CN1167831A

CN1167831A - Simple method and apparatus for obtaining Cu, Ni and Co from ore by wet metallurgy

Info

Publication number: CN1167831A
Application number: CN97103519A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尹国宗
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-03-23
Filing date: 1997-03-23
Publication date: 1997-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 2017-03-23
Also published as: CN1047800C

Abstract

A simple hydrometallurgical process for extracting Cu, Ni, or Co from sulfide- or oxide-type Cu, Ni, or Co ores includes preparing the extracting agent by mixing ammonia water with ammonium hydrogen carbonate, mixing the extracting agent with powdered ore, high-pressure reaction to obtain solution containing metal, thermal decomposition, filtering, baking and electrolysis. Its apparatus is an enclosed cyclic system, so the extracting agent can be recovered for reuse. Its advantages are simple method, low cost of apparatus and production, high extracing rate up to 80% or more.

Description

The simple and easy method of hydrometallurgical extraction copper, nickel, cobalt and device thereof from ore

The present invention relates to a kind of from ore the method and the device of hydrometallurgical extraction of metal, particularly relate to a kind of method and device thereof that from ore, extracts copper, nickel, cobalt.

In the prior art, ore is divided into sulfide type and oxidized form, sees from extraction process to be divided into flotation and two kinds of methods of hydrometallurgy, and floatation process only is applicable to the sulfide type ore, its complex process, equipment is huge, production cost height, and hydrometallurgical extraction technology and the device developed in recent years, mainly be applicable to the oxidized form ore, particularly only be applicable to and from cupric oxide ore, extract cupric oxide, and for sulfide type ore and other oxidized form ore, as; Nickel, cobalt is inapplicable, as at application number being disclosed in 92110928.8 " ammonia dipping precipitation is handled the technology of low-grade copper ashes or cupric oxide ore ", adopt sulphuric acid soln and made leaching agent, make precipitation agent with volatile salt, make middle mass transfer media with sulfuric acid and calcium oxide, reclaim ammonia with dilute sulphuric acid, main processes is broken, ball milling, leach, filter, acidifying, precipitation, separate, washing, oven dry, calcining etc., this technical process complexity, it is too much to consume sulfuric acid and other raw material, increase production cost, owing to adopt sulfuric acid to make leaching agent, the technical requirements height, not easy to operate, and equipment also had particular requirement, and adopting this kind technology, its integral device is huge, cost is also high, so be difficult for being utilized, and this technology and equipment thereof only is applicable to cupric oxide ore, and to cupric sulfide and nickel, cobalt ore is inapplicable.

The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of from ore the method and the device of hydrometallurgical extraction of metal, applicable to sulfide type and oxidized form ore, particularly be applicable to and from ore, extract copper, nickel, cobalt, and extraction element is simple, cost is low holds concurrently, and extraction agent is recyclable to be recycled, and does not have any pollution.

Method of the present invention comprises the preparation of extraction agent, the processing of ore and extraction process, it is characterized in that adopting the mixing solutions of ammoniacal liquor and bicarbonate of ammonia as extraction agent, the ratio of ammoniacal liquor and bicarbonate of ammonia is determined according to the concentration of ammoniacal liquor, 10% ammoniacal liquor, and its ratio is 20: 1,15% ammoniacal liquor, its ratio is 15: 1,20% ammoniacal liquor, and its ratio is 10: 1; Ore powder is broken to the breeze of granularity less than 1mm; The consumption of extraction agent is as follows: to metal content less than 5% breeze, per ton with 1 ton of extraction agent, 1-5 percentage point of the every increase of metal content, the extraction agent consumption increases by 0.5 ton, and concrete extraction process is as follows: 50% of breeze and required extraction dosage is added in the stirred pot input retort after fully stirring, filtering layer is arranged in the retort, ore pulp limit coronite is filtered, and ore pulp carries out first set reaction under 4.5-5.5 kilogram pressure, and the time is 7-9 hour.Behind the molten metal input receiver that reaction generates, again all the other 50% extraction agents are pressed into retort, and the control reaction pressure is no more than 5.5 kilograms, after extraction agent is pressed into and finishes, and molten metal input receiver that can will generate once more, then, molten metal flow automatically to put into from receiver decompose jar and be heated to and boil,, stop heating when molten metal becomes colorless when transparent, metallic waste liquid is filtered, obtain metal oxide after the oven dry and obtain the metal of carrying through electrolysis again.

Adopt above-mentioned processing method, can directly extract cupric oxide and nickel oxide breeze, and to cupric sulfide and nickelous sulfide breeze, need through roasting, extract again after making it become cupric oxide and nickel oxide, for the cobalt ore powder, then need carry out acidleach, and the solution after its acidleach is neutralized, making its pH value is 9.5, obtain throw out after the neutralization, and then utilize aforesaid method to extract.Implement the device that aforesaid method adopted, it is an airtight recycle system, comprise stirring, reaction, decompose, filter and wait jar, it is characterized in that having set up the extraction agent jar, receiver, give the heat jar, prolong and extraction agent retrieving arrangement, and they are linked to be an airtight recycle system by pipe fitting, wherein the extraction agent jar respectively with stirring, reacting two jars links to each other, simultaneously, the extraction agent jar also links to each other with the absorption tower by liquid supplementation pipe, receiver gives the heat jar and is located at reaction, between decomposing two jars, and in giving the heat jar, be provided with ventpipe, one end of ventpipe links to each other with the decomposition tank top, the other end links to each other through the absorption tower of prolong with the extraction agent retrieving arrangement, the absorption tower, tourie, water tank and liquid pump are formed the extraction agent retrieving arrangement, rank are installed for ring or Pall ring in the absorption tower, the extraction agent jar links to each other with the extraction agent retrieving arrangement by liquid supplementation pipe, because all leaching process carries out under air-tight state, in the course of conveying of liquid, can produce negative pressure or malleation in jar, so the top of jar all communicates with the absorption tower by barometric pipe.

Compared with prior art, method technology of the present invention is simple, production cost is low, be suitable for and extract metal from multiple ore, its extraction element is simple in structure, and cost is low, can fully reclaim extraction agent recycles, reduced consumption of raw materials, adopted method and apparatus of the present invention, can make more than the extraction rate reached to 80% of metal.

Accompanying drawing is an extraction element structural representation of the present invention

Below embodiments of the invention are described further.The present invention adopts ammoniacal liquor and bicarbonate of ammonia mixing solutions as extraction agent, its ratio is between the two decided on the concentration of ammoniacal liquor, ammoniacal liquor for 10%, ratio is 20: 1,15% ammoniacal liquor, ratio is 15: 1,20% ammoniacal liquor, ratio is 10: 1, the consumption of extraction agent look containing metal amount in the ore what determine, the containing metal amount is less than 5%, 1 ton of extraction agent of breeze per ton, 1-5 percentage point of the every increase of metal content, the extraction agent consumption increases by 0.5 ton, is that 7% extraction agent consumption is 1.5 tons as metal content, and metal content is 12%, then the extraction agent consumption is 2 tons, the processing of ore is looked different sorts and type and is different, ore after crushed, its granularity should be less than 1mm, optimum size is 0.2-1mm, cupric oxide ore and nickel oxide ores can directly be extracted after crushed, after cupric sulfide and nickel sulfide ores are pulverized, and must be through roasting oxidation, maturing temperature is 500-560 ℃, and after cobalt ore pulverized, need carry out acidleach, and add lime in the solution after acidleach or yellow soda ash is neutralized to PH9.5, and after the throw out that neutralization the is obtained washing, just can extract.

Concrete extraction process is as follows: the extraction agent that will prepare in extraction agent jar 2 earlier adds in the stirred pot 17, add-on is 50% of a required extraction agent, then breeze is added in the stirred pot by feeding machine 1, after fully stirring, ore pulp is pressed in the retort 16 by air pump 18, this retort is the patented product that the inventor applies for, its patent No. is ZL93207859.1, this jar collection reacts and is filtered into one, the reaction pressure of ore pulp in retort is the 4.5-5.5 kilogram, reaction times is 7-9 hour, optimum pressure is 5 kilograms, time is 8 hours, after the reaction, molten metal is pressed in the receiver 5, and then all the other 50% extraction agents are pressed in the retort by liquid pump 3, carry out the reaction second time, this process answers control pressure to be no more than 5.5 kilograms, after extraction agent is pressed into and finishes, just molten metal can be pressed into receiver, the gravity flow of molten metal in the receiver is put into decomposition jar 4 and given hot jar 6 to expiring, be heated to by process furnace 15 then and boil, ventpipe 13 and the prolong 12 of the extraction agent gas that produces in giving the heat jar enters in the absorption tower 8, should start liquid pump 10 this moment, make water in the tourie 11 with 4 cubic metres flow per hour at the absorption tower internal recycle, rank are installed for ring or Pall ring in the absorption tower, can fully reclaim extraction agent, when the ammonia content in the water reaches 10% when above, promptly it is imported in extraction agent jar by liquid supplementation pipe 9, when molten metal becomes water white transparency, promptly stop heating, metallic waste liquid is put into hay tank 14 filter and just obtain wet metal oxide, drying again, electrolysis just can obtain the metal that extracted, and the jar that links to each other with the absorption tower through barometric pipe 7 comprises extraction agent, stir, reaction, storage liquid, give jars such as heat.

Claims

1, a kind of from ore hydrometallurgical extraction copper, nickel, the simple and easy method of cobalt, comprise the preparation of extraction agent, the processing of ore and extraction process, it is characterized in that adopting the mixing solutions of ammoniacal liquor and bicarbonate of ammonia as extraction agent, the ratio of ammoniacal liquor and bicarbonate of ammonia is determined according to the concentration of ammoniacal liquor, ammoniacal liquor with 10%, ratio is 20: 1,15% ammoniacal liquor, ratio is 15: 1,20% ammoniacal liquor, ratio is 10: 1, the consumption of extraction agent is looked the amount of institute's containing metal in the ore and is determined, for metal content less than 5% ore, per ton with 1 ton of extraction agent, 1-5 percentage point of the every increase of metal content, extraction agent increases 0.5 ton, the processing of ore, then select treatment process for use according to dissimilar ores, the one, pulverize the back and directly extract, the 2nd, pulverize after extract after the roasting, the 3rd, pulverize after extract after the acidleach, the granularity that ore is pulverized is 0.2-1mm, concrete extraction process is as follows: with treated breeze with after 50% of required extraction dosage mixes, through fully stirring in the input retort, under 4.5-5.5 kilogram pressure, carry out first set reaction, time is 7-9 hour, to react then in the molten metal input receiver that generates, and all the other 50% extraction agents will be pressed into carry out the reaction second time in the retort again, end when the reaction times has pressed with extraction agent, this process should be controlled reaction pressure and be no more than 5.5 kilograms, again with in the molten metal input receiver that generates, from receiver, the molten metal gravity flow put into and decomposes jar and be heated to and boil, treat that molten metal becomes water white transparency after, stop heating, metallic waste liquid is put into the filter tank filtration obtain wet metal oxide, drying again, electrolysis promptly obtains the metal of carrying.

2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that can directly extracting after cupric oxide and the nickel oxide ores pulverizing.

3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that extracting after 500-560 ℃ temperature roasting makes it become cupric oxide and nickel oxide after cupric sulfide and the nickel sulfide ores pulverizing.

4, according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that cobalt ore after crushed, carry out acidleach again, the solution after the acidleach is neutralized to PH9.5 with lime or yellow soda ash, the gained throw out extracts after washing.

5, a kind of extraction element that is used for claim 1-4 method, it comprises stirring, reaction, decompose, filter and wait jar and extraction agent retrieving arrangement, it is characterized in that it also comprises the extraction agent jar, receiver, give the heat jar, prolong etc., and they are linked to be an airtight recycle system with pipe fitting, wherein, the extraction agent jar respectively with stirring, reacting two jars links to each other, simultaneously, link to each other with absorption tower in the extraction agent retrieving arrangement by liquid supplementation pipe, receiver with give heat jar and place reaction, between decomposing two jars, in giving the heat jar, ventpipe is arranged, one end of ventpipe communicates with decomposing the tank top, and the other end links to each other with the absorption tower through prolong, does not have liquid pump between extraction agent jar and retort, and stir, reaction, aerodynamic force between three jars of the liquid of storage is provided by the air pump that links to each other with them, recirculated water in the absorption tower is then provided in tourie by liquid pump, is in operation to produce the jar of negative pressure or malleation, and its tank deck all communicates with the absorption tower by barometric pipe.