CN116783793A - Wireless power supply device and wireless power supply system - Google Patents

Wireless power supply device and wireless power supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116783793A
CN116783793A CN202180089145.1A CN202180089145A CN116783793A CN 116783793 A CN116783793 A CN 116783793A CN 202180089145 A CN202180089145 A CN 202180089145A CN 116783793 A CN116783793 A CN 116783793A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
switching element
power supply
resonance
transmission coil
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202180089145.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
大森英树
酒井领太
岩永太一
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Josho Gakuen Educational Foundation
Kawasaki Motors Ltd
Original Assignee
Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
Josho Gakuen Educational Foundation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kawasaki Jukogyo KK, Josho Gakuen Educational Foundation filed Critical Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
Publication of CN116783793A publication Critical patent/CN116783793A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/083—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the ignition at the zero crossing of the voltage or the current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B60L2210/42—Voltage source inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
    • H02M1/342—Active non-dissipative snubbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
    • H02M1/346—Passive non-dissipative snubbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A wireless power supply device (1) includes: a first ON control circuit (31) that controls the ON period of the switching element (SW); and a second on control circuit (32) that controls the auxiliary switching element (SW S ) The switching element (SW) and the auxiliary switching element (SW) S ) Zero voltage switching is performed.

Description

Wireless power supply device and wireless power supply system
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a wireless power supply device and a wireless power supply system. Such a wireless power supply device and a wireless power supply system are disclosed in, for example, japanese patent No. 6038386, japanese patent application laid-open No. 2020-78232, and t.takahashi and h.omori, "A New Control Method of One-Switch Wireless V2H with a Combination of Resonant Selector and Voltage Changer" INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS (ICRERA) 2019 (hereinafter referred to as t.takahashi et al).
Background
Conventionally, a mobile vehicle such as an electric vehicle that runs by a motor needs to be connected to a power supply device and the mobile vehicle by cables for charging. Therefore, there is a problem in that a user who performs charging is laborious.
In order to solve this problem, japanese patent No. 6038386 discloses a bidirectional contactless power feeding device that uses a combination of magnetic fields of coils to feed power without using a cable. In japanese patent No. 6038386, a bidirectional contactless power feeding device includes a self coil magnetically coupled to another coil, a capacitor connected in series with the self coil, and an inverter. The inverter is configured by full-bridge connection of a plurality of semiconductor switching elements.
However, in japanese patent No. 6038386, since the inverter is constituted by a plurality of semiconductor switching elements, there is a problem in that the structure of the bidirectional contactless power feeding device is complicated (large-sized). In order to solve this problem, japanese patent application laid-open No. 2020-78232 discloses a Single-Ended wireless power supply device having a transmission coil, a switching element connected in series with the transmission coil, and a resonance capacitor connected in parallel with the transmission coil. In japanese patent application laid-open No. 2020-78132, the configuration of the wireless power supply device can be simplified because the device is driven by a single switching element. In the single-ended wireless power supply device of japanese patent application laid-open No. 2020-78232, the switching element is turned on (zero-voltage switching operation) when the resonance voltage of the transmission coil and the resonance capacitor is zero.
Here, the frequency of the electric power transmitted according to the international standard or the like may be required to be within a predetermined frequency range. Further, the user sometimes desires the magnitude of the transmitted power to be variable. However, in the conventional single-ended wireless power supply device described in japanese patent application laid-open No. 2020-78232, when the magnitude of the transmitted power is changed while the frequency of the transmitted power is within a predetermined frequency range, it is necessary to change the on timing of the switching element. Therefore, the switching element may be turned on in a state where the resonance voltage is not zero, and there is a problem that zero-voltage switching operation cannot be performed.
In order to solve this problem, in t.takahashi et al, the voltage supplied to the inverter is changed by the DC-DC converter, and the magnitude of the transmitted power is changed while the frequency of the transmitted power is set within a predetermined frequency range.
Prior art literature
Patent literature
Patent document 1 Japanese patent No. 6038386
Patent document 2 Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2020-78232
Non-patent document 1:T.Takahashi and H.Omori, "A New Control Method of One-Switch Wireless V2H with a Combination of Resonant Selector and Voltage Changer" INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS (ICRERA) 2019.
Disclosure of Invention
However, in t.takahashi et al, in order to change the magnitude of the transmitted electric power while keeping the frequency of the transmitted electric power within a prescribed frequency range, a DC-DC converter is provided. The DC-DC converter is composed of many elements such as a switching element, a choke coil, a capacitor, and a diode. Therefore, there is a problem in that the structure of the wireless power supply device is complicated and expensive.
The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a wireless power supply device and a wireless power supply system capable of changing the magnitude of power to be transmitted while maintaining a zero-voltage switch with a small switching loss while the structure of a suppressing device becomes complicated and expensive.
To achieve the above object, a wireless power supply apparatus of a first aspect of the present disclosure is a single-ended wireless power supply apparatus, comprising: a power supply unit that supplies power to the power receiving unit; and a control unit that controls the power supply unit, the power supply unit including: a transmission coil and a switching element connected in series with the DC power supply; a resonant capacitor connected in parallel with at least one of the transmission coil and the switching element; auxiliary switching elements connected in parallel with the transmission coil or switching element and connected in series with each other; and a voltage limiting capacitor limiting a resonance voltage of the transmission coil and the resonance capacitor, the control section including: a first turn-on control circuit that controls a turn-on period of the switching element according to resonance voltages of the transmission coil and the resonance capacitor; and a second on control circuit for controlling the on period of the auxiliary switching element according to the gate signal of the switching element or the resonance voltage of the transmission coil and the resonance capacitor, the switching element and the auxiliary switching element being configured to perform zero-voltage switching operation.
In the wireless power supply device according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, as described above, the power supply unit includes the auxiliary switching element connected in parallel with the transmission coil or the switching element and connected in series with each other, and the voltage limiting capacitor that limits the resonance voltage of the transmission coil and the resonance capacitor. Thus, by changing the on-time of the switching element, even when the magnitude of the power to be transmitted is changed, the timing at which the resonance voltage becomes zero can be adjusted by adjusting the on-time of the auxiliary switching element, and therefore, the zero-voltage switching operation of the switching element can be maintained. Further, since the switching element can perform zero-voltage switching operation and change the magnitude of the transmitted power by providing the auxiliary switching element and the voltage limiting capacitor in the power supply unit, the configuration of the wireless power supply device can be suppressed from being complicated, unlike the case where the magnitude of the transmitted power is changed by providing a DC-DC converter including a large number of elements in the power supply unit. As a result, the size of the transmitted power can be changed by maintaining the zero-voltage switch with small switching loss while suppressing the complexity and the cost of the structure of the wireless power supply device.
Further, since the zero-voltage switching operation is performed over the entire range in which the magnitude of the transmitted electric power varies, heat generation of the switching element caused by switching the switching element in a state in which the voltage is applied to the switching element can be suppressed. This can simplify (miniaturize) the structure of the cooling mechanism for cooling the switching element.
A wireless power supply system according to a second aspect of the present disclosure is a single-ended wireless power supply system, including: a power supply unit; a power receiving unit powered by the power supply unit; and a control unit that controls the power supply unit, the power supply unit including: a first transmission coil and a first switching element connected in series with the direct current power supply; a first resonant capacitor connected in parallel with at least one of the first transmission coil and the first switching element; a first auxiliary switching element connected in parallel with the first transmission coil or the first switching element and connected in series with each other; and a first voltage limiting capacitor limiting a resonance voltage of the first transmission coil and the first resonance capacitor, the power receiving unit including: a second transmission coil; a second resonant capacitor connected in parallel or in series with the second transmission coil, and a rectifying circuit; and a load connected to the rectifying circuit, the control unit including: a first turn-on control circuit that controls a turn-on period of the first switching element according to a resonance voltage of the first transmission coil and the first resonance capacitor; and a second on control circuit that controls a timing of turning on the first auxiliary switching element based on a gate signal of the first switching element or a resonance voltage of the first transmission coil and the first resonance capacitor, the first switching element and the first auxiliary switching element being configured to perform a zero-voltage switching operation.
In the wireless power supply system of the second aspect of the present disclosure, as described above, the power supply unit includes: a first auxiliary switching element connected in parallel with the first transmission coil or the first switching element and connected in series with each other, and a first voltage limiting capacitor limiting a resonance voltage of the first transmission coil and the first resonance capacitor. Thus, by changing the on-time of the first switching element, even when the magnitude of the power to be transmitted is changed, the timing at which the resonance voltage becomes zero can be adjusted by adjusting the on-time of the first auxiliary switching element, and therefore the zero-voltage switching operation of the first switching element can be maintained. Further, since the first switching element can be made to perform zero-voltage switching operation and the magnitude of the power to be transmitted can be changed by providing the power supply unit with the first auxiliary switching element and the first voltage limiting capacitor, the configuration of the wireless power supply system can be suppressed from being complicated, unlike the case where the power supply unit is provided with a DC-DC converter composed of a large number of elements to change the magnitude of the power to be transmitted. As a result, it is possible to provide a wireless power supply system capable of suppressing the complexity and the cost of the configuration of the wireless power supply system, maintaining a zero-voltage switch with a small switching loss, and changing the magnitude of the transmitted power.
Further, since the zero-voltage switching operation is performed over the entire range in which the magnitude of the transmitted electric power varies, heat generation of the switching element caused by switching the switching element in a state in which the voltage is applied to the switching element can be suppressed. Thus, a wireless power supply system can be provided that can simplify (miniaturize, reduce noise) the structure of a cooling mechanism for cooling a switching element.
In the configuration of the second aspect, since the resonance operation of the second transmission coil and the second resonance capacitor is performed in the power receiving unit, the transmission power can be increased by the resonance action of the magnetic coupling.
According to the present invention, as described above, the size of the transmitted power can be changed while maintaining the zero-voltage switch with small switching loss while suppressing the complexity and the cost of the device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a wireless power supply system (wireless power supply apparatus) of the first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a half-wave rectifier circuit.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a full-wave rectifying circuit.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a voltage doubler rectifier circuit.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a resistor as a load.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit in which a resistor and a capacitor as a load are connected in parallel.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a battery as a load.
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a timing chart of control of the wireless power supply system according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a relationship between the power transmitted by the wireless power supply system according to the first embodiment, the frequency, and the on time of the auxiliary switching element with respect to the on time of the switching element.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a wireless power supply system according to the second embodiment.
Fig. 11 is a diagram showing a timing chart of control of the wireless power supply system according to the second embodiment.
Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a wireless power supply system according to the third embodiment.
Fig. 13 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a wireless power supply system according to the fourth embodiment.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure embodying the present disclosure are described below based on the drawings.
First embodiment
(action of Wireless Power supply device)
The configuration of the wireless power supply system 100 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 9.
The wireless power supply system 100 is a Single-Ended wireless power supply system. The wireless power supply system 100 includes a power supply unit 10 and a power receiving unit 20 that is supplied with power by the power supply unit 10. The wireless power supply system 100 further includes a control unit 30 that controls the power supply unit 10. The power supply unit 10 and the control unit 30 constitute the wireless power supply device 1.
The power supply unit 10 includes a transmission coil L connected in series with a direct current power supply E 1 And a switching element SW. The dc power supply E is, for example, a battery provided in a household. Furthermore, a transmission coil L 1 And the switching element SW are examples of the first transmission coil and the first switching element, respectively.
The switching element SW includes a transistor Q and a diode D connected in antiparallel with the transistor Q. The transistor Q is, for example, an N-type MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor). The transistor Q may be a self-turn-off switching element (IGBT, insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, etc.) other than a MOSFET.
In addition, the power supply unit 10 has a transmission coil L 1 And at least one of the switching elements SW (the transmission coil L in the first embodiment) 1 ) Parallel-connected resonant capacitors C 1 . Resonant capacitor C 1 For example, a thin film capacitor. Furthermore, a resonant capacitor C 1 Or may be constituted by a ceramic capacitor. Furthermore, a resonant capacitor C 1 Is an example of the first resonant capacitor.
Here, in the first embodiment, the power supply unit 10 includes: and transmission coil L 1 Or a switching element SW (transmission coil L in the first embodiment) 1 ) Auxiliary switching elements SW connected in parallel and connected in series with each other S And limit the transmission coil L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 Voltage limiting capacitor C of the resonance voltage of (2) S . Furthermore, a voltage limiting capacitor C S Is an example of the first voltage limiting capacitor. Further, an auxiliary switching element SW S An example of the first auxiliary switching element.
Auxiliary switching element SW S Including transistor Q S And transistor Q S Diode D connected in anti-parallel S . Transistor Q S Such as an N-type MOSFET. Further, transistor Q S The self-turn-off type switching element (IGBT or the like) other than the MOSFET may be used.
Further, in the first embodiment, the voltage limiting capacitor C S Capacitance ratio of (C) to resonance capacitor C 1 The capacitance of the capacitor is more than 5 times larger. For example, a resonant capacitor C 1 Is 0.1 muf. Furthermore, a voltage limiting capacitor C S For example, the capacity of the (E) is at least 0.5. Mu.F and 5. Mu.FF is less than or equal to F. According to the rule of thumb, if the voltage limiting capacitor C S The capacitance of (2) is a resonance capacitor C 1 More than 5 times the capacitance of the capacitor, sufficient voltage stability required for clamping can be obtained.
In the power supply unit 10, a voltage limiting capacitor C is provided on the positive side of the dc power supply E S Positive side of (C), resonant capacitor (C) 1 Positive side of (1), transmission coil L 1 Is electrically connected to each other. Furthermore, a voltage limiting capacitor C S Negative side of (a) and auxiliary switching element SW S Transistor Q of (2) S Drain of (diode D) S Is electrically connected to each other. Auxiliary switching element SW S Transistor Q of (2) S Source (diode D) S Anode of (C), resonant capacitor C 1 Negative side of (1), transmission coil L 1 The negative side of (a) and the drain of the transistor Q (the cathode of the diode D) of the switching element SW are electrically connected to each other. Further, the source of the transistor Q (the anode of the diode D) of the switching element SW and the negative side of the dc power supply E are electrically connected to each other.
In the first embodiment, the power supply unit 10 includes a control unit 30 for controlling the power supply unit 10. The control section 30 includes an on control circuit 31 and an on control circuit 32. The on control circuit 31 and the on control circuit 32 are examples of a first on control circuit and a second on control circuit, respectively.
In the first embodiment, the on control circuit 31 is based on the transmission coil L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 To control the on period of the switching element SW. Specifically, the on control circuit 31 includes a resonance voltage detection circuit 31a and a period synchronization circuit 31b. The resonance voltage detection circuit 31a detects the transmission coil L by measuring 1 (resonant capacitor C) 1 ) Voltage V at both ends Li Detection transmission coil L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 Is set to be a resonant voltage of the battery. The cycle synchronization circuit 31b controls the timing of turning on the switching element SW based on the resonance voltage detected by the resonance voltage detection circuit 31 a. Specifically, the period synchronization circuit 31b controls the switching element SW to be turned on in synchronization with the resonance voltage so that the switching element SW performs zero-voltage switchingAnd (5) acting. The resonance voltage detection circuit 31a is an example of the first resonance voltage detection circuit.
Further, in the first embodiment, the turn-on control circuit 32 is based on the transmission coil L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 Control the auxiliary switching element SW S Is turned on. Specifically, the on control circuit 32 includes a resonance voltage detection circuit 32a and a period synchronization circuit 32b. The resonance voltage detection circuit 32a detects the transmission coil L by measuring 1 (resonant capacitor C) 1 ) Voltage V at both ends Li Detection transmission coil L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 Is set to be a resonant voltage of the battery. The cycle synchronization circuit 32b controls the auxiliary switching element SW based on the resonance voltage detected by the resonance voltage detection circuit 32a S Is turned on. Specifically, the cycle synchronization circuit 32b controls the auxiliary switching element SW in synchronization with the resonance voltage S To switch on the auxiliary switching element SW S Zero voltage switching is performed. The resonance voltage detection circuit 32a is an example of a second resonance voltage detection circuit.
Further, in the first embodiment, the on time T of the switching element SW ON And an auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S Is controlled to be from the transmission coil L 1 The frequency of the transmitted power is within a prescribed frequency range. In the first embodiment, the frequency range is 80kHz to 90 kHz.
Further, in the first embodiment, the on time T of the switching element SW ON And auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S The sum is controlled to be within a prescribed time range. Here, one cycle of the power (ac) to be transmitted is substantially defined by the on time T of the switching element SW ON Auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S The sum of the times of the resonance voltage changes (increases or decreases). In addition, the resonant voltage is changed by the transmission coil L 1 The value determined by the product of the inductance L and the capacitance C of the resonance capacitor C1 to the power 1/2 (∈lc) is substantially constant. Thus, the on time T of the switching element SW ON With auxiliary switching elementsPiece SW S Is set to be on-time T of S The sum is controlled to be within a predetermined time range so that the frequency of the reciprocal of one cycle of the power to be transmitted is 80kHz to 90 kHz.
Further, in the first embodiment, the power receiving unit 20 includes the transmission coil L 2 And a transmission coil L 2 Resonant capacitors C connected in parallel or in series (parallel in the first embodiment) 2 And a rectifier circuit 21 (CR), and a load 22 (Ld) connected to the rectifier circuit 21. The rectifier circuit 21 is composed of a diode D as shown in FIG. 2 1 The half-wave rectifying circuit is formed. As shown in fig. 3, the rectifier circuit 21 may be composed of four diodes D 1 A full-wave rectifying circuit is formed. As shown in fig. 4, the rectifier circuit 21 may be composed of two diodes D 1 And a capacitor C 3 The voltage doubling rectifying circuit is formed. Transmission coil L 2 Is an example of a second transmission coil. Furthermore, a resonant capacitor C 2 Is an example of the second resonant capacitor.
As shown in fig. 5, the load 22 is, for example, a resistor R. Further, as shown in fig. 6, the load 22 may be a resistor R and a capacitor C 4 And a circuit connected in parallel. As shown in fig. 7, the load 22 may be a battery E 1 。
(action of Wireless Power supply device)
Next, the operation of the wireless power supply device 1 will be described with reference to fig. 8. V of FIG. 8 SW Is the voltage V across the switching element SW SW Is a waveform of (a). I of FIG. 8 SW Is the current i flowing through the switching element SW SW Is a waveform of (a). I of FIG. 8 SWS Is passed through the auxiliary switching element SW S Is the current i of (2) SWS Is a waveform of (a). V of FIG. 8 SWS Is an auxiliary switching element SW S Is a voltage V across (V) SWS Is a waveform of (a). I of FIG. 8 L1 Is passed through the transmission coil L 1 Is the current i of (2) L1 Is a waveform of (a). I of FIG. 8 C1 Is flowing through the resonant capacitor C 1 Is the current i of (2) C1 Is a waveform of (a). V of FIG. 8 L1 Is a transmission coil L 1 Is a voltage V across (V) L1 Is a waveform of (a). V of FIG. 8 gs Is an auxiliary switching element SW S Gate voltage V of (2) gs Is a waveform of (a). V of FIG. 8 g Is the gate voltage V of the switching element SW g Is a waveform of (a).
At the slave time t 1 By time t 3 During the period of (a), the switching element SW and the auxiliary switching element SW S Are in the off state. Due to the transmission coil L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 Is a resonance of the switching element SW, the voltage V across the switching element SW SW Gradually increasing. In addition, the current i in the forward direction C1 Through the resonant capacitor C 1 。
At time t 3 Constitutes an auxiliary switching element SW S Diode D of (2) S Automatic on, auxiliary switching element SW S Becomes conductive. Thereby, the current flows through the auxiliary switching element SW S Is the current i of (2) SWS Flows in the negative direction. Furthermore, due to the voltage limiting capacitor C S Capacitance ratio of (C) to resonance capacitor C 1 The capacitance of (2) is much larger, so the voltage V across the switching element SW SW (Transmission coil L) 1 Is a voltage V across (V) L1 ) Approximately constant (clamped).
Further, at the slave time t 1 By time t 3 During this time, if the resonant voltage detection circuit 32a detects the transmission coil L 1 Is a voltage V across (V) L1 At time t based on the zero crossing point (time t 2) at time t 4 Make the auxiliary switch element SW S Gate voltage V of (2) gs Switching from L level to H level to constitute auxiliary switching element SW S Transistor Q of (2) S Conducting. That is, the cycle synchronization circuit 32b causes the auxiliary switching element SW to S On to make the auxiliary switch element SW S Zero voltage switching is performed. Thereby, when flowing through the auxiliary switching element SW S Is the current i of (2) SWS When rectifying from negative to positive, the current is smoothly switched to positive.
In addition, in order to make the auxiliary switching element SW S The zero-voltage switching operation is performed, or at time t 3 Make the auxiliary switch element SW S And (5) switching on. On the other hand, due to time t 3 May be offset by the condition of the load 22,so in the first embodiment, at the slave time t 3 Time t from the lapse of a plurality of times 4 Make the auxiliary switch element SW S And (5) switching on.
Further, in the auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S During (1) to flow through the auxiliary switching element SW S Is the current i of (2) SWS The straight line increases. When the current i SWS When rectifying from negative to positive, the current flows to the diode D connected in anti-parallel S The current of (1) smoothly flows to the transistor Q S Thus assisting the switching element SW S Continues the on state of (c).
Next, at time t 5 The turn-on control circuit 32 (cycle synchronization circuit 32 b) turns on the auxiliary switching element SW S Gate voltage V of (2) gs Switching from H level to L level to constitute auxiliary switching element SW S Transistor Q of (2) S And closing. Thereby, the auxiliary switching element SW S The auxiliary switching element SW is turned off S Is a voltage V across (V) SWS Gradually increasing. On the other hand, the voltage V across the switching element SW SW Gradually lower, and transmit coil L 1 Is a voltage V across (V) L1 (resonance voltage) increases gradually.
Further, an auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S On-time T based on switching element SW ON And is preset. Specifically, the on time T of the switching element SW ON Preset as and from the transmission coil L 1 The magnitude of the transmitted power corresponds. In addition, the time (non-constant time) of the resonance voltage change is determined by the transmission coil L 1 Inductance L and resonant capacitor C of (C) 1 The value determined by the product of the capacitances C to the power 1/2 (∈lc) is approximately constant. In addition, the auxiliary switching element SW is preset S Is set to be on-time T of S So that the coil L is transmitted from 1 The frequency of the power to be transmitted is within a predetermined frequency range (80 kHz to 90 kHz).
Voltage V across switching element SW SW Gradually decrease, at time t 7 The diode D constituting the switching element SW is automatically turned on, and the switching element SW is turned on. Thereby the processing time of the product is reduced,current i flowing through switching element SW SW Flows in the negative direction.
Furthermore, when the coil L is transmitted 1 Is a voltage V across (V) L1 (resonance voltage) gradually increases, and the resonance voltage detection circuit 31a detects the transmission coil L 1 Is a voltage V across (V) L1 Is (time t) 6 ) In this case, the zero-crossing point (time t 6 ) At time t 8 The gate voltage V of the switching element SW g Switching from the L level to the H level turns on the transistor Q constituting the switching element SW. That is, the cycle synchronization circuit 31b turns on the switching element SW to make the switching element SW perform zero-voltage switching operation. Thus, the current i flowing through the switching element SW SW The current is smoothly switched from negative to positive when rectifying.
In order to make the switching element SW perform zero-voltage switching operation, the switching element SW may be turned on at time t 7 The switching element SW is turned on. On the other hand, due to time t 7 May be shifted depending on the state of the load 22, so in the first embodiment, at the slave time t 7 Time t from the lapse of a plurality of times 8 The switching element SW is turned on.
Further, at the on time T of the switching element SW ON During this time, the current i flowing through the switching element SW SW The straight line increases. When the current i SW When rectifying from negative to positive, the current flowing through the diode D smoothly flows to the transistor Q, and thus the on state of the switching element SW is continued.
Next, at time t 9 The turn-on control circuit 31 (cycle synchronization circuit 31 b) turns on the gate voltage V of the switching element SW g Switching from H level to L level to constitute auxiliary switching element SW S Is turned off. Thereby, the switching element SW is turned off and stored in the transmission coil L 1 Current i in (a) L1 Into the resonant capacitor C 1 Transmission coil L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 To be in a resonance state. I.e. the transmission coil L 1 Is a voltage V across (V) L1 The (resonance voltage) increases gradually in the negative direction. Further, the voltage V across the switching element SW SW Gradually increasing in the positive direction.
From time t by the above action 1 By time t 9 Sinusoidal current i L1 Through the transmission coil L 1 Thereby transmitting coil L from power supply unit 10 1 Transmission coil L to power receiving unit 20 2 And supplying electric power.
Next, the operation characteristics of the wireless power supply device 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 9.
In the wireless power supply device 1, by increasing the on time T of the switching element SW ON From the length of the transmission coil L 1 The transmitted power (P of fig. 9) increases. Further, the on time T of the switching element SW ON The larger the length of the auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S The smaller the length of (c). That is, the on-time T is adjusted ON Length of (d) and on-time T S So that the on-time T ON And on time T S The sum is within a predetermined time range (approximately constant value). Thereby, the switching element SW and the auxiliary switching element SW S Can perform zero-voltage switching operation and simultaneously make the slave transmission coil L 1 The frequency of the transmitted power P (fig. 9 f) is increased (or decreased) in a state where the frequency is substantially constant (in a frequency range of 80kHz or more and 90kHz or less). Furthermore, by transmitting the coil L from 1 The power transmitted is maintained constant and the on-time T is adjusted ON Length of (d) and on-time T S The length of the switching element SW and the auxiliary switching element SW S Can change the slave transmission coil L while performing zero-voltage switching operation 1 The frequency of transmission. This can adjust the operating frequency of the power supply unit 10 according to the characteristics of the power receiving unit 20. That is, the compatibility of the power supply unit 10 with respect to the power receiving unit 20 can be improved. Further, by shifting the peak value of the operation frequency, it is possible to reduce heat generation from the wireless power supply device by implementing a countermeasure against radiation noise and reducing the operation frequency.
That is, the wireless power supply device 1 has the on time T of the switching element SW ON And an auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S These two degrees of control freedom. Thus, wireless power supplyThe electric device 1 is capable of independently controlling the slave transmission coil L 1 Frequency of power transmitted and slave transmission coil L 1 The magnitude of the power transmitted.
Effect of the first embodiment
In the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
In the first embodiment, as described above, the power supply unit 10 includes the transmission coil L 1 Or auxiliary switching elements SW in which switching elements SW are connected in parallel and connected in series with each other S And limit the transmission coil L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 Voltage limiting capacitor C of the resonance voltage of (2) S . By changing the on time T of the switching element SW ON Even in the case of changing the magnitude of the transmitted power, by adjusting the auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S The timing at which the resonance voltage becomes zero can also be adjusted, so that the zero-voltage switching operation of the switching element SW can be maintained. Further, only by providing the auxiliary switching element SW in the power supply unit 10 S Voltage limiting capacitor C S Since the switching element SW can be switched to zero voltage and the magnitude of the power to be transmitted can be changed, the configuration of the wireless power supply device 1 can be suppressed from being complicated, unlike the case where the power supply unit 10 is provided with a DC-DC converter composed of a large number of elements to change the magnitude of the power to be transmitted. As a result, the wireless power supply device 1 can be prevented from being complicated and expensive in structure, and the size of the transmitted power can be changed while maintaining a zero-voltage switch with a small switching loss.
Further, since the zero-voltage switching operation is performed in the entire range of the change in the magnitude of the transmitted electric power, heat generation of the switching element SW caused by switching the switching element SW in a state where the voltage is applied to the switching element SW can be suppressed. This can simplify (miniaturize) the structure of the cooling mechanism for cooling the switching element SW.
Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, the on time T of the switching element SW ON And an auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S Controlled byIs made into a slave transmission coil L 1 The frequency of the transmitted power is within a prescribed frequency range. Thereby, the coil L is transmitted from 1 By adjusting the on-time T of the switching element SW while the frequency of the power to be transmitted is limited to a predetermined frequency range ON And an auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S The magnitude of the power transmitted can be changed.
In the first embodiment, the frequency range is 80kHz to 90kHz as described above. This can be applied to a wireless charging device for an electric vehicle, etc. in which the frequency of electric power transmitted by an electric wave method is limited to 80kHz to 90 kHz.
Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, the on time T of the switching element SW is controlled ON And auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S The sum is controlled to be within a prescribed time range. Here, one cycle of the transmitted electric power (alternating current) is substantially defined by the on time T of the switching element SW ON Auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S The sum of the times of the resonance voltage change (increase or decrease) indicates that, since the time of the resonance voltage change is substantially constant, the on-time T through the switching element SW ON And auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S The sum is controlled within a predetermined time range, and the period (frequency) of the power (ac) to be transmitted can be made substantially constant.
Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, the voltage limiting capacitor C S Capacitance ratio of (C) to resonance capacitor C 1 The capacitance of the capacitor is more than 5 times larger. Thereby, in the transmission coil L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 By making the auxiliary switching element SW in the case of rising resonance voltage S On, the resonance voltage is fixed (clamped) to a voltage limiting capacitor C having a large capacitance S Is approximately the same voltage. As a result, the peak voltage of the relatively high resonance voltage is suppressed from being applied to the switching element SW or the like, and therefore, an element with a low withstand voltage can be selected for the switching element SW or the like.
Further, in the first embodiment, as above The power supply unit 10 includes a detection transmission coil L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 A resonance voltage detection circuit 31a and a resonance voltage detection circuit 32a of the resonance voltage of the switching element SW, the on control circuit 31 controlling the on timing of the switching element SW based on the resonance voltage detected by the resonance voltage detection circuit 31a, and the on control circuit 32 controlling the auxiliary switching element SW based on the resonance voltage detected by the resonance voltage detection circuit 32a S Is turned on. Accordingly, the resonance voltage detection circuit 31a and the resonance voltage detection circuit 32a can reliably detect the zero crossing point of the resonance voltage (the timing at which the magnitude of the resonance voltage becomes zero), and therefore the switching element SW and the auxiliary switching element SW S The resonance voltage is reliably turned on (zero-voltage switching operation is reliably performed) in a zero-resonance voltage state.
Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, since the transmission coil L is performed in the power receiving unit 20 2 And a resonance capacitor C 2 And therefore the transmission power can be increased by the resonance action in the magnetic coupling.
Second embodiment
The configuration of the wireless power supply system 200 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 10. In the wireless power feeding system 200, unlike the first embodiment described above in which two resonance voltage detection circuits 31a and 32a are provided, one resonance voltage detection circuit 231a is provided in the control unit 230.
In the wireless power feeding system 200, as in the first embodiment, the on control circuit 231 controls the timing of turning on the switching element SW based on the resonance voltage detected by the resonance voltage detection circuit 231 a. Then, the on control circuit 232 turns on the gate signal (gate voltage V) of the switching element SW based on the resonance voltage detected by the resonance voltage detection circuit 231a g ) Control auxiliary switching element SW S Is turned on. The on control circuit 231 and the on control circuit 232 are examples of the first on control circuit and the second on control circuit, respectively.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the auxiliary switchElement SW S In the off state, the transmission coil L 1 Is a voltage V across (V) L1 (resonance voltage) gradually increases, and the resonance voltage detection circuit 231a detects the transmission coil L 1 Is a voltage V across (V) L1 Is (time t) 11 ). Then, the resonance voltage detection circuit 31a is based on the zero-crossing point (time t 11 ) At time t 12 The gate voltage V of the switching element SW g Switching from the L level to the H level. Further, the cycle synchronization circuit 232b of the turn-on control circuit 232 receives the gate voltage V of the switching element SW from g Time t of switching from H level to L level 13 After a preset time has elapsed, at time t 14 Make the auxiliary switch element SW S Gate voltage V of (2) gs Switching from the L level to the H level. Thereby, the auxiliary switching element SW S And (5) switching on.
The other structures of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Effect of the second embodiment
In the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
In the second embodiment, as described above, the power supply unit 10 includes the detection transmission coil L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 A resonance voltage detection circuit 231a of the resonance voltage of the switch element SW, and an on control circuit 231 controls the on timing of the switch element SW based on the resonance voltage detected by the resonance voltage detection circuit 231a, and an on control circuit 232 controls the auxiliary switch element SW based on the gate signal of the switch element SW S Is turned on. Thereby, the switching element SW and the auxiliary switching element SW can be controlled based on the resonance voltage detected by the one resonance voltage detection circuit 231a S The switching-on periods of both can simplify (miniaturize) the structure of the wireless power supply device 1.
Third embodiment
The configuration of the wireless power supply system 300 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 12. The wireless power supply system 300 is a bidirectional wireless power supply system capable of supplying power in both directions between the power supply unit 10 and the power receiving unit 320.
In the wireless power supply system 300, the configuration of the power supply unit 10 is the same as that of the first embodiment (or the second embodiment) described above.
In the third embodiment, the power receiving unit 320 includes, as a rectifying circuit, transistors Q connected in parallel with each other 2 And diode D 2 Is provided with a switching element SW 2 . Furthermore, diode D 2 And transistor Q 2 And are connected in anti-parallel. Transistor Q 2 Such as an N-type MOSFET. Further, transistor Q 2 The self-turn-off type switching element (IGBT or the like) other than the MOSFET may be used. Further, a switching element SW 2 The current capacity of the switching element SW is the same. Further, transistor Q 2 Is an example of the switch section. Furthermore, diode D 2 Is an example of a rectifying element. Further, a switching element SW 2 Is an example of the second switching element.
In the power receiving unit 320, the coil L is transmitted 2 Positive side of (C), resonant capacitor (C) 2 Is electrically connected to the positive side of the load 22. Furthermore, a transmission coil L 2 Negative side of (C), resonant capacitor (C) 2 Negative side of (1), transistor Q 2 Drain of (diode D) 2 Is electrically connected to each other. Further, transistor Q 2 Source (diode D) 2 Is electrically connected to the negative side of the load 22).
The power receiving unit 320 is provided with an on control circuit, not shown. Moreover, the turn-on control circuit is based on the transmission coil L 2 And a resonance capacitor C 2 Control the switching element SW 2 Thereby, the switching element SW 2 Zero voltage switching is performed.
The other structures of the third embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment (or the second embodiment) described above.
Effect of the third embodiment
In the third embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
In the third embodiment, as described above, the power receiving unit 320, which is a rectifying circuit, includes a power receiving unit having a plurality of power receiving units connected in parallel with each otherConnected transistor Q 2 And diode D 2 Is provided with a switching element SW 2 . Thereby, by controlling the switching element SW 2 Can transmit electric power from the power receiving unit 320 to the power feeding unit 10. That is, the wireless power supply system 300 may be configured as a two-party wireless power supply system.
Fourth embodiment
The configuration of the wireless power supply system 400 according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 13. The wireless power supply system 400 includes an auxiliary switching element SW to the wireless power supply system 300 according to the third embodiment S2 And a voltage limiting capacitor C S2 . Further, the wireless power supply system 400 is a bidirectional wireless power supply system capable of supplying power in both directions between the power supply unit 10 and the power receiving unit 420. Furthermore, a voltage limiting capacitor C S2 Is an example of a second voltage limiting capacitor. Further, an auxiliary switching element SW S2 Is an example of the second auxiliary switching element.
In the wireless power supply system 400, the configuration of the power supply unit 10 is the same as that of the first to third embodiments described above.
Here, in the fourth embodiment, the power receiving unit 420 includes: and transmission coil L 2 Or a switching element SW 2 (in the fourth embodiment, the transmission coil L 2 ) Auxiliary switching elements SW connected in parallel and connected in series with each other S2 And limit the transmission coil L 2 And a resonance capacitor C 2 Voltage limiting capacitor C of the resonance voltage of (2) S2 。
Auxiliary switching element SW S2 Including transistor Q S2 And transistor Q S2 Diode D connected in anti-parallel S2 . Transistor Q S2 Such as an N-type MOSFET. Further, transistor Q S2 The self-turn-off type switching element (IGBT or the like) other than the MOSFET may be used.
Further, in the fourth embodiment, the voltage limiting capacitor C S2 Capacitance ratio of (C) to resonance capacitor C 2 The capacitance of the capacitor is more than 5 times larger. For example, a resonant capacitor C 2 Is 0.1 muf. Furthermore, a voltage limiting capacitor C S2 Capacity example of (2)Such as 0.5. Mu.F to 5. Mu.F.
In the power receiving unit 420, the coil L is transmitted 2 Positive side of (C), resonant capacitor (C) 2 Positive side of (a), voltage limiting capacitor C S2 Is electrically connected to the positive side of the load 22. Furthermore, a voltage limiting capacitor C S2 Negative side of (a) and auxiliary switching element SW S2 Transistor Q of (2) S2 Drain of (diode D) S2 Is electrically connected to each other. Furthermore, a transmission coil L 2 Negative side of (C), resonant capacitor (C) 2 Negative side of (a), auxiliary switching element SW S2 Transistor Q of (2) S2 Source (diode D) S2 Anode of) and transistor Q 2 Drain of (diode D) 2 Is electrically connected to each other. Further, transistor Q 2 Source (diode D) 2 Is electrically connected to the negative side of the load 22).
The power receiving unit 420 is provided with an on control circuit 31 and an on control circuit 32, which are not shown, similarly to the first embodiment (or the second embodiment). Moreover, the turn-on control circuit 31 is based on the transmission coil L 2 And a resonance capacitor C 2 Control the switching element SW 2 The ON control circuit 32 controls the auxiliary switching element SW based on the resonance voltage S2 Thereby, the switching element SW 2 And an auxiliary switching element SW S2 Zero voltage switching is performed.
The other structures of the fourth embodiment are the same as those of the first to third embodiments.
Effect of the fourth embodiment
In the fourth embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
In the fourth embodiment, as described above, the power receiving unit 420 includes the transmission coil L 2 Or a switching element SW 2 Auxiliary switching elements SW connected in parallel and in series with each other S2 Limiting transmission coil L 2 And a resonance capacitor C 2 Voltage limiting capacitor C of the resonance voltage of (2) S2 . Thus, even when power is supplied from the power receiving unit 420In the case where the unit 10 transmits power, the switching element SW 2 Auxiliary switching element SW S2 The zero-voltage switching operation can be performed, and the magnitude of the power to be transmitted can be changed while the frequency of the power to be transmitted is within a predetermined frequency range.
Further, in the fourth embodiment, as described above, the voltage limiting capacitor C S2 Capacitance ratio of (C) to resonance capacitor C 2 The capacitance of the capacitor is more than 5 times larger. Thereby, in the transmission coil L 2 And a resonance capacitor C 2 By making the auxiliary switching element SW in the case of rising resonance voltage S2 On, the resonance voltage is stably clamped in the voltage limiting capacitor C with large capacitance S2 Is set in the above-described voltage range. As a result, the pair switching element SW is suppressed 2 And the peak voltage of the relatively high resonance voltage is applied, so that the switching element SW can be connected 2 And the like, a low withstand voltage element.
Modification example
The presently disclosed embodiments are considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present disclosure is indicated by the claims rather than the description of the above embodiments, and all changes (modifications) that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are also intended to be embraced therein.
For example, in the first to fourth embodiments described above, the resonant capacitor C is shown 1 And transmission coil L 1 Examples of parallel connections, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, a resonant capacitor C 1 Or may be connected in parallel with the switching element SW. In addition, a plurality of resonance capacitors C 1 Or can be connected in parallel with the transmission coil L 1 And a switching element SW. Further, with the resonance capacitor C of the fourth embodiment 2 Likewise, a resonant capacitor C 2 May also be connected with a switching element SW 2 Connected in parallel. Alternatively, a plurality of resonant capacitors C 2 Can also be connected with a transmission coil L 2 And a switching element SW 2 The two are connected in parallel.
In the first to fourth embodiments, the on time T of the switching element SW is shown ON And an auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S Is controlled to be from the transmission coil L 1 Examples of the frequency of the power transmitted in the range of 80kHz to 90kHz are not limited thereto. For example, the on-time T may also be controlled ON And on time T S So that the frequency of the power to be transmitted is in a frequency range different from the range of 80kHz to 90 kHz. In addition, the on-time T can also be controlled ON And on time T S So that the frequency of the power to be transmitted is varied over a wider range than the range of 80kHz to 90 kHz. Further, regarding the switching element SW of the power receiving unit 420 of the fourth embodiment 2 Is set to be on-time T of ON And an auxiliary switching element SW S2 Is set to be on-time T of S Or with the on time T of the switching element SW ON And an auxiliary switching element SW S Is set to be on-time T of S The control is performed in the same manner as described above.
In the first to fourth embodiments, the voltage limiting capacitor C is shown S Capacitance ratio of (C) to resonance capacitor C 1 For example, the capacitance is more than 5 times greater, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. As a rule of thumb, if the voltage limiting capacitor C S The capacitance of (2) is a resonance capacitor C 1 More than 5 times the capacitance of (C), a sufficient voltage stability can be obtained at the time of clamping, but if the ripple can be contained within an allowable range, for example, the voltage limiting capacitor C S The capacitance of (2) may also be smaller than that of the resonant capacitor C 1 Is 5 times the capacitance of the capacitor. Likewise, voltage limiting capacitor C S2 The capacitance of (2) may also be smaller than that of the resonant capacitor C 2 Is 5 times the capacitance of the capacitor.
Description of the reference numerals
1. Wireless power supply device
10. Power supply unit
20. 320, 420 power receiving unit
21. 21 a-21 c rectifying circuit
22. 22 a-22 c load
30. Control unit
31. Switch-on control circuit (first switch-on control circuit)
31a resonance voltage detection circuit (first resonance voltage detection circuit)
31b resonance voltage detection circuit (second resonance voltage detection circuit)
32. Switch-on control circuit (second switch-on control circuit)
100. 200, 300, 400 wireless power supply system
230. Control unit
231. Switch-on control circuit (first switch-on control circuit)
231a resonant voltage detection circuit
232. Switch-on control circuit (second switch-on control circuit)
C 1 Resonance capacitor (first resonance capacitor)
C 2 Resonance capacitor (second resonance capacitor)
C S Voltage limiting capacitor (first voltage limiting capacitor)
C S2 Voltage limiting capacitor (second voltage limiting capacitor)
D 2 Diode (rectifying element)
E DC power supply
L 1 Transmission coil (first transmission coil)
L 2 Transmission coil (second transmission coil)
SW switching element (first switching element)
SW 2 Switch element (second switch element)
SW S Auxiliary switching element (first auxiliary switching element)
SW S2 Auxiliary switching element (second auxiliary switching element)
T ON On-time (of switching element)
T S On-time (of auxiliary switching element)
Q 2 Transistor (switch)

Claims (11)

1. A single-ended wireless power supply device, comprising:
a power supply unit that supplies power to the power receiving unit; and
a control part for controlling the power supply unit,
the power supply unit includes:
a transmission coil and a switching element connected in series with the DC power supply;
a resonant capacitor connected in parallel with at least one of the transmission coil and the switching element;
auxiliary switching elements connected in parallel with the transmission coil or the switching element and connected in series with each other; and
a voltage limiting capacitor limiting a resonance voltage of the transmission coil and the resonance capacitor,
the control unit includes:
a first turn-on control circuit that controls a period of turn-on of the switching element according to the resonance voltages of the transmission coil and the resonance capacitor; and
a second turn-on control circuit that controls a period of turn-on of the auxiliary switching element according to a gate signal of the switching element or the resonance voltage of the transmission coil and the resonance capacitor,
The switching element and the auxiliary switching element are configured to perform zero-voltage switching operation.
2. The wireless power supply of claim 1, wherein,
the on-time of the switching element and the on-time of the auxiliary switching element are controlled so that the frequency of the electric power transmitted from the transmission coil is within a prescribed frequency range.
3. The wireless power supply of claim 2, wherein,
the frequency range is 80kHz to 90 kHz.
4. A wireless power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,
the sum of the on-time of the switching element and the on-time of the auxiliary switching element is controlled to be within a prescribed time range.
5. The wireless power supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein,
the capacitance of the voltage limiting capacitor is greater than the capacitance of the resonant capacitor by a factor of 5 or more.
6. The wireless power supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein,
the power supply unit further includes a first resonance voltage detection circuit and a second resonance voltage detection circuit that detect the resonance voltages of the transmission coil and the resonance capacitor,
The first on control circuit controls a period of on of the switching element based on the resonance voltage detected by the first resonance voltage detection circuit,
the second on control circuit controls a timing of turning on the auxiliary switching element based on the resonance voltage detected by the second resonance voltage detection circuit.
7. The wireless power supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein,
the power supply unit further includes a resonance voltage detection circuit that detects the resonance voltages of the transmission coil and the resonance capacitor,
the first on control circuit controls a timing of turning on the gate signal of the switching element based on the resonance voltage detected by the resonance voltage detection circuit,
the second on control circuit controls a period of on of the auxiliary switching element according to the gate signal of the switching element.
8. A single-ended wireless power supply system, comprising:
a power supply unit;
a power receiving unit powered by the power supply unit; and
a control part for controlling the power supply unit,
the power supply unit includes:
A first transmission coil and a first switching element connected in series with the direct current power supply;
a first resonant capacitor connected in parallel with at least one of the first transmission coil and the first switching element;
a first auxiliary switching element connected in parallel with the first transmission coil or the first switching element and connected in series with each other; and
a first voltage limiting capacitor limiting a resonance voltage of the first transmission coil and the first resonance capacitor,
the power receiving unit includes:
a second transmission coil;
a second resonant capacitor connected in parallel or in series with the second transmission coil, and a rectifying circuit; and
a load connected to the rectifying circuit,
the control unit includes:
a first turn-on control circuit that controls a turn-on period of the first switching element according to resonance voltages of the first transmission coil and the first resonance capacitor; and
a second on control circuit that controls a period of on of the first auxiliary switching element in accordance with a gate signal of the first switching element or the resonance voltage of the first transmission coil and the first resonance capacitor,
the first switching element and the first auxiliary switching element are configured to perform a zero-voltage switching operation.
9. The wireless power supply system of claim 8, wherein said wireless power supply system further comprises a wireless power unit,
the power receiving unit further includes a second switching element having a switching section and a rectifying element connected in parallel to each other as the rectifying circuit.
10. The wireless power supply system of claim 9 wherein said wireless power supply system further comprises a wireless power unit,
the power receiving unit further includes:
a second auxiliary switching element connected in parallel with the second transmission coil or the second switching element and connected in series with each other; and
a second voltage limiting capacitor limiting a resonance voltage of the second transmission coil and the second resonance capacitor.
11. The wireless power supply system of claim 10, wherein said wireless power supply system further comprises a wireless power unit,
the capacitance of the second voltage limiting capacitor is greater than the capacitance of the second resonant capacitor by a factor of 5 or more.
CN202180089145.1A 2021-01-05 2021-12-24 Wireless power supply device and wireless power supply system Pending CN116783793A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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JP2021000408A JP2022105829A (en) 2021-01-05 2021-01-05 Wireless power feeding device and wireless power feeding system
JP2021-000408 2021-01-05
PCT/JP2021/048183 WO2022149490A1 (en) 2021-01-05 2021-12-24 Wireless electric power supply device and wireless electric power supply system

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