CN116804666B - Flue gas analysis method based on multi-channel acquisition system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas sampling, in particular to a flue gas analysis method based on a multi-channel acquisition system. The flue gas analysis method based on the multi-path acquisition system comprises the following steps: and constructing a space coordinate system, and placing the monitoring area of the multi-path acquisition system in the space coordinate system. And acquiring the smoke parameter values and the coordinate values thereof acquired by the multi-channel acquisition system. And obtaining the primary pollution concentration and secondary pollution concentration conversion rate of each smoke component through smoke parameter value calculation. And calculating the target coordinates to obtain the primary pollution risk value and the secondary pollution risk value of each smoke component. And evaluating the total dangerous value of the target coordinates, judging whether the total dangerous value is larger than a preset dangerous standard value, if so, sending an alarm signal, and if not, not sending the signal. And binding the evaluation results to each target coordinate to form multidimensional data. By evaluating each smoke pollution component of each target, the evaluation capability is strong, and the comprehensive coordinate display can be performed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas sampling, in particular to a flue gas analysis method based on a multi-channel acquisition system.
Background
Smoke is a mixture of gas and smoke dust, and is a main cause of pollution to the atmosphere of residential areas. The smoke has complex components, and the gas comprises water vapor and SO 2 、N 2 、O 2 、CO、CO 2 Hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides, etc., and the soot includes ash, coal particles, oil droplets, and pyrolysis products of the fuelEtc. Therefore, the pollution of the flue gas to the environment is the combined pollution of various poisons. The harm of the smoke dust to the human body is related to the size of particles, and most of the dust harmful to the human body is the fly ash with the diameter smaller than 10 microns, and especially the fly ash with the diameter of 1-2.5 microns is the largest.
The harm of smoke to the human body depends on the one hand on the composition, concentration, duration and site of action of the contaminating substances and on the other hand on the sensitivity of the human body. High smoke concentration can cause acute poisoning, which is manifested by cough, pharyngalgia, chest distress, asthma, headache, eye stinging, etc., and severe cases can die. Most commonly chronic poisoning, which causes irritation of the respiratory mucosa leading to chronic bronchitis, etc.
There is not enough information to suggest the combined effect of various harmful components in automotive exhaust on human and other mammalian health hazards, and the hazard is assessed by means of the toxic effects of the individual components. Carbon monoxide loses oxygen carrying function mainly by binding with hemoglobin, and can cause death in severe cases. The nitroxide compound stimulates the respiratory mucosa after inhalation, causing pneumonia. The carbon oxide compound is mainly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, has cancerogenic action, can stimulate skin and mucous membrane, especially can form photochemical smog with nitrogen oxide compound, has stronger irritation and can endanger life for serious people.
Currently, methods for monitoring and analyzing flue gas pollutants include the use of portable flue gas analyzers and online continuous flue gas analyzers. The flue gas analyzer can analyze the emission of various pollutants specified by national standards in the flue gas, including sulfur dioxide (SO) 2 ) Nitrogen Oxides (NO) x ) Etc. An on-line smoke analyzer, also called CEMS or smoke pollution source continuous monitor. Unlike portable fume analyzer, it analyzes fume components continuously, the sampling probe is installed permanently and the instrument is fixed permanently. The existing detection method only can evaluate detection points, does not consider the influence of surrounding environment, the flue gas does not only have influence on one position point, the flue gas is a diffusion dynamic process, and the existing analysis method has poor evaluation capability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a smoke analysis method based on a multi-channel acquisition system, which is used for analyzing smoke data acquired by the multi-channel acquisition system, and the smoke analysis method based on the multi-channel acquisition system comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a space coordinate system, and placing the monitoring area of the multi-path acquisition system in the space coordinate system.
S2, acquiring a smoke parameter value and a coordinate value P thereof acquired by the multi-path acquisition system m (x m ，y m ，z m ) M is the number of the detection point.
S3, obtaining the primary pollution concentration C of each smoke component through smoke parameter value calculation i 0 And secondary pollution concentration conversion rate C i 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the concentration conversion rate of secondary pollution C i 1 Concentration reduction in unit time of original smoke component capable of secondary pollution, primary pollution concentration C i 0 Is the concentration of smoke components which cannot be subjected to secondary pollution.
S4, to the target coordinates P n (x n ，y n ，z n ) Calculating to obtain the primary pollution risk value D of each smoke component 0 i And a secondary pollution hazard value D 1 i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Where n is the number of the target coordinates.
S5, to the target coordinates P n Evaluation of the risk TotalJudgment D n Whether or not it is greater than a preset dangerous standard value D Label (C) If yes, an alarm signal is sent, and if no, no signal is sent.
S6, binding the evaluation results to each target coordinate to form multidimensional data (x) n ，y n ，z n ，D 0 i ，D 1 i ，D n )。
Preferably: the smoke parameter value can comprise smoke components and concentration C thereof i Wherein i number of smoke components; temperature T, humidity H, illumination intensity (ultraviolet)I. Airflow vectorAirflow velocity v.
Preferably: secondary pollution concentration conversion rate C of the smoke components i 1 ＝αβγIC i Wherein alpha is a reaction optimization coefficient, beta is an illumination intensity adjustment coefficient, gamma is a reaction component interference coefficient.
Preferably: the secondary pollution concentration conversion rate of the smoke componentsWherein->To the reaction coefficients of the participating reactants.
Preferably: the reaction optimization coefficient alpha is obtained according to the smoke component types, temperature and humidity-coefficient curves.
Preferably: the illumination intensity adjusting coefficient beta is obtained by searching a preset illumination intensity I-adjusting coefficient information table.
Preferably: the interference coefficient gamma of the reaction components is calculated by Wherein C is j For the concentration of the components involved in the reaction, +.>For the reaction coefficients of the participating reactants, χ is the adjustment coefficient; when->γ＝1。
Preferably: the primary pollution risk valueWhere ε is the risk factor and φ is the diffusion loss factor per unit length.
Preferably: the secondary pollution dangerous value
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: by evaluating each smoke pollution component of each target, the evaluation capability is strong, the primary pollution is considered, the secondary pollution can be evaluated, and the pollution influence is fully considered. Each target point can be evaluated, each pollution of the monitoring area can be evaluated on the target coordinate point, and then three-dimensional display is constructed according to each coordinate point, so that comprehensive coordinate display can be performed, the display capability is high, and real-time display can be realized. Multiple components in the flue gas can be evaluated, and dangerous values of the multiple components can be obtained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a smoke analysis method based on a multi-channel acquisition system.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The embodiments of the invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, a smoke analysis method based on a multi-path acquisition system is provided, which is used for analyzing smoke data acquired by the multi-path acquisition system, where the smoke analysis method based on the multi-path acquisition system includes the following steps:
s1, constructing a space coordinate system, and placing the monitoring area of the multi-path acquisition system in the space coordinate system. The spatial coordinate system covers the whole monitoring area of the multi-channel acquisition system. Because the generation of the smoke has a larger influence on the open environment and longer time, the multi-channel acquisition system is used for outdoor monitoring, and the smoke analysis method is suitable for analyzing the outdoor smoke. The flue gas analysis method does not take into account the influence of the interior of the building. But the buildings, equipment and surrounding environment in the monitoring area can be placed in a space coordinate system, so that three-dimensional display can be conveniently carried out in the monitoring area. Each detection module of the multi-path acquisition system is installed inside the monitoring area, and obtains each coordinate point of the detection module, the origin of the space coordinate system can be a point of the monitoring area and can be a center point, the ground level is z=0, and the construction is not repeated here. Compared with a planar coordinate system, the spatial coordinate system takes the influence of a towering chimney into consideration, and the common factory chimney has larger height, does not have influence on a lower position, and the target position is greatly different along with the change of the height, so that the planar coordinate system cannot be considered as a whole. The construction of the spatial coordinate system and the acquisition of each coordinate point are the prior art, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted herein.
S2, acquiring a smoke parameter value and a coordinate value thereof acquired by a multi-path acquisition system, wherein the smoke parameter value can comprise smoke components and concentration C thereof i Wherein C i The smoke component concentration is the smoke component number i; temperature T, humidity H, illumination intensity (ultraviolet ray) I, airflow vectorAirflow velocity v. Of course, detection of other parameter values, such as transmittance, is not excluded, and will not be described in detail herein. Each acquisition module of the multi-channel acquisition system is arranged in the monitoring area and acquires the parameter values of the flue gas in the monitoring area, and the multi-channel acquisition system can acquire all parameters required by the flue gas analysis method. The device can be used for detecting the smoke through a smoke detection module, a temperature sensing unit, a humidity sensing unit, an illumination intensity sensing unit, an airflow sensing unit and the like, and is particularly in the prior artAnd will not be described in detail herein. And the flue gas parameter values are transmitted to a control center which can carry out flue gas analysis on the multi-path acquisition system, and data analysis calculation is carried out through the control center, which is not described in detail herein.
S3, obtaining the primary pollution concentration C of each smoke component through smoke parameter value calculation i 0 And secondary pollution concentration conversion rate C i 1 And obtain the current detection point coordinates P m (x m ，y m ，z m ). Wherein the concentration conversion rate of secondary pollution C i 1 Concentration reduction in unit time of original smoke component capable of secondary pollution, primary pollution concentration C i 0 The concentration of the smoke components which cannot be subjected to secondary pollution is the number of the detection points m. The secondary pollution concentration conversion rate can be obtained by directly detecting secondary pollution, and detailed description is omitted here. Secondary pollution concentration conversion rate C of the smoke components i 1 ＝αβγIC i Wherein alpha is a reaction optimization coefficient, beta is an illumination intensity adjustment coefficient, gamma is a reaction component interference coefficient. The calculations herein defaults to unchanged volumes of closely-coordinated smoke components. Can be modified to, if conversion effects are taken into accountWherein->In order to participate in the reaction coefficient of the reactant, the secondary pollution concentration conversion rate of the smoke component does not need to be provided with a detection unit, can be obtained through calculation, and can be used for predicting the smoke component. The specific value of alpha can be obtained according to the type of smoke components, temperature and humidity-coefficient curve, and can be obtained empirically. C (C) i-1 1 The secondary pollution concentration conversion rate of the smoke component with the number of i-1. In this embodiment, CO in the flue gas is taken as an example, the CO is basically a straight line in the humidity dimension, the coefficient curve is a straight line of 1 before the temperature is 610 ℃, and an oblique line along with the temperature rise is formed after 610 ℃, which is not described in detail herein. The illumination intensityThe degree adjustment coefficient beta can be obtained by searching a preset illumination intensity I-adjustment coefficient information table. The illumination intensity I-adjustment coefficient information table can be obtained by carrying out illumination intensity experiments on each smoke component. For example, CO is less affected by the light intensity, and the light intensity adjustment coefficient β may be a horizontal line of 1. For example hydrocarbons (C) x H y ) And Nitrogen Oxides (NO) x ) When the light is irradiated, the photochemical reaction is carried out to generate secondary pollutants, and then the secondary pollutants are mixed with the primary pollutants to form harmful light blue smog, so that the photochemical smog has a plurality of adverse effects on the pollution of the atmosphere, has influence on animals and plants, even on building materials, and greatly reduces the visibility to influence the travel. This photochemical smog is not the original smoke containing components, but has serious influence. The illumination intensity adjustment coefficient β is a diagonal line along with the enhancement of the illumination intensity, and will not be described in detail herein. The reaction component interference coefficient y is the interference coefficient of the participating reactants required for the reaction by the flue gas component. Can be obtained by calculation or by table lookup, wherein the calculation method can be that when ++> Wherein C is j For the concentration of the components involved in the reaction, j is the number of the components involved in the reaction, +.>In order to participate in the reaction coefficient of the reactant, χ is an adjustment coefficient, this time, CO is taken as an example, and after the reaction condition is reached, CO and O 2 C at the time of reaction j Is O 2 Component concentration of->X is 0.5, which may be obtained empirically, and may be 0.86, and detailed description thereof is omitted herein. When (when)γ=1, i.e. when O 2 The concentration is not considered in sufficient cases.
S4, to the target coordinates P n (x n ，y n ，z n ) Calculating to obtain the primary pollution risk value D of each smoke component 0 i And a secondary pollution hazard value D 1 i . Where n is the number of the target coordinates. The primary pollution risk valueWherein epsilon is a risk coefficient, and can be obtained by searching a component poisoning measurement information table, and epsilon can be 0.8 by taking CO as an example. Phi is a diffusion loss coefficient per unit length, and is a loss concentration ratio per unit length (1 m) for diffusing the component smoke, and detailed description is omitted here. Coordinate P i For smoke component detection coordinates numbered i, +.>Is the coordinate P i To P n Vector of->Modulo the vector, +_s>Is the airflow vector>Is a modulus of the airflow vector. Because the conversion rate of secondary pollution is low in natural environment, the concentration loss of the primary pollution component is not considered in the embodiment. The risk value of secondary pollution is->Of course, there are other methods, which will not be described in detail herein.
S5, to the target coordinates P n Evaluation of the risk TotalJudgment D n Whether or not it is greater than a preset dangerous standard value D Label (C) If yes, an alarm signal is sent, and if no, no signal is sent. The dangerous standard value D Label (C) Can be obtained according to actual needs, such as a plurality of smoke components and a dangerous standard value D Label (C) May be 2.5, and will not be described in detail herein. By evaluating the risk total value of the target coordinates, the risk total value comprises a primary pollution risk value and a secondary pollution risk value of each smoke component, and the influence of each smoke component is considered. The total risk value of each target coordinate can then be displayed in three dimensions, so that a comprehensive display of the three-dimensional coordinates can be performed. The display is more comprehensive and intuitive.
S6, binding the evaluation results to each target coordinate to form multidimensional data (x) n ，y n ，z n ，D 0 i ，D 1 i ，D n ). The three-dimensional display space coordinates and the detection result can be bound to form six-dimensional data display, and each smoke pollution component is evaluated by each target, so that the evaluation capability is strong, the primary pollution is considered, the secondary pollution can be evaluated, and the pollution influence is fully considered. Each target point can be evaluated, each pollution of the monitoring area can be evaluated on the target coordinate point, and then three-dimensional display is constructed according to each coordinate point, so that comprehensive coordinate display can be performed, the display capability is high, and real-time display can be realized. Multiple components in the flue gas can be evaluated, and dangerous values of the multiple components can be obtained. The smoke analysis method constructs a three-dimensional coordinate system in an isomorphic way, calculates through the vector of wind power, considers the high influence caused by the high-rise chimney, wind power and direction, and is more accurate and reliable in evaluation.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, as well as a specific orientation configuration and operation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art and which are included in the embodiments of the present invention without the inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. Structures, devices and methods of operation not specifically described and illustrated herein, unless otherwise indicated and limited, are implemented according to conventional means in the art.
Claims (4)
1. The flue gas analysis method based on the multi-channel acquisition system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, constructing a space coordinate system, and placing a monitoring area of the multi-path acquisition system in the space coordinate system;
s2, acquiring a smoke parameter value and a coordinate value P thereof acquired by the multi-path acquisition system m (x m ，y m ，z m ) M is the number of the detection point, and the smokeThe air parameter values comprise temperature T, humidity H, illumination intensity I and air flow vectorThe airflow velocity v;
s3, obtaining the primary pollution concentration C of each smoke component through smoke parameter value calculation i 0 And secondary pollution concentration conversion rate C i 1 Wherein i is the number of the smoke component, and the secondary pollution concentration conversion rate C of the smoke component i 1 ＝αβγIC i Wherein alpha is a reaction optimization coefficient, beta is an illumination intensity adjustment coefficient, gamma is a reaction component interference coefficient, and C i The smoke component concentration is the smoke component with the number of i; or secondary pollution concentration conversion rate of the smoke componentsWherein alpha is a reaction optimization coefficient, beta is an illumination intensity adjustment coefficient, gamma is a reaction component interference coefficient, < ->To participate in the reaction coefficient of the reactants, C i-1 1 Secondary pollution concentration conversion rate of the smoke component with the number of i-1;
s4, to the target coordinates P n (x n ，y n ，z n ) Calculating to obtain the primary pollution risk value D of each smoke component 0 i And a secondary pollution hazard value D 1 i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein n is the number of the target coordinate; the primary pollution risk valueWherein epsilon is a risk coefficient, phi is a diffusion loss coefficient per unit length, and the coordinate P i For smoke component detection coordinates numbered i, +.>Is the coordinate P i To P n Vector of->Modulo the vector, +_s>Is the airflow vector>Is a modulus of airflow vector; the secondary pollution dangerous valueCoordinate P i For smoke component detection coordinates numbered i, +.>Is the coordinate P i To P n Vector of->Modulo the vector, +_s>Is the airflow vector>Is a modulus of airflow vector;
s5, to the target coordinates P n Evaluation of the risk TotalJudgment D n Whether or not it is greater than a preset dangerous standard value D Label (C) If yes, sending an alarm signal, and if not, not sending a signal;
s6, binding the evaluation results to each target coordinate to form multidimensional data (x) n ，y n ，z n ，D 0 i ，D 1 i ，D n )。
2. The method for analyzing the flue gas based on the multi-channel collection system according to claim 1, wherein the reaction optimization coefficient alpha is obtained according to the flue gas component types, the temperature and the humidity-coefficient curve.
3. The method for analyzing flue gas based on a multi-channel collection system according to claim 1, wherein the illumination intensity adjustment coefficient β is obtained by searching a preset illumination intensity I-adjustment coefficient information table.
4. The method for analyzing flue gas based on a multi-channel collection system according to claim 1, wherein the reaction component interference coefficient y is calculated by the method comprising the steps ofWherein C is i The concentration of the smoke component is numbered i smoke component, C j Smoke component concentration for j-numbered participating reactant,/->For the reaction coefficients of the participating reactants, χ is the adjustment coefficient; when->γ＝1。
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