CN1047800C

CN1047800C - Simple method and apparatus for obtaining Cu, Ni and Co from ore by wet metallurgy

Info

Publication number: CN1047800C
Application number: CN97103519A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尹国宗
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-03-23
Filing date: 1997-03-23
Publication date: 1999-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2017-03-23
Also published as: CN1167831A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a simple method for the hydrometallurgical extraction of copper, nickel and cobalt from ores and a device thereof. The method can be used for processing and extracting vulcanized ores and oxidized ores of copper, nickel and cobalt, and the device is a closed circulation system which can be used for recovering extracting agents for repeated utilization. The present invention is characterized in that mixed solution of ammonia water and ammonium bicarbonate is used as an extracting agent, the mixed solution and powdered ores are thoroughly mixed and then react under high pressure to obtain metal containing solution, and the metal containing solution is heated for decomposition, filtered, dried and electrolyzed to obtain extracted metal. The method is simple and reliable and has a wide range of application, and the device has low cost. If the present invention is adopted, the production cost can be reduced, and the extraction rate of metal can reach more than 80%.

Description

The method of hydrometallurgical extraction copper, nickel, cobalt and device thereof from ore

The present invention relates to a kind of from ore the method and the device thereof of hydrometallurgical extraction of metal, particularly relate to a kind of method and device thereof that from ore, extracts copper, nickel, cobalt.

In the prior art, ore is divided into sulfide type and oxidized form, see from extraction process and to be divided into flotation and two kinds of methods of hydrometallurgy, floatation process only is applicable to the sulfide type ore, its complex process, equipment is huge, the production cost height, and hydrometallurgical extraction technology and the device developed in recent years, mainly be applicable to the oxidized form ore, particularly only be applicable to and from cupric oxide ore, extract cupric oxide, and for sulfide type ore and other oxidized form ore such as nickel, cobalt is inapplicable, as at application number being disclosed in 92110928.8 " ammonia dipping precipitation is handled the technology of low-grade copper ashes or cupric oxide ore ", adopt sulphuric acid soln to make leaching agent, make precipitation agent with volatile salt, make middle mass transfer media with sulfuric acid and calcium oxide, reclaim ammonia with dilute sulphuric acid, main processes is broken, ball milling, leach, filter, acidifying, precipitation, separate, washing, oven dry, calcining etc., this technical process complexity, it is too much to consume sulfuric acid and other raw material, increase production cost, owing to adopt sulfuric acid to make leaching agent, the technical requirements height, not easy to operate, and equipment also had particular requirement, and adopting this kind technology, its integral device is huge, cost is also high, so be difficult for being utilized, and this technology and equipment thereof only is applicable to cupric oxide ore, and to cupric sulfide and nickel, cobalt ore is inapplicable.

The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of from ore the method and apparatus of hydrometallurgical extraction of metal, applicable to sulfide type and oxidized form ore, be specially adapted to from ore, extract copper, nickel, cobalt, and extraction element is simple, with low cost, extraction agent is recyclable to be recycled, and does not have any pollution.

Method of the present invention comprises the preparation of extraction agent, the processing of ore and extraction process, it is characterized in that using the mixing solutions of ammoniacal liquor and bicarbonate of ammonia as extraction agent, the ratio of ammoniacal liquor and bicarbonate of ammonia is determined according to the concentration of ammoniacal liquor, 10% ammoniacal liquor, its ratio is 20: 1,15% ammoniacal liquor, its ratio is 15: 1,20% ammoniacal liquor, its ratio is 10: 1, ore powder is broken to the breeze of granularity less than 1mm, and the consumption of extraction agent is looked the amount of institute's cupric in the ore or nickel or cobalt and is determined, for metal content less than 5% breeze, per ton with 1 ton of extraction agent, 1-5 percentage points of the every increases of metal content, the extraction agent consumption increases by 0.5 ton, and extraction process is as follows: 50% of breeze and required extraction dosage is added in the stirred pot, input retort after fully stirring, filtering layer is arranged in the retort, make ore pulp limit coronite overanxious, ore pulp is in 4.5-5.5 kilograms per centimeter ²Carry out first set reaction under the pressure, the time is 7-9 hours.Behind the pregnant solution input receiver that reaction generates, again all the other 50% extraction agents are pressed into retort, and the control reaction pressure is no more than 5.5 kilograms per centimeter ²After extraction agent is pressed into and finishes, the containing metal solution input receiver that can will generate once more, then, containing metal solution flow automatically to put into from receiver decompose jar and be heated to and boil, when containing metal solution becomes water white transparency, stop heating, pregnant solution is filtered, obtain metal oxide after the oven dry, can obtain the metal of carrying through electrolysis.

Adopt above-mentioned processing method, can directly extract cupric oxide and nickel oxide breeze, and to cupric sulfide and nickelous sulfide breeze, need through roasting, extract again after making it become cupric oxide and nickel oxide, for the cobalt ore powder, then need carry out acidleach, and the solution after its acidleach is neutralized, making its pH value is 9.5, obtain throw out after the neutralization, and then utilize aforesaid method to extract.

Implement the device that above-mentioned technology adopts, it is an airtight recycle system, comprise stirring, reaction, decompose to filter and wait jar, it is characterized in that having set up the extraction agent jar, receiver, give the heat jar, prolong and extraction agent retrieving arrangement, and they are linked to be an airtight recycle system by pipe fitting, wherein the extraction agent jar respectively with stirring, reacting two jars links to each other, simultaneously, the extraction agent jar links to each other with the absorption tower by liquid supplementation pipe, receiver, give the heat jar and be located at reaction, between decomposing two jars, and in giving the heat jar, be provided with ventpipe, one end of ventpipe links to each other with the decomposition tank top, the other end links to each other through the absorption tower of prolong with the extraction agent retrieving arrangement, the absorption tower, tourie, water tank and liquid pump are formed the extraction agent retrieving arrangement, rank are installed for ring or Pall ring in the absorption tower, the extraction agent jar links to each other with the extraction agent retrieving arrangement by liquid supplementation pipe, because all leaching process carries out under air-tight state, in the course of conveying of liquid, can produce negative pressure or malleation in jar, so the top of jar all communicates with the absorption tower by barometric pipe.

Compared with prior art, method technology of the present invention is simple, production cost is low, be suitable for and extract metal from multiple ore, its extraction element is simple in structure, and cost is low, can fully reclaim extraction agent recycles, reduced consumption of raw materials, adopted method and apparatus of the present invention, can make more than the extraction rate reached to 80% of metal.

Accompanying drawing is an extraction element structural representation of the present invention

Below embodiments of the invention are described further, the present invention adopts the mixing solutions of ammoniacal liquor and bicarbonate of ammonia as extraction agent, its ratio is between the two decided on the concentration of ammoniacal liquor, ammoniacal liquor for 10%, ratio is 20: 1,15% ammoniacal liquor, ratio is 15: 1,20% ammoniacal liquor, ratio is 10: 1, the consumption of extraction agent is looked the amount of cupric in the ore or nickel or cobalt and is determined, the containing metal amount is less than 5%, and breeze per ton is with 1 ton of extraction agent, 1-5 percentage point of the every increase of metal content, the extraction agent consumption increases by 0.5 ton, as metal content is 7%, and then the extraction agent consumption is 1.5 tons, and metal content is 12%, then the extraction agent consumption is 2 tons, the processing of ore is looked different sorts and type and is different, ore after crushed, its granularity should be less than 1mm, optimum size is 0.2-1mm, cupric oxide ore and nickel oxide ores can directly be extracted after crushed, after cupric sulfide and nickel sulfide ores are pulverized, and must be through roasting oxidation, maturing temperature is 500-560 ℃, and after cobalt ore pulverized, need carry out acidleach, and add lime in the solution after acidleach or yellow soda ash is neutralized to PH9.5, and after the throw out that neutralization the is obtained washing, just can extract

Concrete extraction process is as follows: the extraction agent that will prepare in extraction agent jar 2 earlier adds in the stirred pot 17, add-on is 50% of a required extraction agent, then breeze is added in the stirred pot by feeding machine 1, after fully stirring, ore pulp is pressed in the retort 16 by air pump 18, this retort is the patented product that the inventor applies for, its patent No. is ZL93207859.1, and this jar collection reacts and is filtered into one, and the reaction pressure of ore pulp in retort is the 4.5-5.5 kilograms per centimeter ², the reaction times is 7-9 hour, optimum pressure is 5 kilograms per centimeter ², the time is 8 hours, after the reaction, pregnant solution is pressed in the receiver 5, and then all the other 50% extraction agents are pressed in the retort by liquid pump 3, carries out the reaction second time, this process reaction pressure is no more than 5.5 kilograms per centimeter ²After extraction agent is pressed into and finishes, just containing metal solution can be pressed into receiver, the gravity flow of containing metal solution in the receiver is put into decomposition jar 4 and given hot jar 6 to expiring, be heated to by process furnace 15 then and boil, ventpipe 13 and the prolong 12 of the extraction agent gas that produces in giving the heat jar enters in the absorption tower 8, should start liquid pump 10 this moment, make water in the tourie 11 with 4 cubic metres flow per hour at the absorption tower internal recycle, rank are installed for ring or Pall ring in the absorption tower, can fully reclaim extraction agent, when the ammonia content in the water reaches 10% when above, promptly it is imported in extraction agent jar by liquid supplementation pipe 9, when containing metal solution becomes water white transparency, promptly stop heating, pregnant solution is put into hay tank 14 filter and just obtain wet metal oxide, drying again, electrolysis just can obtain the metal that extracted, and the jar that links to each other with the absorption tower through barometric pipe 7 comprises extraction agent, stir, reaction, storage liquid, give jars such as heat.

Claims

1. hydrometallurgical extraction copper from ore, nickel, the method of cobalt, it is characterized in that adopting the mixing solutions of ammoniacal liquor and bicarbonate of ammonia as extraction agent, the ratio of ammoniacal liquor and bicarbonate of ammonia is determined according to the concentration of ammoniacal liquor, ammoniacal liquor with 10%, ratio is 20: 1,15% ammoniacal liquor, ratio is 15: 1,20% ammoniacal liquor, and ratio is 10: 1, the consumption of extraction agent is looked the amount of institute's cupric in the ore or nickel or cobalt and is determined,, per ton for metal content with 1 ton of extraction agent, 1-5 percentage point of the every increase of metal content less than 5% ore, extraction agent increases by 0.5 ton, the processing of ore is then selected treatment process for use according to dissimilar ores, and the one, pulverize the back and directly extract, the 2nd, pulverize after extract after the roasting, the 3rd, pulverize after extract after the acidleach, the granularity that ore is pulverized is 0.2-1mm, concrete extraction process is as follows: with treated breeze with after 50% of required extraction dosage mixes, through fully stirring in the input retort, in the 4.5-5.5 kilograms per centimeter ²Carry out first set reaction under the pressure, time is 7-9 hour, to react then in the pregnant solution input receiver that generates, again all the other extraction agents of 50% are pressed into retort and carry out the reaction second time, end when the reaction times has pressed with extraction agent, the reaction pressure of this process is no more than 5.5 kilograms per centimeter ²Again with in the containing metal solution input receiver that generates, from receiver, containing metal solution gravity flow put into and decompose jar and be heated to and boil, when treating that containing metal solution becomes water white transparency, stop heating, pregnant solution is put into the filter tank filtration obtain wet metal oxide, drying, electrolysis more promptly obtains the metal of carrying.

2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that can directly extracting after cupric oxide and the nickel oxide ores pulverizing.

3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that extracting after 500-560 ℃ temperature roasting makes it become cupric oxide and nickel oxide after the pulverizing of cupric sulfide nickel sulfide ores.

4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that cobalt ore after crushed, carries out acidleach again, and the solution after the acidleach is neutralized to PH 9.5 with lime or yellow soda ash, and the gained throw out extracts after washing.

5, a kind of extraction element that is used for claim 1 method, it comprises stirred pot (17), retort (16), decompose jar (4), hay tank (14) and extraction agent retrieving arrangement, it is characterized in that it also comprises extraction agent jar (2), receiver (5), give heat jar (6), prolong (12) etc., and they are linked to be an airtight recycle system with pipe fitting, wherein, the extraction agent jar respectively with stirring, reacting two jars links to each other, simultaneously, link to each other with absorption tower (8) in the extraction agent retrieving arrangement by liquid supplementation pipe (9), receiver with give heat jar and place reaction, between decomposing two jars, in giving the heat jar, ventpipe (13) is arranged, one end of ventpipe communicates with the decomposition tank top, the other end links to each other with the absorption tower through prolong, between extraction agent jar and retort, be provided with liquid pump (3), and stir, reaction, aerodynamic force between three jars of the liquid of storage is provided by the air pump that links to each other with them (18), recirculated water in the absorption tower is then provided in tourie by liquid pump (10), being in operation to produce the jar of negative pressure or malleation, and its tank deck all communicates with the absorption tower by barometric pipe (7).