounted liquid ammonia storage tank, and the hydrogen source is a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage tank and a vehicle-mounted ammonia pyrolysis hydrogen production system.
As a reverse reaction for synthesizing ammonia, thermal cracking of ammonia belongs to an endothermic reaction, and under certain conditions, the conversion rate of ammonia is thermodynamically limited. The thermodynamic equilibrium conversion rate of ammonia cracking reaction is above 99% at 450 ℃, but the on-board cracking to achieve 99% conversion can only raise the reaction environment temperature to 600 ℃ based on the reaction kinetics limitation in the practical environment under the condition of configuring the catalyst. And in consideration of heat loss in the heat exchange process, the temperature of hot flue gas serving as a heat source of the ammonia cracking reaction environment is required to be above 650 ℃.
The hot flue gas in the prior art is derived from:
1) The exhaust pipe exhaust gas is hot, and the defect is that the exhaust pipe exhaust gas temperature is low, and the exhaust gas temperature can not reach 650 ℃ under most working conditions;
2) The electric heating has the advantages of simple control, low heating power density and high cost;
3) The ammoxidation reactor generates heat, has the advantages of high heat power density and difficult control of heat output, and the reaction generates NOx and N2O to deteriorate the emission of the whole vehicle.
Therefore, aiming at the defects of the hot flue gas sources, the thermal management method of the ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of the ammonia internal combustion engine is provided, and the thermal management problem taking an ammonia oxidation reactor as a core can be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of an ammonia engine and a thermal management method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the heat generated by an ammonia oxidation reactor is difficult to control, and the exhaust emission of the whole vehicle is deteriorated due to the reaction of NOx and N2O.
In a first aspect, there is provided an on-board ammonia cracking hydrogen production system for an ammonia engine, comprising:
The device comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank, a liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank, a first ammonia conveying pipe, a second ammonia conveying pipe, a third ammonia conveying pipe and a fourth ammonia conveying pipe, wherein the liquid ammonia storage tank and the liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank are sequentially connected;
The gas inlet end of the hydrogen generation pipeline is connected with the first ammonia conveying pipe, and the gas outlet end of the hydrogen generation pipeline is connected with an ammonia-hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe through a pyrolysis gas storage pipeline;
The ammonia oxidizer heat production pipeline is connected with the third ammonia conveying pipe and is used for supplying heat to the hydrogen generation pipeline, and the ammonia oxidizer heat production pipeline is connected with a first hot hydrogen oxidation pipeline and a second hot hydrogen oxidation pipeline;
An air delivery line for providing oxygen to the ammonia hydrogen channel premix tube and the ammonia oxidizer heat generating line and controlling an oxygen delivery amount;
The tail gas conveying pipeline comprises a first tail gas branch and a second tail gas branch, wherein the second tail gas branch is used for preheating ammonia of the third ammonia conveying pipe, the first tail gas branch is used for being connected with an air inlet of a tail gas aftertreatment system, and the second hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline and the fourth ammonia conveying pipe are also used for being connected with the air inlet of the tail gas aftertreatment system.
In some embodiments, the liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank comprises a primary preheating chamber and a secondary preheating chamber which are communicated;
the first-stage preheating chamber is communicated with the second tail gas branch and is connected with the third ammonia conveying pipe and the second ammonia conveying pipe;
the second-stage preheating chamber is connected with a first ammonia conveying pipe and a fourth ammonia conveying pipe, and the first hot hydrogen oxidation gas pipeline is communicated with the second-stage preheating chamber.
In some embodiments, the hydrogen generation pipeline comprises a first stop valve, an ammonia cracker, a cracked gas collecting pipe and a second stop valve which are connected in sequence;
The heat production pipeline of the ammonia oxidizer comprises a third stop valve, the ammonia oxidizer and an air outlet pipe which are sequentially connected, and heat exchange is carried out between the ammonia oxidizer and the ammonia cracker through a heat exchanger.
In some embodiments, the cracked gas storage line includes a mixed gas buffer tank, a hydrogen flow meter, and a sixth shut-off valve connected in sequence.
In some embodiments, the air delivery pipeline comprises a first air branch and a second air branch, wherein the first air branch is communicated with the ammonia-hydrogen channel premixing pipe, and the second air branch is communicated with the third ammonia conveying pipe through an air compression pump.
In some embodiments, the exhaust gas delivery conduit further comprises a third exhaust gas branch in communication with the first air branch through a seventh shut-off valve.
In a second aspect, a method for thermal management of an on-board ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of an ammonia engine is provided, comprising the steps of:
Acquiring the type of heat supply requirements of a vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system to obtain a corresponding control strategy;
in response to the control strategy, ammonia and oxygen supply is controlled.
In some embodiments, when the heating demand is an engine cold start condition, the control strategy is:
Controlling the supply quantity of the third ammonia conveying pipe and the oxygen supply quantity of the air conveying pipeline according to a first air distribution strategy so as to ensure that the heat quantity of the heat production pipeline of the ammonia oxidizer meets the heat quantity required by ammonia cracking of the hydrogen generation pipeline, the ignition heat quantity of an SCR catalyst for cold starting of an engine and the heat quantity required by preheating the ammonia of the first ammonia conveying pipe;
the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generation pipeline is conveyed to the ammonia-hydrogen channel premixing pipe by utilizing the pyrolysis gas storage pipeline so as to ignite the ammonia gas conveyed to the second ammonia conveying pipe, and the ignition of the engine is completed; and meanwhile, the tail gas heat of the second tail gas branch circuit preheats the ammonia gas of the third ammonia conveying pipe.
In some embodiments, when the heating demand is an engine steady state operating condition, the control strategy is:
and controlling the supply quantity of the third ammonia conveying pipe and the oxygen supply quantity of the air conveying pipeline according to a gas distribution strategy II so as to ensure that the heat generation quantity of the heat generation pipeline of the ammonia oxidizer and the tail gas heat quantity of the first tail gas branch are used for supplying heat to the tail gas post-treatment system in a combined way, and meanwhile, the tail gas heat quantity of the second tail gas branch is used for preheating the ammonia gas of the third ammonia conveying pipe.
In some embodiments, when the heating demand is an engine high load condition, the control strategy is:
Controlling the supply quantity of the third ammonia conveying pipe and the oxygen supply quantity of the air conveying pipeline according to a gas distribution strategy III so as to ensure that the heat generation quantity of the heat generation pipeline of the ammonia oxidizer meets the heat required by ammonia cracking of the hydrogen generation pipeline, preheating the ammonia of the first ammonia conveying pipe and the heat required by the second hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline;
the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generating pipeline is conveyed to the ammonia-hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe by the pyrolysis gas storage pipeline to ignite ammonia conveyed to the second ammonia conveying pipe, meanwhile, the ammonia of the third ammonia conveying pipe is preheated by the tail gas heat of the second tail gas branch pipeline, and the tail gas heat of the first tail gas branch pipeline and the heat of the second hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline supply heat to the tail gas post-treatment system in a combined mode.
The technical scheme provided by the application has the beneficial effects that:
The embodiment of the application provides a vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of an ammonia engine and a thermal management method thereof, wherein the air outlet end of an ammonia gasification preheating tank is connected with a first ammonia conveying pipe, a second ammonia conveying pipe, a third ammonia conveying pipe and a fourth ammonia conveying pipe; the system comprises a first ammonia conveying pipe, a second ammonia conveying pipe, a first tail gas branch and a second tail gas branch, wherein an air inlet end of the first ammonia conveying pipe is connected with the first ammonia conveying pipe, an air outlet end of the first ammonia conveying pipe is connected with the ammonia hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe through a pyrolysis gas storage pipe, the ammonia hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe is also connected with the second ammonia conveying pipe, an ammonia oxidizer heat generating pipe is connected with the third ammonia conveying pipe and is used for supplying heat to the hydrogen generating pipe, the ammonia oxidizer heat generating pipe is connected with a first hot hydrogen oxidizing gas pipe and a second hot hydrogen oxidizing gas pipe, the first hot hydrogen oxidizing gas pipe is used for preheating ammonia of the first ammonia conveying pipe, the air conveying pipe is used for supplying oxygen to the ammonia hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe and the ammonia oxidizer heat generating pipe and controlling oxygen conveying amount, the first tail gas branch and the second tail gas branch of the tail gas conveying pipe are used for preheating ammonia of the third ammonia conveying pipe, the first tail gas branch and the tail gas branch is connected with an air inlet of a tail gas aftertreatment system, and the air inlet of the tail gas aftertreatment system is also connected with the second hot hydrogen oxidizing gas pipe and the fourth ammonia conveying pipe.
Through the above pipeline design, the heat of the heat production pipeline of the ammonia oxidizer not only provides heat for ammonia cracking, but also preheats ammonia required by ammonia cracking, preheats ammonia required by the ammonia oxidizer, and supplies heat to the post-treatment system in a combined way by matching with the tail gas heat of the engine, the above heat management mode selectively operates according to different engine use conditions, and simultaneously, the heat release amount is determined by adjusting the mole ratio of the ammonia amount and the air amount according to different engine use conditions through the third ammonia conveying pipe and the air conveying pipeline in the operation process, so as to react in a most proper reaction mode, and avoid the generation of tail gas pollutant N2O.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of an ammonia engine according to an embodiment of the application.
The device comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank, a liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank, a first ammonia conveying pipe, a 4-pyrolysis gas storage pipeline, a 5-second ammonia conveying pipe, a 6-third ammonia conveying pipe, a 7-fourth ammonia conveying pipe, a 8-hydrogen generating pipeline, a 9-ammonia oxidizer heat generating pipeline, a 10-first hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline, a 11-second hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline, a 12-ammonia hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe, a 13-first tail gas branch, a 14-second tail gas branch, a 15-first air branch, a 16-second air branch, a 17-first stop valve, a 18-second stop valve, a 19-third stop valve, a 20-sixth stop valve, a 21-seventh stop valve, a 22-fourth stop valve, a 23-ammonia cracker, a 24-ammonia oxidizer and a 25-fifth stop valve.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The embodiment of the application provides a vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of an ammonia engine and a thermal management method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the heat generated by an ammonia oxidation reactor is difficult to control, and the exhaust emission of the whole vehicle is deteriorated due to the reaction of NOx and N2O.
Referring to fig. 1, a vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of an ammonia engine comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank 1, a liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank 2, a hydrogen generation pipeline 8, a cracking gas storage pipeline 4, an ammonia-hydrogen channel premixing pipe 12, an ammonia oxidizer heat production pipeline 9, an air conveying pipeline and a tail gas conveying pipeline.
Wherein, the gas outlet end of the liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank 2 is connected with a first ammonia conveying pipe 3, a second ammonia conveying pipe 5, a third ammonia conveying pipe 6 and a fourth ammonia conveying pipe 7.
The air inlet end of the hydrogen generation pipeline 8 is connected with the first ammonia conveying pipe 3, the air outlet end is connected with the ammonia-hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe 12 through the pyrolysis gas storage pipeline 4, the ammonia-hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe 12 is also connected with the second ammonia conveying pipe 5, the second ammonia conveying pipe 5 is connected with the ammonia-hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe 12 through an ammonia flow sensor and an eighth stop valve, and the ammonia-hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe 12 is connected with an air inlet manifold of an engine.
The air inlet end of the ammonia oxidizer heat production pipeline 9 is connected with the third ammonia conveying pipe 6 and is used for supplying heat to the hydrogen generation pipeline 8, and the air outlet end of the ammonia oxidizer heat production pipeline 9 is connected with a first hot hydrogen oxidation pipeline 10 and a second hot hydrogen oxidation pipeline 11, wherein the first hot hydrogen oxidation pipeline 10 is used for preheating ammonia of the first ammonia conveying pipe 3;
An air delivery line for supplying oxygen to the ammonia hydrogen channel premix tube 12 and the air inlet end of the ammonia oxidizer heat generating line 9 and controlling the oxygen delivery amount;
The tail gas conveying pipeline is a tail gas exhaust pipeline of an engine, the tail gas conveying pipeline comprises a first tail gas branch 13 and a second tail gas branch 14, the second tail gas branch 14 is used for preheating ammonia gas of the third ammonia conveying pipe 6 to reach 550 ℃ for cracking of the hydrogen generating pipeline 8, the first tail gas branch 13 is used for being connected with an air inlet of a tail gas aftertreatment system, and the second hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline 11 and the fourth ammonia conveying pipe 7 are also used for being connected with an air inlet of the tail gas aftertreatment system. The ammonia reducer of the tail gas aftertreatment system is provided by gasifying the liquid ammonia output by the fourth ammonia conveying pipe 7, and can replace the urea system function of the original aftertreatment system.
The heat of the ammonia oxidizer heat production pipeline 9 not only provides heat for ammonia pyrolysis, but also preheats ammonia required by the ammonia pyrolysis so as to quickly react, preheats the ammonia required by the ammonia oxidizer heat production pipeline 9, and supplies heat to the post-treatment system in a combined way by matching with the tail gas heat of the engine so as to replace the DOC unit function of the original post-treatment system.
Wherein, it should be understood that the above molar ratio of ammonia gas and oxygen gas air is adjusted to change the chemical reaction formula of the working condition reaction to avoid the generation of tail gas pollutant N 2 O, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
Reaction formula one (1) NH 3+0.75O2→0.5N2+1.5H2O;ΔH＝-2.26×105jmoleNH3 reaction formula two (2) NH 3+O2→0.5N2O+1.5H2O;ΔH＝-2.76×105jmoleNH3
Reactive tri (3) NH 3+1.25O2→NO+1.5H2O;ΔH＝-3.17×105jmoleNH3
Reactive tetra (4) NH 3+1.75O2→NO2+1.5H2O;ΔH＝-2.83×105jmoleNH3
Namely, the ammonia reaction type of the heat production pipeline 9 of the ammonia oxidizer is prevented from running in the reaction type II by controlling the feeding amount mol of ammonia and oxygen air, so that the generation of tail gas pollutant N 2 O is prevented.
In some preferred embodiments, the following arrangement is made for the structure of the liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank 2:
The liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank 2 comprises a first-stage preheating chamber and a second-stage preheating chamber which are communicated, wherein the first-stage preheating chamber is communicated with a second tail gas branch 14 and is connected with a third ammonia conveying pipe 6 and a second ammonia conveying pipe 5 to carry out first-stage preheating on ammonia in the first-stage preheating chamber to reach an ammonia oxidation initiation temperature point of 150 ℃ for use by an ammonia oxidizer heat production pipeline 9, the second-stage preheating chamber is connected with a first ammonia conveying pipe 3 and a fourth ammonia conveying pipe 7, and a first hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline 10 is communicated with the second-stage preheating chamber and is used for carrying out preheating on the ammonia of the third ammonia conveying pipe 6 to reach 550 ℃.
In some preferred embodiments, the structures of the hydrogen generating line 8 and the ammoxidation heat generating line 9 will be described in detail:
The hydrogen generation pipeline 8 comprises a first stop valve 17, an ammonia cracker 23, a cracked gas collecting pipe and a second stop valve 18 which are connected in sequence;
The heat production pipeline 9 of the ammonia oxidizer comprises a third stop valve 19, an ammonia oxidizer 24 and an air outlet pipe which are connected in sequence, wherein heat exchange is carried out between the ammonia oxidizer 24 and the ammonia cracker 23 through a heat exchanger;
the ammonia gas of the inner runner of the ammonia cracker 23 and the ammonia oxidation hot flue gas of the outer runner of the ammonia oxidizer 24 are subjected to heat exchange efficiency calibration, and the ammonia gas supply amount of the ammonia cracker 23 is matched with the cracking hydrogen production amount, namely, after the catalyst and the heat exchanger selection of the ammonia cracker 23 are determined, the corresponding relationship between the ammonia gas supply amount and the cracking hydrogen production amount is calibrated through a test.
Further, the pyrolysis gas storage pipeline 4 comprises a mixed gas buffer tank, a hydrogen flowmeter and a sixth stop valve 20 which are sequentially connected, the air conveying pipeline comprises a first air branch 15 and a second air branch 16, the first air branch 15 is communicated with the ammonia-hydrogen channel premixing pipe 12, the second air branch 16 is communicated with the third ammonia conveying pipe 6 through an air compression pump, the tail gas conveying pipeline further comprises a third tail gas branch, and the third tail gas branch is communicated with the first air branch 15 through a seventh stop valve 21. The second hot hydrogen oxidation gas line 11 comprises a first conduit and a fourth shut-off valve 22 and the second tail gas branch 14 comprises a second conduit and a fifth shut-off valve 25.
The molar ratio of the ammonia gas to the oxygen gas is controlled by an air compressing pump, the ammonia gas supply is controlled by the ammonia injector of the corresponding ammonia conveying pipe, and the first ammonia conveying pipe 3, the second ammonia conveying pipe 5, the third ammonia conveying pipe 6 and the fourth ammonia conveying pipe 7 are respectively provided with the corresponding ammonia injectors.
The application also provides a thermal management method of the vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of the ammonia engine, which comprises the following steps:
S01, acquiring a heat supply demand type of a vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system to obtain a corresponding control strategy;
s02, controlling the supply amount of ammonia and oxygen in response to a control strategy, wherein the specific explanation is as follows:
S020, when the heat supply requirement is the cold start working condition of the engine, the control strategy is as follows:
the supply quantity of the third ammonia conveying pipe 6 and the oxygen supply quantity of the air conveying pipeline are controlled according to a first air distribution strategy, so that the heat quantity generated by the heat generating pipeline 9 of the ammonia oxidizer meets the heat quantity required by ammonia cracking of the hydrogen generating pipeline 8, the engine is started to start the SCR catalyst to generate combustion heat, and the ammonia of the first ammonia conveying pipe 3 is preheated, and the first air distribution strategy is a first reaction type.
The hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generating pipeline 8 is conveyed to the ammonia-hydrogen channel premixing pipe 12 by the pyrolysis gas storage pipeline 4 to ignite the ammonia gas conveyed by the second ammonia conveying pipe 5 to finish engine ignition, and meanwhile, the ammonia gas of the third ammonia conveying pipe 6 is preheated by the tail gas heat of the second tail gas branch 14.
S021, when the heat supply requirement is the steady-state working condition of the engine, the control strategy is as follows:
The supply quantity of the third ammonia conveying pipe 6 and the oxygen supply quantity of the air conveying pipeline are controlled according to a gas distribution strategy II, so that the heat generation quantity of the heat generation pipeline 9 of the ammonia oxidizer and the tail gas heat quantity of the first tail gas branch 13 supply heat for the tail gas post-treatment system in a combined mode, and meanwhile the tail gas heat quantity of the second tail gas branch 14 preheats the ammonia of the third ammonia conveying pipe 6. The second air distribution strategy is a reaction type IV.
S022, when the heat supply requirement is the high-load working condition of the engine, the control strategy is as follows:
the supply quantity of the third ammonia conveying pipe 6 and the oxygen supply quantity of the air conveying pipeline are controlled according to a gas distribution strategy III, so that the heat generation quantity of the heat generation pipeline 9 of the ammonia oxidizer meets the heat required by ammonia cracking of the hydrogen generation pipeline 8, and the heat required by preheating the ammonia of the first ammonia conveying pipe 3 and the heat required by the second hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline 11;
The hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generating pipeline 8 is conveyed to the ammonia-hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe 12 by the pyrolysis gas storage pipeline 4 to ignite ammonia conveyed by the second ammonia conveying pipe 5, meanwhile, the ammonia of the third ammonia conveying pipe 6 is preheated by the tail gas heat of the second tail gas branch pipeline 14, and the tail gas heat of the first tail gas branch pipeline 13 and the heat of the second hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline 11 are used for supplying heat to the tail gas aftertreatment system in a combined way, so that the DOC unit function of the original aftertreatment system can be replaced.
By the above structural arrangement and the heat management mode, the vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of the ammonia engine is provided with the following heat distribution parts:
The first part is that the liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank 2 absorbs heat, and the absorbed heat is from the second tail gas branch 14 and the first hot hydrogen oxidation pipeline 10.
The second part is the gas distribution and heat release of the heat production pipeline 9 of the ammonia oxidizer, the first ammonia conveying pipe 3 and the second air branch 16 are utilized to provide ammonia and oxygen, the ammonia and the oxygen react with each other to release heat, and the released heat participates in the ammonia pyrolysis of the hydrogen generation pipeline 8 and is transmitted to the tail gas aftertreatment system and the liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank 2.
And the third part, namely the hydrogen generation pipeline 8 absorbs heat to crack ammonia gas to form hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen gas and the ammonia gas participate in the electric fire of the engine and the high-load movement of the engine.
And the fourth part, namely the tail gas after-treatment system absorbs heat of the first tail gas branch 13 and the second hot hydrogen oxidation pipeline 11.
In summary, the problem of thermal management with the ammonia oxidizer as a core can be solved, and meanwhile, the ammonia reaction type of the ammonia oxidizer heat generating pipeline 9 can be prevented from running in the reaction type II, so that the generation of tail gas pollutant N 2 O is avoided.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, or indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or may be in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
It should be noted that in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks. In one typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory. The memory may include volatile memory in a computer-readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory, etc., such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data.
Examples of storage media for a computer include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. Computer-readable media, as defined herein, does not include transitory computer-readable media (transmission media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves. It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the application to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of an ammonia engine, comprising:
The device comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank (1) and a liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank (2) which are sequentially connected, wherein an air outlet end of the liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank (2) is connected with a first ammonia conveying pipe (3), a second ammonia conveying pipe (5), a third ammonia conveying pipe (6) and a fourth ammonia conveying pipe (7), the liquid ammonia gasification preheating tank (2) comprises a primary preheating chamber and a secondary preheating chamber which are communicated, the primary preheating chamber is communicated with a second tail gas branch (14) and is connected with the third ammonia conveying pipe (6) and the second ammonia conveying pipe (5), the secondary preheating chamber is connected with the first ammonia conveying pipe (3) and the fourth ammonia conveying pipe (7), and a first hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline (10) is communicated with the secondary preheating chamber;
The hydrogen generation pipeline (8) is connected with the first ammonia conveying pipe (3) at the air inlet end, and is connected with the ammonia-hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe (12) through the pyrolysis gas storage pipeline (4) at the air outlet end, wherein the ammonia-hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe (12) is also connected with the second ammonia conveying pipe (5);
The ammonia oxidizer heat generation pipeline (9) is connected with the third ammonia conveying pipe (6) and is used for supplying heat to the hydrogen generation pipeline (8), the ammonia oxidizer heat generation pipeline (9) is connected with a first hot hydrogen oxidation pipeline (10) and a second hot hydrogen oxidation pipeline (11), the first hot hydrogen oxidation pipeline (10) is used for preheating ammonia of the first ammonia conveying pipe (3), the hydrogen generation pipeline (8) comprises a first stop valve (17), an ammonia cracker (23), a pyrolysis gas collecting pipe and a second stop valve (18) which are sequentially connected, the ammonia oxidizer heat generation pipeline (9) comprises a third stop valve (19), an ammonia oxidizer (24) and an air outlet pipe which are sequentially connected, and heat exchange is performed between the ammonia oxidizer (24) and the ammonia cracker (23) through a heat exchanger;
An air delivery line for supplying oxygen to the ammonia hydrogen channel premix tube (12) and the ammonia oxidizer heat generating line (9) and controlling an oxygen delivery amount;
The tail gas conveying pipeline comprises a first tail gas branch pipeline (13) and a second tail gas branch pipeline (14), wherein the second tail gas branch pipeline (14) is used for preheating ammonia gas of the third ammonia conveying pipe (6), the first tail gas branch pipeline (13) is used for being connected with an air inlet of a tail gas aftertreatment system, and the second hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline (11) and the fourth ammonia conveying pipe (7) are also used for being connected with the air inlet of the tail gas aftertreatment system.
2. The on-board ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of the ammonia engine of claim 1, wherein:
The pyrolysis gas storage pipeline (4) comprises a mixed gas buffer tank, a hydrogen flowmeter and a sixth stop valve (20) which are connected in sequence.
3. The on-board ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of the ammonia engine of claim 1, wherein:
the air conveying pipeline comprises a first air branch (15) and a second air branch (16), the first air branch (15) is communicated with the ammonia-hydrogen channel premixing pipe (12), and the second air branch (16) is communicated with the third ammonia conveying pipe (6) through an air compression pump.
4. A vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of an ammonia engine as defined in claim 3, wherein:
the tail gas conveying pipeline further comprises a third tail gas branch, and the third tail gas branch is communicated with the first air branch (15) through a seventh stop valve (21).
5. A method of thermal management of an on-board ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of an ammonia engine as recited in claim 1, wherein:
Acquiring the type of heat supply requirements of a vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system to obtain a corresponding control strategy;
Controlling ammonia and oxygen supply in response to the control strategy;
When the heat supply requirement is the cold start working condition of the engine, the control strategy is as follows:
controlling the supply quantity of the third ammonia conveying pipe (6) and the oxygen supply quantity of the air conveying pipeline according to a first air distribution strategy, so that the heat quantity generated by a heat generating pipeline (9) of the ammonia oxidizer meets the heat quantity required by ammonia cracking of a hydrogen generating pipeline (8), and the heat quantity required by cold starting of an SCR catalyst for ignition of an engine and preheating of ammonia of the first ammonia conveying pipe (3);
The hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generation pipeline (8) is conveyed to the ammonia-hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe (12) by utilizing the pyrolysis gas storage pipeline (4) so as to ignite the ammonia gas conveyed by the second ammonia conveying pipe (5) to finish the ignition of the engine, and meanwhile, the ammonia gas of the third ammonia conveying pipe (6) is preheated by the tail gas heat of the second tail gas branch (14);
when the heat supply requirement is the steady-state working condition of the engine, the control strategy is as follows:
and controlling the supply quantity of the third ammonia conveying pipe (6) and the oxygen supply quantity of the air conveying pipeline according to a gas distribution strategy II so as to ensure that the heat generated by the heat generating pipeline (9) of the ammonia oxidizer and the tail gas heat of the first tail gas branch (13) supply heat to the tail gas post-treatment system in a combined way, and simultaneously, the tail gas heat of the second tail gas branch (14) preheats the ammonia of the third ammonia conveying pipe (6).
6. A method of thermal management of an on-board ammonia-cracking hydrogen production system of an ammonia engine as recited in claim 5, further comprising the steps of:
When the heat supply requirement is the high-load working condition of the engine, the control strategy is as follows:
Controlling the supply quantity of the third ammonia conveying pipe (6) and the oxygen supply quantity of the air conveying pipeline according to a gas distribution strategy III so as to ensure that the heat generation quantity of the heat generation pipeline (9) of the ammonia oxidizer meets the heat required by ammonia cracking of the hydrogen generation pipeline (8), the heat required by preheating the ammonia of the first ammonia conveying pipe (3) and the heat required by the second hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline (11);
The hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generation pipeline (8) is conveyed to the ammonia-hydrogen pipeline premixing pipe (12) by utilizing the pyrolysis gas storage pipeline (4) so as to ignite ammonia conveyed by the second ammonia conveying pipe (5), meanwhile, the ammonia of the third ammonia conveying pipe (6) is preheated by tail gas heat of the second tail gas branch pipeline (14), and the tail gas heat of the first tail gas branch pipeline (13) and the heat of the second hydrogen oxidation hot gas pipeline (11) supply heat for a tail gas aftertreatment system in a combined mode.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310783928.0A CN116816552B (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | An on-board ammonia cracking hydrogen production system for an ammonia engine and its thermal management method |
| PCT/CN2023/125548 WO2025000756A1 (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-10-20 | Vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of ammonia engine, and thermal management method therefor |
| DE112023005482.7T DE112023005482T5 (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-10-20 | Vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen generation system of an ammonia engine and associated thermal management process |
| GBGB2508734.7A GB202508734D0 (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-10-20 | Vehicle-mounted ammonia cracking hydrogen production system of ammonia engine, and thermal management method therefor |
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| CN202310783928.0A CN116816552B (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | An on-board ammonia cracking hydrogen production system for an ammonia engine and its thermal management method |
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| CN117536741B (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-04-19 | 佛山仙湖实验室 | Ammonia internal combustion engine fuel servicing system and method of use |
| CN118775111B (en) * | 2024-07-26 | 2025-12-12 | 东风商用车有限公司 | A multi-heat-source ammonia cracking system and vehicle |
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| CN115092883A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-09-23 | 北京工业大学 | Ammonia cracking separation purification device based on internal combustion engine waste heat utilization and control method |
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| US8691182B2 (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2014-04-08 | Shawn Grannell | Ammonia flame cracker system, method and apparatus |
| NO343554B1 (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2019-04-01 | Lars Harald Heggen | Zero discharge propulsion system and ammonia fuel generating system |
| EP4151839A1 (en) * | 2021-09-20 | 2023-03-22 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Method and system for producing a fuel for driving a gas turbine |
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| CN115199442B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2023-07-25 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | Engine system based on plasma-assisted ammonia combustion and ammonia catalytic cracking |
| CN115353070B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-07-14 | 佛山阿莫尼亚科技有限公司 | Ammonia cracking hydrogen production device, system and method |
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| CN115092883A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-09-23 | 北京工业大学 | Ammonia cracking separation purification device based on internal combustion engine waste heat utilization and control method |
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| DE112023005482T5 (en) | 2025-12-18 |
| GB202508734D0 (en) | 2025-07-16 |
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| CN116816552A (en) | 2023-09-29 |
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