CN116796487A - BIM design method based on CAD - Google Patents
BIM design method based on CAD Download PDFInfo
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- CN116796487A CN116796487A CN202210270773.6A CN202210270773A CN116796487A CN 116796487 A CN116796487 A CN 116796487A CN 202210270773 A CN202210270773 A CN 202210270773A CN 116796487 A CN116796487 A CN 116796487A
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 101100326580 Arabidopsis thaliana CAD4 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 101100123053 Arabidopsis thaliana GSH1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 101150081304 CAD2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 101150096994 Cdx1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 101100381325 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) PCA1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 101100438168 Arabidopsis thaliana CAD9 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 101100494469 Dictyostelium discoideum cadA gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 101100178218 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) hmt2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 101150018983 cad1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 101710091104 Probable cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 1 Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 101100326595 Arabidopsis thaliana CAD6 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 101150017030 CAD3 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The invention provides a CAD-based BIM design method, which comprises the following steps: s1, converting a two-dimensional drawing CAD1 into a three-dimensional model for design error checking, and then executing step S2 or step S3; s2, repeating the step S1 aiming at the modified two-dimensional drawing CAD 1; and S3, outputting a two-dimensional drawing CAD2 according to the three-dimensional model. The scheme can help a designer to avoid design errors conveniently and efficiently, so that the design quality is improved, and the design requirement of a construction drawing is met. And the three-dimensional software usage does not need to be relearned by a designer, the learning cost of the designer does not need to be increased, and the three-dimensional model for the designer to comprehensively know the design result can be obtained while the CAD drawing habit of the designer is reserved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building design, and particularly relates to a CAD-based BIM design method.
Background
At present, the architectural engineering design drawings are two-dimensional drawings which are respectively drawn based on CAD (computer aided design) by multiple design lines, but the actual engineering projects are three-dimensional, and only the architectural design drawings in the two-dimensional states cannot perfectly show an accurate design state, so that a plurality of design errors cannot be found in the design, and a great deal of reworking and resource waste are caused after the actual construction.
Based on the above reasons, a scheme of designing by using three-dimensional BIM software is proposed at present, the manner of designing by using the three-dimensional software is to design in the BIM software by a designer, and then the design result is subjected to two-dimensional engineering drawing to obtain the final delivery result, so that the purpose of two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage is achieved, a plurality of design errors can be found in a three-dimensional state, and the design errors can be avoided to a certain extent. However, in this way, the designer needs to be familiar with BIM software usage, and most of designers adopt CAD drawing, and are familiar with drawing skills and drawing modes of CAD, so that the designer needs to learn BIM software such as Revit again to perform design by using BIM software, which increases the learning cost of the designer, and the output of serial BIM software such as Revit to the design result generally cannot meet the requirement of the construction drawing result, so most of the BIM software is used as auxiliary design software, and the dual improvement of the design quality and the design efficiency cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a BIM design method based on CAD.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a CAD-based BIM design method comprising the steps of:
s1, converting a two-dimensional drawing CAD1 into a three-dimensional model for design error checking, and then executing step S2 or step S3;
s2, repeating the step S1 aiming at the modified two-dimensional drawing CAD 1;
and S3, outputting a two-dimensional drawing CAD2 according to the three-dimensional model.
In the above-described CAD-based BIM design method, in step S1, the design error check is manually checked by a designer and/or automatically checked by a collaboration platform.
In the CAD-based BIM design method described above, in step S1, the collaboration platform performs automatic design error checking through multiple specialized collision checks;
and the multi-specialty crash inspection method includes:
s101, linking all professions of the same item through an external chain tool;
s102, when a collision instruction is received, performing collision detection on two or more corresponding professional three-dimensional models according to a preset rule;
s103, when collision conflict exists among professions, an error prompt is given.
In the above-mentioned CAD-based BIM design method, in step S1, the two-dimensional drawing CAD1 is drawn by a designer using CAD software on a collaborative platform.
In the above-mentioned CAD-based BIM design method, in step S1, the designer draws the two-dimensional drawing CAD1 by creating a blank CAD1 file on the collaborative platform, and matches the CAD1 file to the project for the out-linking tool to link each specialty of the same project.
In the above-mentioned CAD-based BIM design method, the process of drawing the two-dimensional drawing CAD1 on the collaboration platform by the designer includes:
s111, dividing areas according to floors through drawing frame functions, and placing positioning points at the same positions of each floor;
s112, drawing CAD single line content through a tool menu function, and endowing the CAD single line content with component attributes including height and materials;
s113, setting floor information of corresponding items including floor numbers and floor levels through a model function, and matching the floor areas in the step S111 with the floor information;
s114, starting the step S1 by clicking a browse button.
In the CAD-based BIM design method described above, in the multi-specialty crash check method, when a crash occurs between specialty, the crash member/site is marked on the model display interface, and a summary list of the crash members/sites is provided.
In the above BIM design method based on CAD, in step S2, the three-dimensional model is converted into a two-dimensional drawing CAD2 by a data projection mode;
and step S2 specifically includes:
s21, obtaining a view type selected by a designer;
s22, performing projection operation on the three-dimensional model according to a multi-face projection method;
s23, outputting the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 with the corresponding view type for downloading by a user.
In the above BIM design method based on CAD, the downloading method is as follows:
s3, downloading the corresponding two-dimensional drawing CAD2 into a user local file CAD3 according to the operation of a user, wherein the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 exists in the local file CAD3 in a form of external parameters;
s4, forming a complete construction drawing by adding the two-dimensional information added by the user in the CAD3 and the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 of the external parameters.
The CAD-based BIM design method further comprises the step of ensuring the data consistency of the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 and the three-dimensional model through the following method:
s5, when the two-dimensional drawing CAD1 is detected to be modified, automatically generating a three-dimensional model;
s6, comparing the data consistency of the three-dimensional model generated in the step S5 and the two-dimensional drawing CAD2, and marking the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 of the external parameters in the CAD3 as a waste mark if the data consistency is inconsistent;
s5, replacing the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 downloaded again by the user with the old version of the two-dimensional drawing CAD2, and deleting the revocation marks.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the method helps a designer to avoid design errors conveniently and efficiently, thereby improving the design quality and meeting the design requirements of the construction diagram;
2. the three-dimensional software usage is not required to be re-learned by a designer, the learning cost of the designer is not required to be increased, and the three-dimensional model for the designer to comprehensively know the design result can be obtained while the CAD drawing habit of the designer is reserved;
3. the design personnel can cooperatively design, find and optimize the design problem in the three-dimensional state, and then export the optimized three-dimensional model into a CAD two-dimensional design drawing which can be used for drawing, so that the design quality and the design efficiency are ensured;
4. the three-dimensional models corresponding to different professions of the project can be used for performing collision detection, collision conflict points can be rapidly presented, a designer is helped to rapidly locate problem points, error detection efficiency is improved, and meanwhile error detection rate is improved, so that higher quality of a design drawing is guaranteed;
5. and a designer makes a two-dimensional drawing, and then projects each required view from a three-dimensional model converted from the two-dimensional drawing, so that an accurate two-dimensional construction drawing design result meeting national standard requirements can be output.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall workflow diagram of a CAD software-based BIM design method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a collision check process in a CAD software-based BIM design method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a first exemplary crash check results page;
FIG. 4 is a second exemplary crash check result page;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for obtaining a two-dimensional view by cutting and projecting a lightweight three-dimensional model;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for ensuring that a downloaded two-dimensional drawing is consistent with a three-dimensional model.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
According to the method, the problem that the requirement of a construction drawing result cannot be met easily in a mode that a designer draws a two-dimensional drawing and then outputs the two-dimensional drawing by using BIM software is solved, the three-dimensional software is not needed to be re-learned, and the designer can comprehensively know and check the design result in a three-dimensional model state on the premise that the traditional CAD operation habit of the designer is reserved, so that a plurality of design errors can be found in the design, the design errors are exposed and solved in advance, the construction drawing design quality is guaranteed, and the purposes of little change and even zero change in the later construction process are achieved.
In addition, the method is characterized in that a designer makes a two-dimensional drawing instead of a three-dimensional drawing, and then projects each required view from a three-dimensional model converted from the two-dimensional drawing, so that the drawing can be ensured to meet the requirement of construction drawing results. In addition, the method also utilizes the association relation among the professions of the same project in a breakthrough way, and adopts a mode of mutually colliding two or more professions of the same project to mutually and automatically check the design errors, so that the design error checking efficiency and the design error checking rate are improved. The same project usually refers to the same building of the same engineering project, or may refer to the same engineering project directly, and the former is preferable in this embodiment. The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the present solution provides a BIM design method based on CAD software, where a designer transforms into a lightweight three-dimensional building model by drawing a CAD single line and defining geometric properties, and specifically includes:
s1, a designer logs in an account number of the collaboration platform;
s2, if no corresponding matching item exists, a designer creates an item on the collaboration platform, then creates a blank CAD1 and matches the item, and if the corresponding matching item exists, the created CAD1 is directly matched with the corresponding item; namely, binding a two-dimensional drawing CAD1 drawn by a designer with project information and building information;
s3, drawing required floor operation areas in CAD1 by a designer through drawing frame functions in a plug-in operation panel, namely dividing the areas according to floors, and placing positioning points at the same position of each floor;
s4, drawing CAD single line content through a series of tool menu functions of the plug-in operation panel, such as walls, doors, windows, holes, rails, floors, lofting and the like, and endowing the CAD single line content with component attributes including heights, materials and the like;
s5, setting floor information such as the number of floors, the floor height and the like of the corresponding building through the model function of the plug-in operation panel, and matching the floor area in the step S3 with the floor information; of course, the order of steps S4 and S5 may be interchanged according to the usage habit of the designer.
S6, clicking a browse button, and converting the two-dimensional drawing CAD1 drawn in the steps S1-S5 into a light three-dimensional model. The designer can comprehensively understand own design achievements in a three-dimensional state, and the designer can conveniently check design errors manually.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the collaboration platform also performs automatic design error checking through multi-specialty crash checking:
s7, linking the generated three-dimensional model with other professions of the same project through an external link tool on a model browsing page, and linking the three-dimensional model with other professions of the same project when a designer enters the browsing page of the three-dimensional model;
s8, a designer clicks a collision button, a collaboration platform performs collision detection on two or more professional three-dimensional models according to preset rules, if collision conflict exists, an error prompt is given, if collision labels can be marked on the positions where collision occurs, the designer clicks the collision labels to check detailed collision results, if no collision conflict exists, the designer prompts the current automatic detection to be correct, and a plurality of professional names participating in the collision are recorded;
the designer may also select several other professions of the same project while clicking the collision button, i.e. perform collision checking according to the profession selected by the designer, such as performing collision checking for both the construction profession and the structural profession in fig. 2. If there is no problem in the design of several items involved in the collision check, the designs of the several items should be compatible and can be integrated into a collision-free building model, if there is a design error, the problem of collision occurs, such as in fig. 3, the collision occurs in which the structural beam encroaches on the building window, and in fig. 4, the collision occurs in which the structural ladder encroaches on the building window. As shown in fig. 1, when collision conflict occurs, a designer of a related professional may modify the two-dimensional drawing CAD1 according to the error prompt, and after the modification is completed, convert the modified two-dimensional drawing CAD1 into a three-dimensional model again and perform design error checking, such as performing collision checking again.
Further, the method also comprises a checking step:
and the check staff logs in the collaboration platform, opens a professional three-dimensional model on the model browsing page, directly performs manual check on the three-dimensional model, and performs circle and message recording on the model content through the checking function. The checking staff can also use the collision checking function to select two or more professions to perform collision checking, and then perform circle and leave a message on the model content of each profession according to the collision checking result.
After receiving the message annotation of the reviewer, the designer modifies the model, submits a modification draft after the modification is completed, and the collaboration platform informs the reviewer of the modification progress to prompt the reviewer to review. By the method, the checking efficiency and the checking accuracy of the checking staff can be improved, the working pressure of the checking staff is greatly reduced, and one checking staff can efficiently finish checking work which is originally required to be finished by a plurality of checking staff, so that the design cost input of a design company is saved, and meanwhile, the drawing quality of the design company is improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, in step S8, the three-dimensional model is converted into a two-dimensional drawing CAD2 by means of data projection:
s81, obtaining view types selected by a designer, setting geometrical coordinates and ranges in CAD1 through a view management function of a plug-in operation panel, defining parameters such as floors, facades and sections needing to be projected, automatically adding view types such as a plan view, a facade view and a section view, and then carrying out projection operation on the three-dimensional model according to a multi-face projection method to obtain projection data. If the floor to be cut into the plane can be quickly selected according to the floor information set in the step S5, then the cooperation platform performs projection of the plane diagram according to the default cutting height or the cutting height set by a designer; if the cutting line is drawn, the cutting position, the cutting direction and the cutting pattern are designated, then the cutting depth is set, and the projection of the sectional view and the elevation view can be carried out by clicking the activation projection command;
s82, outputting a two-dimensional drawing CAD2 with a corresponding view type, and storing the projection data in a cloud server of the collaboration platform for downloading by a user.
S9, the designer or other users send the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 selected by the users to the local CAD3 file of the users in the form of an external reference file through a view downloading function in view management, the designer can add two-dimensional information such as text notes, dimension marks and the like required by the construction drawing in the CAD3, and the information and the CAD2 which is externally added form a complete construction drawing and drawing.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the collaboration platform ensures that the content of CAD2 for drawing downloaded by the user is consistent with the content of the model through data comparison, so as to achieve the purpose that the drawing model is consistent all the time:
s11, generating a three-dimensional model A through the CAD1 drawn in the steps S1-S6, projecting the three-dimensional model A to form a two-dimensional drawing CAD2, and downloading the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 data to the local;
s12, if the collaboration platform detects that a designer modifies CAD1, automatically generating a new three-dimensional model B;
s13, comparing the consistency of the three-dimensional model B and the CAD2 data, and if the consistency is not consistent, marking a waste mark on the old version CAD2 so that the old version CAD2 cannot be mapped;
s14, when the user downloads the CAD2 again to update the version same as the three-dimensional model B, replacing the CAD2 with the new version and deleting the revocation marks, so that the CAD2 and the information in the CAD3 can form a set of complete construction drawing and drawing.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. A CAD-based BIM design method, comprising the steps of:
s1, converting a two-dimensional drawing CAD1 into a three-dimensional model for design error checking, and then executing step S2 or step S3;
s2, repeating the step S1 aiming at the modified two-dimensional drawing CAD 1;
and S3, outputting a two-dimensional drawing CAD2 according to the three-dimensional model.
2. The CAD-based BIM design method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the design error check is manually checked by a designer and/or automatically checked by a collaboration platform.
3. The CAD-based BIM design method according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the collaboration platform performs automatic design error checking through multi-specialty crash checking;
and the multi-specialty crash inspection method includes:
s101, linking all professions of the same item through an external chain tool;
s102, when a collision instruction is received, performing collision detection on two or more corresponding professional three-dimensional models according to a preset rule;
s103, when collision conflict exists among professions, an error prompt is given.
4. A CAD-based BIM design method according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, the two-dimensional drawing CAD1 is drawn by a designer using CAD software on a collaboration platform.
5. The CAD-based BIM design method according to claim 4, wherein in step S1, the designer draws the two-dimensional drawing CAD1 by creating a blank CAD1 file on the collaboration platform and matches the CAD1 file to the project for the out-linking tool to link the professionals of the same project.
6. The CAD-based BIM design method of claim 5, wherein the process of the designer drawing the two-dimensional drawing CAD1 on the collaboration platform includes:
s111, dividing areas according to floors, and placing positioning points at the same positions of each floor;
s112, drawing CAD single line content, and endowing the CAD single line content with component attributes including height and material;
s113, setting floor information of corresponding items including floor numbers and floor levels, and matching the floor areas in the step S111 with the floor information.
7. A CAD-based BIM design method according to claim 3, wherein in the multi-specialty crash check method, upon occurrence of a crash between specialty areas, the crash components/sites are marked on the model display interface and a summary list of the crash components/sites is provided.
8. The CAD-based BIM design method of claim 1, wherein in step S2, the three-dimensional model is converted into a two-dimensional drawing CAD2 by means of data projection;
and step S2 specifically includes:
s21, obtaining a view type selected by a designer;
s22, performing projection operation on the three-dimensional model according to a multi-face projection method;
s23, outputting the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 with the corresponding view type for downloading by a user.
9. The CAD-based BIM design method of claim 8, wherein the downloading method is:
s3, downloading the corresponding two-dimensional drawing CAD2 into a user local file CAD3 according to the operation of a user, wherein the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 exists in the local file CAD3 in a form of external parameters;
s4, forming a complete construction drawing by adding the two-dimensional information added by the user in the CAD3 and the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 of the external parameters.
10. The CAD-based BIM design method of claim 9, further comprising ensuring data consistency of the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 with the three-dimensional model by:
s5, when the two-dimensional drawing CAD1 is detected to be modified, automatically generating a three-dimensional model;
s6, comparing the data consistency of the three-dimensional model generated in the step S5 and the two-dimensional drawing CAD2, and marking the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 of the external parameters in the CAD3 as a waste mark if the data consistency is inconsistent;
s5, replacing the two-dimensional drawing CAD2 downloaded again by the user with the old version of the two-dimensional drawing CAD2, and deleting the revocation marks.
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