CN116799492A

CN116799492A - Antenna device

Info

Publication number: CN116799492A
Application number: CN202310731167.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢华刚
Original assignee: Changzhou Ketewa Electronics Co ltd
Current assignee: Changzhou Ketewa Electronics Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-06-20
Filing date: 2023-06-20
Publication date: 2023-09-22

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna device, comprising: a connection part for connecting with a transmission line of an external device; a grounding part for connecting with the ground of the external device; a first power distribution circuit connected to the connection portion; a second power dividing line connected to the ground portion; a plurality of sets of dipoles; the first power branching circuit comprises a plurality of first connecting branches connected in parallel, and the second power branching circuit comprises a plurality of second connecting branches connected in parallel; each group of dipoles comprises a first radiation surface and a second radiation surface, the first radiation surface of each group of dipoles is connected with one first connecting branch, and the second radiation surface of each group of dipoles is connected with one second connecting branch, so that parallel feeding is realized for a plurality of groups of dipole entities. The antenna device is used for improving the horizontal radiation performance of the antenna device and enhancing the transmission distance of the antenna device under the condition that the transmission power of the antenna device is not required to be enhanced.

Description

Antenna device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna apparatus.

Background

Existing devices such as routers and drones typically transmit signals through WiFi, and therefore, the routers and drones may set an antenna device to transmit WiFi signals. The antenna device can weaken along with the increase of distance in transmission WiFi signal, also can cause the weakening of WiFi signal because of shielding of objects such as wall simultaneously.

The dipoles in the existing antenna device are commonly in a series feed mode, so that phases of a plurality of dipole oscillators are inconsistent, the horizontal radiation performance of the antenna device is poor, and the transmission performance of WiFi signals in the horizontal direction is poor. The existing mode of enhancing the WiFi signal of the antenna device is mostly to increase the transmitting power of the antenna device, and the increase of the transmitting power can lead to the radiation enhancement to the human body, and if the human body is positioned around the antenna device for a long time, the human body can be damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an antenna device, which is used for improving the horizontal radiation performance of the antenna device and enhancing the transmission distance of the antenna device without enhancing the transmission power of the antenna device.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an antenna device, comprising:

the connecting part is used for being connected with a transmission line of external equipment;

a grounding part for connecting with the ground of an external device;

the first power dividing circuit is connected with the connecting part and comprises a plurality of first connecting branches connected in parallel;

the second power dividing circuit is connected with the grounding part and comprises a plurality of second connecting branches connected in parallel;

each dipole comprises a first radiation surface and a second radiation surface, the first radiation surface of each dipole is connected with one first connecting branch, and the second radiation surface of each dipole is connected with one second connecting branch, so that parallel feeding is realized for the dipole groups.

Preferably, the first radiation surface comprises a plurality of radiation branches, one end of the longest radiation branch in the first radiation surface is provided with a metal sheet, and the longest radiation branch in the first radiation surface is bent at the metal sheet;

and/or the second radiation surface comprises a plurality of radiation branches, one end of the longest radiation branch in the second radiation surface is provided with a metal sheet, and the longest radiation branch in the second radiation surface is bent at the metal sheet.

Preferably, the metal sheet manufacturing device further comprises a base plate, wherein the base plate is provided with a mounting groove, and at least one part of the metal sheet is arranged in the mounting groove.

Preferably, the metal sheet is aligned centrally with the substrate in the thickness direction of the substrate.

Preferably, a connection pad is arranged at the bending position of the longest radiation branch in the first radiation surface and/or the bending position of the longest radiation branch in the second radiation surface, and the metal sheet is welded to the connection pad.

Preferably, a pair of connection pads are arranged at the bending position of the longest radiation branch in the first radiation surface and/or the bending position of the longest radiation branch in the second radiation surface; the pair of connecting pads are arranged on two opposite sides of the substrate, the substrate is provided with a metallized through hole for connecting the pair of connecting pads, and the pair of connecting pads are conducted through the metallized through hole.

Preferably, the spacing between adjacent two sets of dipoles is at least three quarters of the dielectric wavelength.

Preferably, two groups of coupling microstrip lines are arranged on one side of each group of dipoles, and the two groups of coupling microstrip lines are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the dipoles.

Preferably, the substrate further comprises a substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; the first power dividing circuit and the plurality of groups of first radiation surfaces of the dipoles are arranged on the first surface; the second power dividing circuit and the second radiation surfaces of the plurality of groups of dipoles are arranged on the second surface.

Preferably, the connecting portion is disposed on the first surface, the grounding portion is disposed on the second surface, a positive grounding pad is further disposed on the first surface, a metalized through hole for connecting the positive grounding pad and the grounding portion is disposed on the substrate, and the positive grounding pad and the grounding portion are conducted through the metalized through hole.

Preferably, the material of the substrate is FR4 material, and the substrate is prepared with the first radiation surface and/or the second radiation surface by a printed circuit board.

Preferably, the first power dividing line and/or the second power dividing line are equal power dividing lines.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:

1. the parallel feed is realized on the multiple groups of dipole entities, so that the phase consistency of the multiple dipole radiating surfaces can be easily realized, the maximum radiating surface of the multiple groups of dipole entities is positioned in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal radiation performance and the transmission distance of the antenna device are improved under the same transmitting power.

2. The weight of the antenna device is reduced by adopting the substrate made of the FR4 material and adopting the printed circuit board to manufacture the first radiation surface and/or the second radiation surface, the manufacturing method is simple, and the radiation surfaces of the dipoles can keep good consistency.

3. By arranging two groups of coupling microstrip lines on one side of each group of dipoles, the horizontal omnidirectional characteristic of the antenna device is improved, and the antenna device has good gain characteristic.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the antenna assembly of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of a part of the structure of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another aspect of the antenna assembly of FIG. 2;

fig. 5 is a partial schematic view of a structure of still another part of the antenna device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the standing wave ratio change of the antenna device in the frequency band of 2.20-2.60 GHz;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the standing wave ratio change of the antenna device in the 5.00-6.20 GHz band;

fig. 8 is a gain pattern of the antenna device according to the embodiment of the present invention when phi=0° and 90 ° at a frequency of 2.45 GHz;

fig. 9 is a gain pattern of the antenna device according to the embodiment of the present invention when phi=0° and 90 ° at a frequency of 5.8 GHz;

fig. 10 is a radiation pattern of the antenna device of the embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 2.45GHz theta=90°;

fig. 11 is a radiation pattern of the antenna device of the embodiment of the present invention when theta=90° at a frequency of 5.8 GHz;

fig. 12 is a 3D gain plot of an antenna device of an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 2.45 GHz;

fig. 13 is a 3D gain plot at 5.8GHz frequency for an antenna device of an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 14 is a radiation pattern when theta=90° at a frequency of 2.45GHz after the coupling microstrip line is removed from the antenna device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a radiation pattern when theta=90° at a frequency of 5.8GHz after removing the coupling microstrip line in the antenna device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a substrate; 11. a first surface; 111. a connection part; 112. a positive ground pad; 12. a second surface; 121. a grounding part; 13. a mounting groove; 14. a connection pad; 15. metallizing the through holes; 2. a first power dividing line; 21. a first connection branch; 3. a second power dividing line; 31. a second connection branch; 4. a dipole; 41. a first radiation surface; 411. a first radiation branch; 412. a second radiation branch; 42. a second radiation surface; 421. a third radiation branch; 422. a fourth radiation branch; 5. a metal sheet; 6. coupling a microstrip line; 61. an input microstrip line; 62. and outputting a microstrip line.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted.

The words expressing the positions and directions described in the present invention are described by taking the drawings as an example, but can be changed according to the needs, and all the changes are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 1, a dipole 4, a power dividing line, and a metal sheet 5.

With further reference to fig. 2 and 4, the substrate 1 is provided with a connection 111, a positive ground pad 112, a ground 121, opposite first 11 and second 12 surfaces. The connection portion 111 and the positive ground pad 112 may be disposed on the first surface 11, and the ground portion 121 may be disposed on the second surface 12. The connection section 111 is for connection with a transmission line of an external device, for example, with a radio frequency connector core wire; the connection portion 111 may be a rectangular pad. The positive ground pad 112 may be electrically connected to the ground 121 through a metallized via 15 provided in the substrate 1, and the positive ground pad 112 may be used for ground connection to an external device, such as a radio frequency connector. The ground 121 is used for ground connection with an external device, for example, the ground 121 is connected with the ground of the frequency connector through the positive ground pad 112. The radio frequency connector can be connected with the terminal equipment so as to enable the antenna device to be connected with the terminal equipment.

Further, the substrate 1 may be made of FR4 material, such as FR-4 epoxy glass laminated board. Wherein FR4 is the code of the existing flame-retardant material grade. The substrate 1 of FR4 material is low cost, simple to manufacture, light in weight and easy to mount and fix on equipment such as routers, drones and the like.

Dipole 4 may include two frequencies, 2.45GHz and 5.8 GHz. The dipoles 4 are provided in groups, each group of dipoles 4 comprising a first radiating surface 41 and a second radiating surface 42. The first radiating surface 41 and the second radiating surface 42 can be formed on the substrate 1 through a printed circuit board shape to replace the existing dipole oscillator made of metal materials, so that the weight of the antenna device is reduced, the preparation method of the dipole radiating surface is simple, and the radiating surfaces of the dipoles 4 can keep good consistency.

With further reference to fig. 2, the first radiating surface 41 of each set of dipoles 4 is connected to a connection 111. The second radiating surface 42 of each set of dipoles 4 is connected to the ground 121. In order to reduce the interaction between adjacent two sets of dipoles 4, the spacing between adjacent two sets of dipoles 4 is at least three quarters of the wavelength of the medium, so as to ensure the horizontal omni-directionality, bandwidth and gain of the antenna arrangement. The medium wavelength is the transmission distance of the antenna in one vibration period in the medium, and the medium can be air or the like.

With further reference to fig. 3, the first radiating surface 41 includes a plurality of radiating branches, and the plurality of radiating branches are different in length. The length direction of the radiation branches of the first radiation surface 41 is the same as the length direction of the substrate 1. The plurality of first radiating surfaces 41 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the radiating branches, so that the longest radiating branch among the plurality of radiating branches of the first radiating surfaces 41 determines the length of the whole formed by the plurality of first radiating surfaces 41. Specifically, the first radiating surface 41 may include a first radiating branch 411 and a second radiating branch 412, where the length of the first radiating branch 411 is longer than that of the second radiating branch 412, i.e., the first radiating branch 411 is the longest radiating branch in the first radiating surface 41. In order to shorten the length of the whole of the plurality of first radiating surfaces 41 to reduce the size of the antenna device, one end of the first radiating branch 411 is provided with a metal sheet 5, and the first radiating branch 411 may be bent at the metal sheet 5 to reduce the length of the first radiating branch 411. The plane of the metal sheet 5 is approximately perpendicular to the length direction of the first radiation branch 411, and the bent portion of the first radiation branch 411 is attached to the metal sheet 5.

With further reference to fig. 5, the second radiation surface 42 also includes a plurality of radiation branches, and the plurality of radiation branches also have different lengths. Specifically, the second radiating surface 42 includes a third radiating stub 421 and a fourth radiating stub 422. The third radiation branch 421 has a length longer than the fourth radiation branch 422, i.e. the third radiation branch 421 is the longest radiation branch in the second radiation surface 42. Therefore, in order to reduce the size of the antenna device, one end of the third radiating stub 421 is provided with the metal sheet 5, and the third radiating stub 421 is bent at the metal sheet 5. The plane of the metal sheet 5 is approximately perpendicular to the length direction of the third radiation branch 421, and the bending portion of the third radiation branch 421 is attached to the metal sheet 5.

In the group of dipoles 4, the metal sheet 5 corresponding to the first radiation surface 41 is arranged at one end of the longest radiation branch in the first radiation surface 41, which is away from the second radiation surface 42; the metal sheet 5 corresponding to the second radiation surface 42 is disposed at one end of the longest radiation branch in the second radiation surface 42 facing away from the first radiation surface 41. Wherein the metal sheet 5 may have a rectangular structure.

When the frequency of the dipole 4 needs to be adjusted, the 2.45GHz frequency can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the metal sheets 5, and the 5.8GHz frequency can also be adjusted by adjusting the length of the shorter radiation branches in the first radiation surface 41 and/or the second radiation surface 42; by adjusting the frequency of the dipoles 4, the plurality of dipoles 4 can be kept in a uniform state, and the uniformity of the plurality of first radiation surfaces 41 and/or the plurality of second radiation surfaces 42 can be ensured.

To facilitate the mounting of the metal sheet 5, the substrate 1 is provided with mounting grooves 13 and connection pads 14. The metal sheet 5 may be inserted into the mounting groove 13 to facilitate the mounting of the metal sheet 5. When the metal sheet 5 is embedded in the mounting groove 13, the middle part of the metal sheet 5 is accommodated in the mounting groove 13, opposite ends of the metal sheet 5 along the thickness direction of the substrate 1 are protruded outside the substrate 1, and opposite ends of the metal sheet 5 along the thickness direction of the substrate 1 are protruded outside the substrate 1 by the same length, so that the metal sheet 5 is aligned with the substrate 1 in the center in the thickness direction of the substrate 1.

The connection pads 14 are provided on a side of the metal sheet 5 facing the radiation stub corresponding thereto, and are electrically connected with the radiation stub. The connection pads 14 are used for soldering with the metal sheet 5 so that the metal sheet 5 is fixed to the substrate 1 and electrically connected with the corresponding radiation branches. Preferably, a pair of connection pads 14 is disposed on a side of the metal sheet 5 facing the radiation branches corresponding to the metal sheet, the pair of connection pads 14 are respectively located on the first surface 11 and the second surface 12, the projection positions of the pair of connection pads 14 on the first surface 11 are the same, and the pair of connection pads 14 are conducted through a metallized through hole 15 disposed on the substrate 1, so that the metal sheet 5 can be soldered with the connection pad 14 located on the first surface 11 and/or the connection pad 14 located on the second surface 12.

The power dividing circuit comprises a first power dividing circuit 2 and a second power dividing circuit 3. One end of the first power dividing line 2 is connected with the connecting portion 111, the other end forms a plurality of first connecting branches 21 connected in parallel, each first connecting branch 21 is connected with one first radiating surface 41, so that the first radiating surfaces 41 are connected with the connecting portion 111 through the first power dividing line 2, and the plurality of first radiating surfaces 41 are connected in parallel. The number of first connecting branches 21 is the same as the number of first radiating surfaces 41. One end of the second power dividing circuit 3 is connected with the grounding part 121, the other end forms a plurality of second connecting branches 31 which are connected in parallel, each second connecting branch 31 is connected with one second radiating surface 42, so that the second radiating surface 42 is connected with the grounding part 121 through the second power dividing circuit 3, and the plurality of second radiating surfaces 42 are connected in parallel. The number of second connecting branches 31 is the same as the number of second radiating surfaces 42. The first power dividing circuit 2 and the second power dividing circuit 3 are matched, so that the dipoles 4 realize parallel feeding. In addition, in order to further facilitate achieving phase consistency between dipole radiating surfaces, the first power distribution circuit 2 and/or the second power distribution circuit 3 may employ equal power distribution circuits.

The number of the first connection branches 21 and the second connection branches 31 may be three, and the number of the dipoles 4 is three correspondingly; the power distribution circuit forms a one-to-three equivalent power network, so that the current of each dipole 4 is of equal amplitude and same phase, and the phase consistency between the dipole radiation surfaces is maintained. The total length of the antenna device formed with the three sets of dipoles 4 may be 140-160 mm, and in particular may be 150mm.

Because the existing multi-group dipole 4 adopts a series feed mode, the phase consistency of the multi-group dipole oscillators cannot be realized, and the maximum radiation direction of the multi-group dipole 4 is not in the water surface direction, so that the radiation performance of the antenna device in the horizontal direction is poor. The invention adopts the mode of arranging a plurality of dipoles 4 into parallel feed, and can easily realize the phase consistency of the radiation surfaces of the plurality of dipoles 4, so that the maximum radiation surface of the plurality of dipoles 4 is positioned in the horizontal direction. Therefore, compared with the existing antenna device, the antenna device adopting parallel feed can effectively improve the horizontal radiation performance of the antenna device and enhance the transmission distance of the antenna device.

The first radiation surface 41 and the second radiation surface 42 in the dipole 4 are the same in shape and are oppositely arranged, and the first radiation surface 41 and the second radiation surface 42 are symmetrically distributed along an axis, which is the central axis of the dipole 4. Two sets of coupling microstrip lines 6 are further disposed on one side of the dipole 4, and the two sets of coupling microstrip lines 6 may be disposed on the first surface 11. The two groups of coupling microstrip lines 6 are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the dipole 4; so that a group of coupling microstrip lines 6 corresponds to the first radiation surface 41 and are all located on the first surface 11; a set of coupling microstrip lines 6 corresponds to the second radiating surface 42, and both are located on different surfaces. The distance between the coupling microstrip line 6 and the first radiating surface 41 or the second radiating surface 42 is preferably 1mm.

With further reference to fig. 6 to 13, HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator, high frequency structure simulation) test is adopted for the antenna device of the present invention, which indicates that the antenna standing wave is less than 2.0 at the frequency bands of 2.45GHz and 5.8 GHz; under the frequency band of 2.45GHz, the gain is greater than 5.0dBi, and the out-of-roundness of the H surface is less than 2.0dB; at the frequency band of 5.8GHz, the gain is larger than 7.5dBi, and the out-of-roundness of the H surface is less than 4.0dB. With further reference to fig. 14 and 15, after the coupling microstrip line 6 is removed, HFSS test shows that the out-of-roundness of the H-plane is less than 2.1dB in the 2.4GHz band, and less than 8.0dB in the 5.8GHz band. It can be seen that the coupling microstrip line 6 is disposed at one side of each dipole 4, so as to effectively improve the horizontal omni-directional characteristic of the antenna device and make the antenna device have good gain characteristic.

Each set of coupling microstrip lines 6 comprises an input microstrip line 61 and an output microstrip line 62, the input microstrip line 61 and the output microstrip line 62 preferably being 0.8mm. The output microstrip line 62 is arranged on the side of the input microstrip line 61 facing away from the dipole 4. By adjusting the width of the output microstrip line 62 and/or the distance between the output microstrip line 62 and the ground 121, the impedance matching performance of the antenna device can be adjusted, so that the antenna device can have good impedance matching performance, and further the overall characteristic of the antenna device in the horizontal direction is improved.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made therein by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, all such changes being within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna device, comprising:

a connection unit (111) for connecting with a transmission line of an external device;

a grounding part (121) for connecting with the ground of an external device;

a first power dividing circuit (2) connected to the connection portion (111), the first power dividing circuit (2) including a plurality of first connecting branches (21) connected in parallel;

a second power dividing circuit (3) connected to the ground (121), the second power dividing circuit (3) including a plurality of second connecting branches (31) connected in parallel;

-a plurality of groups of dipoles (4), each group of dipoles (4) comprising a first radiating surface (41) and a second radiating surface (42), the first radiating surface (41) of each group of dipoles (4) being connected to one of the first connecting branches (21), the second radiating surface (42) of each group of dipoles (4) being connected to one of the second connecting branches (31) so as to enable a parallel feeding of the plurality of groups of dipoles (4).

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first radiating surface (41) comprises a plurality of radiating branches, one end of the longest radiating branch in the first radiating surface (41) is provided with a metal sheet (5), and the longest radiating branch in the first radiating surface (41) is bent at the metal sheet (5);

and/or the second radiation surface (42) comprises a plurality of radiation branches, one end of the longest radiation branch in the second radiation surface (42) is provided with a metal sheet (5), and the longest radiation branch in the second radiation surface (42) is bent at the metal sheet (5).

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, further comprising a base plate (1), the base plate (1) being provided with a mounting groove (13), at least a portion of the metal sheet (5) being provided in the mounting groove (13).

4. An antenna arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the metal sheet (5) is aligned centrally with the substrate (1) in the thickness direction of the substrate (1).

5. An antenna arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the bending of the longest radiating stub in the first radiating surface (41) and/or the bending of the longest radiating stub in the second radiating surface (42) is provided with a connection pad (14), the metal sheet (5) being welded to the connection pad (14).

6. The antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that the bending of the longest radiating branch in the first radiating surface (41) and/or the bending of the longest radiating branch in the second radiating surface (42) is provided with a pair of said connection pads (14); the pair of connecting pads (14) are arranged on two opposite sides of the substrate (1), the substrate (1) is provided with a metallized through hole (15) connected with the pair of connecting pads (14), and the pair of connecting pads (14) are conducted through the metallized through hole (15).

7. An antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacing between adjacent groups of dipoles (4) is at least three-quarters of the dielectric wavelength.

8. An antenna arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that one side of each set of said dipoles (4) is provided with two sets of coupling microstrip lines (6), the two sets of coupling microstrip lines (6) being symmetrically distributed along the central axis of said dipoles (4).

9. The antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising a substrate (1), the substrate (1) comprising opposing first (11) and second (12) surfaces; the first power distribution circuit (2) and the first radiation surfaces (41) of the plurality of groups of dipoles (4) are arranged on the first surface (11); the second power distribution circuit (3) and the second radiation surfaces (42) of the plurality of groups of dipoles (4) are arranged on the second surface (12).

10. The antenna device according to claim 9, characterized in that the connection portion (111) is provided to the first surface (11), the grounding portion (121) is provided to the second surface (12), the first surface (11) is further provided with a positive grounding pad (112), the substrate (1) is provided with a metallized through hole (15) connecting the positive grounding pad (112) and the grounding portion (121), and the positive grounding pad (112) and the grounding portion (121) are conducted through the metallized through hole (15).

11. The antenna device according to claim 3 or 9, characterized in that the material of the substrate (1) is FR4 material, the substrate (1) being prepared with the first radiating surface (41) and/or the second radiating surface (42) by means of a printed circuit board.

12. The antenna arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the first power distribution circuit (2) and/or the second power distribution circuit (3) are equal power distribution circuits.