CN116794851A - Near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on super lens array and head-mounted display device - Google Patents
Near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on super lens array and head-mounted display device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system and a head-mounted display device based on a super-lens array, wherein the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system comprises a micro display screen and a super-lens array, wherein the micro display screen is used for displaying an image source and providing image source light; the super lens array is arranged on one side of the micro display screen for displaying images; the super lens array is used for modulating the image source light of the micro display screen, so that the image source light reconstructs 3D images on different depth planes. According to the near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the superlens array is adopted as an optical element for reconstructing a 3D image, so that convergence adjustment conflict does not exist; compared with a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system using the existing lens array (such as a micro-lens array), the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system has the advantages of light weight, thin thickness, array duty ratio up to 100%, high light field regulation degree of freedom, lower price and high productivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of superlens application, in particular to a near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system and a head-mounted display device based on a superlens array.
Background
Head mounted displays have been widely studied in recent years as the basic device of portable near-to-eye display systems. However, currently, the head-mounted display generally uses the principle of binocular parallax to perform 3D display, and human eye convergence adjustment conflicts exist, which easily brings about discomfort of human body such as visual fatigue. And as the most promising true 3D display technology, the integrated imaging generally utilizes a micro-lens array, can provide 3D scene information which is more in line with the visual mechanism of human eyes, and has more comfortable viewing sense. However, the existing microlens array has the defects of relatively large volume, low duty ratio, uneven surface and the like, so that the integrated imaging 3D display effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system and a head-mounted display device based on a super-lens array, which are used for solving the problems that the human eye convergence adjustment conflict of the existing head-mounted display and the micro-lens array in the near-eye integrated imaging system is relatively large in volume, low in duty ratio, uneven in surface and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on a super lens array comprises a micro display screen and a super lens array, wherein the micro display screen is used for displaying an image source and providing image source light;
the super lens array is arranged on one side of the micro display screen for displaying images;
the super lens array is used for modulating the image source light of the micro display screen, so that the image source light reconstructs 3D images on different depth planes.
Preferably, the device further comprises a light splitting element for fusing the reconstructed 3D image and external ambient light together to form an augmented reality effect;
the light splitting element is arranged between the human eye and the superlens array,
the super lens array and the light splitting element are respectively arranged on the light emitting side of the micro display screen; the light splitting element is positioned on the light emitting side of the super lens array;
the image source light emitted by the micro display screen firstly passes through the super lens array and then is emitted through the light splitting element.
Preferably, the Micro display screen adopts one of liquid crystal on silicon, a liquid crystal display, a digital Micro mirror device, digital light processing, a silicon-based OLED and a Micro LED.
Preferably, the superlens array is formed by a plurality of identical superlenses arranged periodically, and the focal planes of all the superlenses are in the same plane.
Further, the phase distribution of each superlens within the superlens array satisfies the following:
wherein, (x, y) represents the coordinate position from the center of the superlens, λ represents the wavelength of incident light, f represents the focal length of the superlens, and C is the phase constant.
Preferably, the superlens array comprises a substrate, a nano-pillar structure and a cover layer; the nano column structure is long on the substrate, and the cover layer covers the gap of the nano column structure.
Further, the arrangement mode of the nano column structure comprises one of tetragonal lattice arrangement and hexagonal lattice arrangement.
Further, the nano-pillar structure is a columnar structure, and the cross section of the nano-pillar structure is a plane figure with 90-degree rotational symmetry.
Preferably, the light-splitting element comprises one of a light-splitting film, a light-splitting prism, a light-splitting lens, a light-splitting cube and a free-form surface light-splitting element.
Preferably, the image source displayed by the micro display screen is a 2D image calculated by an integrated imaging algorithm.
A head-mounted display device comprising a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on a superlens array as described above.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on the super-lens array, provided by the invention, virtual 3D images with depth information can be generated after image source light emitted by the micro-display screen passes through the super-lens array, a 3D scene can be observed and obtained by human eyes only through monocular adjustment, and the problem of binocular parallax eye convergence adjustment conflict does not exist.
The invention adopts the superlens array as an optical element for reconstructing the 3D image, so that the convergence adjustment conflict does not exist; compared with a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system using the existing lens array (such as a micro-lens array), the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system has the advantages of light weight, thin thickness, array duty ratio up to 100%, high light field regulation degree of freedom, lower price and high productivity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic light path diagram of a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on a superlens array according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a superlens array.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a side view of a superlens array.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the focusing effect of a single superlens within a superlens array; wherein light propagates along the z-direction, graph (a) is a yz plane focusing effect graph, graph (b) is a focal spot profile, and graph (c) is a cross-section along the x-direction of the focal spot centerline.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an optical path of a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on a superlens array according to embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a head mounted display device including a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on a superlens array.
In the figure, a 1-superlens array, a 101-nano column structure, a 102-covering layer, a 103-substrate, a 2-micro display screen, a 3-human eye, a 4-first reconstruction object, a 5-second reconstruction object, a 6-light splitting element, a 7-superlens, an 8-portable mirror holder, a 9-first real object, a 10-second real object, a 11-first virtual object and a 12-second virtual object.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, by referring to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are presented by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation.
It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concept of the present invention by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on a superlens array includes a micro display screen 2 for displaying an image source and providing light of the image source, and a superlens array 1;
the super lens array 1 is arranged on one side of the micro display screen 2 for displaying images;
the superlens array 1 is used for modulating the image source light of the micro display screen 2, so that the image source light reconstructs 3D images on different depth planes.
The imaging process of the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system according to this embodiment is as follows: the image source displayed by the micro display screen 2 is a 2D image calculated by an integrated imaging algorithm, a part of scene information is recorded by the corresponding image source image element under each superlens 7 in the superlens array 1 from different azimuth angles, and the image array formed by combining all the image elements is the required image source. In the display process, the superlens array 1 converges and restores the light rays transmitted by each image element, and reconstructs a space scene virtual image of the 3D object in front of the view of the human eye 3, so that the human eye 3 can see the first reconstructed object 4 when focusing and viewing near, and the human eye 3 can see the second reconstructed object 5 when focusing and viewing far.
According to the near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on the super lens array 1, virtual 3D images with depth information can be generated after image source light emitted by the micro display screen 2 passes through the super lens array 1, 3D scenes can be observed by human eyes 3 only through monocular adjustment, and the problem of eye 3 convergence adjustment conflict of binocular parallax does not exist.
In the embodiment, by adopting the superlens array 1 as an optical element for reconstructing the 3D image, not only is the convergence adjustment conflict avoided; compared with a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system using the existing lens array (such as a micro-lens array), the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system has the advantages of light weight, thin thickness, array duty ratio up to 100%, high light field regulation degree of freedom, lower price and high productivity.
In this embodiment, in the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on the superlens array 1, the human eye 3 can directly observe the reconstructed 3D image through the superlens array 1.
In this embodiment, the distance u between the superlens array 1 and the micro display 2 is calculated by gaussian imaging formula 1/f=1/u+1/v after determining the focal length f and the image distance v (the position of 3D image reconstruction) of the superlens array 1. In this example, the distance u is 5.74mm.
In this embodiment, the micro display 2 is one of Liquid Crystal On Silicon (LCOS), liquid Crystal Display (LCD), digital Micromirror Device (DMD), digital Light Processing (DLP), and OLED on silicon (OLED on silicon). In this embodiment, a silicon-based OLED was chosen as the case design.
In this embodiment, the superlens array 1 is formed by a plurality of identical superlenses 7 arranged periodically, and the focal planes of all the superlenses 7 are in the same plane, as shown in fig. 2.
In this embodiment, since the aperture of each superlens 7 is square, the planar space can be filled by periodic arrangement; in addition, the irregular arrangement requires a new image source calculation method suitable for the arrangement mode. All superlenses 7 are most clearly imaged in the focal plane, and since the screen of the micro display 2 is a plane, the focal plane of each superlens 7 is naturally the same plane.
In the present embodiment, the phase distribution of each superlens 7 in the superlens array 1 satisfies the following:
wherein, (x, y) represents the coordinate position from the center of the superlens 7 with the center of the superlens 7 as the origin coordinate, λ represents the wavelength of incident light, f represents the focal length of the superlens 7, and C is the phase constant. Wherein the wavelength of the incident light is selected according to the light emission characteristics of the selected micro display 2. In this example, the wavelength λ is 547nm, the focal length f is 5.8mm, and the aperture of the single superlens 7 is 460. Mu.m.
Since the phase distribution of each superlens 7 in the superlens array 1 satisfies the phase formula, parallel light can be converged at one point, and spherical aberration, which is one of aberrations, can be eliminated.
In this embodiment, the superlens array 1 includes a substrate 103, a nano-pillar structure 101, and a cover layer 102; the nano-pillar structure 101 is grown on the substrate 103, and the cover layer 102 covers the gap of the nano-pillar structure 101. As shown in fig. 3.
The substrate 103 material, the nano-pillar structure 101 material and the cover layer 102 material of the superlens array 1 optionally comprise dielectric materials such as quartz, silicon nitride, titanium dioxide, diamond, gallium nitride, silicon-rich silicon nitride and the like; the cover layer 102 material may also be air or vacuum selected as the cover layer 102. In this embodiment, the substrate 103 is made of quartz, the structure is made of silicon nitride, and air is selected as the cover layer 102.
In this embodiment, the arrangement manner of the nano-pillar structures 101 includes one of a tetragonal lattice arrangement and a hexagonal lattice arrangement. In this embodiment, the nano-pillar structures 101 are arranged in a tetragonal lattice with a period of 416nm.
The nano-pillar structure 101 is arranged periodically, so that the light field regulation and control function of the nano-pillar structure is similar to that of a grating structure, and the simulation can be facilitated.
In this embodiment, the nano-pillar structure 101 is a pillar structure, and its cross section is a plane pattern having 90 ° rotational symmetry, including a circle, a square, and the like. In this embodiment, the nano-pillar structure 101 is a cylindrical structure with a thickness of 500nm.
A schematic layout of the nano-pillar structures 101 of the individual superlenses 7 in the superlens array 1 is shown on the right side of fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows the focusing performance of a single superlens 7 in the superlens array 1, wherein light propagates along the z direction, and fig. 4 (a) is a graph of yz plane focusing effect, and it can be seen that parallel light is modulated by the superlens 7 and then converged to form a focus at the z's about 5.8 mm. Fig. 4 (b) shows a focal plane focal spot distribution diagram, fig. 4 (c) shows a cross-section along the x-direction of the focal spot centerline, and it can be seen that the focal spot half-width is only 6.58 μm, approaching the diffraction limit, illustrating a high resolution, which can resolve each pixel of the micro-display 2, thereby better reconstructing the 3D image.
Example 2
The near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on the superlens array 1 according to embodiment 1 further includes, as shown in fig. 5, a spectroscopic element 6 for fusing the reconstructed 3D image and external ambient light together to form an augmented reality effect;
the light-splitting element 6 is arranged between the human eye 3 and the superlens array 1,
the superlens array 1 and the light splitting element 6 are respectively arranged on the light emitting side of the micro display screen 2; wherein the beam splitting element 6 is positioned on the light emitting side of the superlens array 1;
the image source light emitted by the micro display screen 2 firstly passes through the superlens array 1 and then is emitted through the light splitting element 6.
Specifically, the embodiment provides a near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on a super lens array 1, which comprises a micro display screen 2 for displaying an image source and providing image source light, the super lens array 1 and a light splitting element 6;
the superlens array 1 is used for modulating image source light of the micro display screen 2 to reconstruct a 3D image on different depth planes;
the light-splitting element 6 is arranged between the human eye 3 and the superlens array 1,
the superlens array 1 and the light splitting element 6 are respectively arranged on the light emitting side of the micro display screen 2; wherein the beam splitting element 6 is positioned on the light emitting side of the superlens array 1;
the image source light emitted by the micro display screen 2 firstly passes through the superlens array 1 and then is emitted through the light splitting element 6.
The light splitting element 6 is used for fusing the reconstructed 3D image and the external ambient light together to form an augmented reality effect.
The imaging process of the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system according to this embodiment is as follows: the image source displayed by the micro display screen 2 is a 2D image calculated by an integrated imaging algorithm, a part of scene information is recorded by the corresponding image source image element under each superlens 7 from different azimuth angles, and the image array formed by combining all the image elements is the required image source. In the display process, the superlens array 1 converges and restores the light rays transmitted by each image element, and reconstructs a virtual space scene image of the 3D object in front of the human eye 3 after passing through the light splitting element 6. Because the first virtual object 11 and the first real object 9 are positioned on the same space plane, the human eye 3 can see the first virtual object 11 and the first real object 9 at the same time when focusing and watching near; similarly, since the second virtual object 12 and the second real object 10 are located on the same spatial plane, the human eye 3 can see the second virtual object 12 and the second real object 10 clearly when focusing to watch the distance.
In this embodiment, a spectroscopic element 6 may be disposed between the human eye 3 and the superlens array 1, and the 3D image may be observed through the superlens array 1 by the spectroscopic element 6, as shown in fig. 5.
According to the near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on the super lens array 1, virtual 3D images with depth information can be generated after image source light emitted by the micro display screen 2 passes through the super lens array 1, 3D scenes can be observed by human eyes 3 only through monocular adjustment, and the problem of eye 3 convergence adjustment conflict of binocular parallax does not exist.
In the embodiment, by adopting the superlens array 1 as an optical element for reconstructing the 3D image, not only is the convergence adjustment conflict avoided; compared with a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system using the existing lens array (such as a micro-lens array), the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system has the advantages of light weight, thin thickness, array duty ratio up to 100%, high light field regulation degree of freedom, lower price and high productivity.
In this embodiment, in the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on the superlens array 1, the human eye 3 can directly observe the reconstructed 3D image through the superlens array 1.
This embodiment is described in detail in embodiment 1 for the superlens array 1, and will not be described here.
In this embodiment, the beam splitting element 6 includes one of a beam splitting film, a beam splitting prism, a beam splitting lens, a beam splitting cube, and a free-form surface beam splitting element 6. In this embodiment, a commonly used spectroscopic prism is selected as the spectroscopic element 6.
Example 3
The present embodiment also provides a head-mounted display device based on the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on the superlens array 1 of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, which comprises the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on the superlens array 1 of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.
In this embodiment, the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on the superlens array 1 described in embodiment 2, the head-mounted display device specifically includes a micro display 2, a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on the superlens array 1 and composed of the superlens array 1 and a beam splitter 6, and a portable frame 8 for supporting the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system.
In summary, the present embodiment proposes a near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system and a head-mounted display device based on the lenticular array 1, wherein the virtual 3D image with depth information can be generated by the source light emitted by the micro display 2 after passing through the lenticular array 1, and the 3D scene can be observed by the human eye 3 only through monocular adjustment, so that the problem of conflict of convergence adjustment of the human eye 3 due to binocular parallax does not exist. In addition, compared with a near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system using the existing lens array (such as a micro lens array), the near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system has the advantages of light weight, thin thickness, array duty ratio up to 100%, high light field regulation degree of freedom, lower price and high productivity.
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (11)
1. A near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on a superlens array is characterized in that: comprises a micro display screen (2) for displaying an image source and providing image source light, and a superlens array (1);
the super lens array (1) is arranged on one side of the micro display screen (2) for displaying images;
the super lens array (1) is used for modulating the image source light of the micro display screen (2) to reconstruct a 3D image on different depth planes.
2. The superlens array based near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system of claim 1, wherein: the system further comprises a light splitting element (6) for fusing the reconstructed 3D image and external ambient light together to form an augmented reality effect;
the light splitting element (6) is arranged between the human eye and the superlens array (1),
the super lens array (1) and the light splitting element (6) are respectively arranged on the light emitting side of the micro display screen (2); wherein the light splitting element (6) is positioned on the light emitting side of the super lens array (1);
the image source light emitted by the micro display screen (2) firstly passes through the super lens array (1) and then is emitted through the light splitting element (6).
3. The superlens array based near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system of claim 1, wherein: the Micro display screen (2) adopts one of a silicon-based liquid crystal, a liquid crystal display, a digital Micro mirror device, digital light processing, a silicon-based OLED and a Micro LED.
4. The superlens array based near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system of claim 1, wherein: the superlens array (1) is formed by a plurality of identical superlenses (7) according to periodic arrangement, and focal planes of all the superlenses (7) are in the same plane.
5. The superlens array based near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system of claim 4, wherein: the phase distribution of each superlens (7) within the superlens array (1) satisfies the following:
wherein, (x, y) represents the coordinate position from the center of the superlens (7), λ represents the wavelength of incident light, f represents the focal length of the superlens (7), and C is the phase constant, with the center of the superlens (7) as the origin coordinate.
6. The superlens array based near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system of claim 1, wherein: the superlens array (1) comprises a substrate (103), a nano-pillar structure (101) and a cover layer (102); the nano-pillar structure (101) is long on the substrate (103), and the cover layer (102) covers the gap of the nano-pillar structure (101).
7. The superlens array based near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system of claim 6, wherein: the arrangement mode of the nano-pillar structure (101) comprises one of tetragonal lattice arrangement and hexagonal lattice arrangement.
8. The superlens array based near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system of claim 6, wherein: the nano-pillar structure (101) is a columnar structure, and the cross section of the nano-pillar structure is a plane figure with 90-degree rotational symmetry.
9. The superlens array based near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system of claim 1, wherein: the light splitting element (6) adopts one of a light splitting film, a light splitting prism, a light splitting lens, a light splitting cube and a free-form surface light splitting element (6).
10. The superlens array based near-eye integrated imaging 3D display system of claim 1, wherein: the image source displayed by the micro display screen (2) is a 2D image calculated by an integrated imaging algorithm.
11. A head-mounted display device comprising a near-to-eye integrated imaging 3D display system based on a superlens array according to any of claims 1-10.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117146973A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2023-12-01 | 长春理工大学 | Spherical aberration eliminating large area array detector, spherical aberration eliminating method and detector manufacturing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117146973A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2023-12-01 | 长春理工大学 | Spherical aberration eliminating large area array detector, spherical aberration eliminating method and detector manufacturing method |
| CN117146973B (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2023-12-26 | 长春理工大学 | Spherical aberration eliminating large area array detector, spherical aberration eliminating method and detector manufacturing method |
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