CN116804431A - Drive worm, drive unit comprising a drive worm, and method for producing such a drive worm - Google Patents

Drive worm, drive unit comprising a drive worm, and method for producing such a drive worm Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116804431A
CN116804431A CN202310288041.4A CN202310288041A CN116804431A CN 116804431 A CN116804431 A CN 116804431A CN 202310288041 A CN202310288041 A CN 202310288041A CN 116804431 A CN116804431 A CN 116804431A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
worm
tooth
drive
drive worm
straight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310288041.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
A·维尔勒
O·赫特维格
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of CN116804431A publication Critical patent/CN116804431A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H55/00Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/22Toothed members; Worms for transmissions with crossing shafts, especially worms, worm-gears
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/14Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H55/00Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/22Toothed members; Worms for transmissions with crossing shafts, especially worms, worm-gears
    • F16H55/24Special devices for taking up backlash
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H1/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/12Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
    • F16H1/16Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes comprising worm and worm-wheel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H55/00Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/08Profiling
    • F16H2055/086Silent gear profiles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H55/00Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/06Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H55/00Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/08Profiling

Abstract

The invention relates to a worm gear (10) for mounting on a drive shaft (16) of a worm gear (12), comprising a spiral worm tooth (20), wherein the worm tooth (20) along a longitudinal axis (8) of the worm gear (10) has a tooth profile (24) with axially opposite tooth flanks (21, 22), and a tooth tip (26) is formed between the two opposite tooth flanks (21, 22) on the radially outer side (30) of the tooth tip, and a straight tooth tip line (34) extending parallel to the longitudinal axis (8) is formed.

Description

Drive worm, drive unit comprising a drive worm, and method for producing such a drive worm
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a drive worm, a drive mechanism drive unit comprising a drive worm and a method for manufacturing such a drive worm according to the preamble of the independent claims.
Background
DE 10 2015 216 018 A1 discloses a gear worm which is used as a component of a comfort drive for adjusting movable components in a motor vehicle. The adjustment drive comprises an electric motor having an armature shaft to which a separately produced worm sleeve is pushed and fixed in a rotationally fixed manner. The drive worm meshes with a worm wheel on which an output pinion for transmitting torque is arranged. In the manufacture of the drive worm, the external worm thread is first molded and thereafter a bore is drilled for accommodation onto the armature shaft. In this case, the center axis of the bore hole deviates from the center axis of the worm thread, which negatively affects the efficiency and noise characteristics of the drive unit. The object of the present invention is to overcome the mentioned disadvantages.
Disclosure of Invention
In contrast, the drive worm according to the invention and the method for producing such a drive worm have the features of the independent claims, the following advantages being: a tooth profile with a radially outer straight top line is formed on the spiral worm tooth, which tooth profile together forms a defined cylindrical circumferential surface with a central thread axis by a plurality of thread lines. The clamping tool can grip the drive worm precisely on this cylindrical circumferential surface in order to perform further processing steps thereon. In this way, a longitudinal bore can be made in the worm precisely concentrically with respect to the thread axis, without the longitudinal axis of the bore being formed obliquely or radially offset with respect to the thread axis. By means of such a highly precise production and support of the worm, interference with the worm gear and thus noise formation thereof can be prevented.
Advantageous developments and improvements of the features specified in the dependent claims result from the measures specified in the dependent claims. The worm can be rotationally symmetrically engaged, for example pressed or glued, to the armature shaft by means of a precisely centered bore. In particular, it is also possible to thereafter insert the support element onto the rotor shaft in advance before the drive worm is inserted from the same axial side.
The longitudinal section of the tooth profile of the tooth of the spiral worm has two axially opposite tooth flanks, which are preferably embodied as straight lines inclined relative to the radial direction. In a preferred embodiment, the tooth flanks turn radially outward into a curved transition region, which then in turn turns continuously into a radially outward straight tooth crest line, which connects the two tooth flanks. The curved configuration of the transition region avoids material stresses and achieves a smoother operating characteristic of the worm gear. The curved transition region can be shaped very easily by means of rolling.
According to a further embodiment, a straight transition region that is flat on the radially outer side is formed between the tooth flank and the straight tooth crest on the radially outer side, so that the tooth profile has angles at each end of the straight transition region. Such a tooth profile can also be shaped very advantageously by means of cutting.
If the transition region is designed in the form of a tooth tip with a modified edge (kopfry-kahme) relative to the standard involute profile, it can be prevented that material deformations occur in the transition region during the clamping of the radially outer cylindrical surface into the clamping tool, which material deformations can have a disturbing effect on the tooth engagement with the drive wheel.
According to a further embodiment, the straight tooth flanks extend as far as the radially outer straight tooth top line, so that the tooth profile has only exactly two angles at both ends of the straight tooth top line, and thus the tooth profile is formed in particular trapezoidally.
By means of the design of the lead-in angle at the borehole, the drive worm can be reliably pushed onto the drive shaft. If different lead-in angles are molded on both axial sides of the through-hole, the two axially opposite flanks of the tooth profile can thus be clearly identified, which can be used for verification purposes.
By molding the radially outer straight tooth top line on the tooth profile, a common cylinder housing is formed over the plurality of thread lines, the surface of which is interrupted only by the helical tooth grooves. The cylindrical outer surface enables the bore to be formed precisely concentrically with respect to the spiral worm tooth when the worm is further processed.
On the end face of the drive worm, corners are advantageously molded on the worm teeth after the sizing thereof, in order to prevent tooth material formed at the end face as interfering burrs from being pressed into the tooth grooves during the sizing.
It is particularly advantageous if the worm is made of metal, such as steel and brass. The worm toothing can thereby also be constructed by means of cold forming, whereby a particularly smooth and firm tooth surface can be provided. The metal worm is particularly advantageously suitable for the engagement of the plastic toothing of the drive wheel.
The drive worm can advantageously be arranged on an armature shaft of the electric motor as an input shaft of the worm gear. The worm gear is engaged with the drive wheel in order to provide an output torque at the output element of the drive wheel. The transmission drive unit can be configured here preferably as a window lifter, or a sunroof, or a seat adjustment, or a steering column adjustment drive in a motor vehicle.
In particular, the drive worm can be produced from a long metal rod, to which the worm toothing can be formed on the outer circumference. This can be done preferably by means of a through-rolling process over the entire length of the long rod. Thereafter, the individual drive worms can be separated by the desired length dimension and held by clamping means on radially outer cylindrical surfaces for further processing. For example, the corner can then be placed on the end face of the worm tooth and/or the central bore can be placed.
In order to construct the worm tooth, the bar of the blank can be pressed between two rolling disks, on which a female die of the worm thread is formed. With different rolling discs, different tooth profiles can be formed, wherein the tooth profile tooth tops according to the invention have a tooth top line that is flat in the longitudinal direction on the radially outer side. In this case, single-ended or multi-ended worm threads can be molded.
The clamping device advantageously has a plurality of clamping elements which are formed in a ring-shaped manner and which bear against the worm tooth along a straight tooth crest line over a plurality of tooth profiles in the longitudinal direction. For example, two, three or four clamping segments are arranged within the perimeter, which rest in a planar manner on the column circumference. When the clamping element is pressed radially onto the cylindrical surface, the surface pressure is comparatively low by the planar abutment in the axial direction, so that the tooth tips are not deformed or damaged during pressing. In this way, the worm can be held precisely centered with respect to the longitudinal axis of the helical worm tooth, in order to drill a central bore for engagement to a drive shaft.
Drawings
Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of preferred embodiments and by means of the drawings. Wherein:
fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a drive worm according to the prior art in longitudinal section;
fig. 2 to 4 show different tooth profiles of the embodiment according to the invention of the drive worm.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a gear worm 10, which serves as a component of a worm gear 12, which worm gear 12 can be used to adjust moving components, as in a gear drive 11 in a motor vehicle. As can be seen from fig. 1, the transmission drive unit 11 comprises an electric motor 14, after which the worm gear 12 is arranged. The electric motor 14 has an armature shaft which is configured as a drive shaft 16 of the worm gear 12. For this purpose, the worm gear 10 is pressed onto the drive shaft 16. The drive worm 10 has a worm toothing 20 on its radially outer circumference 29, which meshes with the drive wheel 17 for the construction of the worm gear 12. The drive worm 10 has a central bore 18 along its longitudinal axis 8, which is preferably designed as a through-hole. The drive shaft 16 is inserted into this bore 18 in a rotationally fixed manner, for example by means of the shaping of a cutout in the drive shaft 16.
For producing the drive worm 10, the worm tooth 20 is shaped, preferably rolled, onto a long cylindrical rod. Thereafter, the rod is sheared to size to the desired length, preferably by means of cutting turning. Thereafter, a chamfer 27 is molded onto the end face 28 of the drive worm 10 and a bore 18 is drilled, wherein at least one lead-in chamfer 19 is preferably formed at the bore 18. For the individual working steps, the worm gear 10 is held by a clamping element 42 of a clamping device 40, which is formed in a ring-shaped manner and bears radially against the outer circumference 29 of the worm gear 10. According to the prior art, the worm tooth 20 has a tooth tip 26, which has a circular tooth profile 24 in the section along the longitudinal direction 8. The clamping element 42 bears against the rounded tooth tops 26 in a non-specifically defined manner, so that the axis of the bore 18 may deviate from the longitudinal axis 8 of the worm tooth 20 during further processing.
Thus, according to the invention, the tooth tips 26 having straight tooth tip lines 34 along the longitudinal axis 8 are formed on the radially outer periphery 29 of the worm thread 20, as is shown in fig. 2 to 4. The tooth profile 24 has, in a section along the longitudinal axis 8, a first tooth flank 21 and, axially opposite thereto, a second tooth flank 22, which are each formed as a first and a second straight line 31, 32. Between the two straight flanks 21, 22, the straight tooth crest 34 is molded radially outermost, which tooth crest extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 8 of the worm thread 20. Between this straight tooth crest 34 and the straight lines 31, 32 of the tooth flank 21, a beveled straight transition region 38 is formed, which is molded in particular together with the outer straight tooth crest 34 by means of a rolling tool. Such a tooth profile 24 thus has no arched region between the two tooth flanks 21, 22, but only a straight beveled region 38 and a straight outer tooth crest 34. The straight tooth crest 34 of the helical worm thread 20 then forms, in the region of the circumference 29, a cylinder housing 35 on the radial outer side 30 of the worm 10, against which the clamping element 42 of the clamping device 40 can be pressed in a defined manner.
In fig. 3, a further embodiment is shown, in which the tooth profile 24 has a straight tip line 34 along the longitudinal direction 8 on the radially outer periphery 29. The tooth tip 26 has a modified edge with respect to the standard involute tooth profile, so that the axial thickness of the tooth profile decreases in the radially outer region. In this embodiment, the straight flanks 21, 22 are transformed into straight top lines 34 of the tooth profile 24 on both sides via curved transition regions 36. In this embodiment, the straight tooth crest 34 also forms an outer cylinder housing 35 at the spiral of the worm thread 20.
Fig. 4 shows a further variant in which the tooth profile 24 has a straight tip line 34 along the longitudinal direction 8 on the radially outer periphery 29. Here, the tooth tip 26 without a rim portion is shown, so that the axial thickness of the tooth tip 26 is not reduced in the radially outer region. In this embodiment, the straight lines 31, 32 of the flanks 21, 22 directly intersect the straight tip line 34 of the tooth profile 24. In this embodiment, the straight tooth top line 34 along the longitudinal direction 8 forms a cylindrical housing 35 of the screw-shaped outer part of the worm thread 20. The tooth crest 34, which is straight in the axial direction 8, has a maximum extent, so that the radial support surface of the cylinder housing 35 for the clamping tool 40 is maximized.
In the method according to the invention, the worm toothing 20 according to fig. 1 is molded directly with a straight tooth tip 24 extending parallel to the longitudinal axis 8 of the drive worm 10. This can be achieved, for example, by a mating contour of a roller plate, wherein the rods are preferably through-rolled (durchgangsrollieren). In this case, no further processing of the worm tooth 20 is necessary after rolling, since a very smooth and firm and precise surface of the tooth profile 24 is produced during rolling. By molding the cylindrical circumferential surface 35 onto the outer periphery 30 of the tooth tip 26 in the circumferential direction 9 by means of rolling, the clamping tool 40, for the further processing steps described with respect to fig. 1, clamps the worm tooth 20 in the longitudinal direction 8 onto the outer periphery 29 in a planar manner very precisely in accordance with the invention. Thus, the further features and method steps depicted in fig. 1 are also part of the present invention.
It is to be noted that with regard to the embodiments shown in the figures and the description, a wide variety of combinations of the individual features with each other are possible. The drive worm 10 generally described can be varied in a wide variety of ways and methods in terms of pitch and tooth angle of the tooth flanks 21, 22 without departing from the inventive concept. Thus, the material or diameter used for the drive worm 10 can be modified. The drive worm 10 can be configured in one piece or in multiple pieces. The inventive drive worm 10 is particularly suitable for the following drive units: the drive unit is used for adjusting a movable assembly in a motor vehicle, in particular for adjusting a window lifter, a sunroof or a seat assembly.

Claims (14)

1. A worm gear (10) for supporting on a drive shaft (16) of a worm gear (12) has a spiral worm tooth (20), wherein the worm tooth (20) has a tooth profile (24) along a longitudinal axis (8) of the worm gear (10) with axially opposite tooth flanks (21, 22), and a tooth tip (26) is formed between the two opposite tooth flanks (21, 22) on the radially outer side (30) of the tooth tip, a straight tooth tip line (34) extending parallel to the longitudinal axis (8) being formed.
2. The drive worm (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that a borehole (18) is formed centrally along the longitudinal axis (8), by means of which borehole the drive worm (10) can be pushed onto the drive shaft (16).
3. The drive worm (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the axially opposite tooth flanks (21, 22) in the tooth profile (24) form inclined straight lines (31, 32) which are connected to the radially outer straight tooth crest line (34) by a curved transition region (36).
4. The drive worm (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inclined straight lines (31, 32) of the opposing tooth flanks (21, 22) in the tooth profile (24) are connected to the radially outer straight tooth crest line (34) by means of a beveled flat transition region (38).
5. The drive worm (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inclined straight lines (31, 32) of the opposing tooth flanks (21, 22) in the tooth profile (24) directly intersect the radially outer straight tip line (34).
6. The drive worm (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transition region (36, 38) of the tooth profile (24) forms a tip shape (26) with a modified edge with respect to a standard involute profile.
7. The drive worm (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least on the side of the bore (18) a lead-in chamfer (19) is formed, with which the drive worm (10) can be coupled to the drive shaft (16).
8. The drive worm (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radially outer straight tooth top lines (34) together form a common cylinder housing (35) by a plurality of thread lines by a perimeter (29), which cylinder housing is formed concentrically with the bore (18).
9. The drive worm (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an angular edge (27) is formed on the worm tooth (18) at least on the end side (28) of the drive worm (10).
10. The drive worm (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the worm (10) is made of steel or brass, wherein in particular the worm tooth (20) is molded by means of plastic material shaping, preferably by means of rolling.
11. Transmission drive unit (11) for adjusting a movable component according to any one of claims 1 to 10 in a motor vehicle, having a transmission worm (10) which is arranged on an armature shaft (18) of an electric motor (14) as a drive shaft (18), and a worm gear (12) is arranged downstream of the electric motor (14), wherein the transmission worm (10) meshes with the drive wheel (17) for providing an output torque for an adjustment process on an output element.
12. Method for manufacturing a drive worm (10), in particular according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the worm tooth (20) is first formed on an outer circumference (29) of a long cylindrical rod and thereafter the long rod is dimensioned to a desired length dimension of the drive worm (10) and thereafter the central bore (18) is drilled in the drive worm (10) and in particular thereafter the at least one lead-in corner (19) is formed at the bore (18).
13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the worm tooth (20) is shaped by means of a shaped rolling tool, between which the long cylindrical bar is clamped, wherein the shape of the tooth profile (24) of the drive worm (10) with the external straight tooth top line (34) is modeled as a mating profile in the rolling tool.
14. Method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that for drilling a central bore (18) and in particular for moulding the lead-in chamfer (19) and/or chamfer (27) of the worm tooth (20) the drive worm (10) is held by a clamping device (40), whose circular-arc-segment-shaped clamping element (42) radially abuts against the cylinder housing (35), which is formed by the tooth crest (34) of the drive worm (10) that is straight in the longitudinal direction (8).
CN202310288041.4A 2022-03-23 2023-03-22 Drive worm, drive unit comprising a drive worm, and method for producing such a drive worm Pending CN116804431A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022202822.8A DE102022202822A1 (en) 2022-03-23 2022-03-23 Gear worm, a gear drive unit containing a gear worm, and method for producing one
DE102022202822.8 2022-03-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116804431A true CN116804431A (en) 2023-09-26

Family

ID=87930558

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310288041.4A Pending CN116804431A (en) 2022-03-23 2023-03-22 Drive worm, drive unit comprising a drive worm, and method for producing such a drive worm

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116804431A (en)
DE (1) DE102022202822A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7603968U1 (en) 1976-02-12 1977-08-04 Fischer, Artur, Dr., 7244 Waldachtal DRIVE DEVICE FOR TOY MODELS
DE10146748B4 (en) 2001-09-22 2014-12-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for producing an armature shaft of an electric drive
DE102015216018A1 (en) 2015-08-21 2017-02-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Transmission drive device and method for producing a transmission drive device
DE102016208016A1 (en) 2016-05-10 2017-11-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electrical machine, adapter elements and a modular system comprising an electrical machine with adapters
DE102018217617A1 (en) 2018-10-15 2020-04-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for producing a gear worm, which is arranged in particular on an armature shaft, and such a gear worm

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DE102022202822A1 (en) 2023-09-28

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