CN116804298A - High-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric and manufacturing method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric and manufacturing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric, a manufacturing method and application thereof, wherein the fabric has excellent electromagnetic shielding efficiency in the electromagnetic wave frequency range of 300 MHz-20 GHz, and the excellent shielding efficiency can be more than or equal to 50dB. The fabric has a double-layer structure, and comprises an outer layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is mainly made of aramid/stainless steel blended yarns, the inner layer is mainly made of silver-plated filaments, the two layers are connected by chemical fiber filament connecting yarns with higher breaking strength during weaving, and the flat meter gram weight is 160-230 g/m 2 . The fabric has the properties of flame retardance, wear resistance, higher breaking strength and the like, and the electromagnetic radiation protective clothing manufactured by using the fabric has good protective and service properties and has wide application prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic radiation protective clothing, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric and a manufacturing method and application thereof.
Background
With the increasing use of electrical equipment, electromagnetic radiation has become a fourth source of pollution following air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution. The human body is exposed to electromagnetic radiation for a long time, and the nervous system, the cardiovascular system, the endocrine system, the reproductive system and the like are damaged to different degrees. In order to reduce the harm of electromagnetic radiation to human bodies, people develop effective protective materials for individual protection, namely electromagnetic radiation protective fabrics. The shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic radiation protective clothing articles is generally evaluated by the shielding effectiveness of the electromagnetic radiation protective fabric.
The research on electromagnetic radiation resistant fabrics for clothing is mainly focused on the fields of conductive fiber blended fabrics, coated fabrics, surface metal-plated fabrics, metal wires, and mixed fabrics of service yarns. The conductive fiber blended fabric is widely used, for example, chinese patent with the application number of 20090051142. X discloses a radiation-proof woven fabric, a preparation method and application thereof, the fabric is prepared by blending metal short fibers, artificial fibers and natural fibers, the metal stainless short fibers are formed by drawing stainless steel filaments with the diameter of 8 mu m and the model of 316L, the mass content of the metal stainless short fibers is 10-30%, the shielding effectiveness is 35dB (the stainless steel short fiber content is 30% at the highest), the problem of difficult blending can occur under the high stainless steel fiber content, the requirement of fabric comfort can not be met, and the requirement of protective effect in a high-frequency range can not be met.
The clothing performance of the protective clothing manufactured by the coated fabric and the metal wire mixed woven fabric can be affected due to poor clothing performance, for example, the utility model patent CN204224803U consists of a surface layer and a colored conductive coating compounded on the surface layer, and the colored conductive coating is coated on the metal mixed woven fabric, so that the hand feeling and comfort of the fabric can be affected by the coating, and the air permeability and softness of the fabric are poor, so that the protective clothing is not beneficial to wearing.
For personnel working in high electromagnetic radiation environments, such as strong radiation radar working environments, telecommunication and other special industries, higher-efficiency protection needs to be provided for personnel, and therefore, the utility model aims to provide a high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric and a manufacturing method and application thereof.
Therefore, in order to obtain a fabric having both high shielding performance and excellent wear performance, it is considered to weave the fabric using a stainless steel fiber blend yarn, but it is necessary to further increase the content of the stainless steel fiber in the blend yarn, so that the feel, breathability and the like of the fabric are affected to reduce the wear performance of the protective garment, and the electromagnetic shielding performance of the fabric is not significantly improved.
In view of this, the utility model proposes to use conductive fiber blended yarn and metal plated filament at the same time, make two kinds of properties totally different yarn weave scheme and technological improvement optimization, get have high electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, appearance smooth and soft fabric of hand feeling, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the said fabric of the utility model can have good protective effect in electromagnetic wave frequency band 300 MHz-20 GHz, shielding effectiveness is greater than or equal to 50dB, can meet the demand under the strong electromagnetic radiation environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric, and the shielding efficiency in the range of 300 MHz-20 GHz can reach the level of more than or equal to 50dB. The fabric is mainly formed by weaving aramid/stainless steel blended yarns and silver-plated filaments in the warp and weft directions, and the combination of the aramid/stainless steel blended yarns and the silver-plated filaments can endow the fabric with higher electromagnetic shielding efficiency, but the aramid/stainless steel blended yarns and the silver-plated filaments have great difference in properties. Firstly, the rigidity of the aramid/stainless steel blended yarn is higher, and the silver-plated filament has certain toughness and elasticity; secondly, the linear density and the twist of the two yarns are also different, and the problems of cloth cover weaving defects, poor cloth cover appearance and the like are easily generated in the weaving process, so that a scheme and a manufacturing method suitable for the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric are required to be provided.
The utility model provides a scheme and a manufacturing method of the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric, which uses aramid/stainless steel blended yarns, silver-plated filaments and chemical fiber yarns as raw materials, and weaves the raw materials by a rapier loom, so that the fabric with high electromagnetic shielding efficiency, horizontal flame retardance and good wearability is obtained, and the development of the electromagnetic shielding fabric for clothing is promoted.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the double-sided electromagnetic shielding fabric with high efficiency is characterized in that two conductive metal yarns with different properties are organically combined, the fabric comprises an outer metal protective layer (1) and an inner metal protective layer (2), and the two layers are connected by connecting yarns; the fabric has good overall performance, smooth appearance, soft hand feeling, higher breaking strength and horizontal flame retardance.
The outer metal protective layer (1) is an electrically conductive blended yarn formed by blending aramid fibers and electrically conductive fibers, the inner metal protective layer (2) is a metal-plated filament, warp yarns of the fabric are blended yarns and metal-plated filaments, and the use quantity ratio of the blended yarns to the metal-plated filaments is 1-3:1; the weft direction is woven by connecting yarns and metal-plated filaments, and the weaving ratio is 1:1; and the breaking strength of the connecting yarn is 5-7 cN/dtex, so that the yarn ensures the breaking strength and wear resistance of the fabric and provides conditions for the organic combination of the blended yarn and the metal-plated filaments.
The aramid fiber is used in the blended yarn, so that good breaking strength and flame retardance can be provided for the fabric, and the fabric has excellent wear performance besides high electromagnetic shielding effect; the conductive fibers are stainless steel fibers; wherein the mass specific gravity of the stainless steel fiber in the blended yarn is 20-30%, and the mass specific gravity of the aramid fiber is 80-70%; too low a content of stainless steel fibers affects the shielding effectiveness of the fabric, and too high a content does not improve the shielding effectiveness but rather affects the fabric feel. The aramid fiber and the conductive fiber are uniformly mixed through processes of cotton grabbing, cotton opening and picking, cotton carding, stretch breaking, drawing, roving, spinning and the like.
The process of the blended yarn comprises the steps of carrying out stretch-breaking by using a draw-clamping method, drawing by using a strip mixing method, processing the stretch-breaking and the drawing simultaneously, and wrapping the stainless steel fibers up and down by using aramid fiber strips during stretch-breaking to obtain the core-spun yarn with the stainless steel fibers uniformly wrapped; simultaneously drawing is carried out, the drawing process is two-step drawing, so that the stainless steel fiber and the aramid fiber in the form of filament bundles can be uniformly mixed, the uniformity of blended yarns is improved, and the production efficiency of the blending process is improved.
The inner metal protective layer is mainly made of metal-plated filaments, and the metal of the plating layer is silver; the plating method is one of electroplating, chemical plating and vacuum plating. The mass fraction of the metal silver on the silver-plated filament is 15% -25%. The matrix of the silver-plated filament is nylon filament; preferably, the mass fraction of the metallic silver is 17%, and the breaking strength of the silver-plated filament is 4.8-6.5 cN/dtex.
The connecting yarn is a chemical fiber filament with excellent mechanical properties, such as one of terylene, chinlon and acrylon; the connecting yarn is one of porous multifilament and monofilament; the linear density of the yarn is 30-50D.
In order to enable the two conductive metal yarns to be organically combined to obtain the fabric with high electromagnetic shielding effect, the weave structure of the fabric needs to be correspondingly designed. Because the properties such as rigidity and elasticity of the aramid/stainless steel blended yarn and the silver-plated filament are different, in order to ensure the appearance evenness and the hand feeling of the fabric, the weave structure of the fabric is designed to be one of warp and weft, namely the fabric is of a double-layer structure; the weave structures of the outer layer and the inner layer of the fabric are respectively one or two of broken twill, square weave and reinforced satin weave structures, and the two-layer weave structures can be the same or different. The broken twill consists of a left twill and a right twill, the left twill and the right twill are provided with an obvious boundary at the boundary, the warp and weft tissue points of yarns at two sides of the boundary are opposite, and the broken twill tissue can endow soft hand feeling to the fabric; the square and flat weave is based on a plain weave, and the weave points are prolonged in the longitudinal and latitudinal directions of the plain weave, so that the floating length lines of the longitudinal and latitudinal directions are longer and the arrangement is regular, and the fabric has better luster. The reinforced satin is formed by adding single or multiple warp (or weft) tissue points around single warp (or weft) tissue points based on the satin tissue of the original tissue, and the satin tissue has soft hand feeling.
The linear density of the warp and weft yarns (referring to all yarns used in the fabric) is 40-180D, and the warp and weft density is: 550-660 roots/10 cm.
The utility model also provides a manufacturing method of the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric, which comprises the following steps: the weaving process of the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric comprises the following steps: raw yarn, twisting, warping, reeding, weaving and finishing. Wherein, the twisting, warping and weaving are key processes, and the temperature of the shaping box is controlled to be 100-180 ℃ for 16-24 hours when the aramid fiber/stainless steel blended yarn is twisted; yarn tension is 30-50 cN during warping; the weaving process controls the tension on the two warp beams to be in the range of 1300-2000N, so that the double-sided woven fabric with certain electromagnetic shielding effect and good appearance and hand feeling can be woven.
The utility model creatively combines the conductive fiber blended yarn and the metal plated filament together to obtain the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric, and organically combines the two metal yarns with completely different properties, thereby increasing the difficulty in the weaving process. In order to avoid the problems of cloth cover weaving defects, poor cloth cover appearance and the like, the utility model improves the manufacturing method and mainly determines the distribution and proportion of warp and weft yarns, the selection of connecting yarns and the weaving process. Wherein, the proportion of aramid fiber/stainless steel blended yarn and silver-plated filament yarn is 1-2.5:1 in the warp direction, and the proportion of silver-plated filament yarn and connecting yarn is 1:1 in the weft direction, and the proportion refers to the number ratio of yarns. The connecting yarn is made of chemical fiber yarn. The weaving process mainly comprises a series of processes of double-shaft weaving by using a rapier loom, including the processes of twisting, warping, reed threading, weaving, finishing and the like. The method mainly controls the tension of different parts in the warping process, so that the stainless steel blended yarn with different properties is organically combined with the silver-plated filaments, and the tension of the front section, the middle section and the rear section of the yarn in the length direction is within the range of 30-50 cN; the tension applied on the two warp beams is tested and determined in the weaving process, the tension applied on the aramid/stainless steel beam is 1500-2000N, and the tension applied on the silver-plated filament beam is 1300-1500N; the loom speed is 150-300 r/min, and the heald frame height is 120mm. The determination of the whole weaving process ensures the softness, the appearance flatness of the fabric and the high shielding effectiveness (30-60 dB) of the frequency band.
In order to overcome the problem of curling and wrinkling of the cloth cover caused by the difference of physical properties between the aramid/stainless steel blended yarn and the silver-plated filament, the properties and materials of the third yarn (the connecting yarn) need to be selected so as to realize the organic combination of the aramid/stainless steel blended yarn and the silver-plated filament by the existence of the connecting yarn. The connecting yarn is made of one of terylene, chinlon and acrylic fibers, and the connecting yarn is porous multifilament or monofilament. Preferably, the fabric of the present utility model may use nylon monofilaments as a binder yarn to improve the look and feel of the fabric; the breaking strength of the nylon monofilament is 5-7 cN/dtex, the linear density is 30-70D, and the color is transparent.
Because the twist of the aramid/stainless steel blended yarn and the silver-plated filament are different, and the twisted yarn generates torsion stress after the blended yarn is twisted, the fiber is easy to twist under the condition of low yarn tension, and the yarn is damaged, so that the yarn needs to be twisted. The blended yarn is twisted by adopting a heating setting method, so that molecular rearrangement in an amorphous area can be promoted, the relaxation process is accelerated, and the heating equipment is a setting box, the temperature is 100-180 ℃, and the time is 16-24 hours.
The warping process is to divide the total warp number of the aramid/stainless steel blended yarns and the silver-plated filaments required by the fabric into a plurality of strips with the same number as much as possible according to the yarn arrangement cycle and the capacity of a bobbin cradle by using a sectional warping method, wind the strips onto a large warping drum side by side in parallel according to the width and the length specified by the process, unwind all warp strips onto a loom beam from the large warping drum at the same time after all strips are wound onto the large warping drum, and shorten the process flow.
The warping machine used in the warping process consists of a bobbin creel and a head part, and the tension of single yarns and the tension of sheet yarns are controlled by a tension device, so that the defects of bad warp beam forming, unclear opening, three-jump weaving defects and the like in the weaving process can be avoided. The warping process is that yarns are neatly arranged and wound on a beam according to a certain rule after being unwound from cheese, and the bottom tension of the cheese is more than the top tension during unwinding; when the yarn is wound on the beam, the tension configurations of the front section, the middle section and the rear section of the yarn in the length direction are different, the tension of the front section is 30-50 cN, the tension of the front section is 5-15 cN higher than the tension of the middle section, and the tension of the middle section is 5-10 cN higher than the tension of the rear section. In order to ensure good warping effect, an optimal yarn guiding distance, preferably 140-250 mm, is required, and too much or too little affects the tension on the yarn. The warping machine adopts direct transmission warp beam type equipment with high automation degree, preferably the warping machine has the speed of 1200m/min, the width of 143.5cm and the diameter of the warp beam of 1000mm, and adopts a high-performance single bobbin cradle for collectively changing bobbins.
The reed threading process refers to that warp yarns on a beam sequentially pass through a warp stop plate, heddles and a reed according to the specification of a weaving pattern on a fabric.
The drawing-in process is completed by a movable automatic drawing-in machine with a main machine fixing creel. The reed is selected from a reed number of 185/10cm and a reed number of 3, 3 healds are adopted for the passing, the ground tissues are sequentially worn according to 1, 2, 3 and 4, the edge tissues are worn according to 2, 6, 3 and 5, and the passing is performed in 6 rows by stopping sheets, and the wearing method is sequential wearing. The total warp number of the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric is 7965, and the edge number is 30 x 2. After the reed threading procedure is finished, fine inspection is required to be performed, so that the wrong threading is avoided, the warp stop, the heald wire and the reed are required to be smooth and free of damage, and adverse effects on warp yarns are avoided.
The tension applied to the two warp beams is different when the rapier loom is used for biaxial weaving, and the tension of the aramid/stainless steel blended yarn beam is larger than that of the silver-plated filament beam, wherein the tension applied to the aramid/stainless steel beam is 1500-2000N, and the tension applied to the silver-plated filament beam is 1300-1500N; the loom speed is 150-300 r/min, and the heald frame height is 120mm.
The utility model also provides application of the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric in army coat type electromagnetic radiation protective clothing, communication and power industry operation clothing, electromagnetic shielding tent and civil electromagnetic radiation protective clothing.
The fabric is made into protective fabrics, and the protective fabrics are made into electromagnetic radiation protective clothing, exploration clothes or working clothes of live working personnel, protective caps, protective gloves, protective socks, protective tents and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric provided by the utility model is woven by using two conductive yarns with shielding performance, and the aramid/stainless steel blended yarns and the silver-plated filaments can be organically combined through improvement and adjustment of a manufacturing process to obtain the fabric which has flat appearance, soft handfeel and shielding performance which can be more than or equal to 50dB in the range of 300 MHz-20 GHz. Wherein, the ratio between the warp and weft yarns, the selection of connecting yarns and the determination of weaving process are important. The fabric is soft, light and thin, has good flame retardant property, can form a compact conductive network in the use process, and endows the fabric with excellent electromagnetic shielding effect and service performance.
The utility model provides a manufacturing method of a high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric, which successfully and organically combines aramid/stainless steel blended yarns with different properties with silver-plated filaments, has simple process, and the manufactured fabric has soft hand feeling, smooth appearance, comfortable ventilation, flame retardance and other wearability.
The high-performance electromagnetic shielding fabric can be applied to military or civil high-performance electromagnetic radiation protective clothing, exploration clothing or working clothing of live working personnel.
The fabric is an electric-magnetic-conductive composite type electromagnetic radiation resistant fabric, has the common characteristics of electric conduction and magnetic conduction, has magnetic loss and dielectric loss on electromagnetic waves, and has the flat meter gram weight of 160-230 g/m 2 On the premise of ensuring the smooth and flexible surface appearance, the shielding effectiveness is more than or equal to 30dB in the frequency range of 300 MHz-20 GHz, even more than or equal to 50dB, and the fabric has excellent protection and service performances and wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the weave structure of a high performance double-sided woven electromagnetic shielding fabric of the present utility model.
In the figure: 1. an outer metal protective layer 2, an inner metal protective layer 3, connecting yarns 4, stainless steel blended yarns 5 and silver-plated filaments.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present utility model, the following description of the embodiments of the present utility model provides a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the high performance electromagnetic shielding fabrics, and it is apparent that the examples described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments in the patent, which are obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort, are within the scope of protection of the patent.
Referring to fig. 1, the present patent provides a high-performance electromagnetic shielding fabric, which includes an outer metal protection layer 1 and an inner metal protection layer 2, wherein the outer metal protection layer is formed by weaving conductive fiber blended yarns in warp and weft directions, the inner metal protection layer is formed by weaving metal plated filaments in warp and weft directions, and the inner metal protection layer and the outer metal protection layer are woven in weft directions by connecting yarns between the inner layer and the outer layer to obtain a double-layer structure.
Specifically, the patent provides a manufacturing method of a high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric, wherein the fabric is woven by yarns with three different materials and properties, the warp direction uses stainless steel blended yarns 4 and silver-plated filaments 5, the proportion is 1-2.5:1, and the weft direction uses silver-plated filaments and connecting yarns 3, and the proportion is 1:1. The fabric is woven by adopting double warp beams, the tension applied by the two warp beams is different, and the tension of the warp used for the outer metal protective layer is set to be larger than that of the inner warp of the fabric according to the characteristics of the outer layer and the inner layer yarns, and the difference in the embodiment is 80-200N.
Specifically, the weaving process of the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric comprises the following steps: raw yarn, twisting, warping, reeding, weaving and finishing. The stainless steel blended yarn and the silver-plated filament raw yarn are small-drum yarns, and can be uniformly wound on a warp beam respectively after a warping process; the warp beam is arranged on a rapier loom, warp threads penetrate through a heald eye of a heald frame and pass through a steel buckle and reed teeth; when weaving, the heald frame moves up and down alternately, so that warp yarns (aramid/stainless steel blended yarns (stainless steel blended yarns for short) and silver-plated filaments) are divided into two layers to form corresponding sheds, weft yarns (silver-plated filaments and connecting yarns) are introduced into the sheds by a weft insertion mechanism, and the weft yarns are pushed to the sheds by the action of a reed, so that double-layer fabrics are formed.
Specifically, the grey cloth formed on the loom needs to undergo a cloth inspection procedure to remove and repair defects and slight holes on the surface of the fabric; after the fabric is qualified in cloth inspection, the fabric needs to be subjected to post-finishing treatment with a proper process, and mainly comprises washing and shaping, wherein the washing process of the double-sided woven fabric comprises the following steps: the temperature is 80-100 ℃ and the time is 30min; the shaping process is 100-120 ℃ and the speed is 30-40 m/min.
The fabric manufactured by the weaving method of the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric has the performance indexes that the electromagnetic shielding efficiency is 30-60 dB and the gram weight is 160-230 g/m 2 The following examples only discuss the differences between specific individual examples, i.e., fabrics woven using the related processes of the present utility model are within the scope of the present utility model.
Specifically, the ratio of the number of the outer stainless steel blended yarns to the number of the inner silver-plated filaments in the warp direction of the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric is 1:0.5 to 4, the comparative examples are shown in Table 1, in which 40DDTY nylon multifilament yarn was used as the binder yarn.
TABLE 1 influence of weaving Process on fabric-related Properties
Injecting; the warp density and weft density in table 1 refer to the warp density and weft density of the final product, and are the sum of the warp density and weft density of the two layers, namely the sum of the warp density and the weft density of the outer layer and the inner layer respectively.
Specifically, the outer layer and the inner layer of the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric are connected by chemical fiber yarns, nylon can be used as connecting yarns in the embodiment, and the high wear resistance of the woven fabric can be maintained, wherein the chemical fiber yarns have high strength (5-7 cN/dtex), moderate elongation at break (20% -40%), and high dimensional stability, so that the double-sided fabric has a smooth appearance, high breaking strength and good wear resistance, and the manufactured electromagnetic shielding protective clothing maintains excellent wear resistance. In practice, the effect of different properties of the chemical fibers on the fabric-related properties is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Effect of connecting yarn Properties on surface Material related Properties
The linear density of the connecting yarn was less than that of the blended yarn and the silver-plated metal filaments, the blended yarn in table 2 was an aramid/stainless steel blended yarn, the plated metal filaments were silver-plated filaments, the 70D silver-plated filaments: 40S aramid stainless steel blended yarn=1:2, and the following tables 3 and 4 were woven in this ratio. As can be seen from the data in table 2, when either FDY nylon monofilament or DTY nylon multifilament was used in the weaving process, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of both fabrics met the requirements and were at a higher level; however, the different connecting yarns give the fabric different appearance states, the multifilament connecting yarns have poor cloth cover flatness and are easy to generate wrinkles and bubble bulges based on the evaluation of the appearance of electromagnetic shielding clothing, and the monofilament connecting yarns are selected to be better.
In the outer layer blended yarn of the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric, the mass fraction of the stainless steel conductive fibers in the blended yarn of the corresponding embodiment in the table is set to be 25%, the metal layer of the inner layer metal plating filament is silver, and the metal mass fraction is 17%, so that the electromagnetic shielding performance of the double-sided woven fabric is high, and the double-sided woven fabric also has the effects of resisting bacteria, regulating temperature and the like.
Specifically, twisting the yarns significantly reduced the occurrence of defects and broken yarns during the weaving process of the high performance electromagnetic shielding fabrics, as compared to the various examples shown in table 3. The judging method of the weaving defects is that the problems of broken yarn, yarn jump, broken holes, leakage points and the like of the cloth cover are judged by quality inspectors.
TABLE 3 influence of the detwisting Process on the properties of fabrics
| Sequence number | Is negative twist | Number of fabric defects (1 m) 2 Inner part | Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness |
| Example 6 | Whether or not | At > 10 | ≥40dB |
| Example 7 | Is that | < 2 places | ≥50dB |
The aramid/stainless steel blend yarns, silver-plated filaments and connecting yarns used in the fabrics described in examples 6 to 7 are all the same, and specifically: the aramid/stainless steel blended yarn is characterized in that the plated metal filaments are silver-plated filaments, the connecting yarns are nylon filaments, and the ratio of 70D silver-plated filaments to 40S aramid stainless steel blended yarn=1:2 is the same between the warp and weft yarns. After the yarn is twisted, the possibility that the warp yarn generates weaving defects and broken yarns due to untwisting and twisting in the weaving process is greatly reduced; in addition, the reduction of broken yarns makes the conductive network formed on the fabric more compact, and improves the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the fabric.
Specifically, the weaving process of the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric mainly comprises the following steps: the double beams were woven and the tension applied to the beams was different, the effect of the tension on the beams on the appearance of the fabric is shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 influence of tension on fabric properties on two warp beams
The aramid/stainless steel blended yarn, the silver-plated filament yarn and the connecting yarn used in the fabrics described in examples 8 to 10 are the same, and the ratio between the warp and weft yarns is the same, and because the properties of the radial aramid/stainless steel blended yarn and the silver-plated filament yarn differ greatly, the tension applied on the two warp beams can have a great influence on the appearance of the fabrics due to the difference of rigidity and elasticity; therefore, in the method for manufacturing the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric, the selection and proportioning of yarns (including aramid/stainless steel blended yarns, silver-plated filaments and connecting yarns) and the determination of a weaving process are optimized, so that the high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric with smooth appearance and soft hand feeling is obtained.
The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the high-performance electromagnetic shielding fabric is carried out in a frequency range of 300 MHz-20 GHz by referring to GJB6190-2008, and the test result shows that the shielding effectiveness is more than or equal to 30dB in the whole frequency range, and the appearance is smooth, and the number of weaving defects (1 m) 2 Inner) is controlled within 10, and the shielding effectiveness is preferably more than or equal to 50dB.
Working principle: the electromagnetic shielding material with good performance should have higher conductivity and magnetic conductivity. Some metals or alloys are good conductors of electricity, such as copper, aluminum and the like, and have good shielding effect on high-impedance electric fields, but shielding on low-impedance magnetic fields is not ideal; while some metals or alloys, such as iron, have a good shielding effect on low-resistance magnetic fields. For good shielding over a wide frequency range, the shielding material should be a combination of high conductivity and high permeability materials. The metal fiber is used as a good conductor of electromagnetic waves and can be used for manufacturing electromagnetic radiation protective clothing with excellent protective performance, so that the conductive fiber blended yarn and the metal plated filament are used as main materials for manufacturing the shell type electromagnetic radiation protective clothing fabric, the shielding effectiveness of the electromagnetic radiation protective clothing is improved, and safety guarantee can be provided for operation of army fighters in an electromagnetic leakage environment.
While particular embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made without departing from the principles of the utility model, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
The utility model is applicable to the prior art where it is not described.
Claims (10)
1. A high performance electromagnetic shielding fabric, characterized by: the fabric comprises an outer metal protective layer (1) and an inner metal protective layer (2), wherein the two layers are connected by connecting yarns; the outer metal protective layer (1) mainly comprises blended yarns formed by blending aramid fibers and conductive fibers, the inner metal protective layer (2) mainly comprises metal-plated filaments, and the use number ratio of the blended yarns to the metal-plated filaments is 1-3:1; the blended yarn is woven radially, the plated metal filaments are woven in the warp and weft directions, and the breaking strength of the weft connecting yarn is 5-7 cN/dtex.
2. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic shielding fabric has a shielding effectiveness of at least 30dB in a frequency range of 300MHz to 20GHz, preferably an electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 30 to 60dB, and has a flat appearance, soft hand feel, and a flat grammage of 160 to 230g/m 2 Preferably 190-220 g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And has the performances of high strength, wear resistance, horizontal flame retardance and the like, and is 1m 2 The number of internal weaving defects is controlled within 10.
3. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the mass specific gravity of the conductive fibers in the blended yarn is 20-30%, and the content of the aramid fibers is 70-80%; the conductive fibers are stainless steel fibers; the aramid fiber and the conductive fiber are uniformly mixed through the processes of opening and picking, carding, stretch-breaking, drawing and roving and spinning;
the inner metal protective layer is silver-plated filaments, the mass content of silver on the silver-plated filaments is 15% -25%, and the matrix of the silver-plated filaments is chinlon filaments; preferably, the mass content of silver is 17%, and the breaking strength of the silver-plated filament is 4.8-6.5 cN/dtex;
the connecting yarn is a chemical fiber with excellent mechanical properties, and comprises at least one of terylene, chinlon and acrylon; the connecting yarn is one of porous multifilament and monofilament, and the linear density of the yarn is 30-50D; preferably, the weft connecting yarns are fully drawn monofilament yarns.
4. The fabric according to claim 3, wherein the blended yarn is drawn and cut by a drawing and clamping method in the processing process, drawing and drawing are carried out by a drawing and mixing method, and the drawing and drawing are processed simultaneously, and when the drawing and cutting are carried out, the aramid fiber strips wrap the stainless steel fibers up and down to obtain the core-spun yarn with the stainless steel fibers uniformly wrapped; simultaneously drawing is carried out, the drawing process is two-step drawing, so that the stainless steel fiber and the aramid fiber in the form of filament bundles can be uniformly mixed, the uniformity of blended yarns is improved, and the production efficiency of the blending process is improved.
5. The fabric of claim 1, wherein the weave structure of the high-performance electromagnetic shielding fabric is one of warp and weft doubles, i.e., the fabric is a double layer structure; the outer metal protective layer (1) and the inner metal protective layer (2) of the fabric are one or two of broken twill, square plain weave and reinforced satin; the linear density of the warp and weft yarns is 40-180D, and the warp and weft density is: 550-660 roots/10 cm.
6. The fabric of claim 1, wherein the high performance electromagnetic shielding fabric is woven in the following manner: the outer metal protective layer is formed by weaving conductive fiber blended yarns in the radial direction to form warps, the inner metal protective layer is formed by weaving metallized filaments in the warp and weft directions, and yarns are connected between the inner layer and the outer layer and woven in the weft direction to obtain a double-layer structure; the double warp beams are adopted for weaving, the tension applied by the two warp beams is different, and the tension of warp yarns used for the outer metal protective layer is set to be larger than that of warp yarns used for the inner metal protective layer according to the characteristics of the outer layer yarns and the inner layer yarns;
on the premise of smooth and flexible fabric appearance, the shielding effectiveness is not less than 50dB in the frequency range of 300-20000 MHz;
preferably, the tension difference between the warp yarn used for the outer metal protective layer and the warp yarn used for the inner metal protective layer is 80N; the fabric formed on the loom is required to undergo a cloth inspection process, so that defects and slight holes on the surface of the fabric are removed and repaired; after the fabric is qualified in cloth inspection, the fabric needs post-finishing treatment, mainly comprising washing and shaping, wherein the washing process comprises the following steps: the temperature is 80-100 ℃ and the time is 30min; the shaping process is 100-120 ℃ and the speed is 30m/min.
7. A method of making a high performance electromagnetic shielding fabric as defined in claim 1, wherein the weaving process of the method comprises: raw yarn, twisting, warping, reeding, weaving and finishing; the temperature of the shaping box is controlled to be 100-180 ℃ during the twisting, and the time is 16-24 hours; applying tension to the yarn at 30-50 cN during warping; the weaving process uses a rapier loom to control the tension on the two warp beams within the range of 1300-2000N, so that the fabric is endowed with certain electromagnetic shielding effectiveness and appearance handfeel.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the warping process is such that the yarns are wound on the beam in regular arrangement after being unwound from the package, and the bottom tension > top tension of the package during the unwinding; when the yarn is wound on the beam, the tension configurations of the front section, the middle section and the rear section of the yarn in the length direction are different, the tension of the front section is 30-50 cN, the tension of the front section is 5-15 cN higher than the tension of the middle section, and the tension of the middle section is 5-10 cN higher than the tension of the rear section;
the warping machine adopts direct transmission warp beam type equipment, preferably the speed of the warping machine is 1200m/min, the width is 143.5cm, and the diameter of the warp beam is 1000mm;
when a rapier loom is used for biaxial weaving, the tension applied to the two loom beams of warp yarns is different, and the tension of the loom beam of the blended yarn is larger than the tension of the loom beam of the metal plating filament, wherein the tension applied to the loom beam of the blended yarn is 1500-2000N, and the tension applied to the loom beam of the metal plating filament is 1300-1500N; preferably, the loom speed is 150-300 r/min, and the heald frame height is 120mm.
9. Use of a high performance electromagnetic shielding fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or a fabric obtained by the manufacturing method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that said fabric is applied to a military or civil high performance electromagnetic radiation protection fabric, a swiftsman or a live working protection fabric.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the protective fabric is used for making an electromagnetic radiation protective suit, a working suit for a swirled suit or a live working person, a protective cap, a protective glove, a protective sock, a protective tent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310747557.0A CN116804298A (en) | 2023-06-25 | 2023-06-25 | High-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric and manufacturing method and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310747557.0A CN116804298A (en) | 2023-06-25 | 2023-06-25 | High-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric and manufacturing method and application thereof |
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| CN116804298A true CN116804298A (en) | 2023-09-26 |
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| CN202310747557.0A Pending CN116804298A (en) | 2023-06-25 | 2023-06-25 | High-efficiency electromagnetic shielding fabric and manufacturing method and application thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116804298A (en) |
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